1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 15Learning主题: 人与自我子话题: 乐于学习, 善于学习, 终身学习等对应教材: 必修5Unit 15Learning; 必修5Unit 13People. 细品味经典文章(2020全国卷阅读理解B)Returning to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. Theres a welcome familiaritybut also sometime
2、s a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books dont change, people do. And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. Its tr
3、ue, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, its all about the present. Its about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight. There are three books I reread annually. The first
4、, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingways A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm, her poetic 197
5、5 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortzars Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortzar. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagi
6、ne that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends. . 按要求完
7、成任务1. 写出文章中与学习有关的单词或短语。book, read, reread, beauty, idea, bond, contribute to, reader, annually, publish, poetic, ramble, add to, imagine, understand2. 作为一名学生, 你如何规划你的学习? As a high school student, especially one about to take the college entrance examination, I will work out a set of detailed test pr
8、eparation plans. I will listen carefully in class every day, take notes, review well after class, find questions and solve them at any time. . 重点词汇1. suspect v. 怀疑; 猜疑(通常不用于进行时)n. C嫌疑犯, 可疑分子教材原句I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to
9、 my throat and made me want to cry. (P36)我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好, 但这仍然使我喉头哽咽, 让我想哭。【词块必记】(1)suspect sb. /sth. to be+n. /adj. 怀疑/猜疑某人/某物为suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事(2)suspicious adj. 可疑的, 令人怀疑的be suspicious of/about sth. 对某事怀疑【思维拓展】除作动词外, suspect还可作名词, 表示“嫌疑犯”; 形容词, 表示“不可信的, 可疑的”, 一般作表语。【语境速测
10、】 单句语法填空What she said sounded convincing, but I suspected it to be(be)a lie. Two suspects(suspect)in connection with the case are now being interrogated(审讯). His reason for being absent is suspect(suspect). If you see something suspicious (suspect), inform the police at once. 句型转换We had no reason to
11、 suspect(that)he might try to kill himself. We had no reason to suspect him of trying to kill himself. 2. instruct vt. 指导, 教导; 指示, 命令; 告知, 通知教材原句I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered. (P36)我让我的孙子教
12、我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网, 我真的很喜欢信息传送和回复的速度。【词块必记】(1)instruct sb. to do/in doing. . . 命令某人做instruct sb. in sth. 教授/传授某人某事instruct that sb. (should) do sth. 命令某人做某事(宾语从句中用虚拟语气)(2)instruction n. C用法说明, 操作指南; 指示; 命令; U指导; 讲授(3)instructive adj. 有益的, 有教育意义的; 指导性的【熟词生义】All our staff have been instructed in sign lan
13、guage. 教授, 传授(技能等)【语境速测】 单句语法填空Without your instruction(instruct), I would not have made such great progress. The judge instructed the witness to tell (tell) the truth. As far as Im concerned, great effort is needed to instruct children in road safety. It is the most instructive (instruct) lecture t
14、hat I have attended since I came to this school. 一句多译经理命令我快速把房间打扫出来。The manager instructed me to clean the room quickly. (instruct sb. to do sth. )The manager instructed me in cleaning the room quickly. (instruct sb. in doing sth. )The manager instructed that I (should) clean the room quickly. (inst
15、ruct that)3. distinguish vt. 区别, 辨别; 使具有某种特征教材原句If the room had not been dark, he would have distinguished the two pictures. (P37)如果房间不暗, 他早就分辨出两幅图画了。【词块必记】(1)distinguish . . . from . . . 将与区别开distinguish between . . . and . . . (=tell the difference between . . . and . . . )区分和distinguish oneself (
16、as . . . ) (作为)表现突出(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的; 著名的; 杰出的be distinguished for (=be famous for) 因而出名distinguishing adj. 有区别的【语境速测】 单句语法填空Speeches distinguish human beings from animals. I admire your distinguished(distinguish)achievements. He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elect
17、ed as head of the economic school. She has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball player in the world. The English corner gives me a chance to distinguish myself (me) by speaking English fluently. 句型转换It could make it hard for people to tell the difference between virtual reality and re
18、ality. It could make it hard for people to distinguish between virtual reality and reality. 4. access n. 入口, 通路; (使用或见到的)机会, 权利教材原句The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to childrens minds when they are open and eager to learn. (P40)作为一名老师, 你可以在孩子们心灵顿开、渴望学习时进入他们的思想。【词块必记】(1)gain/obt
19、ain/get/have access to 有权进入/使用, 拥有的机会have no access to 没有的机会; 无法接近give access to 接近; 准许进入(接近)(2)accessible adj. 易到达的, 易接近的be accessible to 对而言容易接近的; 可靠近的; 容易进入的【误区释疑】access前通常不加冠词, 且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。【构词法】access+-ible(形容词后缀)=accessible adj. 易到达的, 易接近的【语境速测】 单句语法填空Women have no access to obt
20、aining (obtain) education in old days. Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible (access) to children. The old man tells me that the only access to the village is by boat. 句型转换Every student has a chance to be admitted into a key university. Every student has/gains/gets access to a key unive
21、rsity. The public have no chance to see these films. These films arent accessible to the public. 【写作金句】The good news is that you can have access to almost all the famous places of interest in China online now. 好消息是, 你现在可以通过网络访问中国几乎所有的著名景点。5. approve vi. 赞成; 认可; 同意vt. 批准【典型例句】If only the committee wo
22、uld approve the new environmental regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. 要是委员会能批准新的环境法规并尽快使其生效就好了。【词块必记】(1)approve of 赞成, 赞许approve of sb. doing sth. 同意某人做某事approve of (ones) doing . . . 赞同/支持(某人)做approve (doing) sth. 批准(做)某事(2)approval n. 同意; 批准meet with sb. s approval 得到某人的批准win
23、/earn sb. s approval 取得某人的同意/赞成give approval to . . . 批准【误区释疑】approve作“批准”讲时, 常用作及物动词; 作“赞成”讲时, 用作不及物动词, 与of搭配, “赞成某人做某事”应表达为 approve of sb. s doing sth. 。【熟词生义】Not everyone approves of the festival. (喜欢)【语境速测】 单句语法填空I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve). I am afr
24、aid your parents wont approve of your marrying(marry) him. He has been there many times. No wonder he doesnt approve of the plan to go there for holidays. 完成句子By doing well at school he hoped to win/earn his parents approval. 他在学校表现不错, 希望以此来得到父母的赞许。句型转换He doesnt approve of me leaving school this yea
25、r. He doesnt give approval to my leaving school this year. I dont meet with his approval to leave school this year. 【写作金句】I am looking forward to the approval of my suggestions. 我期待着我的建议得到批准。6. inspire v. 鼓舞, 鼓励; 激发; 启示; 使产生(某种感觉或情感)教材原句But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many gre
26、at scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times. (P43)但即使是亚里士多德这样一位启发了他之后的许多杰出的科学家和哲学家的伟大人物, 有时也会出错。【词块必记】(1)inspire sb. to do sth. 激励/鼓励某人做某事inspire sb. with sth. =inspire sth. in sb. 激起某人的(某种情感)(2)inspiration n. 灵感; 鼓舞(3)inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的inspiring adj. 令人鼓舞的, 振奋人心的【构词法】inspir(e)+
27、-ation(名词后缀)=inspiration n. 灵感; 鼓舞【语境速测】 单句语法填空I hope this success will inspire you to make (make)greater efforts. In addition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration (inspire). The man has built up his business over the years, which makes me inspired (inspire). As we all know, Lin
28、coln is regarded as one of the most inspiring (inspire) figures in the world. 【写作金句】Not only does it enrich students life experiences, but it inspires their social responsibility. 它不仅丰富了学生的生活经历, 而且激发了他们的社会责任感。. 核心短语7. be accustomed to习惯于(表示状态)教材原句Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few
29、 key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us. . . (P42)尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎敲进几个关键词, 等待互联网为我们吐出答案【词块必记】(1)be accustomed/used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事get/become accustomed to (doing) sth. 变得适应了(做)某事(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于accustom oneself to . . . 使自己习惯于【语境速测】 单句语法
30、填空The American teacher asked me if I had been accustomed to studying (study) there. As we all know, children are easy to accustom themselves(them) to new surroundings. Accustomed(accustom) to climbing the steep mountain, Kevin had no difficulty reaching the top. 句式升级He was accustomed to the custom a
31、nd didnt want to change it. =Accustomed to the custom, he didnt want to change it. (用过去分词短语作状语)=Accustoming himself to the custom, he didnt want to change it. (用现在分词短语作状语)8. set off出发, 动身; (使)爆炸, 引爆; 燃放; 引发; 衬托教材原句I remember that he let me pour some powder into the rocket and then another student li
32、t a flame to set it off. (P40)我记得他让我把一些火药倒入火箭, 然后另一名学生点火将火箭发射了出去。【词块必记】set about doing . . . =set out to do . . . 着手做set out for . . . 动身去set up 建起, 竖起; 建立; 提出(意见)set aside 搁置一边; 省钱, 存钱set down 写下, 记下【语境速测】 用set短语填空Im hoping Ill set up my own business someday. A great many boys were setting off fire
33、works in the street during the Spring Festival. I try to set aside some time each day to do some exercise. We gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits. You had better set down your idea before you forget it. 完成句子He set about setting down the note after the teac
34、her finished explaining. 老师解释完之后他开始着手记笔记。9. to a certain extent在某种程度上教材原句To a certain extent, youre right. (P36)在某种程度上, 你是对的。【词块必记】to some extent 在某种程度上to a great/large extent 在很大程度上extent n. 程度; 范围; 长度the extent of 在的范围in extent 就面积而言【语境速测】 完成句子To a certain extent, it was my fault that we lost the
35、chance. 我们失去这次机会在某种程度上是我的错。I agree with you to some extent. 我在某种程度上赞同你。To a great extent, its your genes that decide. 在很大程度上, 起决定作用的是你的基因。. 经典句式10. I decided that it was time I became an Internet user. 我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。【典型例句】Its high time that they left/should leave for Beijing. 到了他们动身去北京的时候了。【句型公式
36、】(1)Its (about/high) time (that)+should do/did sth. “该是做的时候了”。(2)Its time (for sb. ) to do sth. “该是(某人)做的时候了”。(3)It/This is/was the+序数词+ time (that) . . . “这是某人第次做某事了”。【误区释疑】在句型“It/This is/was the+序数词+ time (that) . . . ”中, 从句的谓语动词常用完成时态: is与has/have done对应; was与had done对应。【语境速测】 单句语法填空It is time fo
37、r me to go (go) to pick up my daughter at school. This is the first time that I have been (be) away from my home for such a long time. It is time you had/should have(have)your temperature taken. This is the last time I have asked(ask)you for money. 一句多译该是我们采取措施防止空气受污染的时候了。Its time for us to take ste
38、ps to stop the air from being polluted. Its time that we should take/took steps to stop the air from being polluted. 11. Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion! 有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见! 【典型例句】I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year round. 但愿我的家乡四季如春。Now I wish Id done more
39、work, especially in maths. 现在我希望自己以前多做一些功课, 特别是在数学方面。He really wishes he could listen to your class again. 他真的希望能再次听您讲课。【句型公式】(1)对现在情况的虚拟: wish+主语+动词过去式(be用were)。(2)对过去情况的虚拟: wish+主语+had+过去分词。(3)对将来情况的虚拟: wish+主语+would/could+动词原形。【误区释疑】(1)与现在事实相反时, 从句中的be动词一律用were。(2)与将来事实相反时, 从句中的谓语动词用would/could+动
40、词原形, 不用might或should。【语境速测】 单句语法填空He wishes he would become (become) a bird flying in the sky one day. I wish I knew(know)how he was going to handle the problems. 完成句子How I wish I had had someone to turn to for advice when I was puzzled. 当我感到困惑时, 我多希望能向某个人求教。I wish that I were a bird and could fly fr
41、eely in the sky. 我希望我是一只小鸟, 能在天空中自由飞翔。【写作金句】I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. 我希望你能抓住这个机会, 进一步学习中国传统文化。【备选要点】1. bury vt. (buried; buried)掩埋; 埋葬; 使专心, 使沉浸; 隐藏教材原句So many people think that after you retire, all you can do is switch off your brai
42、n and bury everything youve ever learnt. (P36)因此, 很多人认为退休后你所能做的就是关闭大脑, 埋藏所学过的所有东西。【词块必记】be buried in=bury oneself in 埋头于; 专心于be buried in thought 沉思bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面【误区释疑】表示“专心于; 致力于”的短语还有: be devoted/addicted tobe lost/engaged/absorbed infix/concentrate ones attention onconcentrate/
43、focus on【语境速测】 单句语法填空Ever since he moved there, he has buried himself (him) in his research work. The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, burying (bury) her head in the book in her hands. She was buried in thought when she heard she didnt pass the driving test. Buried (bury) in his study, he
44、wasnt aware that all the others had left. 句式转换He buried himself in books all day to escape from his sadness. Burying himself in books all day, he wanted to escape from his sadness. Buried in books all day, he wanted to escape from his sadness. 2. alternative adj. 非传统的; 可供选择的n. 可供选择的事物教材原句What does“a
45、lternative education” mean? (P38)“非传统教育”指的是什么? 【词块必记】have no alternative but to do sth. =theres no alternative but to do sth. 除做以外别无选择an alternative to. . . 的替代品【思维拓展】“别无选择只好做某事”的表达还有: cannot but do sth. ; have no choice but to do sth. ; cannot help but do sth. 。【语境速测】 完成句子The way was blocked, so we
46、 went by an alternative road. 这条路被挡住了, 因此我们走了另一条路。So serious is this problem that we have no alternative but to take some measures to solve this problem. 该问题是如此严重, 因此我们别无选择只能采取一些措施来解决这个问题。句型转换I had no choice but to report him to the police. I had no alternative but to report him to the police. 3. la
47、ck vt. 缺乏, 没有n. 缺乏, 不足; 短缺的东西教材原句. . . but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself. (P40)但那很可能是因为我缺乏自信。【词块必记】(1)lack sth. 缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态)lack for 需要, 需求(常用于否定句)(2)(a) lack of . . . 缺乏for/through lack of 因缺乏(3)lacking adj. 缺少的, 不足的(不置于名词前)be lacking in sth. 缺少某物【误区释疑】(1)lack既可以作动词也可以作名词。
48、作及物动词时, 后面直接跟宾语; 作不及物动词时常用介词for; 作名词时, 后面常用介词of。(2)lacking为形容词, 但一般不放在名词前作定语, 常与in连用。【语境速测】 单句语法填空I find it quite boring to chat with those who are lacking in humour. They carried on with their experiment in spite of the lack of facilities. Its a pity that he did not finish his schooling for lack of
49、 money. They are so rich that they lack for nothing. 句型转换They could not finish their work on time because they lack money. They could not finish their work on time for lack of money. Lacking in money, they could not finish their work on time. 4. worthwhile adj. 值得(做)的(可作表语、定语或补语)教材原句And if what I do
50、 as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what Im doing is worthwhile. (P40)如果作为一名老师我所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个如此成功的成年人, 那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。【词块必记】 【误区释疑】worth一般只作表语, 可用程度词well修饰, be worth doing用主动形式表示被动意义; 而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。【语境速测】 单句语法填空Someti
51、mes I doubt whether its worthwhile studying(study)abroad for some Chinese students. This article is well worth reading (read), but it is not worthy of being translated/to be translated (translate). 句型转换The question is not worth discussing. The question is not worthy of being discussed. The question
52、is not worthy to be discussed. 【写作金句】Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think it is well worthwhile experiencing/to experience this festival. 既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣, 我认为这个节日很值得你体验。5. urge vt. 力劝; 催促; 强烈要求n. 强烈的欲望, 冲动教材原句At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continu
53、e, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison. (P42)起初, 人们赞同他的研究并敦促他继续进行, 但是后来当他证明亚里士多德错了的时候, 他们就生气了, 把他关进了监狱。【词块必记】(1)urge sb. to do/into doing sth. 强烈要求某人做某事urge sth. on/upon sb. 向某人强调某事urge that sb. (should) do sth. 极力主张某人做某事It is urged that. . . (should) do s
54、th. 坚决要求(2)have an urge to do sth. 有做某事的强烈欲望(3)urgent adj. 紧急的, 紧迫的【误区释疑】urge后跟that从句或在句型It is urged that. . . 中时, that从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气, 即“should+动词原形”, should可以省略。【语境速测】 单句语法填空They urged that the Science Museum (should)be kept(keep)open during the vacation. He urged me to accept/into accepting(accept)h
55、is suggestion. 一句多译他要求我们立即采取行动。He urged us to take an immediate action. He urged us into taking an immediate action. He urged that we(should)take an immediate action. 【写作金句】Due to the urgent epidemic situation, everyone should spare no effort to prevent the disease from harming more people. 由于疫情紧急,
56、每个人都应该不遗余力地防止疾病伤害更多的人。6. assume vt. 假定, 假设; 认为教材原句Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth? (P43)为什么亚里士多德认为太阳绕着地球转? 【词块必记】(1)assume sb. /sth. to be. . . 假定/假设某人/某事为It is assumed that . . . 人们认为(2)assumption n. 假定, 假设make an assumption 认为; 假定on the assumption that . . . 假定; 在假定的情况
57、下(3)assuming (that) . . . 假设/假定【熟词生义】The court assumed responsibility for the girls welfare. 承担(责任)【语境速测】 单句语法填空It is generally assumed that hard work leads to great success. Assuming(assume)that you are right, what should we do next? 句型转换Considering what she has done, we assume her to be warm-heart
58、ed. Considering what she has done, we assume(that)she is warm-hearted. It is assumed that she is warm-hearted considering what she has done. 7. lay off解雇; 裁员; 停止教材原句Three months ago, when my manager told me that I would be laid off, my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger. (P36)三个月前, 当我的经
59、理告诉我, 我将被解雇时, 我的脑子一片空白, 满腔怒火。【词块必记】【语境速测】 单句语法填空The car factory is going to lay off around 150 workers because of the drop in sales. Grace laid out the knives and forks at the lunch table. The enemy were forced to lay down their arms and give in. My parents live a simple life in order to lay aside e
60、nough money for my higher education. 完成句子Meanwhile, we also well lay stress on the research and development for new products. 与此同时, 我们也非常注重新产品的研究和开发。She stole the money but shes trying to lay the blame on me. 她偷了钱, 却想把责任推到我身上。8. It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views
61、as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle(384-322 BC). 人们愿意相信这些古老的见解, 因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384公元前322)提出来的, 这毫不奇怪。【典型例句】It is reported that the fall of the landslide has caused two hundred deaths. 据报道, 山体滑坡已致200人死亡。It happened that we were all out that day. 碰巧那天我们都不在家。【句型公式】(1)It
62、is not surprising that. . . 表示“不足为奇”。it为形式主语, 真正的主语是that从句。“Its+adj. +that. . . ”常用来表示“令人感到”。(2)it作形式主语的句型还有: It+be+过去分词(said, reported等)+that. . . It+不及物动词(seem, appear等)+that. . . It+be+名词短语(a pity, no wonder等)+that. . . 【语境速测】 完成句子It is a pity that you didnt attend my birthday party last night. 很
63、遗憾你昨天晚上没有参加我的生日聚会。句型转换Obviously, he doesnt want to spend too much money. It is obvious that he doesnt want to spend too much money. That our team has won the game is no surprise. It is no surprise that our team has won the game. That I couldnt ask for his opinion is a pity. It is a pity that I could
64、nt ask for his opinion. . 单句语法填空1. (2020新高考全国卷)Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration(inspire) to her family and thats pretty powerful. 2. (2019天津高考)If you see anything suspicious(suspect), please call Campus Security on 0800863800. 3. (2018浙江高考)No one will ever know what mix of
65、talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished(distinguish)writer. 4. (2018江苏高考)It found many youngsters(少年)now measure their status by how much public approval (approve)they get online, often through “likes”. 5. (2019江苏高考)A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to th
66、e park authorities on the assumption(assume) that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers. . 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Im a senior three student and now Im busy preparing for the coming College Entrance Examination. In class, Im 1. buried(bury) in studying in order to have access 2. to
67、 a key university. Im outgoing and I believe I can adapt 3. myself(my) to the college life as soon as possible. Its time that I should study hard to distinguish myself and at the same time I also hope the teachers can instruct me 4. in my learning methods. To have a bright future, I think it is wort
68、hwhile 5. to study (study)hard. How I wish I were a college student now. Tom was laid 6. off by his boss last month. Thats because he often 7. suspected(suspect)others and assumed he was the best. After reflecting again and again, he realized he had no alternative but to overcome his shortcomings, w
69、hich was approved 8. of by his parents. Fortunately, he found a job soon. Next week, he will set 9. off for Shanghai to begin his new job. My whole family is very proud of him. Meanwhile, my brothers change also 10. inspires(inspire) me to study harder. . 短文改错In recent years great changes have been
70、taken place in my hometown. Ten years before, the small and low houses that lie on the north of the lake produced much waste. As the result, the lake was seriously polluted. To the west was a sandy field, what was the source of dust. Even worst, a brickyard on the southwest of the lake used a great
71、deal good soil. Now the poor houses have been replaced by green trees but the brickyard by tall buildings. The sandy field the villagers used to dig is covering with fruit trees. Tourists from nearby towns often spend the weekend boat on the lake. 答案: 1. 【解析】第一句去掉been。take place不能用于被动语态。 【易错警示】不能用于被
72、动语态的一些动词短语belong to, consist of, date back to, date from, break out, come about, get through, run out等。2. 【解析】第二句before ago。“时间段+ago”与一般过去时连用; “时间段+before”常与过去完成时连用。3. 【解析】第二句lie lay。此处讲的是过去的事情, 所以用一般过去时。4. 【解析】第三句As后面的the a。as a result是固定短语, 表示“因此”。5. 【解析】第四句what which。which引导非限制性定语从句修饰a sandy fiel
73、d。what不能引导定语从句。6. 【解析】第五句worst worse。even worse表示“更糟糕的是”。even修饰比较级。7. 【解析】第五句deal后面加of。a great deal of是固定短语, 表示“许多”, 修饰不可数名词。【知识链接】只能修饰不可数名词的表示“许多, 一些”的词语much, a large amount of, amounts of, a little。8. 【解析】第六句but and。此处前后是并列关系。9. 【解析】第七句covering covered。be covered with被覆盖着。10. 【解析】第八句boat boating。此
74、处boat是动词, 表示“划船”。根据spensome spend some time doing sth. 可知用boating。核心素养培养学生乐于学习、善于学习、终身学习的好习惯, 树立学生与时俱进、顺应时代发展的价值观高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解B; 2020全国卷阅读理解B; 2020全国卷阅读理解D; 2020 天津高考阅读理解A. 话题与阅读理解(2020全国卷阅读理解B)Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puz
75、zles help children with math-related skills. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predic
76、tor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of a
77、ge have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes, ” Levine said in a statement. The parents were asked to interact with their children
78、 as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex
79、 puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls. The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science. 【文章大意】研究人员发现拼图游戏可以帮助培养孩子数学方面的技能, 如空间技能。1. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle p
80、lay? A. Building confidence. B. Developing spatial skills. C. Learning self-control. D. Gaining high-tech knowledge. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的Psychologist Susan Levine. . . found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. 以及第三段的. . . found children who play wi
81、th puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills. . . 可知, 玩拼图可以培养孩子的空间技能。故选B。2. What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment? A. Parents age. B. Childrens imagination. C. Parents education. D. Child-parent relationship. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Puzzle play was
82、 found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for differences in parents income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. 可知, Levine在设计她的实验时会考虑父母的收入、教育以及和父母谈话的量。故选C。3. How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play? A. They play with puzzles more often. B. They tend
83、to talk less during the game. C. They prefer to use more spatial language. D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段的However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls可知, 男孩比女孩更倾向于玩较复杂的拼图。故选D。4. What is the text mainly about? A. A mathematical method. B. A sc
84、ientific study. C. A woman psychologist. D. A teaching program. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。研究人员发现拼图可以帮助培养孩子数学方面的技能, 如空间技能。另外, 根据文章中出现的researchers和findings可推断这篇文章讲的是一项科学研究。故选B。【知识拓展】难句剖析The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play
85、 with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. 分析: 第一个and连接并列谓语; who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age是关系代词who引导的定语从句, 修饰children。when assessed at 54 months of age是状语从句的省略。翻译: 研究人员分析了53对孩子和父母在家里的日常活动的录像, 发现年龄在26个月到46个月之间玩拼图
86、的孩子在54个月大的时候被评价时有更好的空间技能。【微技能点拨】 如何做阅读理解的主旨大意题1. 串线法。抓首段和其余各段的第一句话, 把其意思连接成一个整体, 要注意总结性的提示词和转折词, 特别要注意中心句。2. 小心首段陷阱。3. 主旨大意题错误选项的干扰特征经常是: (1)局部信息, 即选项的内容小于文章的内容。(2)范围太宽, 即选项的内容大于文章的内容。本文中第4题为主旨大意题。根据策略解题如下: Step 1题干关键词: the text mainly aboutStep 2原文信息关键句: researchers, findingsStep 3两者对比, 定位关键句: 尝试解答
87、 B。【微技能点拨】 如何做阅读理解的主旨大意题1. 串线法。抓首段和其余各段的第一句话, 把其意思连接成一个整体, 要注意总结性的提示词和转折词, 特别要注意中心句。2. 小心首段陷阱。3. 主旨大意题错误选项的干扰特征经常是: (1)局部信息, 即选项的内容小于文章的内容。(2)范围太宽, 即选项的内容大于文章的内容。本文中第4题为主旨大意题。根据策略解题如下: Step 1题干关键词: the text mainly aboutStep 2原文信息关键句: researchers, findingsStep 3两者对比, 定位关键句: 尝试解答 B。【语用提能】话题词汇puzzle, m
88、ath-related, development, spatial, cognition, education, assess, perform, ability, study, complex, active短语句式interact with, play with, 状语从句的省略等熟词新义puzzle n. 拼版玩具【微语法填空】(2020全国卷阅读理解B改编)Researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics
89、 1. development (develop)in young children at the University of Chicago, 2. found(find) children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after 3. controlling(control) for differences in parents i
90、ncome, education and the amount of parent talk. The researchers analyzed video recordings 4. of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children 5. who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when 6. assessed(assess) at 54 months of age
91、. The parents were asked 7. to interact (interact)with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more 8. frequently(frequent), and both boys and girls who played with
92、 puzzles had better spatial 9. skills(skill). However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles 10. than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls. . 话题与写作假如你是李华, 你的笔友Peter告诉你长大后他想成为一名宇航员。你回信告诉他你对他的梦想的看法。要点如下:
93、 1. 建议他多了解太空知识并要集中精力学习; 2. 相信未来他会为本国的太空探索做出贡献。注意: 1. 词数100左右; 2. 可适当增加细节; 3. 尽量使用本单元的知识点。Step 1写作技巧词汇提升You decided to become an astronaut. You made up your mind to become an astronaut. 句式多变 (条件状语从句)You will contribute to your countrys space exploration. We will offer our congratulations on your achi
94、evements. If you make contributions to your countrys space exploration, we will offer our congratulations on your achievements. Step 2妙笔成篇Dear Peter, I am delighted to hear that you made up your mind to become an astronaut when you grow up. From my point of view, its admirable to have a great goal w
95、orth fighting for. Meanwhile you should know and learn more about the universe. Now that you are determined, you should also concentrate on your studies so as to realize your dream. If you make contributions to your countrys space exploration, we will surely offer our warm congratulations on your ac
96、hievements. Wish you success. Write back soon. Yours, Li Hua【加固训练】阅读填句(2020新高考全国卷)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 1 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortab
97、le. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking. ” 2 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about an
98、y mistake is the one who is speaking. Peoples attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message. So, dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its a truly serious one. 3 Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 4 And like everything
99、 else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 5 Its rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. ” On the other hand, you probably cant count the times that youve thought, “Im glad that talk is over. It se
100、emed to go on forever! ” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A. Do the opposite. B. You want to be an effectiv
101、e public speaker. C. You dont need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G. However, the majority of people are eff
102、ective speakers because they train to be. 【文章大意】文章就如何成为一个好的演讲者提出了一些建议。1. 【解析】选G。结合上文“有些人生来有演讲的天赋”和下文“你想成为一个好的演讲者吗? 这里有一些你必须要掌握的原则”可推知那些没有天赋的人可以通过培训成为好的演讲者, 故选G。2. 【解析】选A。结合上文you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking. ”和下文Focus on the speaking. 可知上面做得不对, 要改成下面的做法。故选A。3. 【解析】选C。结合上一句“只
103、要错误不是很严重你就不要停下来”可知告诉你犯错误很正常, 你没必要为一些小错误道歉, 故选C。4. 【解析】选B。结合上一句“你的目标不是成为一个完美的演讲者”可推知下一句会提到你想成为一名什么样的演讲者, 故选B。5. 【解析】选D。结合下文内容都在说演讲的内容要简短, 以及观众喜欢的演讲的样子, 可推知本段的主题应为演讲简短收到的效果更好, 故选D。【难句剖析】So, dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its truly serious one. 分析: 本句是带有两个状语从句的复合句, unless引导的是条件状语从句; when you. . . 是一个时间状语从句。翻译: 所以, 当你犯错误时不要停止演讲, 除非错误非常严重。 关闭Word文档返回原板块