1、龙岩市2019- 2020年第一学期期末高二教学质量检查英语试题第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。AIn recent days, Americans have lost two civil rights leaders of the twentieth century, Dorothy Height and Benjamin Hooks.Dorothy Height died this Tuesday at the age of ninety-eight. She w
2、itnessed more civil rights history than any other African-American leader of her time. She said the greatest change she witnessed was the ending of racial segregation(隔离) laws in the United States.She was the longtime chairwoman of the National Council of Negro Women. She was an activist, humanitari
3、an and advisor to presidents including Barack Obama. He remembered her as “The godmother of the Civil Rights Movement.”Dorothy Height grew up in Pennsylvania. She won a four-year college scholarship, the top prize nationally in a public speaking contest on the Constitution.She arrived at school in N
4、ew York City-only to learn that an unwritten limit of “two Negro students per year”had already been met. Dorothy Height: “I was accepted at Barnard College and I was denied admission when I arrived because they had a quota(指标) of two. And they did not know that I was not white. And so when I got the
5、re I was turned away.”Dorothy Height went on to earn bachelor and masters degrees in four years at New York University. She worked with Marin Luther King Junior in the push for civil rights for blacks in the nineteen fifties and sixties.Yet she had to push to make herself heard as a woman among most
6、ly male civil rights leaders. She was the only woman standing nearby as Martin Luther King gave his “I Have a Dream” speech in WashingtonDorothy Height received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal for her work for racial and gender equality.1. Which of the following be
7、st shows Dorothys suffering?A. Dying of old age.B. Being a consultant to Obama.C. Being rejected by Barnard College.D. Joining King Junior in fighting for blacks.2. What can be inferred from the last but one paragraph?A. Dorothy Height was eager to be a civil rights leader.B. It was difficult for th
8、en women to voice their opinions.C. Dorothy made a difference in King Juniors life.D. Dorothy was the best woman of her time.3. What is probably the writing style of the passage?A. News report.B. Biography.C. Fiction.D. Scientific journal.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了民权运动的教母多萝西海特通过一生努力，为实现种族和
9、性别平等做出的卓越贡献。【1题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第五段“Dorothy Height: I was accepted at Barnard College and I was denied admission when I arrived because they had a quota(指标) of two. And they did not know that I was not white. And so when I got there I was turned away.”（多萝西海特：“我在巴纳德学院被录取了，我来的时候被拒绝录取，因为他们有两个名额。他们不知道我不是白人。
10、所以当我到了那里，我被拒之门外。”）”可知，多萝西海特到了巴纳德学院后因为自己是黑人而被拒绝。故选C项。2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Yet she had to push to make herself heard as a woman among mostly male civil rights leaders. She was the only woman standing nearby as Martin Luther King gave his “I Have a Dream” speech in Washington.(然而，作为一名女性，她必须努力让自己在以男性为主的
11、民权领袖中被听到。她是马丁路德金在华盛顿发表“我有一个梦想”演讲时唯一站在旁边的女性。)”可推知，在当时妇女没有话语权。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In recent days, Americans have lost two civil rights leaders of the twentieth century, Dorothy Height and Benjamin Hooks.（最近几天，美国人失去了两位二十世纪的民权领袖，多萝西海特和本杰明胡克斯。）”和下文陈述多萝西海特为实现种族和性别平等做出卓越贡献的事迹，可推知，本文是一篇新闻报道，而第一段是该新闻的导语
12、。故选A项。BSome students get so nervous before a test, they do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a psychology professor at the University of Chicago in IIIionois, has studied these highly anxious test-takers.Sian Beilock:They start worrying about the consequences. They might even star
13、t worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want. And when we worry , it actually uses up attention and memory resources. I talk about it as your cognitive (认知) horsepower that you could otherwise be using to focus on the exam.Professor Beilock and
14、another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.Sian Beilock: What we think happens is when students put it down on paper, they think about the worst that could happe
15、n and they reassess the situation. They might realize its not as had as they might think it was before and, in essence, it prevents these thoughts from popping up when theyre actually taking a test.The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two shor
16、t math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.The researchers added to the pressure. They told the students that those who did well on the second test would get money. They also told them that their perfo
17、rmance would affect other students as part of a team effort.Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of twelve percent worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of five percent.Next, the researchers use
18、d younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test.Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+,compared to a B- for those who did not.Sian Beilo
19、ck : What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, whod done our writing intervention(干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. Those students most likely to worry were performing just as well as their classmates who dont normally get ner
20、vous in these testing situations.But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before and exam or presentation? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.4. What will happen to test-takers wo
21、rrying too much before an exam?A. No entry into the college.B. More concentration on the exam.C. An undesirable outcome of the exam.D. Weak awareness of the exam.5. What is strongly suggested to case test-takers deep anxiety?A. Making adjustments to the exam.B. Listing their fears about the exam.C.
22、Sitting doing nothing before an exam.D. Getting pressed by tho examiners.6. What does the writer intend to tell us?A. How to look at test anxiety.B. How to reduce concern about the results.C. How to contact anxiety with performance.D. How to cope with anxiety before a big event.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D【解析
23、】本文是说明文。文章讲述的是一位心理学教授对考前焦虑症的学生的研究及帮助学生克服焦虑的方法。【4题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第二段“They start worrying about the consequences. They might even start worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want. And when we worry , it actually uses up attention and memory resource
24、s. （他们开始担心后果。他们甚至可能开始担心这次考试是否会阻止他们进入他们想要的大学。当我们担心时，它实际上会消耗注意力和记忆资源。）”可以推理得出学生的过分焦虑是担心自己考试结果不理想。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第三段“Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their
25、 worries about the test.（贝洛克教授和另一位研究人员杰拉尔多拉米雷斯（Gerardo Ramirez）提出了一个可能的解决方案。就在考试前，高度焦虑的考生花十分钟写下他们对考试的担忧。）” 说明写下考生的焦虑可以适度减轻他们的焦虑感。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“Sian Beilock : What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, whod done our writing intervention(干预), all of a sudden there wa
26、s no relationship between test anxiety and performance. Those students most likely to worry were performing just as well as their classmates who dont normally get nervous in these testing situations.（贝洛克:“我们发现，对于高度考试焦虑的学生，在进行了写作干预后，考试焦虑和成绩之间的关系突然消失了。那些最有可能担心考试的学生和那些在考试中不紧张的同学表现得一样好。”）”以及最后一段“But wha
27、t if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before and exam or presentation? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.（但如果学生在考试或报告前没有机会写下他们的恐惧呢?贝洛克教授说，学生们可以在家里或图书馆自己尝试，仍然可以提高他们的表现。）”可以得知写下自己的焦虑后可
28、以减轻学生的焦虑感，从而推理出作者想的目的是告诉我们这个方式不只可以应用于考试，也可以用于减轻其他重大事件前的焦虑。故选D项。CRegardless of their preferred mode, bats, elephant, honeybee, humans and more all sleep. In fact, scientists have yet to find a truly sleepless creature. But is sleep really necessary for survival?Most humans will acknowledge that sleep
29、 is absolutely necessary. People often struggle to function after even just one sleepless night. Poor sleep over the long term has been linked to many negative heath effects, from heart disease and stroke to weight gain and diabetes(糖尿病) . These connections, and the fact that all animals seem to sle
30、ep, suggest that sleep must play an essential function for animals. But what is that function? Does sleep allow the brain to repair damage and process information? Scientists and thinkers have offered explanations for why we sleep, and yet, the exact purpose of sleep remains an open question.In the
31、1890s, Marie de Manaceine, a female physician in Russia, was troubled by the mystery of sleep. In her quest to figure out what exactly sleep is, she conducted the first sleep-deprivation experiment in animals.Using an approach that now seems quite cruel, the physician kept puppies continuously awake
32、, finding that they died after a few days of the experiment. Over following decades, further such experiments using other animals found similarly fatal results. However, the underlying cause of death in these cases, and how it relates to sleep are still unknown.While total sleeplessness seems danger
33、ous, some creatures can get by with a remarkably short sleep. They could be the key to understanding sleeps function, scientists have said.A study published in Science Advances monitored the sleeping habits of fruit flies. We found that some flies hardly ever slept, study co-author Giorgio Gilestro
34、told Live Science.But these flies didnt die prematurely(过早)，like the Russian puppies did. These virtually sleepless flies instead lived just as long as a control group that was left to sleep normally.In a 2016 study, Rattenborg and his colleagues provided great frigatebirds in the Galapagos Islands
35、with a small device to measure electrical activity in the brain. The study found that the frigatebirds, while flying, slept on average just 42 minutes per day, even though they typically got more than 12 hours of shut-eye on land.Does Rattenborg think well ever find an animal that doesnt sleep at al
36、l?Anything is possible, he said, however, an emerging pattern among the studies of short-sleeping animals is that none are completely sleepless. This preservation of a little sleep suggests that there is a minimum amount of sleep that is essential, even in these remarkable short sleepers.7. What is
37、Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Dangers of sleeplessness.B. Manners of sleep.C. Functions of sleep.D. Survivals from sleeplessness.8. What does the underlined word sleep-deprivation in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Sound sleep.B. Lack of sleep.C. Secret of sleep.D. Amount of sleep.9. What do all the mentioned fin
38、dings have in common?A. Animals need equal amount of sleep.B. Animals sleep in different ways.C. Sleep determines creatures survival.D. Creatures need more or less sleep for survival.10. Whats the best title for the passage?A. What Is the Function of Sleep?B. Do Sleeping Habits Matter?C. What Is the
39、 Mystery of Sleep?D. Can Any Animal Survive without Sleep?【答案】7. A 8. B 9. D 10. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文通过几个实验告诉我们作为生物，为了生存，人和其他动物都不可能完全不睡觉。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“People often struggle to function after even just one sleepless night. Poor sleep over the long term has been linked to many negative heath effec
40、ts, from heart disease and stroke to weight gain and diabetes(糖尿病) . These connections, and the fact that all animals seem to sleep, suggest that sleep must play an essential function for animals. ”（人们常常在一夜未眠之后难以正常工作。长期睡眠不足与许多负面健康影响有关，从心脏病、中风到体重增加和糖尿病。这些联系，以及所有动物似乎都在睡觉的事实表明，睡眠对动物来说必须起到重要的作用。）可知，本段告诉
41、了我们失眠后的结果，即失眠的危险。故选A。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Using an approach that now seems quite cruel, the physician kept puppies continuously awake“（医生用一种现在看来相当残忍的方法，让幼犬持续保持清醒。）可推知，上文“In her quest to figure out what exactly sleep is, she conducted the first sleep-deprivation experiment in animals.”意为“为了弄清楚睡眠到底是什么，她
42、在动物身上进行了第一个睡眠不足的实验”，即划线部分的意思是“睡眠不足”与lack of sleep同义。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Using an approach that now seems quite cruel, the physician kept puppies continuously awake, finding that they died after a few days of the experiment.”（医生用一种现在看来相当残忍的方法，让幼犬持续保持清醒。发现实验进行几天后它们死了），倒数第三段的“ The study found that t
43、he frigatebirds, while flying, slept on average just 42 minutes per day, even though they typically got more than 12 hours of shut-eye on land.”（研究发现这种大型军舰鸟在飞行时平均每天水42分钟，即使它们在陆地上的睡眠时间通常超过12个小时）和最后一段 “However, an emerging pattern among the studies of short-sleeping animals is that none are completely
44、 sleepless. This preservation of a little sleep suggests that there is a minimum amount of sleep that is essential, even in these remarkable short sleepers.”（然而，在研究短眠动物的所有研究中，没有一个动物是完全无睡眠的。 这种少量睡眠的保存表明，即使在这些引人注目的短睡眠者中，也有最低限度的睡眠是必不可少的。）可知，所有研究的发现的共同点是，无论什么动物都有一个最低限度的睡眠来保证生存。故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容
45、，尤其第一段的“Regardless of their preferred mode, bats, elephant, honeybee, humans humans and more all sleep. In fact, scientists have yet to find a truly sleepless creature. But is sleep really necessary for survival?”（无论他们偏好的模式是什么，蝙蝠、大象、蜜蜂、人类和其他更多都要睡眠。事实上，科学家还没有找到一种真正不睡觉的生物。但睡眠真的生存所必须的吗？）和最后一段的“However,
46、 an emerging pattern among the studies of short-sleeping animals is that none are completely sleepless. This preservation of a little sleep suggests that there is a minimum amount of sleep that is essential, even in these remarkable short sleepers.”（然而，在研究短眠动物的所有研究中，没有一个动物是完全无睡眠的。 这种少量睡眠的保存表明，即使在这些引
47、人注目的短睡眠者中，也有最低限度的睡眠是必不可少的。）可知，本文通过几个实验告诉我们作为生物，为了生存，人和其他动物都不可能完全不睡觉。D项 “动物不睡觉还能生存吗？”可以作为标题，概括全文。故选D。【点睛】第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways we can fed the world in 2050Some estimates suggest our global population could reach a total of 10 billion people by 2050. Its c
48、lear that traditional agriculture has to change to fed that many people._11_Creating robot farmersSuch exploration has been done. The Small Robot Company in Britain has created three small robots: Tom, Dick and Harry. Tom takes geography pictures of plants in the field, and sends them back for analy
49、sis. Then Dick spray(喷洒) crops with precision, avoiding unnecessary polluting and saving resources. Harry plants, completing with a robotic drill(机械钻). _12_These tasks are traditionally done by a human._13_Ordinary heavy tractors(拖拉机) roll across the field, compacting(压实) the soil and squeezing the
50、gaps inside. This compaction greatly affects the soils ability to hold onto water and nutrients. Using smaller, lighter robots to do the jobs currently performed by tractors could hugely help reduce these issues, hence promoting to keep precious soil in good condition.Giving waste a second chanceAcc
51、ording to the United Nations, “An estimated third of all food produced ends up rotting in the dustbins of consumers and sellers. There are countless brilliant ideas and measures to help, but I advocate one brilliant approachusing app like“Too Good To Go._14_These foods may be abandoned but still per
52、fectly eatable.Making smarter choicesWe spend time with farmers, producers, sellers and consumers._15_Building a world fed by sustainable(可持续的) agriculture is a tough task, which requires changes to the whole model of growing, processing, transporting, storing and selling.On the Whole, in order to e
53、nsure we have enough food in the future, farmers, scientists, engineers, sellers, business leaders, governments and individuals should come together to join the effort, taking action to value our food and its producer.A. Preserving precious soilB. Slowing the ageing process of foodC. We find it nece
54、ssary to produce record quantities of foodD. We find our current ways of agriculture just arent sustainable.E. The App enables sellers to shift foods to customers at a lower price.F. Together, they carry out the dull tasks with greater accuracy and less water.G. Here are some potential solutions hel
55、ping us get ready to feed the 10 billion.【答案】11. G 12. F 13. A 14. E 15. D【解析】本文是说明文。文章指出，到2050年，我们的全球人口可能达到100亿，粮食可能不足，作者在文中提出了几项可行的解决方案。【11题详解】结合上文”Its clear that traditional agriculture has to change to fed that many people.（很明显，传统农业必须改变才能养活这么多人。）”，再通过下文几段的分标题“Creating robot farmers（ 创造机器人农场主）”；“
56、Giving waste a second chance（给浪费第二次机会）”；“Making smarter choices（做出更明智的选择）”可知本空提出，有一些可能帮助我们养活100亿人口做好准备的方案， 从而引出下文。故选G项。【12题详解】通过上文“Tom takes geography pictures of plants in the field, and sends them back for analysis. Then Dick spray crops with precision, avoiding unnecessary polluting and saving re
57、sources. Harry plants, completing with a robotic drill.(汤姆给田里的植物拍了地理照片，然后把它们送回分析室。然后迪克精确喷洒作物，避免不必要的污染，节约资源。哈利种植，完成了一个机械钻。）”说明这三个机器人分工合作，完成种植。空格处承上启下，下文“These tasks are traditionally done by a human.（这些任务传统上是由人来完成的。）”可知机器人一同努力，打破传统的人类种植。F项中的“the dull tasks”与下文一致。故选F项。【13题详解】该空考查第三段的分标题，根据下文“Using sma
58、ller, lighter robots to do the jobs currently performed by tractors could hugely help reduce these issues, hence promoting to keep precious soil in good condition. (使用更小、更轻的机器人来完成目前拖拉机所做的工作，可以极大地帮助减少这些问题，从而促进保持珍贵土壤的良好状态。)”可知本段主要讲述如何通过机器人代替拖拉机，保护珍贵的土壤。故选A项。【14题详解】根据设空处上文“There are countless brilliant
59、 ideas and measures to help, but I advocate one brilliant approachusing app like“Too Good To Go.（有无数的好主意和措施可以帮助我们，但我提倡一种聪明的方法，使用应用程序，比如“Too Good To Go”。）”提出使用“Too Good To Go”来减少浪费，以及设空处后文“These foods may be abandoned but still perfectly eatable.（这些食物可能被废弃，但仍然完全可以食用。）”可知设空处是对这个应用程序的工作原理的解释。E项中的“The A
60、pp ”指代上文提到的“Too Good To Go”。故选E项。【15题详解】根据上文“We spend time with farmers, producers, sellers and consumers.（我们花时间与农民、生产者、销售商和消费者交流。）”以及后文“Building a world fed by sustainable(可持续的) agriculture is a tough task, which requires changes to the whole model of growing, processing, transporting, storing and
61、selling.（建立一个以可持续农业为食的世界是一项艰巨的任务，这需要改变种植、加工、运输、储存和销售的整个模式。）”说明我们国家目前的农业方式还没有做到可持续，是不可持续的。故选D项。第三部分 英语知识运用第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。For many, public speaking is a huge headache. As someone who is very shy, I never thought I could perfectly_16_a speech u
62、ntil I decided to_17_an English speaking competition.One day when I entered the classroom, my eyes were immediately drawn to a sign_18_that an English speaking competition would be hold next month.Giving a speech in front of a large audience would be a huge challenge for me._19_, I really didnt want
63、 to miss this opportunity to help_20_my confidence and cultivate (培养) my _21_speaking skills. I was torn between my desire of participating and my_22_of speaking in public. In the end, I_23_myself to sign up and to take on the challenge. I didnt want to be shy any more.I carefully chose a suitable t
64、opic and constantly polished my speech to_24_it. I also practiced my pronunciation and every gesture in front of the mirror over and over again._25_, the big day arrived. I heard he hot say, Lets welcome contestant number 9. I stepped onto the stage and saw that the hall was completely_26_with peopl
65、e. A burst of fear took over me. I could feel my heart pounding and my palms(手掌) began to_27_and got wet. My legs trembled and I felt as cold as ice. To make matters worse, my mind went_28_and I couldnt remember what I was going to say.I was at the point of giving up when I suddenly_29_my English te
66、acher in the crowd, who was standing in the corner and smiling at me. Seeing her warm smile, I felt that a sense of_30_immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in my mind. My only thought was that I needed to calm down and enjoy this cheerful moment on stage.I took a deep breath, calmed do
67、wn and started my speech. I focused all of my attention on every word so I wouldnt make any mistakes. I gradually became_31_in my speech and my nervousness transformed into confidence and excitement.It turned out that my speech was nothing but success. I_32_from the other competitors. I took my_33_a
68、t the podium(领奖台) to receive a shining medal for my speech.From what I have experienced, I know nothing is_34_. We will face many difficulties in life. These difficulties are like climbing a mountain. It might be difficult at first, but overcoming the difficult will take you to new_35_. The view is
69、definitely worth it.16. A. deliverB. prepareC. arrangeD. write17. A. hostB. participate inC. organizeD. check out18. A. announcingB. promisingC. claimingD. saying19. A. ThereforeB. SoC. HoweverD. Instead20. A. rely onB. expressC. restoreD. build up21. A. publicB. personalC. favoriteD. usual22. A. mo
70、tivationB. surpriseC. disappointmentD. fear23. A. appealedB. devotedC. persuadedD. advised24. A. perfectB. rememberC. recordD. shorten25. A. InstantlyB. EventuallyC. UnexpectedlyD. Constantly26. A. concernedB. packedC. disabledD. covered27. A. seizeB. numbC. sweatD. ache28. A. wrongB. madC. blankD.
71、dead29. A. metB. missedC. recalledD. spotted30. A. strengthB. lossC. dutyD. direction31. A. interestedB. absorbedC. panickedD. stuck32. A. benefitedB. broke awayC. stood outD. differed33. A. prizeB. placeC. offerD. address34. A. importantB. practicalC. realisticD. impossible35. A. heightsB. pathsC.
72、challengesD. cases【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一个害羞的人，一次偶然的机会，她决定参加英语演讲比赛来建立自信以及培养在公共场合讲话的能力。通过自己的努力，和老师的鼓励，作者终于克服自己的弱点，赢得演讲比赛。通过这次经历，作者明白了，克服困难会把我们带到一个新高度，没有什么是不可能的。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个非常
73、害羞的人，我从来没有想过我可以完美地演讲，直到我决定参加一个英语演讲比赛。A. deliver发表；B. prepare准备；C. arrange安排；D. write写。根据下文的“English speaking competition.”可知，此处是指做演讲，deliver a speech“做演讲”符合语境，故选A。【17题详解】考查动词和短词短语辨析。句意：作为一个非常害羞的人，我从来没有想过我可以完美地演讲，直到我决定参加一个英语演讲比赛。A. host主办；B. participate in参加；C. organize组织；D. check out退房。根据下文的“In the
74、end, I_8_myself to sign up and to take on the challenge.”可知，作者决定参加英语演讲比赛。且下文的“I was torn between my desire of participating”也是提示。故选B。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天当我走进教室时，目光立刻被一个标志吸引了，上面写着一个英语演讲比赛将于下个月举行。A. announcing宣布；B. promising承诺；C. claiming宣称；D. saying写着，说。表示标志，说明书等上面写着什么内容，通常用say。故选D。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句
75、意：然而，我真的不想错过这个有助于我建立信心以及培养我在公共场合讲话的能力的机会。A. Therefore因此；B. So因此；C. However然而；D. Instead相反。结合上文的“Giving a speech in front of a large audience would be a huge challenge for me.”（在一群观众面前演讲对我来说是一个巨大的挑战）和本句可知，上下文为转折关系。故选C。【20题详解】考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我真的不想错过这个有助于我建立信心以及培养我在公共场合讲话的能力的机会。A. rely on依靠；B. expres
76、s表达；C. restore修复；D. build up（逐步）建立。结合常识和下文的“cultivate (培养) my _6_speaking skills.”可知，参加英语演讲比赛有助于作者建立自信。故选D。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我真的不想错过这个有助于我建立信心以及培养我在公共场合讲话的能力的机会。A. public公开的，公众的；B. personal个人的；C. favorite最喜欢的；D. usual通常的。结合常识和上文的“For many, public speaking is a huge headache.”可知，此处是指参加英语演讲可以培养在公
77、开场合讲话的能力。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在渴望参与和害怕在公众面前演讲之间左右为难。A. motivation动机；B. surprise惊讶，惊喜；C. disappointment失望；D. fear害怕，恐惧。根据上文的“As someone who is very shy”可知，作者非常害羞，由此推知她害怕在公众面前演讲。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我说服自己报名接受这个挑战。A. appealed吸引；B. devoted贡献；C. persuaded说服；D. advised建议。根据上文的“I was torn between m
78、y desire of participating and my_7_of speaking in public.”和下文的“I didnt want to be shy any more.”可知，此处是指作者由最开始的左右为难，最终说服自己接受挑战，因为她不想再这么害羞下去。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我小心地选择了一个适合的话题，并不断修改润色我的演讲稿，以使它完美。A. perfect使完美；B. remember记得；C. record记录；D. shorten缩短。根据上文的“constantly polished my speech”可知，不断修改润色演讲的目的是
79、为了让它完美。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，这个重要的日子来了。A. Instantly立即；B. Eventually最后，终于；C. Unexpectedly意料之外地；D. Constantly持续地，不间断地。结合上文内容可知，作者为了这次演讲比赛，做了大量的准备工作，终于这一天来临了。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我踏上舞台，看到大厅里挤满了人。A. concerned担心的，关心的；B. packed充满的，装满的；C. disabled残疾的；D. covered被覆盖的。根据下文的 “I suddenly_14_my English te
80、acher in the crowd”可推知，大厅里人很多，be packed with“挤满”。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能够感觉到我的心跳很快，手心也开始出汗，变得潮湿。A. seize抓住；B. numb麻木；C. sweat出汗；D. ache痛。根据下文的“got wet”可知，作者的手因为紧张而出汗了。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我的大脑一片空白，不记得自己要说什么。A. wrong错的；B. mad疯的；C. blank空白的；D. dead死亡的。根据下文的“I couldnt remember what I was goi
81、ng to say.”可知，作者因为紧张而忘记了自己要说什么，大脑一片空白。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在我准备放弃的时候，我突然在人群中看到了我的英语老师，她站在角落，微笑着看着我。A. met见面；B. missed错过，想念；C. recalled回忆；D. spotted看见。根据下文的“Seeing her warm smile”可知，作者看到了自己的英语老师。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看见她温暖的微笑，我感觉到一种力量立刻取代了我心中不断增加的恐惧和焦虑。A. strength力量；B. loss损失；C. duty职责；D. directi
82、on方向。根据上文的“Seeing her warm smile”和下文的“I took a deep breath, calmed down and started my speech.”可知，此处是指老师温暖的微笑，让作者有了继续站在舞台上开始自己演讲的力量。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我逐渐专注在我演讲上，我的紧张也变成了信心和激情。A. interested感兴趣的；B. absorbed专注的；C. panicked恐慌的；D. stuck束手无策的。根据上文的“I focused all of my attention on every word so I wo
83、uldnt make any mistakes.”可知，此处是指作者集中精力后，慢慢开始排除杂念，专注于自己的演讲。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：我在其他参赛者中脱颖而出。A. benefited有益于；B. broke away挣脱；C. stood out突出；D. differed不同。根据上文的“It turned out that my speech was nothing but success.”可知，作者的演讲非常成功，在参赛者中脱颖而出。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在领奖台上，因我的演讲而收到了一枚闪闪发光的奖章。A. prize奖
84、；B. place位置，地方；C. offer出价；D. address地址。根据句意可知，此处是指作者站在领奖台上，take ones place“站/坐的位置”。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从我的经历，我明白了没有什么是不可能的。A. important重要的；B. practical实际的；C. realistic现实的；D. impossible不可能的。根据上文内容可知，作者经过自己的努力获在演讲比赛获奖，并且克服了害羞。由此可知，经过这件事，作者明白了只要努力，没有什么是不可能的。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：可能一开始比较困难，但是克服困难会把
85、你带到新的高度。A. heights高度；B. paths路；C. challenges挑战；D. cases情况，案件。根据上文的“We will face many difficulties in life. These difficulties are like climbing a mountain.”可知，生活中的困难就像爬山，如果克服了，就能达到新的高度。故选A。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese volleyball superstar Zhu Ting has inspired
86、a new English word “Stay awesome and ZHU perb!”_36_(call) by Volleywood, a US-based volleyball website. The word combines “Zhu” and “superb”, describing the 24-year-old players dominance (主导) on the court.Last month, Zhu announced that she was joining the Tianjin womens volleyball club for the _37_(
87、approach) season, after Chinas womens volleyball team won the FIVB Womens World Cup on Sept 29.Zhus productive scoring_38_(perform) has put her among the Top 10 Global Outstanding Athletes for this years Heracles Prize of the Big Ben Award._39_the captain, Zhu created the new golden age of womens vo
88、lleyball in China. Zhu_40_(consider) to be a national hero by many people in China. Although it hasnt been easy for Zhu to get to _41_she is, shes a superstar now._42_(bear) into a farming family in Henan province, Zhu earned a chance to attend a local sports school at age 13. Young Zhu got homesick
89、 during the first few months of training, but with her fathers_43_(inspire) words, she made progress_44_(steady). Zhu quickly moved up, from the provincial youth team to the national youth team. She became famous by helping Chinas U20 team win the 2013 FIVB U20 World Championship. Shortly after, Zhu
90、 became_45_national team member and began playing under legendary coach Lang Ping.【答案】36. called 37. approaching 38. performance 39. As 40. is considered 41. where 42. Born 43. inspiring 44. steadily 45. a【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国排球巨星朱婷的故事。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国排球巨星朱婷激发了美国排球网站volleyball wood的灵感，创造了一个新词“Stay
91、 awesome and Zhu perb!”。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰空前名词，此处表示“被叫做”，所以空处需用过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在9月29日中国女排赢得国际排联女排世界杯冠军后，朱婷于上月宣布，她将加入天津女排俱乐部参加即将到来的赛季。空处需用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词season，此处表示主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词approaching作前置定语修饰名词season。故填approaching。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：朱卓有成效的得分表现使她跻身今
92、年大本钟奖的海格力斯奖全球十大杰出运动员之列。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作主语，perform的名词为performance“表现”，此处特指朱婷的表现，所以空处名词需用单数。故填performance。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：作为队长，朱婷开创了中国女排的新黄金时代。由句子结构和句意可知，空处需用介词as“作为”，此处表示作为队长，句首单词首字母需大写。故填As。【40题详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：朱婷被许多中国人视为民族英雄。本文介绍朱婷的故事，所以谓语动词需用一般现在时态，由空后by many people in China可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态：
93、be done，主语是单数，所以be动词需用is。故填is considered。【41题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：尽管朱婷取得现在的成就并不容易，但她现在已经是超级明星了。此处介词to后需用连接词引导宾语从句，表示地点，所以空处需用连接副词where引导宾语从句。故填where。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词和省略。句意：朱婷出生在河南省一个农民家庭，13岁时获得了进入当地体校的机会。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词earned，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词，be born into“出生在”，固定搭配，空处省略主语Zhu，且含有be动词，所以此处be动词可省略，所以空处需用过去分
94、词born作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Born。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：在刚开始训练的几个月里，年轻的朱婷有点想家，但在父亲鼓舞人心的话语下，她稳步进步。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词words，inspire的名词为inspiring“鼓舞人心的，激励的”。故填inspiring。【44题详解】考查副词。句意同上。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词made，steady的副词为steadily“稳步地”。故填steadily。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：不久之后，朱婷成为了一名国家队队员，并开始在传奇教练郎平手下打球。空处需用不定冠词a/an泛指“一名国家队队员”，n
95、ational是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词a。故填a。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）46. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack在“外国人讲中国成语故事”比赛中获得了一等奖，请写一封英文电子邮件给他。内容要点如下：1.祝贺他获奖；2.肯定他付出的努力和取得的进步；3.希望他多传播中国传统文化。注意：1 词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：外国人讲中国成语故事: Foreigners Tell Stories Of Chinese idiomsDear Jack,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jack,I
96、am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the first prize in the “Foreigners Tell Stories Of Chinese Idioms” competition. I take great pride in your achievement.As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains”. You really deserve a good reward. For these years, youve shown much i
97、nterest in Chinese traditional cultures, especially Chinese idioms. With extreme efforts, you have made rapid progress and acquired a rich knowledge. I do hope you will act as a culture connector, spreading Chinese splendid cultures and its brilliant civilizations.Congratulations again!Yours,Li Hua【
98、解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友Jack写封信，在信中就他在“外国人讲中国成语故事”比赛中获得了一等奖表示祝贺，肯定他付出的努力和取得的进步并希望他多传播中国传统文化。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，现在完成时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.祝贺他获奖；2.肯定他付出的努力和取得的进步；3.希望他多传播中国传统文化。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）sincere congratulations; Foreigners Tell Stories Of Chinese i
99、dioms; competition; take great pride in; achievement; deserve; Chinese traditional cultures; extreme efforts; make rapid progress; knowledge; act as; spread; splendid第三步：连词成句1. I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the first prize in the “Foreigners Tell Stories Of
100、Chinese Idioms” competition.2. I take great pride in your achievement.3. As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains”.4. You really deserve a good reward.5. For these years, youve shown much interest in Chinese traditional cultures, especially Chinese idioms.6. With extreme efforts, you have made rapid
101、progress and acquired a rich knowledge.7. I do hope you will act as a culture connector, spreading Chinese splendid cultures and its brilliant civilizations.8. Congratulations again!根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考）2.表转折对比关系：However, On the con
102、trary, but（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the first prize in the “Foreigners Tell Stories Of Chinese Idioms” competition. (运用了动名词作宾语)高分句型2 I do hope you will act as a culture connector, spreading Chinese sple
103、ndid cultures and its brilliant civilizations. (运用了省略了that的宾语从句和现在分词作状语)第二节读后续写(满分25分)47. 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成个完整的故事。注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。After the long boring winter, kites everywhere couldnt wait to go dancing in the air, to f
104、ly freely and to run after the sun. Every kite was excited. Well, all kites but one.The kite was a nervous and lonely kite that preferred to stay in. He didnt like flying. Well that isnt right-it was not the flying so much as the height. Actually, the higher the flight, the further the fall, which s
105、cared him most of all. However, from the park nearby came cries of laughter and joy. The kite knew he would be forced away by Alice for another embarrassing public show.Come on, said Alice, Its the perfect kite day. Then Alice and the kite headed outside to play. As they came to the park, there were
106、 kids everywhere flying kites that sailed gracefully high in the air. Alice pointed up, Look, flying is easy! The kite looked with fear and felt uneasy.Alice started running to get the kite going. She ran all through the park while other kids gaped (张口注视) at her kite that flew slowly and unsteadily.
107、 She heard a boy laugh and another one joke, That kite must either be stupid or broken. She hung her head and went back to her kite. Kneeling, she thoughtfully asked, You alright? The kite seemed to be all right.They sat in silence a moment, Alice and the kite. Then with a kind smile, Alice said, It
108、s alright. Everyone gets frightened. Dad says thats okay. And by facing fears bravely we can drive some fears away. Thats how it was with me and my bike. Maybe biking and flying are a little alike,The bit of hope that shone in Alices eye made the kite decide to give flying a try.Alice started runnin
109、g to give the kite lift. The wind on the kite was at once big and swift. Instead of fighting the wind, he gave himself to it. As it carried him upward, he knew he could do it.注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下面线的关键词语;3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好;4.续写完成后，请用下画线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1:At first the kite was
110、 careful not to look down_Paragraph 2:Upon his landing, the kite felt peaceful and delightful and new, hurrying Alice to fly together with him and feel all of it._【答案】Paragraph 1：At first the kite was careful not to look down. Then he got up his nerve. He could see the whole town! With excitement, h
111、e felt his heart fly high. So he yelled to Alice, “Give more string, please. More!” He danced bravely in the air with every child watching him sail. With his head in the clouds, the kite felt quite great and proud before he knew how to land. But he let his fears go. The kite took a deep breath, and
112、said, “On with the show!” Then he gave himself once again to the wind. Surfing the wind eventually helped him land safely in the park. Alice was extremely excited.Paragraph 2：Upon his landing, the kite felt peaceful and delightful and new, hurrying Alice to fly together with him and feel all of it.
113、Without hesitation, he said, “Lets fly! Hold on tight!” And they took off together, Alice and the kite. They floated, they danced, they hung in the sky. Higher than treetops and rooftops they flew, and the higher they went, the greater the view. They saw the park down below, and so many kites with k
114、ids. When Alice and the kite landed, they were met with laughter and joy.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一只害怕飞翔的风筝，当它的小主人Alice带着它去公园时，因为Alice不擅长放风筝，再加上它的害怕，他们被其他男孩嘲笑。但是Alice没有就此放弃，她想起了爸爸说过，人人都会害怕，直面恐惧就会把恐惧赶走。因此Alice决定带上风筝再尝试一次。这次好像一切都很顺利。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“一开始，风筝非常小心，不往下看”可知，第一段可描风筝克服自己的恐惧，乘着风飞到空中。由第二段首句内容“刚
115、一降落，风筝感到很平和，心情愉快，一切都是新的体验，他催促Alice和他一起飞翔，来感受所有这一切”可知，第二段可描Alice和风筝一起飞到了空中，看到了美丽的景色，体验到了飞翔的快乐。2.续写线索：不敢往下看克服恐惧飞到空中有了全新的体验邀请Alice一起飞翔飞到空中看到美丽的景色体验到飞翔的快乐 3.词汇激活行为类大叫：yell/ shout深呼吸：take a deep breath/ breathe deeply看见：see/ spot/ catch sight of 情绪类兴奋：excitement/ thrill快乐：joy/ pleasure【点睛】高分句型1 He danced bravely in the air with every child watching him sail.句中运用了with复合结构。高分句型2 When Alice and the kite landed, they were met with laughter and joy.句中使用when引导时间状语从句。高分句型3 Surfing the wind eventually helped him land safely in the park.句中使用了动名词短语作主语。
