1、核 心 单 词vary vi.变化vt.改变；变更经典例句With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.(2013北京阅读理解A)用EP便携式加热器，房间的各个部分的温度不会有差异。(1)vary with随而变化vary in 在方面不同，有差异vary from.to. 由到情况不等(2)variety n. 变化，多样性，种类a variety of (varieties of )各种各样的(3) various adj. 各种各样的；多方面的Teaching methods _ greatly _
2、school _ school.各个学校的教学方法大不相同。I want to know whether this plant can adapt to _ soils.我想知道这种植物能否适应各种土壤。答案vary；from；toa variety ofinvolve vt.包括；涉及；使参与经典例句The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.考试将包括回答关于一张照片的问题。(1)involve sb in (doing) sth使某人参与(做)某事，使人牵扯到某事中involve doing sth包括做某事；
3、需要做某事(2)involved adj.复杂的；有牵连的；有关的get/be involved in被卷入之中；热衷于，专心于get/be involved with sb/sth与某人混在一起；和有密切联系Sarah wanted to _ a volunteer program.(2012江西阅读理解C)莎拉想参加一个志愿者项目。Try to involve as many children as possible _ the game.尽量让多些孩子参与游戏。答案get involved ininrequest n& vt.请求，要求经典例句He ignored the neighbo
4、rs requests that he should make less noise.他无视邻居要他别那样吵闹的要求。(1)make a request for.请求，要求at sbs requestat the request of sb应某人之要求(2)request sb (not) to do sth请求某人(不)做某事request sth from/of sb 向某人请求某物request (that).(should) do. 请求某人做某事It is requested that.(should) do.据要求He went there _ his manager.他按经理的要
5、求到了那里。It is requested that no one _ the exhibits.参观者请勿触摸展览品。答案at the request of(should) touch名师点睛 request后跟宾语从句、同位语从句或用于“It is/was requested that .”句型中时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，形式为“shoulddo”，should可以省略。favour n恩惠；善意的行为；赞成；偏袒 vt.支持；喜爱；偏袒经典例句My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it
6、.我妹妹反对我的建议而我弟弟赞成。in favour of支持，赞同in sbs favour 对某人有利do sb a favourdo a favour for sb 帮某人忙ask a favour of sb 请某人帮个忙do sb the favour to do sth/do sb a favour by doing sth给某人帮忙做某事The situation both at home and abroad is _.国内外形势都对我们有利。Will you _ by lending me the English dictionary？你能不能帮个忙把英语词典借给我？答案in
7、 our favourdo me a favour集 训 中 心.单词拼写1The price of this type of computer v_ in different shops.2.The fire s_ very rapidly because of the strong wind.3. As you know, human beings sometimes enjoy c_ with others in body language.4If you are u_ of something you do not know it is happening.5This is a(n)
8、_ (非正式的) conversation between the leaders of two countries.6Scientists have _(传统上地) considered talking and listening to be two independent processes.7She got into a real _(恐慌) when she thought shed lost the ticket.8Since he took over the case，he always receives _(恐吓的)emails.答案1.varies2.spreadmunicat
9、ing4.unconscious5.informal6.traditionally7.panic8.threatening.单项填空1(2013福建卷)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _spending quite a lot of time with students.Aenjoys Binvolves Cpractices Dsuggests答案B考查动词词义辨析。句意：米歇尔找到了一份作为中学老师的工作，这份工作涉及要和学生一起度过许多时间。involve包含，涉及；enjoy享受，喜欢；practice练习；sug
10、gest建议，暗示。2(2011湖北卷)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside_ younger men.Ain terms of Bin need of Cin favor of Din praise of答案C考查介词短语辨析。 句意： 当被问及对校长的看法时， 许多老师倒宁愿他退下来支持更年轻的人。 in terms of “就而言”； in need of“需要”； in favor of“赞同，支持”； in pra
11、ise of“赞扬”。 结合句意可知应选C。3(2014江西十所重点中学联考)Whats your opinion of Mr Lis request that we _ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning? Amust Bwould Cshould Dcould答案C考查虚拟语气。request后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即用“(should)动词原形”，表示要求。4Waiter！How much will I pay for a night?Prices _ from room to room.Aincrease B
12、vary Crange Ddivide答案B考查动词辨析。句意：服务员，我住一晚上要付多钱呢？价格因房间而不同。vary from.to.在和之间变化；increase增加；range 归类于；divide分开。核 心 短 语hold up 举起，拿起；支撑；耽搁； 抢劫经典例句The building of the new road has been held up by bad weather.新路的修建工作因天气恶劣而停顿。写出下列句中hold up的意思Its reported that three men held up a jewelers last night._This old
13、 tree is held up by a post._Sorry Im lateI was held up at work._She held up her arm and wiped her tears off._答案抢劫支撑延误抬起【巧学助记】hold up表示“举起”，为什么又表示“抢劫”？原来Hold up your hands！(举起手来！)是强盗抢劫时的用语，由“举起(手来)”引申为“抢劫”。 集 训 中 心.介、副词填空1The little boy gave _ his hiding place when he coughed.2The citizens were warne
14、d to be _ guard against a sudden night attack.3Please hold _ your hand if you have any questions.4I ran into an old friend in the street _ accident.5He lifted _ the box and put it in the truck.答案1.away2.on3.up4.by5.up.单项填空(2014唐山模拟)Why didnt Mr. Smith arrive on time for the meeting?He must have been
15、 _ on his way here in the traffic jam.Aheld up Bput upCtaken up Dgiven up答案A考查动词短语。答语意为“他一定是在来这儿的路上被交通堵塞耽搁了。”hold up表示“延迟，阻碍”。后三项分别表示“建造，张贴”“从事，占据”“放弃”。核 心 句 型In France you should shake hands every time you say hello and goodbye.在法国，每次打招呼或告别时，你都要(与别人)握手。(1) every time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句。(2)有类似用法且可以引导时间状语
16、从句的还有：each time/the first time/next time/the last time每一次/第一次/下一次/最后一次Every time I came into her room, she was so happy because she thought I was her daughter.(2013山东完形填空)每次我进入她的房间，她都是那样的高兴，因为她认为我是她女儿。_ I met her, I felt as if I had seen her somewhere.当第一次见到她时，我感觉好像在某地见过她。名师点睛 the first time表示“第一次”，
17、在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。How should you behave when you meet someone _？(2012安徽任务型读写)当你第一次遇到某个人的时候应该如何表现？答案The first timefor the first time集 训 中 心.完成句子1_(每当他来哈尔滨的时候), he always drops in on me.2_(每次你向某人微笑时), you give a gift to that person.答案1.Each time he comes
18、 to Harbin2.Every time you smile at someone.单项填空(2014苏北四市联考)_ she gets home, she always turns on the TV first, except when it is very late.ANow that BWhileCSince DEvery time答案D句意：每次到家，她总是先打开电视，除非时间很晚了。every time“每次”，可以引导时间状语从句。其他选项不符合句意。.单句改错1The chairman requested that we made a contribution._.2I k
19、new we would be good friends for the first time I met her._.答案1.mademake2.去掉for单 元 语 法条件、让步状语从句1(2014成都模拟)I think you should work harder _ you are satisfied with the way things are.Aif Bwhen Csince Dunless答案D考查状语从句。句意：我认为你应该更努力地工作，除非你对现状满意。根据句意可知，此处用unless引导条件状语从句。unless“除非，除非在情况下”。2(2014青岛模拟)You se
20、em to have a readymade answer _ I ask you a question.Awhenever BwhateverCwhichever Dwhoever答案A考查状语从句。句意：不管我什么时候问你问题，你好像都有现成的答案。根据句意可知应选whenever“不管何时”。3(2014成都一诊)I dont mind how you do it _ you finish the painting on time.OK, I see.Aas well as Bas far asCas long as Das fast as答案C考查连词。句意：“只要你能按时完成这幅画，我不介意你是怎么做的。”“好的，我明白了。”由句意可知as long as“只要”正确。as well as“和一样好，也”；as far as“就而言，远至”；as fast as“和一样快”。4_ the ending is perfect or not, you cant disappear from my world.AWhile BWhether CThough DUnless答案B句意：我的世界不允许你的消失，不管结局是否完美。whether.or.意为“不管是还是”，引导让步状语从句。