1、Module 4Great ScientistsBrief Statements Based on This ModuleThe Analysis of Teaching Contents in This ModuleIntroductionIn this part,we will lead in the topic by talking about some scientists.The teacher can show the students some pictures of scientists on the screen,such as Albert Einstein,Archime
2、des,Marie Curie,Qian Xuesen.Make sure the students know them and encourage them to say as many things about them as they can.Thats the lead-in and also Activity 1 in the introduction.In Activity 2,well learn some words related to science.In this part,let the students match the subjects with their de
3、finitions.Pair work can be involved in Activity 3.Ask the students to work in pairs and write some facts about a famous scientist.(The teacher had better ask the students to collect some information by surfing the Internet or reading some magazine ahead of time.)Vocabulary and ReadingThe passage mai
4、nly tells us the story of Yuan Longpingthe father of hybrid rice.The teacher may ask the students to read the text fast to get the main idea of each paragraph.Then do some careful reading to make sure the students understand the passage better.At the same time,well deal with some exercises including
5、 some word study.The teacher may show them on the screen,such as staple,yield,sterile,hybrid,etc.By guessing from the whole context they will have a good sense of enlarging their vocabulary and this is very important in learning a language.While reading this passage,some reading strategies are neces
6、sary:skimmingfast reading to find out the general idea of the passage as well as the answers to one or two questions;scanningcareful reading to look for important facts;guessingtry to guess new words from the context,understand the authors attitude and ideas from the context and understand the inten
7、tion.In the teaching of reading,the teacher can organize different reading activities according to the content of the text on purpose to train the above reading strategies and help them develop good reading habits from the very beginning.FunctionFunction in this module is talking about numbers,which
8、 include big numbers,fractions and percentages.The students can finish Activities 1 and 2 individually and check the answers with the whole class.As for activity 3,pair work or group work is better.Let the students dictate some numbers to their partners to consolidate what they learned.After that,th
9、e teacher can give them a quiz to make sure the students can distinguish different numbers correctly and can read and write them in the correct way.Grammar 1In grammar 1,well revise the passive voice of present tense,past tense,future tense and present perfect tense.There are four activities for the
10、 students to practice.Through Activity 1,the teacher will know if the students can tell passive voice from active voice and if they can distinguish the sentence tense.In class,the teacher should give the students more chances to speak English.Listening Activity 1 is an oral job.The teacher may give
11、the students one minute to have a quick look at the picture on Page 36 and then describe what is happening.The teacher can ask two or three students to answer this question.In finishing Activities 2 & 3 more efforts may be involved,and therefore the teacher had better play the tape twice.After liste
12、ning well do a word exercise,that is Activity 4,match the words with the meaning.It is a good way to consolidate new words.Reading and Writing This part is very important and useful for the students to practice writing.At the beginning,well learn the new words:best-seller cosmology,diagnose,disabili
13、ty,motor neurone disease,and victim.In activity 2 there are three disordered paragraphs about scientist Stephen Hawking.Then make sure the main idea of each paragraph in activity 3.Activity 4 gives us the notes about Albert Einstein in the order of time,which is often the main character of introduci
14、ng a person.At last,choose some information about him to write three short paragraphs about Albert Einstein.The beginning is given in Activity 5.Time permitting,the teacher may encourage the students to report what they write.If possible,present the students writing on the screen.Mistakes can be cor
15、rected now.Grammar 2In this part,the students will learn to use by+-ing form.Firstly,in Activity 1 make sure the usage of this form.It usually works as adverbial,and means “using some way”.This form is not difficult.We are sure that after the practice in Activity 2,the students can master this form
16、correctly.Pronunciation;Speaking and Everyday EnglishThe stress in long words is also the emphasis.The stress in a long word maycome at the beginning,in the middle,or at the end.In this part,well do some practice about that.In speaking,well play a game of guessing scientists names.First,the students
17、 may think of a famous scientist or inventor and some information about his life.Some questions about scientists are given as examples.Then work with another pair.Guess who pair B is describing by asking yes or no questions.Pair work will be involved in this part and more practice will be encouraged
18、.Everyday English well learn in this module is as follows:breakthrough,nickname,Pass and well done.Cultural CornerIn this part,well learn something about rockets.After studying the text,the students will be clear about the history and development of rockets.This supplementary reading will enrich the
19、 students knowledge of some scientific invention.TaskAfter speaking,write down your notes about the scientist.Then prepare a radio programme about the life of a famous scientist.If possible,record your radio programme.If not,write a passage about the famous scientist,and then report it to the whole
20、class.Module FileThis part is a summary of this module.It may help the students to know whether they have mastered the main points or not.If time permits,the teacher may have a revision of this module by analyzing this part and consolidate it with some exercises.Six periods for teachingPeriod 1:Intr
21、oduction;Writing Period 2:Vocabulary and ReadingPeriod 3:Function;Grammar 1,2Period 4:Listening;Pronunciation;SpeakingPeriod 5:Everyday English;Cultural corner;Task;Module filePeriod 1Introduction;WritingThe General Idea of This PeriodIn this period,we will lead in the topic by talking about some sc
22、ientists.The teacher can show the students some pictures of scientists on the screen,such as Albert Einstein,Archimedes,Marie Curie,Qian Xuesen.Make sure the students know them and encourage them to say as many things about them as they can.Thats the lead-in and also Activity 1 in this part.In Activ
23、ity 2,well learn some words related to science.In this part,let the students match the subjects with their definitions.Pair work can be involved in Activity 3.Ask the students to work in pairs and write some facts about a famous scientist.In reading and writing,well learn a passage about Stephen Haw
24、king and learn to write three short paragraphs about Albert Einstein.(The teacher had better ask the students to collect some information by surfing the Internet or reading some magazine ahead of time.)Teaching Important PointsEncourage the students to say as much information as possible and teach t
25、hem to learn some new words about science.Teaching Difficult PointsHow to write some facts about a famous person.Teaching MethodsIndividual work,pair work to get every student to participate in class.Teaching AidsMultimedia teaching,a blackboard and some chalks.Three Dimensional Teaching AimsKnowled
26、ge and SkillsIntroduce some scientists and science to the students.Make sure the students can use simple English to introduce a famous scientist.Practice the students writing skill.Process and StrategiesTrain the students speaking and writing abilities through individual and pair work.Feelings and V
27、alueEncourage the students to know some scientists and their main achievements.At the same time,practice their writing skill.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 Lead-inT:Good morning,boys and girls!Ss:Good morning,sir!T:Now Id like to show you some pictures.(Show some pictures of Marie Curie.)Do you know her
28、name?Ss:Madame Curie.T:Thats right.What did she discover?And when?Ss:Sorry,I dont know their English names.T:It doesnt matter.Ill tell you.She discovered Polonium and Radium in 1898.She got the Nobel Prize in 1911,and she got two Nobel Prizes.She is a famous physicist.OK please look at this one.(Sho
29、w the picture of Albert Einstein.)Ss:Albert Einstein.T:Good job!What did he invent?What do you know about him?SA:The Theory of Relativity.SB:He got the Nobel Prize.T:Well done!.(Do Activity 1 in turn.In this part,if there is no multimedia,the teacher can let the students have a look at pictures in A
30、ctivity 1.)Suggested answers:From the top left:1.Qian Xuesen:”father of Chinas aerospace” and “king of rockets”2.Marie Curie:physicist;discovered Polonium and Radium(1898);Nobel Prize:19113.Archimedes:”father of integral calculus”4.Albert Einstein:mathematical physicist;Theory of Relativity(1916);No
31、bel Prize:1921Step 2 Word studyT:From Activity 1,we know Albert Einstein is a physicist.What did he study?Ss:Physics.T:How about Charles Darwin?Ss:He is a biologist.He studied biology.T:Good job!There are some other scientific studies.Do you want to know them?Ss:Yes!T:Okay,lets look at the words in
32、the box in Activity 2.Then match the words and definitions.First,read the words after me and pay attention to their pronunciation and stress!Biochemistry,biology,botany,chemistry,genetics,physics,zoology.Please match them with their definitions quickly.(After a while,check the answers.)Suggested ans
33、wers:1.zoology2.botany3.biology4.physics5.biochemistry6.chemistry7.geneticsStep 3 Writing some factsT:Just now,we share some information about some famous scientist.Which scientists do you know about?Ss:Edison,Newton,Nobel,.T:Good!Can you write down some facts about a famous scientist?There is an ex
34、ample for you.Newton was born in England in the 17th century.He discovered the laws of gravity.Now,work with your partner and write down some facts.(Give the students three minutes to prepare.)Time is over.The teacher can check their work.T:OK,I know youve written some information.Whod like to share
35、 your facts?Sa:Marie Curie was born in Poland in 1867.She discovered two radioactive elements,Polonium and Radium and made great contribution to physics and chemistry.She got the Nobel Prize twice in her life.She is a great woman scientist in the world.T:Excellent job!You give us a good example.Anyo
36、ne else?If time permits,give more students the chance to speak out what they have written down.(In order to do the job well,the teacher can ask the students to search for more information about scientists on the Internet or in a library before class.)Suggested answer for reference:Francis Crick(born
37、 in 1916)was a British molecular biologist.He graduated from Cambridge in physics,and was a scientist with the navy from 1940-1947.He then returned to Cambridge to work on the structure of molecules using X-ray crystallography.In 1951,with the American J.D.Watson,he started work on trying to describ
38、e the chemical structure of DNA.Using X-ray pictures they eventually described it as a double helix.He and Watson were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962.In 1977,Crick went to work at the Salk Institute in San Francisco.Step 4 Reading and writing Read through the words in the box and have the students
39、repeat them,paying attention to the words where the stress does not fall on the first syllable:cosmology,creation,diagnose disability,disease.best-seller（畅销书）cosmology（宇宙论）diagnose（诊断） disability（残疾）motor neurone disease （运动神经元病） victim（受害者）T:Now lets come to the following passage,which is about the
40、 famous scientist,Stephen Hawking.There are three paragraphs and disordered.Read them and number them in the correct order.While reading,try to get the main idea of each paragraph._Victims of motor neurone disease cannot move and cannot speak but their brains may work perfectly.In Stephen Hawkings c
41、ase it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist.Moving in a wheelchair and speaking through a special computer,he has become the voice of science._Stephen Hawking has spent his career at Cambridge University,where he became Professor in 1977.His work was in the area of cosmology and he wrote
42、 about black holesin space.His book A Brief History of Time was published in 1988 and is still a best-seller._Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientist in the world partly because of his scientific discoveries and partly because of his physical disability.He was born in 1942 in Oxford and
43、graduated from Oxford University.In the 1960s he was diagnosed with motor neurone disease.Suggested answers:231T:Lets come to Activity 3.Write the number of the paragraph.Give the students two minutes to prepare,then collect their answers chorally and individually.1.This paragraph explains why Hawki
44、ng is famous._2.This paragraph talks about Hawkings personal life._3.This paragraph talks about Hawkings scientific career._Suggested answers:1.The third in the book.2.The first in the book.3.The second in the book.T:So much for this passage.Now we read some facts about Albert Einstein,another famou
45、s scientist in the world.There are some notes about him,read it and write there short paragraphs about him using the notes given.born in Ulm,Germany,1879didnt speak until he was three loved mathematicshad the idea of his theory of relativity when he was 16studied physics in Zurich,Switzerlandgot a j
46、ob in an office to earn his livingpublished the general theory of relativity in 1905became a university teacher in 1909published the general theory of relativity in 1915awarded Nobel Prize for physics in 1921left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the USdied in 1955Suggested answe
47、rs:Albert Einstein was probably the most brilliant scientist of he twentieth century.Born in Ulm,Germany in 1879,he didnt speak until he was three,but then developed a strong interest in mathematics as a child.He had idea for his theory of relativity at the age of 16,although he didnt publish it unt
48、il 1905,after he had studied physics in Zurich,Switzerland.He became a university teacher in 1905,and published the general theory of relativity in 1915.In 1921 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics.When Hitler came to power,Einstein left Germany and went to live and work in the USA.He died in
49、1955.Step 5 Summary and homeworkT:First of all,we learned some facts about some famous scientists and also some names of scientific studies.Then we read some facts about Stephen Hawking,a famous disabled scientist and some facts about the famous scientist Albert Einstein.And practise writing.Homewor
50、k today is to write short passage about a famous scientist.Hand it in today.Thats all for today.Good-bye,everyone.Ss:Good bye,teacher.The Design of the Writing on the BlackboardModule 4Great ScientistsThe first periodbiochemistrybiologybotanychemistrygeneticsphysicszoologyRecord after Teaching_Activ
51、ities and Research1.Think of more famous scientists in the world and China and try to say something about them.2.Search for some information about scientists on the Internet or in a library.Reference for TeachingBackground InformationQian Xuesen Qian Xuesen is one of the pioneers of Chinas space sci
52、ence.A world-famous expert on aerospace rockets and aerodynamics,Qian has obtained great attainments in the areas of applied mechanics,engineering cybernetics and system engineering and made distinguished contributions to the foundation and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking.He plays a lea
53、ding role in the research,manufacture and testing of carrier rockets,guided missiles and satellites.Due to research and development led by Qian,China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964,launched its first man-made satellite in 1970,fired its first transcontinental ballistic missile tow
54、ard the Pacific in 1980,and launched its first manned spacecraft on Oct.15,2003.In 1955,six years later after the founding of New China,Qian Xuesen returned to the motherland.In 1956,Qian put forward “Proposal on the Development of Chinas Aviation Industry for National Defense” and assisted Zhou Enl
55、ai,the then premiere,and Marshal Nie Rongzheng to prepare the establishment of Chinas first missile and rocket R&D structure,the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense.In the October of 1956,Qian assumed office of director-general with the fifth research institute.Henceforth,Qian has
56、long been in charge of the chief technological officer with the R&D of Chinas missile,rocket and spacecraft,and has contributed great to the establishment and development of Chinas missile,rocket and spacecraft undertakings.Marie CurieMarie Curie,Polish scientist,was born in Warsaw,on November 7th,1
57、867,and died in France,on 4th July 1934.Her single name was Maria Sklodowska.In Paris,Marie graduated in Mathematical and Physical Sciences.She got married in 1895 with the French physicist,Pierre Curie.In 1896,H.Becquerel suggested the theme of her Ph.D.thesis the study of natural radiation from ur
58、anium salts.During her work,the Curie couple discovered a new radioactive element named polonium in honor to Maries homeland.A few months later,they were able to discover radium for the first time.Together with Becquerel,she obtained the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903.She founded the Radium Institu
59、te of Paris,and was the main responsible until her death.In 1911 she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Ulm,Germany,in 1879.His father owned a factory that made electrical devices.His mother enjoyed music and books.His parents were Jewish but they di
60、d not observe many of the religions rules.As a child he always loved mathematics,and he had his idea of the theory of relativity when he was only 16 years old.He published his special theory of relativity in 1905.In 1915,he expanded it to a “General Theory of Relativity.” He changed the way we under
61、stand the universe.In 1921,he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.It was given to him,not for his theories of relativity,but for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.This scientific law explained how and why some metals give off electrons after light falls on their surfaces.The discovery
62、led to the development of modern electronics,including radio and television.Albert Einstein taught in Switzerland and Germany.He left Germany when Adolph Hitler came to power in 1933.He moved to the United States to continue his research.He worked at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,New
63、 Jersey.Einstein became a citizen of the United States in Nineteen-Forty.Albert Einstein opposed wars.Yet he wrote to President Franklin Roosevelt in 1939 to advise him that the United States should develop an atomic bomb before Germany did.Albert Einstein died in Nineteen-Fifty-Five.He was seventy-
64、six years old.Archimedes阿基米德（Archimedes约公元前287前212）是古希腊著名的数学家和物理学家。静力学和流体静力学的奠基人。公元前287年诞生于地中海西西里岛的叙拉古城（今意大利锡拉库萨）。他的父亲是古希腊天文学家和数学家。阿基米德从小深受父亲的影响,偏爱数学,很早就学习希腊著名数学家欧几里得（约前330前275）的几何学原理。11岁的时候,阿基米德去当时著名的文化中心尼罗河畔的亚历山大城学习。学习期间对数学、力学和天文学有浓厚的兴趣。在他学习天文学时,发明了用水力推动的星球仪,并用它模拟太阳、行星和月亮的运行及表演日食和月食现象。为解决用尼罗河水灌溉土地
65、的难题,他发明了圆筒状的螺旋扬水器,后人称它为”阿基米德螺旋”。公元前240年,他学成后回到叙拉古,当了国王亥厄洛的顾问,帮助国王解决生产实践、军事技术和日常生活中的各种科学技术问题。公元前212年,叙拉古城失陷,正在聚精会神地研究科学问题的阿基米德,不幸被蛮横的罗马士兵杀害。袁隆平袁隆平 Yuan Longping(1930.9.7)出生于北平,1953年毕业于西南农学院。1964年开始研究杂交水稻,1973年实现三系配套,1974年育成第一个杂交水稻强优组合南优2号,1975年研制成功杂交水稻制种技术,从而为大面积推广杂交水稻奠定了基础。1985年提出杂交水稻育种的战略设想,为杂交水稻的进一步发展指明了方向。1987年任863计划两系杂交稻专题的责任专家,1995年研制成功两系杂交水稻,1997年提出超级杂交稻育种技术路线,2000年实现了农业部制定的中国超级稻育种的第一期目标,2004年提前一年实现了超级稻第二期目标。1995年当选为中国工程院院士。先后获得”国家特等发明奖”“首届最高科学技术奖”等多项国内奖项和联合国”科学奖”“沃尔夫奖”“世界粮食奖”等11项国际大奖。出版中、英文专著6部,发表论文60余篇。1995年当选为中国工程院院士。