1、河南省开封市五县联考2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）考生注意：本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第（非选择题）两部分。总分120分，考试时间为120分钟。请在答题卷上作答，答在其它地方一律无效。第卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节。（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APet Therapy ProgramOur program involves trained volunteers and their dogs who visit the children at CHO
2、P. This program gives the children the opportunity to interact safely with the dogs and receive their unconditional love and acceptance in the hope of making the hospital environment more comfortable and less stressful and helping them recover.For the safety of our patients and their families, we as
3、k all possible volunteers to meet the following requirements: Age. You must be 188 years or older, and your dog must be at least one year old. Certification. We require all therapy dogs and handlers have a current therapy certification through Delta Society or Therapy Dogs International. Time commit
4、ment. We ask pet therapy volunteers to commit to a minimum of one two-hour shift (轮班) per month. Health. All volunteers and their dogs are required to be healthy. Volunteers have to receive the seasonal flu vaccine (疫苗), which is provided free of charge at CHOP. Dogs cannot be on a raw food diet at
5、any time during their participation in the program. Dogs must be washed within 24 hours of the visit and dry upon entering the hospital. Restrictions. Volunteers must obey all patient confidentiality (隐私) guidelines and hospital policies. Dogs must be on leash (皮带). For identification purposes, your
6、 dog must wear a piece of colored cloth at all times while in the hospital.If youre interested in our program, please call 215-590-2001 or e-mail PPPTPemail. chop. edu.1. What is CHOP?A. A pet hospital.B. A medical school.C. A childrens hospital.D. A volunteer organization.2. What is the main purpos
7、e of the program?A. To reduce patients pain caused by their diseases.B. To train therapy dogs well enough to serve the patients.C. To make child patients feel comfortable and recover soon.D. To do some research on dogs contribution to medical science.3. What can we learn about the dogs that work for
8、 the program?A. They must be on a diet.B. They must be kept clean and dry.C. They are allowed to walk around freely in the hospital.D. They must wear colored clothes to attract peoples attention.【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一家儿童医院实施的宠物康复项目，其目的是为了让医院的环境更舒适，儿童病人压力更小，以帮助他们康复。还介绍了为了患者及其家属的安全
9、，要求所有志愿者满足的要求。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据后文“This program gives the children the opportunity to interact safely with the dogs and receive their unconditional love and acceptance in the hope of making the hospital environment more comfortable and less stressful and helping them recover.(这个项目让孩子们有机会安全地与狗狗互动，并得到他们无条
10、件的爱和接纳，希望能让医院的环境更舒适，压力更小，帮助他们康复。)”可知，这个项目开展的目的是为了在生病住院的孩子们。因此推知，CHOP应是儿童医院。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“This program gives the children the opportunity to interact safely with the dogs and receive their unconditional love and acceptance in the hope of making the hospital environment more comfortable a
11、nd less stressful and helping them recover.(这个项目让孩子们有机会安全地与狗狗互动，并得到他们无条件的爱和接纳，希望能让医院的环境更舒适，压力更小，帮助他们康复。)”可知，该项目的目的是为了让医院环境更舒适，从而有助于孩子的康复。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Health部分内容“Dogs must be washed within 24 hours of the visit and dry upon entering the hospital.”可知，狗必须在24小时内清洗，并在进入医院时动物的猫2是干燥的。故选B项。【点睛】细节理解题
12、 考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。一般而言，事实细节题采用寻读法定位原文内容，将原文内容与选项进行对比分析，其同义表达即为答案。比如文章第2小题：2. What is the main purpose of the program? A. To reduce patients pain caused by their diseases. B. To train therapy dogs well enough
13、to serve the patients. C. To make child patients feel comfortable and recover soon. D. To do some research on dogs contribution to medical science.确定题干关键词“main purpose”，利用寻读法定位到原文内容：in the hope of making the hospital environment more comfortable and less stressful and helping them recover，将其与选项进行分析对
14、比可知，选项C“To make child patients feel comfortable and recover soon.”为其同义表达。因此C项为答案。BMany healthy women in their late 70s tie up their walking shoelaces (鞋带) or hiking boots to stay active. But not Suzelle Poole. Six days week, the willowy (苗条的) 78-year-old Dallas ballet instructor laces up her dance s
15、hoes and teaches classical ballet, as shes done for decades.Madame Poole, as her students call her, also regularly performs ballet throughout the Dallas area as a guest artist with local dance companies. And she dances at the assisted-living centers along with her students. “People in care centers c
16、an relate to me because Im about the same age.” Poole said, “I hope to get them interested in exercise. Plus, I enjoy showing them that it is never too late to do something you love.”Ballet has always seemed as natural to her as breathing, she said, beginning with the first day when she took lessons
17、 at age 7 in London, where she was born. “I loved it from the start,” she said. “and when my parents took me to watch the well-known Margot Fonteyn in a ballet, I just knew it was something wanted to be a part of forever.”Because 30 is the average age for most dancers to retire, Poole said, she thou
18、ght she would be lucky to continue performing into her late 20s. Nobody was more surprised than she was when she continued to dance into her 40s, 50s and beyond. “I didnt set out to be dancing ballet in my 70s,” she said, “but Im certainly happy that it turned out that way. I have strong feet, stron
19、g knees and very strong back.” she added.4. How is Suzelle Poole different from those of her age?A. She often goes for walk.B. She starts learning ballet late.C. She keeps fit through dancing.D. She loves collecting hiking boots.5. Why does Suzelle Poole dance in care centers?A. To meet dance compan
20、ies requirement.B. To motivate people there to stay active.C. To support her students volunteer work.D. To make friends with some people there.6. According to the text, we know that Margot Fonteyn _.A. informed Suzelle Pooles parents about her talentB. continued dancing ballet with Suzelle Poole on
21、stageC. taught Suzelle Poole to dance ballet for several yearsD. inspired Suzelle Poole to devote her whole life to ballet7. What can we say about Suzelle Pooles dancing ballet in her 70s?A. It is out of her expectation.B. It is her original dream.C. It earns her nothing but reputation.D. It has lit
22、tle to do with her health.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了Suzelle Poole在70多岁的时候仍然坚持跳芭蕾舞的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“But not Suzelle Poole. Six days week, the willowy 78-year-old Dallas ballet instructor laces up her dance shoes and teaches classical ballet, as shes done for decades.(但Suze
23、lle Poole不是。这位78岁、身材纤瘦的达拉斯芭蕾舞教练每周6天系上舞鞋，教授古典芭蕾，就像她几十年来一直做的那样。)”可知，78岁的Suzelle Poole不同于同龄人之处是通过跳舞保持健康。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第二段内容“I hope to get them interested in exercise. Plus, I enjoy showing them that it is never too late to do something you love.(我希望能让他们对运动产生兴趣。另外，我喜欢向他们展示，做自己喜欢的事情永远不会太迟。)”可知，她在护
24、理中心跳舞是为了能让那里的老人们对运动有兴趣，从而保持他们的活力。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“when my parents took me to watch the well-known Margot Fonteyn in a ballet, I just knew it was something wanted to be a part of forever.( 当我的父母带我去看著名的Margot Fonteyn的芭蕾舞时，我就知道这是我永远想要参与的事情。)”可推知，Margot Fonteyn的舞蹈使她确定终生投身于芭蕾舞。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。
25、根据文章末尾段内容：“I didnt set out to be dancing ballet in my 70s,” she said, “but Im certainly happy that it turned out that way.(“在70多岁的时候，我并没有打算去跳芭蕾，”她说，“但我很高兴最终变成了那样。”)可知，本没有打算跳芭蕾舞，但70多岁还可以跳芭蕾舞对于她来说是很高兴的，由此可推知这样的结果是出乎她预料的。故选A项。【点睛】细节理解题 考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到
26、。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。比如文章的第1小题：1. How is Suzelle Poole different from those of her age? A. She often goes for walk. B. She starts learning ballet late. C. She keeps fit through dancing. D. She loves collecting hiking boots.细节理解题。根据题干关键词“different from”定位到原文第一段内容“Many healthy wom
27、en in their late 70s tie up their walking shoelaces or hiking boots to stay active. But not Suzelle Poole. Six days week, the willowy 78-year-old Dallas ballet instructor laces up her dance shoes and teaches classical ballet, as shes done for decades.”可知，同龄人会系上她们的步行鞋带或登山靴来保持活力，但与她们不同，78岁的Suzelle Poo
28、le会选择跳舞。根据该信息组织自己的语句可知，选项C“She keeps fit through dancing.”与原文为同义表达。因此C项为答案。CFrom Mozart to Metallica, tons of people enjoy listening to various types of music while they paint, write, or draw. Many believe that music helps improve creativity, but an international study conducted by English and Swedi
29、sh researchers and published in the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology is challenging that notion. Psychologists from Lancaster University, the University of Gavle, and the University of Central Lancashire say that their findings indicate music actually prevents creativity.To come to their conclus
30、ions, researchers had participants complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room, and then again while music played in the background. They found that background music obviously weakened the participants ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativ
31、ity. The research team also tested background music such as those commonly heard in a library, but found that such music had no impact on participants creativity.The tasks were simple word game. For example, participants were given three words, such as dress, dial, and flower. Then, they were asked
32、to find a single word associated with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word. The single word in this case, would be “sun” (sundress, sunflower, etc.). Participants completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while exposed to three different types of music: music with un
33、familiar lyrics (歌词), instrumental music, or music with familiar lyrics.“We found strong evidence of imperfect performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions,” said co-author Dr. Neil McLatchie. Dr. McLatchie and his colleagues conclude that music even familia
34、r music with well-known lyrics disturbs the participants focus, preventing creativity. Also, as for the library background music having seemingly no effect, the studys authors believe that was the case because library music creates a “steady state” environment that doesnt affect concentration.8. Wha
35、t does the underlines word “notion” in Paragraph mean?A. suggestionB. opinionC. principleD. theory9. Except the library background music how many background conditions were created for the participants?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5.D. 6.10. Whats the purpose of the study about music?A. To prove that music is benef
36、icial to peoples health.B. To make it known that music can improve peoples memory.C. To test whether music is beneficial for creativity or not.D. To indicate why background music in library is popular.11. Which of the following is actually disturbed by background music?A. Patience.B. Hearing ability
37、.C. Environment.D. Concentration.【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要从科学研究的角度分析了与传统观点不同，音乐并非有助于提高创造力，反而分散了人的注意力，阻碍了创造力的发展。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词之前的指示代词“that”可知，that notion应是指代前文“Many believe that music helps improve creativity”提及的许多人认为音乐有助于提高创造力这一观点，划线单词所在句“but an international study conducted
38、 by English and Swedish researchers and published in the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology is challenging that notion”则表达了一项由英国和瑞典研究人员进行并发表在应用认知心理学杂志上的国际研究对“音乐有助于提高创造力”这一观点提出了质疑。由此推知，notion应是“观点；看法”含义。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Participants completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while exp
39、osed to three different types of music: music with unfamiliar lyrics, instrumental music, or music with familiar lyrics.”可知，参与者要么在一个安静的房间里完成任务，要么听三种不同类型的音乐：歌词不熟悉的音乐、器乐或歌词熟悉的音乐，由此可知，这是在四种不同的情况下进行的研究。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知“Psychologists from Lancaster University, the University of Gavle, and th
40、e University of Central Lancashire say that their findings indicate music actually prevents creativity.(来自兰开斯特大学、加夫勒大学和中央兰开夏大学的心理学家称，他们的研究结果表明，音乐实际上会抑制创造力。)”以及文章第二段内容“To come to their conclusions, researchers had participants complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a
41、 quiet room, and then again while music played in the background.(为了得出结论，研究人员让参与者坐在一个安静的房间里完成旨在激发创造力的语言问题，然后让他们在播放音乐的背景下完成。)”可知，这些心理学家专门针对音乐能否有助于激发创造力进行研究，结果发现音乐实际上阻碍了创造力的产生。由此推知，研究音乐的目的是为了证明这一结论：音乐实际上阻碍了创造力的产生。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容：Dr. McLatchie and his colleagues conclude that music even fa
42、miliar music with well-known lyrics disturbs the participants focus, preventing creativity. Also, as for the library background music having seemingly no effect, the studys authors believe that was the case because library music creates a “steady state” environment that doesnt affect concentration.可
43、知，音乐，即使是熟悉的歌词，也会干扰参与者的注意力，阻碍创造力。图书馆的背景音乐之所以对人的创造力没有影响主要是因为这种音乐创造了一种“稳定状态”，不会干扰注意力。由此可知，音乐对人的创造力的阻碍主要因为专注程度或注意力受到了影响。故选D项。【点睛】细节理解题 考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。数字计算题的方法：审题带着问题找细节对比、分析、计算。本文的数字计算题很简单：2.Except the library
44、background music, how many background conditions were created for the participants? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.审题得出问题关键词“background conditions were created”，利用略读法找到文章细节“Participants completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while exposed to three different types of music: music with unfamiliar lyri
45、cs, instrumental music, or music with familiar lyrics.”，分析可知，创造出的背景环境为：“a quiet room”，“music with unfamiliar lyrics”，“instrumental music”和“music with familiar lyrics”，计算可得答案为4。故选B项。DJuili Kale was looking forward to receiving her masters degree at Arizona State University. She planned to invite her
46、family living in India to the United States for her graduation ceremony. But then, in March, the coronavirus pandemic ended those plans as schools nationwide closed to stop the spread. Kales dream came crashing down. Yet the graduation ceremony is taking placejust not as she expected.University offi
47、cials have turned to robots so Arizona State graduates and their families can take part in the event online. Cameras recorded images of Kale and about 140 other graduates online this month. They were wearing robes and mortar board caps. They took turns moving a robot at the university that held an e
48、ye-level display showing their face. With the help of the robot, they stepped forward to receive their diplomas and take pictures. The robots are from Double Robotics, a company based in Burlingame, California Before the health crisis, they had been used to help people attend funerals and even marri
49、age ceremonies without traveling.Sanjeev Khagram is dean of Arizona States Thunderbird School of Global Management. He told the Reuters news agency the video-a “bittersweet” experiencewas recorded and produced over two days. “It may not have been ideal for the students,” Khagram admitted, “but we wa
50、nt to show that we did everything that we could to celebrate them. When the crisis is over, the class of 2020 can do a real-life walk at any future graduation ceremony they choose.”Kale planned to throw a “watch party” her husband at home and her family in India. Getting used to the online experienc
51、e was easy for Nancy Sierras Morales. “We have been able to adapt very quickly because we are used to being on a computer and on the phone almost like 24 hours 7 days,” the 22-year-old said. She said that, “while it is not the best, it is coolto be like the first class ever to do this.”“Im disappoin
52、ted,” said 41-year-old Douglas Northcott. He is graduating with a masters degree in applied leadership and management. He looked forward to the real thing.12. What had the robots mainly been used for before the graduation ceremony?A. Saving travelling for people to attend ceremonies like wedding.B.
53、Hosting all kinds of ceremonies for people unable to travel.C. Helping professors with their teaching plans in universities.D. Amusing people during their travelling to funerals.13. According to Sanjeev Khagram, to have a real graduation ceremony, the 2020 graduates can _.A. throw an online “watch p
54、arty”B. attend any future graduation ceremonyC. hold another real one by themselvesD. do everything they can to celebrate14. According to the text, _ made a fast adjustment to the new situation.A. Juili KaleB. Sanjeev KhagramC. Nancy Sierras MoralesD. Douglas Northcott15 What is the best title for t
55、he text?A. A disappointing graduation ceremony.B. A graduation ceremony with the help of robots.C. multifunctional robot from Double Robotics.D. A special experience of students in the health crisis.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了疫情期间2020届毕业生特殊的毕业典礼：在机器人的帮助之下完成的毕业典礼。【12题详解】细节理解题。
56、根据文章第二段内容“they had been used to help people attend funerals and even marriage ceremonies without traveling”可知，它们曾被用来帮助人们参加葬礼，甚至是婚礼，不需要（本人）亲自到场，避免“舟车劳顿”。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“When the crisis is over, the class of 2020 can do a real-life walk at any future graduation ceremony they choose.”可知，当疫情
57、危机结束后，2020年这一届毕业生可以选择在将来的任何一场毕业典礼上亲临现场，重新进行一次真实的毕业典礼体验。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“We have been able to adapt very quickly because we are used to being on a computer and on the phone almost like 24 hours 7 days(我们适应得非常快，因为我们已经习惯了每天24小时都在电脑和电话上)”可知，Nancy Sierras Morales对新形势适应很快。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章
58、可知，文章主要介绍了疫情期间2020届毕业生特殊的毕业典礼：在机器人的帮助之下完成的毕业典礼。全文关键词为“graduation ceremony”，“robot”，“online”，选项B“A graduation ceremony with the help of robots.”合理概括了文章主旨。故选B项。【点睛】事实细节题在阅读理解题中，有相当一部分属于事实或细节题。这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案；另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、
59、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。比如文章的第1小题：1. What had the robots mainly been used for before the graduation ceremony? A Saving travelling for people to attend ceremonies like wedding. B. Hosting all kinds of ceremonies for people unable to travel. C. Helping professors with their teaching plans in universit
60、ies. D. Amusing people during their travelling to funerals.根据题干信息定位到文章原文内容：they had been used to help people attend funerals and even marriage ceremonies without traveling，即：在无需本人亲自到现场的情况下，曾被用来帮助人们参加葬礼，甚至是婚礼。经过分析对比各选项，可知A项“Saving travelling for people to attend ceremonies like wedding.”为原文的同义转述，“att
61、end ceremonies like wedding”对应原文“attend funerals and even marriage ceremonies”，“Saving travelling”对应原文“without traveling”。故A项为答案。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Somebody whos walking barefoot means that he or she is not dressed in anything on his or her feet when walkin
62、g. _16_. However, to the rest of the people around the world, it is a way of life. Since man is designed to walk with bare feet, barefoot walking does have a lot of health benefits as follows. It helps you focus on the present. It is hard to imagine walking in bare feet carelessly and without being
63、careful of your steps. Barefoot walking helps you focus on the present, be aware of every step and know what is in front of you in the present moment. _17_ It helps to strengthen your legs. _18_, youre protected from knee injuries and back pain. This added strength also helps to give you good postur
64、e and perfect balance. It helps to stimulate (刺激) the reflex points (反射点) in your feet. _19_. Barefoot walking helps to stimulate these reflex points. This in turn, promotes blood flow to the organs connected to them. Improved circulation can actually help to keep your organs in good health. _20_. B
65、arefoot walking stimulates the pituitary gland (脑下垂体) to release endorphins, the natural pain killing hormone, which also to provide relief.In a word, barefoot walking can be good for your overall health. Therefore, you can do it on the beach, on the grass, and even in your own backyard.A. With stro
66、ng feet and legsB. For people in modern societies, barefoot walking is an exerciseC. It helps to relieve stress and anxietyD. It helps you have a good sleep at nightE. An effective way to strengthen your legs is to go barefoot walkingF. So barefoot walking assists in keeping the peace of your mindG.
67、 Your feet are connected to all parts of your body through reflex points【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了赤脚行走给人带来的健康益处。【16题详解】根据后文“However, to the rest of the people around the world, it is a way of life.”可知，然而，对世界上其他的人来说，赤脚走路是一种生活方式，由此推知设空句应提及赤脚走路的意义，选项B“For people in modern soci
68、eties, barefoot walking is an exercise”提及了对于现代社会的人们来说，赤脚走路是一种锻炼，“people in modern societies”与后文的“the rest of the people”相呼应，“barefoot walking is an exercise”与后文“it is a way of life”相呼应，符合语境判断。故选B项。【17题详解】根据本段主旨句“It helps you focus on the present.”可知，本段在讲述赤脚走路有助于专注力的集中，设空在段末，应是呼应且总结该主旨。选项F“So barefoo
69、t walking assists in keeping the peace of your mind”意为“赤脚走路有助于保持内心的平静”，句中“keeping the peace of your mind”呼应主旨“focus”。故选F项。【18题详解】设空句紧跟在主旨句之后，应是对其进行进一步的解释说明。根据主旨句“It helps to strengthen your legs”可知，赤脚走路可以强壮腿部，因此设空句应呼应主题“strengthen your legs”且后文“youre protected from knee injuries and back pain.(你可以避免
70、膝盖受伤和背部疼痛。)”提及了强壮的腿部可以带来的好处。选项A“With strong feet and legs(有强壮的脚和腿)”为with复合结构，可以与后文衔接，作其状语，使句意完整，且呼应主题“strengthen your legs”。故选A项。【19题详解】设空句在主旨句“It helps to stimulate the reflex points in your feet.(它有助于刺激你脚上的反射点。)”之后，应是对其进行进一步的解释，即：解释为什么要刺激脚上的反射点。选项G“Your feet are connected to all parts of your body
71、 through reflex points”解释了（因为）脚部通过反射点与身体的各个部位相连，刺激脚步可以对身体有益。故选G项。【20题详解】设空句为主旨句。根据后文“Barefoot walking stimulates the pituitary gland to release endorphins, the natural pain killing hormone, which also to provide relief.(赤脚行走刺激脑下垂体释放内啡肽，内啡肽是一种天然的止痛激素，也能缓解疼痛。)”可知，后文详细介绍了赤脚走路可起到“缓解”作用，因此作为主旨句应包括核心词汇“缓解
72、”。选项C“It helps to relieve stress and anxiety”概括了赤脚走路有助于缓解压力和焦虑，符合本段主旨。故选C项。第二部分：英语语言知识运用（共二节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Were encouraged to be nice to other people. However, many people _21_ to be nice to the environment. Nature has _2
73、2_ the alarm and global warming is quite a big _23_ today in the 21st century. Carbon dioxide is the largest pollutant. That _24_ causes greenhouse gases to stay in the earths atmosphere, _25_ the temperature of the globe, causing abnormal weather and melting glaciers in the north and south.Simple t
74、hings we can do every day can help _26_ the earth, prevent the extinction of animals such as the polar bear, and make the earth a _27_ place to live in for us and future generations to come.Ive found tons of carbon dioxide are sent out by cars every day, _28_ to the climate crisis. So I decide to ta
75、ke _29_ now to publicize the danger of carbon dioxide, or _30_ do something worthwhile to help slow the rise of the weather.There are many ways for me to help reduce global warming. I often choose public _31_, buses, for example. This can _32_ money and energy. I prefer to bike or walk whenever I ca
76、n. Somehow, Ive _33_ my body and grown muscles _34_ the preference. If I have to go to a place and I cant walk, Ill share a car with others. I feel very _35_ that New York city has decided to popularize hybrid (混合的) buses.I also try to _36_ friends and family to do the same in order to reduce carbon
77、 dioxide release. If everyone does something to help, together we can make a _37_.People who are interested can visit the _38_ www.environmentaldefense.org to work with me. Im _39_ for everyones support and lets fight together to make the earth healthy, _40_ and free from pollution.21. A. resolveB.
78、hurryC. swearD. forget22. A. shutB. soundedC. preferredD. broken23. A. threatB. opportunityC. mysteryD. fantasy24. A. populationB. solidC. pollutionD. surface25. A. increasingB. recordingC. reducingD. maintaining26. A. destroyB. preserveC. decorateD. acknowledge27. A. quieterB. hotterC. betterD. lar
79、ger28. A. leadingB. admittingC. adaptingD. applying29. A. breathB. actionC. coverD. offer30. A. neverB. soC. everD. even31. A. transportationB. spaceC. justificationD. entertainment32. A. produceB. combineC. economizeD. employ33. A. enquired aboutB. pulled upC. cared aboutD. built up34. A. as forB.
80、thanks toC. except forD. regardless of35. A. absurdB. annoyedC. delightedD. sensitive36. A. forbidB. urgeC. warnD. permit37. A. profitB. promiseC. betD. difference38. A. siteB. itemC. channelD. charity-39. A. guiltyB. qualifiedC. hungryD. noted40. A. autonomousB. digitalC. enormousD. clean【答案】21. D
81、22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. D【解析】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。很多人忘记了善待环境。全球变暖是一个相当大的问题。作者建议从我做起，低碳出行；保护环境，人人有责。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，很多人忘了对环境友好。 A. resolve解决； B. hurry 匆忙； C. swear 诅咒，发誓； D. forget忘记。结合前一句：我们被鼓励善待他人。本句中however,然而，可
82、知，之后的内容和前面的内容相反。选项 D 符合题意。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自然界敲响了警钟，在21世纪的今天，全球变暖是一个相当大的威胁。 A. shut关闭；B. sounded 发出声音； C. preferred偏爱；D. broken破坏。根据上下文可知，大自然已经发出了（ sounded）警报。选项B符合题意。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. threat威胁； B. opportunity 机会；C. mystery 神秘； D. fantasy幻想。结合下句，二氧化碳是最大的污染物，可知，这使得全球变暖是一个相当大的威胁。选项
83、A符合题意。故选A 。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：污染导致温室气体留在地球的大气层中，增加了地球的温度，造成了不正常的天气和南北冰川的融化。句意：A. population人口； B. solid 固体； C. pollution 污染；D. surface表面。根据上文中的关键词“pollutant”可知，二氧化碳污染（ pollution ）导致温室气体滞留在地球的大气层中，升高了（increasing）全球气温，导致气候异常，融化了南北极冰川。选项C符合题意。故选 C 。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. increasing增加 B. recording记
84、录； C. reducing减少； D. maintaining保持。结合本句后半句，causing abnormal weather and melting glaciers in the north and south. 造成了不正常的天气和南北冰川的融化。可知，这些污染物使全球的温度是增加了，选项A符合题意。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每天可以做的简单的事情可以帮助保护地球, A. destroy破坏； B. preserve 保护； C. decorate装饰； D. acknowledge感谢。结合后半句 prevent the extinction of
85、animals such as the polar bear, 阻止像北极熊这样的动物灭绝，可知，这些简单的事情是对地球的保护。选项B符合题意。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：防止像北极熊这样的动物灭绝，让地球成为我们和子孙后代更好的居住地。 A. quieter更安静的； B. hotter 更热的； C. better 更好的；D. larger更大的。根据本句后半句内容可知，为了我们和下一代能够居住，这是有利的地方，所以此处表达的意思是让地球成为一个更利于（better ）居住的地方。选项C符合题意。故选。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现汽车每天排放大
86、量的二氧化碳，导致了气候危机。A. leading 引起，导致； B. admitting 承认； C. adapting 适应； D. applying应用。根据上文可知，每天汽车排出大量的二氧化碳，应给是导致气候危机。选项A 符合题意。故选 A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定现在就采取行动，宣传二氧化碳的危害，或者做一些有意义的事情来减缓气候的上升。A. breath呼吸；B. action 行动； C. cover 封面；D. offer提议。take breath呼吸； take action 采取行动；根据publicize the danger of carb
87、on dioxide可知,“我”决定现在就采取行动（action），公开二氧化碳的危害.故选 B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. never从来没有； B. so 如此；C. ever 曾经；D. even甚至。根据语境，语意上是比之前采取行动程度更深，做一些有意义的事情。与上一句为递进关系。故选D 。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常选择公共交通工具，比如公共汽车。A. transportation交通 ； B. space 空间 ；C. justification正当理由； D. entertainment娱乐。根据下文中的提示词“ buses”可知，此处
88、应该指公共交通（transportation）。选项A符合题意。故选 A 。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样可以节省金钱和能源。A. produce 制造；B. combine结合； C. economize 节省，节约；D. employ雇佣。根据上文可知“我”选择的交通方式是公共交通，按照常识，这样可以节省（economize ）钱和能源。选项C符合题意。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不知何故，由于这种偏好，我强健了身体，锻炼出了肌肉。A. enquired about 询问，打听；B. pulled up 减速停下； C. cared about
89、担心，关心； D. built up增强。根据grown muscles 可知，身体和肌肉是通过这样的方式增强了。选项D 符合题意。故选 D。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. as for关于，至于； B. thanks to 幸亏； C. except for 除了之外； D. regardless of不管，不顾。根据 I prefer to bike or walk whenever I can以及结合前半句，肌肉和身体是通过这样的方式增强了，这些都是多亏了自己的偏好。选项B 符合题意。故选 B 。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴纽约市决定推广混
90、合动力公交车。A. absurd荒谬的，可笑的；B. annoyed 恼怒的； C. delighted 高兴的；D. sensitive体贴的。结合本句后半句，纽约市决定推广混合动力公交车，这对于减少温室效应是保护了地球。联系上文得知，作者决定采取行动，甚至做一些有意义的事情来减缓气温的上升。因而作为作者对此行为是赞同的，是高兴的。选项C 符合题意。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少二氧化碳的排放，我也试图敦促朋友和家人也这样做。A. forbid禁止； B. urge 敦促； C. warn 警告；D. permit许可，允许；根据本句后半句，可知，下文可知，为了减
91、少二氧化碳的排放，应该是“我”也试着督促（urge）朋友和家人这样做。选项 B 符合题意。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果每个人都能帮上忙，我们就能改变世界。A. profit 利润； B. promise承诺； C. bet打赌； D. difference影响。固定搭配make a difference，有影响，有意义。根据上下文可知，如果每个人都做一些有利环境的事，大家一起就能有所作为，就能改变世界。选项 D符合题意。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有兴趣的人可以访问网站 www.environmentaldefense.org 和我一起工作。A.
92、 site网站； B. item 项目，物品； C. channel 频道；D. charity慈善。根据下文中的网址www.environmentalde fense.org 可知，此处填入网站（site）最合适。选项A符合题意。故选A 项。 【39题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我渴望每个人的支持，让我们一起努力，让地球变得健康，干净，没有污染。A. guilty愧疚的； B. qualified 合格的； C. hungry渴望的； D. noted闻名的。be hungry for“渴望得到，渴求”； be guilty for“因而愧疚”；be qualified for“有资格
93、；能胜任”， be noted for“ 因而闻名”，根据上文得知，If everyone does something to help, together we can make a _17_ .作者想到每个人要都支持的话，就会改变世界。所以此处是渴望得到每个人的支持。选项 C符合题意。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. autonomous自治的； B. digital数码的； C. enormous 巨大的； D. clean干净的。根据本句后半句free from pollution ，远离污染，可知此处指的是干净的地球，选项D符合题意。故选D。 第卷第二节（
94、共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。Learning any language needs practice-lots of practise! It is of great _41_ (significant) to practise English on a daily basis, _42_ will help you make it a habit to study English.Listen to and read English every day. There _43_
95、 (be) a number of beginner-level listening and reading materials that you can use. Books _44_ (write) for children are also a great idea.Open your mouth and speak even if you only speak to _45_ (you). Speak out loud. Try to quickly summarize _46_ you have heard or read. Of course, its better if you
96、can do this _47_ a friend. Find a friend and talk in English together a few times a week.Take thirty minutes every day _48_ at least four times a week _49_ (practise) your English! If you continue to do this, you _50_ (find) how amazingly your English improves!【答案】41. significance 42. which 43. are
97、44. written 45. yourself 46. what 47. with 48. or 49. to practice/ practise 50. will find【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了提高英语水平的方法，包括练习材料的选择，练习的方法，以及坚持练习才能够有效提高英语水平。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：每天练习英语是很重要的，这将帮助你养成学习英语的习惯。分析可知，空前great为形容词，所填空应是名词。“be of great+抽象名词”相当于“be+(very)+adj.”，意为“非常”。故填significance。【42题详解】考查非限制性定语从句
98、。句意：每天练习英语是很重要的，这将帮助你养成学习英语的习惯。分析可知，“It is of great _1_ (significant) to practise English on a daily basis”为之前主句的非限制性定语从句，主句为先行词，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，意为“这”。故填which。【43题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：有许多你可以使用的初学者水平的听力和阅读材料。分析可知，所填空句式为“there be”句式中的be，采用就近原则，结合文中时态为一般现在时，主语“a number of beginner-level listening and
99、reading materials that you can use(一些你可以使用的初学者水平的听力和阅读材料)”为复数概念，因此be动词应是are。故填are。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为孩子们写的书也是个不错的主意。分析可知，句中已存在谓语“are”，因此“_4_ (write) for children”应是之前名词“Books”的后置定语，与其之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填written。【45题详解】考查反身代词。句意：即使你只对自己说，也要开口说话。分析可知，所填空应是宾语，根据提供词“you”可知，与主语you（你）相同，因此应用反身代词。故填yourself
100、。【46题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：尽量快速总结你所听到或读到的内容。分析可知，“_6_ you have heard or read”应是宾语从句，从句中谓语“have heard or read”缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。【47题详解】考查介词。句意：当然，如果你能和朋友一起这样做会更好。分析可知，空后为名词，所填空应是介词起到媒介连接的作用从而使句意完整，“介词+a friend”在句中担当伴随状语。根据后文“Find a friend and talk in English together a few times a week.(找一个朋友，每周一起用英语交
101、谈几次。)”可知，这里应是强调与朋友一起练习英语。故填with。【48题详解】考查连词。句意：每天花三十分钟或至少一星期四次来练习你的英语! 分析可知，空前“every day”与空后“at least four times a week”为并列选择关系，应用表达选择逻辑的并列连词or。故填or。【49题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：每天花三十分钟或至少一星期四次来练习你的英语! take time to do sth，固定结构，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填to practice/ practise。【50题详解】考查时态。句意：如果你继续这样做，你会发现你英语有多么惊人的提高! 分析可知，“I
102、f you continue to do this”应是条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句为一般将来时。故填will find。【点睛】考查语法点：代词的基本用法因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（不能作主语）等。比如文章的第5小题：Open your mouth and speak even if you only speak to _5_ (you).speak to sb.固定结构，意
103、为“跟某人说话”，因此所填空应是宾语。考虑提示词you应是与主语you一致，因此应用反身代词。故答案为yourself。第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）51. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Patsy Smith has raised ducks for many years.
104、One of her ducks, Peg, losing one of his legs from a fight with a dog. Mrs. Smith advertised to find someone to create new leg for Peg. Three students thought they would probable use their 3D printer to create one for him! They spent several months create and testing different model. It turned out t
105、o be lot more difficult than they had thought. Luckily, their hard work paid off and they were created a model, who fitted Peg perfectly! Now, Peg can walk or even run just like her duck friends. Mrs. Smith is very grateful for them.【答案】1.losinglost2.new 前加a3.probableprobably4.createcreating5.modelm
106、odels6.删掉were7.whowhich8.orand 9.herhis10.forto【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Pasty Smith的一只鸭子失去了一只腿，得到了三个学生的3D打印的帮助而重新获得了“假肢”的故事。【详解】1.考查句子成分。句意：她的一只叫Peg的鸭子在和狗打架时失去了一条腿。分析可知，句子中主语为“One of her ducks, Peg”，但句子没有谓语，使得句子不完整，由此分析“失去”应是句子谓语成分，时态为一般过去时。故将losing改为lost。2.考查冠词。句意：史密斯太太登广告要找人为佩格造一条新腿。分析可知，“new leg”应是
107、泛指，需要不定冠词作限定词。故在new前加a。3.考查副词。句意：三个学生认为他们可能会用他们的3D打印机为他创造一个!分析可知，副词作状语修饰之后的动词“use”。故将probable改为probably。4.考查动名词。句意：他们花了几个月的时间创建和测试不同的模型。分析可知，spend time (in) doing，固定结构，意为“花费时间做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故将create改为creating。5.考查名词复数。句意：他们花了几个月的时间创建和测试不同的模型。分析可知，different，形容词，意为“不同的”，之后应用复数形式。故将model改为models。6考查
108、语态和句子结构。句意：幸运的是，他们的努力得到了回报，他们被创造了一个模型，完美地适合Peg! 分析可知，句子主语they与谓语created之间为主动关系，该句应是主动句，不应用被动结构。故将were删掉。7考查定语从句。句意：幸运的是，他们的努力得到了回报，他们被创造了一个模型，完美地适合Peg! 分析可知，“who fitted Peg perfectly”应是之前名词a model的定语从句，先行词为物，从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故将who改为which。8考查连词。句意：现在，Peg可以像他的鸭子朋友一样走路甚至跑。分析可知，walk与之后的动词run应是并列递进关系
109、，应用并列连词and连接。故将or改为and。9. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：现在，Peg可以像他的鸭子朋友一样走路甚至跑。分析可知，前文“One of her ducks, Peg, losing one of his legs from a fight with a dog”和“Three students thought they would probable use their 3D printer to create one for him! ”在描述Peg时，使用了“his”和“him”，保持人称一致，本句中“her duck friends”应是“his duck friend
110、s”。故将her改为his。10.考查介词。句意：史密斯太太对他们非常感激。be grateful to sb.，固定结构，意为“感激某人”。故将for改为to。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 2022年北京张家口冬奥会将如期在北京和张家口举行。为了确保冬奥会圆满成功, 组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华, 希望能成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信, 内容包括:1. 个人情况;2. 自身优势;3. 服务承诺。注意:1. 词数100左右;2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3. 开头和结尾已为你写好, 不计入总词数。参考词汇:2022北京张家口冬奥会2022 B
111、ejing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic GamesDear Sir/ Madam,My name is Li Hua._Thank you!Yours faithfully,Li Hua【答案】Dear Sir/ Madam,My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games. Im a boy of eighteen years old from a high school. My spoken English
112、 is good and I can communicate with foreigners fluently. Whats more, I have other advantagesIm especially fond of sports, familiar with Beijing, good at communication and always glad to help others. Im willing to pro-vide the best service for every athlete in the Winter Olympic Games. Therefore, I t
113、hink Im suitable for serving the Games. I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer.Thank you!Yours faithfully, Li Hua【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。 【详解】 第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，2022年北京张家口冬奥会将如期在北京和张家口举行。为了确保冬奥会圆满成功, 组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华, 希望能成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给
114、组委会写一封申请信, 内容包括: 1. 个人情况; 2. 自身优势; 3. 服务承诺。 第二，人称为第一人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为两段。第一段，1. 个人情况;2. 自身优势;3. 服务承诺。第二段，表达期望。 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: work as，communicate with，be fond of, be suitable for. 第四步：确定较为高级的句子:省略that的宾语从句 Therefore, I think Im suitable for serving the Games. it做形式宾语
115、I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer. 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:besides ,however,finally. Whats more. 第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。 【点睛】 文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: 省略that的宾语从句 Therefore, I think Im suitable for serving the Games. it做形式宾语I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer. 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。