1、03 课后演练提能夯实基础知识. 用括号内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空1. _(fail) three times, he didnt want to try again.答案：Having failed2. The manager, _(make) it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room.答案：having made3. _(tell) the story many a time, the little girl can retell it in detail.答案：Having been told4
2、. I crossed the street to avoid _(meet) him, but he saw me and came running towards me.答案：meeting5. So hot here, isnt it?Yes, why not try_(turn on) the air conditioner?答案：turning on6. We regret _(inform) you that your application has not been successful.答案：to inform7. I absolutely refuse _(take part
3、 in) anything that is illegal.答案：to take part in8. I tried _(catch) the early bus, but I couldnt.答案：to catch. 句型转换(将下列句子转换为分词短语形式)1. I had never seen him before, so I didnt recognize him._， I didnt recognize him.答案：Having never seen him before2. When I finished my homework, I went out to play footba
4、ll with my friends._， I went out to play football with my friends.答案：Having finished my homework3. Because they had been asked to stay, they couldnt possibly leave right away._， they couldnt possibly leave right away.答案：Having been asked to stay4. When he arrived at the station, he found the train h
5、ad left._， he found the train had left.答案：Arriving at the station5. Although he had failed many times, he didnt lose heart._， he didnt lose heart.答案：Having failed many times. 单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1. 2013重庆高考The engine just wont start. Something seems_(go) wrong with it.答案：to have gone考查非谓语动词。句意：发动机无法启动。看起
6、来它出了些问题。sb./sth. seems加不定式，为固定句式，常指“似乎发生了什么”。而此处故障已经发生了，故使用seem to have done。2. 2012重庆高考_(ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.答案：Having been asked考查非谓语动词。句意：我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一部精彩的电影。非谓语动词所表示的动作和逻辑主语I之间是被动关系，且所表达的动作发生在谓语动词missed之前，故应用现在分词的完成被动形式。having been asked既表被动，又表完成，在句中
7、作原因状语。3. 2012湖南高考Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _(do) to achieve the final success.答案：to be done考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有一个好的开始，但是接下来，更多的工作还需要做，以实现最终的成功。need表“需要”后跟to be done或动词ing形式(主动形式表被动)且工作应该是将去被做，为to be done形式，符合题意。4. 2013辽阳高二检测_(finish) his work, Tom went to have dinner with his collea
8、gues.答案：Having finished句意：完成工作后，汤姆和同事们去吃晚饭。“完成”这个动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，应用having done的形式。5. _(reelect) President of the US, Obama made a warm speech in Chicago which lasted over five minutes.答案：Having been reelected考查非谓语动词。句意：再次当选美国总统后，奥巴马在芝加哥发表了持续五分钟的热情讲话。Having been reelected现在分词完成式的被动形式，既表示选举完成，又表示已被选上。6.
9、 _(warn) of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend following her.答案：Having been warned句意：因为被警告晚上在街上的危险性，她不得不在朋友的跟随下回家。warn和主句谓语had to go home有先后顺序，在先的动作warn用完成式，表被动。7. 2013日照高二检测There is nothing more I can try _(persuade) you to stay, so I wish you good luck.答案：to persuade句
10、意：对于说服你留下来这件事我已经束手无策了，因此我只能祝你好运。try to persuade.意为“尽力去说服”。I can try _you to stay为定语从句，省略了作try宾语的关系代词that。8. I didnt mean_(eat) anything, but the cake looked so delicious that I couldnt help trying a piece of it.答案：to eat考查mean的用法。句意：我本没想吃什么东西，但那蛋糕看上去是那么美味，我禁不住尝了一块。mean to do sth.“打算做某事”；mean doing“意
11、味着”。9. 2013蚌埠高二检测The monkey seemed to enjoy _(photograph) with children in the park.答案：being photographed句意：这只猴子好像喜欢在公园里和孩子们一起照相。enjoy后跟v.ing形式，monkey和photograph之间是被动关系。10. The young man, _(make) several attempts to beat the world record in high jump, decided to have another try.答案：having made句意：这位年
12、轻人，曾几次尝试打破世界跳高纪录，决定再试一次。man和make之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词作状语，又因为make several attempts这个动作先于decided发生，所以用现在分词的完成式。提升实战能力. 阅读理解AOnce again, I was in a new school. So was a girl in my class named Paris. Thats where the similarities ended.I was tall and she was short. I was one of the oldest in the class while s
13、he was the youngest. I was awkward(笨拙的) and shy. She wasnt. I couldnt stand her, considering her my enemy. But she wanted to be friends with me.One day, she invited me over and I said yesI was too shocked to say no. Actually no one had invited me over to play before. But this girl, who wore the late
14、st fashions, wanted to see me.She lived on the fourth floor in a tworoom place with her mother, her stepfather, her two brothers and her sister. When we got to the room she shared with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies which was my next surprise. I would have thought shed outgrown(长大而放弃
15、) them. I had never played with them. But we sat on the floor of a walkin cupboard laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies. Thats when we found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older. We both had wild imaginations.We had a great day that afternoon. Our jaws(下巴) ached
16、 from smiling so much. She showed me her outfits(全套服装), which had mostly come from a designer clothing store(时装设计店) down the block. The woman who owned it used her as a model sometimes for her newspaper ads and gave her clothes in exchange.Paris had the whole neighborhood attracted. The bookstore ow
17、ners lent her fashion magazines, the movie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces. Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each others houses, spent every free moment together. My dark hair grew out and I learned to love being tall.Paris, my first
18、real friend since childhood, helped me get through the tough teenage years and taught me an amazing thing about making friends: your “worst enemy” can turn out to be your best friend.作者回忆了转学后，与女同学Paris由相识、敌对到和睦相处，最后成为最要好的朋友的过程以及作者内心的感受。1. Which of the following is most probably the best title?A. A s
19、tory about ParisB. An unlikely best friendC. Life in a new schoolD. A secret of how to make friends答案：B标题归纳题。作者在文中回忆了最初结识Paris的时候，觉得不能忍受她，所以把她当做自己的敌人，后来她们成了最要好的朋友。故B项切题。2. The writer and Paris were similar in that_.A. both of them were new studentsB. both of them were friendlyC. both of them were ta
20、llD. both of them were the youngest in class答案：A细节理解题。从第一段中的“Once again, I was in a new school. So was a girl in my class named Paris.”可以看出两人都是刚到这所学校。故答案为A。3. In the article the writer describes Paris as a girl who was_.A. awkward and shyB. fashionable and proudC. quiet and lonely D. friendly and lo
21、vely答案：D推理判断题。从第二段对两人的对比及下文对Paris的描述中可以看出，Paris跟作者(awkward and shy)不同，她既友善又可爱。4. From the article, we can see that through her friendship with Paris, the writer_.A. found she and Paris had more similarities than differencesB. was able to fit in at her new school with Paris helpC. was not so awkward
22、or shy as beforeD. learned more about fashion herself答案：C推理判断题。从倒数第二段中的“My dark hair grew out and I learned to love being tall.”可以看出，和Paris的友谊对作者帮助很大，作者不再像以前那样害羞了。B2014四川高考 Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found its all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素). Al
23、though known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.“Women tend to be social in their behavior. They often share with others. But men tend to be competitive. They are trying to improve their social status，” said Professor Ryan. Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is le
24、t out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互动) such as falling in love or giving birth. But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interaction
25、s such as envy. Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship. Professor Ryans recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37. Half of the participants (参与者) re
26、ceived oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰剂)After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went through the same procedure with the other material. Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they were asked to analy
27、ze the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions. The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, mens ability to correctly recognize competit
28、ive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better. Professor Ryan thus concluded: “Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise peoples abilities to better distinguish different social interactions. And the behavior differences
29、 between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal.”本文为说明文，题材为科普知识类。文章通过Ryan教授的实验得知：荷尔蒙催生素可以使人们更好地辨别不同社交互动的能力，男女行为的不同主要是由荷尔蒙生理因素引起的。5. What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?A. Placebo. B. Oxytocin.C. The gesture. D. The social status
30、.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知：虽然荷尔蒙催生素被认为是爱情荷尔蒙，但是它对男女有不同的影响。所以答案是B项。6. What can we learn from Professor Ryans previous experiment?A. Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.B. Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.C. Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others succ
31、ess.D. Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand peoples behavior differences.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段可知：在先前的实验里Ryan教授发现，在消极的社交互动中，比如妒忌，荷尔蒙也可以在我们身体里被释放。所以答案为C项(当我们对别人的成功感到不高兴时，我们的身体会释放荷尔蒙催生素)。7. Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?A. To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recog
32、nize social interactions.B. To know the differences between friendship and competition.C. To know peoples different abilities to answer questions.D. To test peoples understanding of body language.答案：A细节理解题。根据第五段可知：进一步的研究表明，荷尔蒙催生素可以提高男性认识竞争关系的能力，但是它可以提升女性认识友谊的能力。通过这个研究结果可以推断出来Ryan教授做这个实验的目的是检测荷尔蒙催生素对
33、人们在认识社交互动能力方面的影响，故选A项。8. The author develops the text by _.A. explaining peoples behaviorsB. describing his own experiencesC. distinguishing sexual differencesD. discussing research experiments答案：D推理判断题。第一段中提到Researchers have found.，第四段提到先前实验的发现，剩下文章详细介绍了最近实验的具体过程和结果，所以可以推断出作者是通过讨论研究实验来写这篇文章的，故选D项。.
34、 语法填空M：Oliver, what do you usually have _1_ breakfast in America?W: I usually have bread, fried eggs, a bowl of porridge for _2_. What about you, Peter?M: I like to have ham and eggs, bread and vegetable, butter, salad and orange, _3_ usual English breakfast.W: More and more young couples in China _
35、4_(come) to like the western breakfast. They think its very _5_(convenience) and good for health.M: _6_(have) western food for breakfast is good for ones health. In England, _7_ most begin working early in the afternoon, they often have fast food for lunch such as sandwiches, apple pies, and beef no
36、odles.W: We often have lunch in a dining hall.M: Do you have the habit _8_ drinking afternoon tea with cakes?W: No, we usually wait for dinner. Its _9_ (big) meal of the day. All the members of the family come home and sit together enjoying dishes with _10_(cook) rice.1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _6. _7. _8.
37、_9. _10. _两位朋友正在谈论美国和中国人的早餐饮食习惯。1. for考查介词。用介词for是固定用法，意为“为了”。2. it考查代词。用it代指breakfast。3. a考查冠词。用a泛指“一顿平常的英国式早餐”。4. have come考查时态。句意：越来越多的中国年轻夫妇开始逐渐喜欢西式早餐了。用现在完成时表示到现在为止进行的动作。5. convenient考查形容词。根据前面的be动词可知用形容词convenient。6. Having考查非谓语动词_6_(have) western food for breakfast整个作主语，所以用动名词形式。7. because/since/for/as考查连词。句意：在英格兰，由于大多数人在下午很早就开始工作，所以他们经常在中午吃快餐。上下文是因果关系。8. of考查介词。the habit of意为“的习惯”。9. the biggest考查形容词。根据下文的of the day可知用最高级，指的是“一天中最隆重的一顿饭”。10. cooked考查动词过去分词。修饰rice用过去分词作定语，rice与cook之间是被动关系。