1、温馨提示：此套题为 Word 版，请按住 Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭 Word 文档返回原板块。选修 8Unit 22 Environmental Protection主题:人与自然 子话题:环境保护 对应教材:必修 3 Unit 7 The Sea;选修 8 Unit 22 Environmental Protection.细品味经典文章 Take.Take.Take.The relationship between a mother and a child always seems to follow such a pattern.Like a chil
2、d endlessly asking,we humans,throughout history,have been continually demanding what we desire from nature.We enjoy the comfort and beauty of our furniture,yet we never bother to think about the serious soil loss caused by deforestation.We take it for granted that we must warm ourselves in winter ti
3、mes,yet we seldom realize the burning away of precious natural resources.We appreciate all the prosperity from the development of modern industry,yet few would give the slightest consideration to the global air and water pollution caused by industrial wastes.Our ruthless exploitation has permanently
4、 impaired our mother earth.While enjoying material civilization,we cannot help thinking of our posterity.Nature is not only the mother of the present generation,but also the mother of the generations to come.How severely our descendants will criticize us if we leave them a barren and lifeless mother
5、?How much more they will appreciate us if we give them a world of harmony to inherit?Let us start respecting and caring for nature from now on.Let us start the campaign of creating a mutually beneficial relationship between people and nature right from this moment.With this new start,we firmly belie
6、ve that our children,and our childrens children will live in a brand-new age of green trees,clean air,crystal water,blue sky and an even more promising world!.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与本单元话题有关的词汇。deforestation,natural resources,harmony,soil loss,industrial wastes2.写出文章中的优美句式。We take it for granted that we must
7、 warm ourselves in winter times.With this new start,we firmly believe that our children,and our childrens children will live in a brand-new age of green trees,clean air,crystal water,blue sky and an even more promising world!.重点词汇1.trap vt.使困住;诱捕;诱骗;n.陷阱;圈套【典型例句】The firefighters were trying to rescu
8、e those trapped in the burning hotel.消防队员正尽力挽救那些被困在失火旅馆中的人们。【词块必记】be trapped in.被困在中fall into the trap of doing sth.落入做某事的圈套中set/lay a trap for 为设圈套【思维拓展】表示“被困于中”的短语还有:be/get locked in./be/get stuck in.be/get caught in./be/get blocked in.【语境速测】单句语法填空Some miners were trapped(trap)underground after th
9、e collapse.She survived in the wilderness by eating berries and trapping(trap)small animals and birds.句式升级He was trapped in the traffic jam,he had to be patient,waiting.(句型转换)Trapped in the traffic jam,he had to be patient,waiting.【写作金句】You should not always make comparison with others;otherwise,you
10、 may be trapped in depression,for there are always others who are better than you.你不要总是和别人攀比,否则你可能会陷入忧郁之中,因为毕竟有许多人比你强。2.adopt vt.采用,收养【典型例句】The teacher advised the boy,who always fails to remember the new words,to adopt an effective way of learning vocabulary.老师建议那个总是记不住生词的男孩,应采取一种有效的方法来学习词汇。【词块必记】(
11、1)adopt ones suggestion/idea/approach 采纳某人的建议/意见/方法(2)adopted adj.收养的,领养的;被采用的(3)adoption n.收养,领养【语境速测】单句语法填空The suggestion adopted(adopt)by us was put forward by a young man.Adopted(adopt)by an old man,the boy began to lead a happy life.完成句子Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive approach to th
12、e environment.应帮助学生对环境采取积极的态度。She was forced to have her baby adopted.她被迫把婴儿给人收养。3.means n.方法,手段【典型例句】As is known to us all,Kobe succeeded by means of training hard.众所周知,科比通过努力训练取得了成功。【词块必记】by means of 借助的手段by all means当然可以;一定;务必by any means 无论如何;以任何方式by no means决不,一点也不(置于句首,其后倒装)【语境速测】单句语法填空Only by
13、 this means is it possible to persuade him.They have tried all means,which possibly are(be)helpful.完成句子Television is an effective means of communication.电视是一种有效的通信手段。句式升级(用倒装句)We will never give up.By no means will we give up.4.considerate adj.想得周到的,体贴的【典型例句】Since I am now preparing for the College
14、Entrance Examination,my mother is very considerate of me.因为我现在正在准备高考,妈妈对我很体贴。【词块必记】(1)consider doing sth.考虑做某事consider sb.(to be/as)sth.认为某人是all things considered 综观一切,将一切考虑在内(2)considerationn.考虑;考察take sth.into consideration 把考虑在内(3)considerable adj.相当大的;相当多的【语境速测】单句语法填空I seriously considered resig
15、ning(resign).Shares and bonds can bring one quite a considerable(consider)additional income.It was very considerate(consider)of you to send me a postcard.句式升级He took all the aspects into consideration and designed a good pattern.Taking all the aspects into consideration,he designed a good pattern.(现
16、在分词)All the aspects taken into consideration,he designed a good pattern.(独立主格).核心短语5.lead to 引起,导致,造成(后果);通向【典型例句】False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.虚假火警是非法的,可能会导致监禁。【词块必记】lead sb.to sth.引领某人lead sb.to do sth.引导某人做某事lead the way领路;处于领先地位lead sb.by the nose 牵着某人的鼻子走lead a.life
17、过着的生活lead to a conclusion得出结论【语境速测】单句语法填空Hard work leads to success.Laziness leads to failing(fail)the exam.I want to know what led you to take(take)up acting as a career.The old couple lead a happy life now.【写作金句】All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。6.answer for(对已产生的不良后果)负责任【典型例句】One day youll have to a
18、nswer for this.你总有一天要为此负责任。【词块必记】answer back 顶嘴,反驳in answer to=as a reply 作为回应;作为对的回答【语境速测】单句语法填空The doctor came at once in answer to my phone call.Stop answering your mother back!完成句子I dont quite know what to say in answer to your question.我不知道该怎么回答你的问题。7.refer(to)涉及,提及;谈到;参考;查阅;指,意即教材原句Global warm
19、ing refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature that,in turn,leads to climate change.(P6)全球变暖指的是地球温度平均增长,继而导致气候变化。【词块必记】refer to the dictionary/notes 查词典/笔记reference n.提及;征求;查阅make a reference to提到,谈到reference book参考书【语境速测】写出下列句中 refer to 的含义Dont refer to this matter again,please.提及You m
20、ay refer to your notes if you want.查阅Excuse me,what do these words in brackets refer to?指的是完成句子I mention this point now in passing and shall refer to it again.这一点现在顺便提一下,以后还会讲到。【写作金句】For further information,please refer to the table on the following page.欲了解更多信息,请参阅下页的表格。.经典句式8.Given this data,it se
21、ems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鉴于这些数据,看起来人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。【句型公式】本句中 given 为介词,意思为“鉴于,考虑到,假如”。it seems that.中 it 是形式主语,意为“看起来”。这类连词还有:considering(that)鉴于,考虑到seeing that既然,鉴于【语境速测】单句语法填空Given(give)that he supports us,well
22、 win the election.Considering(consider)he was still a boy,I forgave him.It seems that they are talking about something.【写作金句】Nothing is as good as it seems beforehand.期待比现实更美好。9.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale,and experts are predicting far worse to come.近几年一些环境
23、灾难大规模出现,专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。【典型例句】The year 1886 witnessed the first extended translation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi.1886 年,埃利法斯莱维的作品第一次有了长篇英译本。【句型公式】句中the last few years作主语,see作谓语,意为“经历;目睹”,这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动。类似用法的词还有:witness,find 等。【语境速测】单句语法填空The last 30 years have witnessed(witness)the
24、 rapid development of China.The National Day of this year saw(see)so many traffic jams on the expressway.【写作金句】Our country has witnessed the rapid growth of economy.我们国家已经见证了经济的快速发展。【备选要点】1.substitute n.代替品,代用品 v.用代替;取代;替换【典型例句】We substituted a red ball for blue to see if the baby would notice.我们用红色
25、的球代替蓝色的球,看孩子是否会注意到。【词块必记】a substitute for sb./sth.的代替者/代用品substitute A for B=substitute B with A用 A 代替 B【语境速测】单句语法填空In this area people often substitute honey for sugar.She often substitutes(substitute)absent teachers in their Spanish classes.【写作金句】Nothing can substitute for the advice your doctor i
26、s able to give you.你的医生所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。2.reserve vt.储备;保存;保留;预定,预约 n.保护区;储备【典型例句】Climate change is a continuing process,so Norphels ice reserves will not last forever.气候变化是一个持续的过程,所以诺菲尔的冰储量不会永远持续。【词块必记】(1)reserve sth.for sb./sth.为某人/某物保留、预定某物(2)in reserve贮存;备用(3)reservation n.保留;预定make a reservation预定
27、(座位、房间等)without reserve/reservation 毫无保留地(4)reserved adj.预定的,保留的be reserved for留作,(专)供之用【语境速测】写出下列句中 reserve 的词性及含义Id prefer to reserve my judgement until I find all the evidence.vt.保留I cannot get the book I want but can I reserve it?vt.预定Firstly,an effective way,I think,is to reserve water in a sci
28、entific way for future use.vt.储备Jiuzhaigou Valley is a nature reserve located in Chinas Sichuan Province.n.保护区完成句子Id like to reserve a table for three for eight oclock.我想预定八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led tothe evolution of physical characteristics tha
29、t made the task easier for them.2.(2019江苏高考)How can we bridge the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals?3.(2019 北京高考)At this years I/O Conference,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionis
30、t and book a reservation(reserve)without detection.4.(2019 全 国 卷)Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant(relevant)information.5.(2019江苏高考)Walking upright results(result)in physical sufferings.6.(2020浙江高考)The tractor was resting against the crash barrier in the central reservation(reserve),
31、having miraculously crossed the busy road with fast-flowing traffic.语法填空 In the last few decades,scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climate.They claim that in the last 50 years gases 1.pumped(pump)into the Earths atmosphere by the facto
32、ries and vehicles have been affecting our climate.But what exactly is global warming?Global warming 2.refers(refer)to an average increase in the Earths temperature that,3.inturn,leads to climate change.Over the last 100 years,the global average temperature 4.has increased(increase)by 1F and many exp
33、erts insist that 5.the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned on human 6.activities(activity).The link between human activities and 7.rising(rise)global temperatures is not 8.merely(mere)a coincidence.9.If we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge quantities,we w
34、ill threaten all life on Earth.Governments all over the world have the responsibility 10.to reduce(reduce)the emission of carbon dioxide.Experts advocate each person play their part.短文改错(2021郑州模拟)During the Spring Festival,my classmates and I visited the Nursing Home in our city.The elderly people h
35、ere expressed their warm welcome for us arrival.We brought them some fruits and flower.Then we set out to cleaning the windows,sweep the floors,wash their clothes and so on.We all worked very hardly.After that,we sat down,chat with them happily.They told to us many old interesting stories and we sha
36、re some recent hot topics with them.Three hours had passed since we knew it.At end of our trip,they said we had made their day.【答案】1.【解析】第二句 here 改为 there。此处表示敬老院的老人,应是远指,所以用 there。2.【解析】第二句 us 改为 our。此处表示他们对我们的到来表示热烈欢迎,应用形容词性物主代词 our 修饰名词 arrival。3.【解析】第三句 flower 改为 flowers。根据前面的“some fruits”可知此处应用
37、复数 flowers。4.【解析】第四句 cleaning 改为 clean。set out to do.开始着手做,所以应该用 clean。5.【解析】第五句 hardly 改为 hard。此处表示“我们都干得很卖力”,应用 hard“努力地”,而 hardly 意为“几乎不”。6.【解析】第六句 chat 改为 chatting。分析句子结构可知 sat 是谓语,chat 前没有并列连词 and,所以只能用非谓语动词形式 chatting。7.【解析】第七句去掉 to。tell sb.sth.“告诉某人某事”,tell 为及物动词,所以去掉 to。8.【解析】第七句 share 改为 sh
38、ared。分析句子结构可知,and 连接前后两个并列句。前半句中的谓语是过去式 told,所以后半句中应是shared。9.【解析】第八句 since 改为 before。此处句意是“不知不觉三个小时已经过去了”,所以是在我们意识到之前,三个小时已经过去了,应用before。10.【解析】第九句 end 前加 the。at the end of“在结束的时候”,所以应加 the。【易错误区】(1)误导原因:相似,如:here 这 there 那hard努力地hardly 几乎不代词的误用,如:us 宾格;our 形容词性物主代词混淆固定搭配,如:set out to dotell sb.sth
39、.名词数的错误;动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词。(2)去伪存真:口诀动词形,名词数还要注意形和副代词格,细领悟介词短语常常出冠词连词常光顾核心素养 培养学生保护自然环境、自然资源的意识;帮助学生进一步了解人与环境、人与动植物的关系以及人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系高考链接 2020全国卷阅读理解 C、阅读填句,2020新高考全国卷完形填空,2020浙江高考完形填空,2019浙江 6 月高考阅读理解 C;2019北京高考阅读理解 D;2019天津 6 月高考阅读理解 C;2018浙江高考阅读理解 B;2018浙江高考阅读理解 C;2018全国卷阅读理解 C.话题与阅读理解(2020全国卷阅读理解
40、C)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list,fur probably didnt cross your mind.But some ecologists and fashion(时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have sh
41、owcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free furunless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree,project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay h
42、unters$5 a tail.Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.“The ecosystem down there cant handle this non-native species(物种).Its destroying the environment.Its them or us,”says Mich
43、ael Massimi,an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades,but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana.He says its not easy to convince people that
44、 nutria fur is green,but he has no doubt about it.Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year,so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.Then theres Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions.Model Paige Morgan says,“To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear withou
45、t someone throwing paint on themI think thats going to be a massive thing,at least here in New York.”Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.Shes trying to come up with a label to attach to nutr
46、ia fashions to show it is eco-friendly.【文章大意】时装设计师正在把海狸鼠的皮毛做成时装进行促销,这不是犯罪。因为海狸鼠属于美国的外来物种,它们正在毁坏着美国的环境和生态系统。1.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?A.To promote guilt-free fur.B.To expand the fashion market.C.To introduce a new brand.D.To celebrate a winter holiday.【解析】
47、选 A。推理判断题。根据第二段 Cree McCree 说的话“谈论没有罪恶的皮毛听起来很疯狂除非你理解每年海狸鼠正在毁坏大片的湿地。”可以推断,在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办的时装展是为了促销海狸鼠的皮毛做成的时装。故选 A。2.What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?A.Its formal.B.Its risky.C.Its harmful.D.Its traditional.【解析】选 B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Morgan 说的话“为了给人们一种无罪恶感的选择,那就是他们可以穿海狸鼠皮毛时
48、装,没有人会指责他们我认为指责是大规模的事情,至少在纽约是这样的。”可以推断出,在纽约穿皮毛时装会遭到严厉的反对,所以在纽约穿这样的衣服是很冒险的。故选 B。【微技能点拨】快速定位信息 巧解推理判断题本文中第 1 题为推理判断题,根据策略解题如下:Step 1 确定题干关键词:purpose.in New Orleans and BrooklynStep 2 回到原文准定位:回到文章第二段,从地点 New Orleans and Brooklyn 入手,找到关键句unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands
49、 every year 每年海狸鼠正在毁坏大片的湿地,所以举办的时装展是为了促销海狸鼠的皮毛做成的时装。所以可以推断,在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办的时装展是为了促销海狸鼠的皮毛做成的时装。故选 A。【语用提能】话题词汇environmentalist,ecologists,eco-friendlydestroy,environment短语come up with 提出熟词新义promote 促销【微语法填空】(2020全国卷阅读理解 C 改编)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Different 1.from our traditional thoughts,so
50、me ecologists and fashion(时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur 2.made(make)from nutria(海狸鼠),3.which sounds crazy.The reason for this is that the nutria 4.are destroying(destroy)vast wetlands every year currently.5.Brought(bring)from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the
51、wild,6.the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.To give people a guilt-free option 7.that they can wear without someone 8.throwing(throw)paint on them is going to be a massive thing.To make it 9.morally(moral)acceptable,someone suggests coming up with a label to show 10.it is eco-friendly.话题与写作 环
52、保问题近来也是热门话题。写作示范:近年来雾霾(haze)频发,已经严重地影响了人们的生活。假定你是李华,请根据以下提示用英语给校报写一封信,谈谈你对雾霾现象的认识。危害:1.对身体有害;2.容易引发交通事故。建议:1.政府应该提高大众的环保意识;2.大力提倡公众植树造林;3.绿色出行 注意:1.词数 100 左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Step 1 写作技巧题目研读 这是一封信,对雾霾现象发表自己的意见或看法,多用夹叙夹议的写作方法,使短文说理透彻,论述有力。一般可分为两部分:第一部分:对提示内容或现象进行描述。第二部分:对问题的认识或看法以及应采取的措施。1.词汇及其要点信息(1
53、)对身体有害 do harm to peoples health(2)采取措施减少雾霾take measures to reduce the haze(3)提高大众的环保意识raise peoples awareness of protecting the environment2.一句多译我国雾霾频发,给我们的生活造成了极大的危害。(1)Severe haze weather has frequently occurred in China,which has done great harm to peoples health.(2)Severe haze weather has frequ
54、ently occurred in China,which is quite harmful to peoples health.(3)Severe haze weather has frequently occurred in China,which is of great harm to peoples health.3.句式升级(1)只有用这种方法,我们才能把我们自己从雾霾中拯救出来。(倒装句)Only in this way can we save ourselves from the haze.(2)政府有必要提高人们的环保意识。(It is+adj.+for sb.to do st
55、h.)It is necessary for the government to raise peoples awareness of protecting the environment.Step 2 妙笔成篇Dear editor,In recent years,severe haze weather has frequently occurred in China,which has done great harm to peoples health.Many traffic accidents happened in haze weather and some people even
56、got injured or lost their lives.Now that we have realized the great harm caused by the haze,we should take measures to reduce it.It is necessary for the government to raise peoples awareness of protecting the environment.In addition,people should go to work by bus or by bike if possible instead of d
57、riving as well as plant more trees to clean the polluted air.Only in this way can we save ourselves from the haze.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【加固训练】阅读填句(2020全国卷)Emoji(表情符号)and Workplace Communication In Asia,messaging platforms are growing rapidly,with users in the hundreds of millions,both at work and pl
58、ay.1.Its been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping intention clear.2,encouraging better and more frequent communication.In any given office,employ
59、ees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge.3 .While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually,for those used to working with traditional tools like email,it may feel like a learning curve(曲线).The good news is that its s
60、imple to learn and can be worth the effort.There is also the matter of tone(语气).Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?4.Emoji can help communication feel friendlier,and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.5,and emoji can contribute directly to
61、 that positive outcome.And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication,youll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.A.Messages with emojis feel more conversationalB.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC.Sending smiling faces to colleagu
62、es may seem strangeD.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestlyF.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform【文章大意】表情符号
63、越来越流行,它们在工作场所的交流中也起到重要作用。1.【解析】选 D。考查段中句。空前面一句提到,在亚洲,信息平台正快速发展,拥有用户数亿,他们有的在工作有的在玩。空后面一句提到,据报道在一些西方国家 76%的员工在工作时使用表情符号。由此可知,填空处承上启下,表示“这些平台正在全球流行”。故选 D。2.【解析】选 A。考查段中句。空前面一句提到,使用表情符号能增加幽默和感情,使意图明显。空后面提到鼓励更好更频繁的交流,所以填空处表示“使用表情符号的信息感觉是更加健谈的”。故选 A。3.【解析】选 G。考查段中句。空前面一句提到,在任何一个办公室,员工年龄从 22 岁到 70 岁不等,在交流方
64、式方面找到共同点是很难的。填空处顺承上句,表示“使工作中的各代人聚在一起的简单的方法就是用一个聊天平台”。故选 G。4.【解析】选 B。考查段中句。空前面提到,还有一个语气的问题。谁没有收到过令人恼怒以至于一天都郁闷的电子邮件呢?填空处顺承前面的内容,表示“甚至一封正式的电子邮件也会看起来冷漠、不友好”。由此可知选 B。5.【解析】选 F。考查段首句。空后面提到,当你的员工开始在商业交流中增加笑脸表情符号时,你要知道你已经成功地提升了你们的工作文化。段首句是对后面内容的总结,所以表示“研究表明更加友好的交流会带来更加快乐的工作场所”。故选 F。【难句剖析】While the younger g
65、enerations prefer to communicate visually,for those used to working with traditional tools like email,it may feel like a learning curve.分析:while the younger generations prefer to communicate visually 是while 引导的让步状语从句。used to working with traditional tools like email 是分词短语作定语修饰 those。翻译:虽然较年轻的几代人更喜欢视觉交流,但是对于那些习惯使用像电子邮件这样的传统工具工作的人来说,它可能感觉就像学习曲线。关闭 Word 文档返回原板块