1、选修10 Unit 1 Nothing ventured,nothing gained &Unit 2 King Lear 核心单词1. strengthenvt.加强；巩固The front army troops were strengthened by a large contingent of students from the military academy. 前线部队得到了一大批军事学院学员的增援。The fence was strengthened with wire.这围栏用金属丝加固了。 常用结构：strengthen unity加强团结strengthen ones de
2、termination坚定决心strengthen national defence巩固国防联想拓展：strength n. 力量；力气；长处 高手过招完成句子他建议使用氟化物来坚固牙齿。He advises an application of fluoride to the teeth.我试图攒足力气再多干一些活。Im trying to summon up the to do some more work.风在天黑后才会变强。The wind wont until after dark.答案：strengthen strength strengthen 2. stickvt.刺，插；粘，贴
3、vi.刺入A thorn stuck me in the hand. 一根刺扎在了我的手上。Stick the broken pieces together with glue. 用胶水把碎片粘到一起。I found a nail sticking in the tyre. 我发现一根钉子扎进了车胎。常用结构：stick in ones throat （骨头等）鲠在喉中；（话等）难以启齿stick it out拼到底，坚持到底stick on贴在上stick out伸出stick to坚持；遵循易混辨析：stick to/insist on/persist instick to坚持（原则/计划
4、/诺言/决定/意见等）。insist on坚持(意见/主张)。persist in坚持(行动)，有时表示固执己见或坚持不改。高手过招翻译句子If we let him look after the money, Im afraid much of it will stick to his fingers.如果我们把钱交给他保管，恐怕大部分都要被他侵吞掉。 She stuck the stamp on the envelope.她把邮票贴在信封上。 He drove into a bog, where his wheels stuck fast.他把车开进了一片沼泽地，轮子牢牢地陷在了里面。 3
5、. rankn.等级；军阶；地位；身份；社会阶层；军衔v.把分等；把评级；排列，把排成列They served everyone regardless of social rank. 他们为所有的人服务而不计较其社会地位。He was promoted to the rank of Captain. 他被提升为上尉。常用结构：rank .among/with. 把列在当中rank .as.把当作break the rank打乱队形in the front rank在第一排；在前列keep rank保持队形the rank and file普通士兵们；老百姓们He can be ranked a
6、mong the best students of this year. 他可能被评为本年度最优秀的学生之一。Many people rank him as the greatest writer of the time.很多人把他视为当代最伟大的作家。易混辨析：rank/class/order/graderank意为阶级，指陆军将校的阶级，也指一般的社会阶级，特指世袭的贵族阶级。class意为级，以同一目的而聚合的、暂时的、经常变化的级，如学校的各班级、社会阶级等。order意为阶级，指一般的社会阶级，并特指僧职的阶级。grade意为等级，根据优劣而分，可指人也可指物，也指学校的评级。 高手
7、过招翻译句子The captain was promoted to the rank of major.那位上尉被提升为少校。 He is a physicist of the first rank.他是位一流的物理学家。 The soldiers stood in two ranks.士兵站成了两排。 4. responsibilityn.责任；职责；负责That means a lot of work and responsibility.那意味着大量的工作和责任。Taking care of a family is a big responsibility.照顾全家是一项重大的责任。常用
8、结构：take/have the responsibility for sth.对负责联想拓展：responsible adj.负责任的，对（某人）负责的responsibly adv.负责任地；可靠地respond vt.回答，反应；应答response n.回答，应答be responsible for对负责make/give a response to对作出答复 高手过招完成句子妇女生育孩子，还要负责照顾孩子。Women bear children and childcare.我们期待机构内的下层人士能承担更多的责任。We would expect individuals lower d
9、own the organization to more responsibilities.他对那个事故没有责任。He has no responsibility that accident.一家之父应该有更多的责任感。The father of a family should have more .你知道政府工作人员的职责吗？Do you know the responsibilities the government workers? 答案： take responsibility fortake onforsense of responsibilityof5. devotionn.献身；
10、忠心；专心；热爱联想拓展：devote vt.奉献；贡献devoted adj.献身的；忠实的；挚爱的devote oneself to+n.奉献给；致力于；献身于devote + n.（人生、时间、劳力等）+to奉献于；致力于be devoted to献身于；忠心于温馨提示：devotion常与介词to搭配，构成短语：devotion to热爱；专心于；热心于。The devotion of parents to their children is selfless. 父母对孩子的爱是无私的。 高手过招完成句子法官赞扬消防人员的勇气和敬业精神。The judge praised the fi
11、refighters for their bravery and .人们会记住她对扶贫事业的无私奉献。She will be remembered for her selfless of the poor.他悉心照料母亲。He cared for his mother .答案： devotion to duty devotion to the cause with great devotion6. adorev. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱（相当于worship, admire）He adored his wife and children. 他深爱着他的妻儿。常用结构:adore sth./doing
12、 sth.喜欢某物/做某事She adores going to the theatre. 她非常喜欢看戏剧。adoration n.热爱；崇拜；爱慕adorer n.崇拜者；赞美者adorable adj.迷人的，可爱的adoring adj.崇拜的；爱慕的 高手过招用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空They (adore) her as a living goddess.She adores (visit) museums.I would adore (settle) back homeland.答案： adored visiting to settle重点短语7. hold on=hang
13、up别挂电话；坚持；继续联想拓展：hold out维持；坚持；抵抗；幸存hold to坚持（原则，方向等）；紧握hold on to紧紧抓住hold up延误；耽搁；阻挡;承受hold back 退缩；犹豫不定hold off 抵住；挡住；拖延hold on 等一等；坚持hold together 团结一致 高手过招完成句子他犹豫了，记起了自己以前犯下的错。He , remembering the mistake he had made before.他挡住了沃斯不久前的一次挑战，赢了他13秒。He a late challenge by Vose to win by thirteen sec
14、onds.等一会儿，我马上回来! a minute, Ill be right back!该行业正设法留住有经验的工作人员。The industry is trying to experienced staff.英国军队抵挡住了不断的攻击。British troops against constant attacks.答案：held back held off Hold on hold on to held out8. set out陈述；着手；陈列The reasons for my decision are set out in my report.我在报告里逐项陈述了作出决定的原因。Wh
15、en we set out on this project, we know it would be successful.我们着手做这个项目时，就知道它一定会成功。联想拓展：set about sth./doing sth.着手某事/做某事set back妨碍；阻碍set down把放下来；写下；记下set in(气候，季节等)开始set off动身，出发；发射set up竖起；创立 高手过招完成句子这一事件无疑阻碍了研究。This incident undoubtedly the research.长途旅行出发前要检查一下燃油。Check your oil before on a long
16、 journey.这份文件阐明了我们对这项提案的反对意见。This document our objections to the proposal.答案： set back setting off sets out9. hand over to sb.移交责任或权力给某人；把正式移交给某人After handing over to his colleague, Mr Smith resigned from the firm.史密斯先生把权力移交给他的同事后，向公司辞了职。联想拓展：hand sth. down to sb.把传给某人hand sth. on to sb.把传给某人使用hand
17、sth. back to sb.归还某人某物hand sth. in （to sb.）上交；呈交 高手过招完成句子这些技术一直世代相传。These skills have been from generation to generation.把这本杂志传给你的朋友。 the magazine to your friends.她把课本发给新生。She textbooks to the new students.你一定要按时交家庭作业。Make sure you your homework on time. 答案：handed downHand onhanded; outhand in 10. b
18、ring into.把带到某处Please bring all the clothes into your room before you go on a trip.去旅游前，请把所有的衣服收拾到你自己的房间里去。After bringing the thief into the office, he went out alone.把小偷带进办公室后他独自一人出去了。联想拓展：bring about使发生bring down降低；使倒下bring forth生产；分娩bring forward把提前；提出bring in获利；赚得；引进bring on引起；导致；使发展；改善bring up教
19、育；养育；提出；引出；呕吐bring out推销;推出 高手过招完成句子劝捐带来很多捐款。The charity appeal many donations.很不幸，婴儿把吃的东西吐了出来。Unfortunately, the baby his dinner.他神经崩溃是压力所致。His nervous breakdown was by stress.答案：brought in brought up brought about重点句型11. I believe Shackleton must have mourned this unexpected end to his expedition,
20、 but he did not waste time on regrets.我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有浪费时间在遗憾和悔恨中。must have done表示对过去事情的推测，而且是很有把握的推测。He looked great. He must have enjoyed his holiday.他看上去气色很好，一定是度过了一个开心的假期。My coat isnt there, someone must have taken it by mistake. 我的外套不在那儿，一定是有人拿错了。联想拓展：许多情态动词之后跟have done时，都可能有两三种不
21、同的含义，因此要注意根据状语、句子结构以及语境等因素对之进行分析、理解。cant/couldnt have done不可能（对过去的事实作出判断，用于否定句）could have done可能（已经）；本来可以(但没有做。表示：一是把握性不大的推测；二是与事实相反的建议。)may/might have done可能（已经）（表示把握性不大的推测）ought to/should have done本应该（而未做，与事实相反）neednt have done本不需要做(却做了) 高手过招完成句子地面是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。The road is wet. It (rain) last nigh
22、t.你妈妈一定一直在找你。Your mother (look) for you.迈克一定还没有找到他的车，因为早上他是乘公共汽车来上班的。Mike (find) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.我不知道她在哪儿，她有可能在武汉。I dont know where she is, she (be) in Wuhan.答案： must have rained must have been lookingcant have found may be12. For whichever of you has for me the most
23、 devotion I will give to her the best part of everything I own.你们之中谁最爱我，我就把我拥有的最好的东西赠送给谁。whichever无论哪个，任何一个Take whichever hat suits you best. 挑一顶最适合你戴的帽子。Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.你们谁先来，谁就会获得一份奖励。 高手过招翻译句子（用whichever）无论你哪一天来，我们都很高兴。Whichever day you come, we will be pleased to see you. 从它们当中选一个你最喜欢的吧。Choose whichever of them you like best. 你究竟会帮助他们当中的哪一个？Whichever of them are you going to help?
