1、课时分层作业(十五).阅读理解AA study of 500，000 songs released(发行) in the UK between 1985 and 2015 showed that pop music had decreased in happiness and increased in sadness.In a report published in the journal Royal Society Open Science, researchers at the University of California examined hundreds of thousands
2、of songs and classified them by their mood. “Happiness is going down, sadness is going up, and at the same time, the songs are becoming more danceable and more partylike，” coauthor Natalia LKomarova told The Associated Press.The study found songs in 2014 like Stay With Me by Sam Smith, Whispers by P
3、assenger and Unmissable by Gorgon City have a “low happiness” trend. However, tracks from 1984 like Glory Days by Bruce Springsteen, Would I Lie To You? by Eurythmics and Freedom by Wham had a “high happiness” trend. “The public seems to prefer happier songs, even though more and more unhappy songs
4、are being released each year，” the researchers wrote.Apart from the emotional trends, researchers discovered that dances and pop were the most successful styles of music and that there was a “clear downward” trend, with the popularity of rock beginning in the early 2000s. “So it looks like, while th
5、e overall mood is becoming less happy, people seem to want to forget it all and dance，” Komarova wrote in an email.It was also found that the “maleness” of songsthe frequency of male singers in popular musichad decreased during the last 30 years. “Successful songs are characterised by a larger perce
6、ntage of female artists compared to all songs，” they wrote.This discovery appears at a time when the conversation around sex equality in the music industry is at its height, with more male artists and songwriters.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了流行音乐表达的情绪的变化趋势。1The researchers examined lots of songs to Afind son
7、gs for dances and partiesBchoose songs for a journalCrelease more songsDknow better about songsD推理判断题。文章第二段介绍了加州大学的研究者们调查了成千上万的歌曲并把它们按情绪分类，紧接着得出歌曲分类的结果，可见他们调查歌曲的目的是想对歌曲有更多的了解，故选D。A、C两项曲解文意；B项无中生有。2Whose music style tends to bring you more happiness?ANatalia LKomarovas.BSam Smiths.CGorgon Citys.DBruc
8、e Springsteens.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, tracks from 1984 like Glory Days by Bruce Springsteen.had a high happiness trend”可知D项正确。Natalia LKomarova为报道的合著者，而非歌手；Sam Smith、Gorgon City所演唱的歌曲有让人开心感降低的趋势，故排除。3What do we know about songs over the past three decades?ARock became popular in the early 2000s.BFe
9、wer unhappy songs came to light every year.CMale singers were better at performing pop music.DFemale artists were less skilled in writing songs.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“with the popularity of rock beginning in the early 2000s”可知，摇滚乐在21世纪初开始流行，故A项正确。其余三个选项的内容均与文意不符。4What can be a suitable title for the text?AP
10、op Music Is Getting SadderBMusic Calls for Sex EqualityCPop Music Has a Long HistoryDMusic Industry Is Going DownA标题判断题。根据文章首段总述及后续段落的描述可知，全文重点介绍了流行音乐正变得越来越伤感，故选A项。B项仅是文章中提到的一个细节；C项不是文章的重点；D项扩大外延，属过度概括，故排除。BIn many countries of the world，people can confidently tell you the meaning of their town or c
11、ity，but most people who live in Manchester，Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city，however，has a long history.Two thousand years ago，most people living in Britain were Celts(凯尔特人). Even the word “Britain” is Celtic
12、(凯尔特语)Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called “castra”. This is why there are so many place names in England which end in “chester” or “caster” Manchester，for example.The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland，and many place names there are Celtic. For example，Welsh place
13、names that begin with “Llan” come from the Celtic word for “church”After the Romans left Britain，it was attacked by the AngloSaxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often ended in “ham” or “ton”. Some got their names from the leader of the
14、 village.So Birmingham for example，means “Beormunds village”The AngloSaxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them，so we have villages called Upton (village on a hill)a good place to build a village and Moreton (village by a lake)where floods could make life hard. Place names that
15、 end in “ford” (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of AngloSaxon villages.Finally，in 1066 England became Normanthe Normans gave us the place name “grange”，which means farm.And how about London? Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium but they were no
16、t the first inhabitants (居民). People once believed that the United Kingdoms capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fastflowing river. Like a number of British place names，its h
17、istory is lost in time.【语篇解读】本文介绍了英国一些城市名称的含义及原因。5The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of Athe death of local languagesBthe long history of the namesCtheir lack of interest in itDthe frequent changes to the namesB细节理解题。由第一段“most people who live in Manchester，O
18、xford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city，however，has a long history.”可知，人们都无法解释城市名称的含义，是因为英国每个城镇都有着悠久的历史。故选B项。6According to the article，Stratford is most likely a town Aon a hillBnear a castleCbeside a riverDwith a ch
19、urchC推理判断题。由第五段“Place names that end in ford (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of AngloSaxon villages.”，结合题意，可知ford的名字是和河流有关的。故选C项。7Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants in Britain?AThe CeltsThe RomansThe NormansThe Anglo Saxons
20、.BThe CeltsThe RomansThe AngloSaxonsThe Normans.CThe RomansThe CeltsThe AngloSaxonsThe Normans.DThe RomansThe Anglo SaxonsThe CeltsThe Normans.B细节理解题。由第二段“Two thousand years ago，most people living in Britain were Celts.”可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；第二段“Then the Romans arrived”可知 The Romans为第二批；由第四段“After
21、the Romans left Britain，it was attacked by the AngloSaxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland.”可知The Anglo Saxons为第三批；倒数第二段“Finally，in 1066 England became Norman”可知The Normans为最后一批。故选B项。8What does London mean in Celtic?ARiver.BLondinium.CLud.DCastle.A细节理解题。根据最后一段“Our be
22、st guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fastflowing river.”可知，最好的猜测是伦敦这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。故选A项。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Without water，your body would stop working properly. Water makes up more than half of your body weight，and a person cant survive for more than a
23、few days without it. Why? Your body has lots of important jobs and it needs water to do many of them. For instance，your blood，which contains a lot of water，carries oxygen to all the cells of your body. Without oxygen，those tiny cells would die and your body would stop working.Most people think they
24、can get water only from drinking water. However，they can get enough liquid through the drinks they consume every day. These include water，fruit juice，coffee，soda，iced tea，and other drinks. Your body doesnt get water only from drinking water. Any liquid you drink contains water. Lots of foods contain
25、 water，too. Fruit contains quite a bit of water，which you could probably tell if youve ever eaten a peach or a plum and felt the juice dripping down your chin! Vegetables，also，contain a lot of water.How much water should people drink? Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of w
26、ater a day，or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life. But a new report offers some different advice. Experts say people should obey their bodies；they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking. The report says most people meet their daily needs for
27、liquid by letting thirst be their guide.You lose water when you breathe，sweat and so on. So you need to supplement(补充) enough liquid to stay healthy. If you dont get enough water，you could become dehydrated (脱水). If you get very dehydrated，your body will no longer have enough liquid to circulate. Th
28、is is very dangerous. Dehydration also can keep you from being as fast and sharp as youd like to be. Serious dehydration can even make you sick. 【参考范文】Water，making your body function well，is a necessity for human being. (要点1) You can get enough water not only by drinking water but also from other so
29、urces，such as other drinks，fruits and vegetables. (要点2) Lots of people hold the view that people should drink eight glasses of water a day. According to experts，however，people should drink whenever they feel thirsty. (要点3) People have to drink enough water and a lack of water can cause damage to the body.(要点4)