1、专题11 语法填空考点研究试卷类型年份体裁话题考点分布及考频新高考I卷2022说明文主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。非谓语动词2；时态和主谓一致2；连词1；名词1；副词1；定语从句1；介词1.新高考II卷2022记叙文讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。非谓语2；冠词1；形容词1；副词1；连词1；动词及时态2名词所有格1；特殊疑问词1.新高考I卷2021说明文文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物云海，温泉以及台阶。形容词2；形容词比较级1；副词1；名词1；连词1；代词1；冠词1；动词时态1；主语从句1.新高考II卷2
2、021记叙文文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。非谓语2；形容词2；序数词1；连词1；名词1；介词1；定语从句1；动词时态和主谓一致1.新高考I卷2020说明文文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。动词时态2；主谓一致1；非谓语动词1；定语从句1；反身代词1；形容词1；连词1；名词1；介词1；新高考II卷2020说明文文章主要介绍了数字世界丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。名词2；形容词1；冠词1；连词1；代词1；非谓语动词1；定语从句1；主谓一致1；动词语态1.真题剖析2022年新高考I卷The Chinese government rec
3、ently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). _56_ (cover)an area about three times _57_ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _58_ (be)previously
4、 unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority _59_ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP _60_ (design)to reflect the guiding principl
5、e of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, _61_ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate _62_ (population)and
6、 homes of giant pandas, and _63_ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve _64_ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protec
7、tion for all the species _65_ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.【答案】56. Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。【5
8、6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。【57题详解】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。【58题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定
9、语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。【59题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。【60题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生
10、态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。【62题详解】考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中
11、作宾语，应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。【64题详解】考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。【65题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护
12、，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。2022年新高考II卷Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fe
13、nce, and held out his arms to catch the _36_ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say hell be OK. _37_ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and
14、 Eric was at home with his father. They both fell _38_ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up _39_ (see) them. When he looked down, he _40_ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung
15、 on for a few minutes _41_ screamed for his father, but his father didnt hear him. Henry _42_ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _43_ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my _44_ (son) life, said Mrs. Br
16、own. I dont know _45_ to thank him. ”I just didnt want the boy to be hurt, said Henry. 【答案】36. falling 37. The 38. asleep 39. to see 40. accidentally 41. and 42. was fixing 43. threw 44. sons 45. how【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时
17、，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知
18、，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词sli
19、pped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。【42题详解】考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。f
20、ix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。【43题详解】考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。【44题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填sons。【45题详解】考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为
21、“如何”，符合句意。故填how。2021年新高考I卷Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song “The Long and Winding Road”. _56_is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we _57_ (human) are.T
22、he hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will _58_(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _59_ (hot) the spring! Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature is always leaving us _60_
23、(astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You cant help wondering how hard it _61_ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure _62_offers a place where you can
24、sit down to rest your _63_ (ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in _64_(I).While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is _65_ must to visit!【答案】56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. asto
25、nished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine 65. a【解析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物云海，温泉以及台阶。【56题】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。【57题】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。【58题】考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly
26、“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。【59题】考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越，越”。故填hotter。【60题】考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。【61题】考查一般过去时。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all thos
27、e rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。【62题】考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，故用并列连词and。【63题】考查形容词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐
28、下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。【64题】考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitors memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。【65题】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为
29、可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。2021年新高考II卷Ive always loved the ocean. In the_36_ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, _37_ (think)it is food.I decided to do something _38_
30、(educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company_39_ used a lot of plastic, Id send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care compan
31、y. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company_40_ emailed its president. I told him how _41_ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so_42_ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He sa
32、id he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, Id send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _43_ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company _44_ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switch
33、ing over _45_ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which#that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. from【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。【36题详解】考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填
34、seventh。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，_2_ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，_3_ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它
35、减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， _4_ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我
36、很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。【43题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉
37、我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从.到., 所以填from。2020年新高考卷IMany people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, _36_ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection
38、 at home until it got too big _37_ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _38_ (form) the core collection of the British Museum _39_ opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public _40_ (call) galleries or rooms. Ofte
39、n, only a small part of a museums collection _41_ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _42_ (they) living at a di
40、fferent time in history or _43_(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical _44_ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete _45_peoples sp
41、are time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.【答案】36. wealthy 37.or 38. formed 39. which/that 40. are called 41. is 42. themselves 43. walking 44. accuracy 45. for【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。36.考查形容词。句意
42、:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。37.考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or:或者。故填or。38.考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。39.考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定
43、语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。40.考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。41.考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museums collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is s
44、tored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。42.考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。43.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。44.考查名词。句意:历史的准确性
45、很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。45.考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了竞争”。故填for。2020年新高考卷IIThese days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders_36_（begin）computer classes. At the sa
46、me time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop_37_（education）computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a_38_（require）for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a commo
47、n tool in most_39_（profession）The Digital World is a set of volumes_40_aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores_41_wide range of material, explains the basic conce
48、pts of major applications of digital systems, _42_discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics_43_（be）practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Re
49、aders_44_（encourage）to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of_45_（we）Further Resources section featured in each volume.【答案】36. to begin 37. educational 38. requirement 39. professions 40. that/which 41. a 42. and 43. is 44. are encouraged 45. our【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字世界丛书的出版的背
50、景和目的等方面信息。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课，这些都很常见。本题考查“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构，该结构it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填to begin。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，电脑游戏越来越受欢迎，主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教育电脑程序。修饰名词computer programs，前用形容词形式。故填educational。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多
51、数职业的通用工具。动词become后接名词作宾语，根据前面的不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填requirement。【39题详解】考查名词的数。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession为可数名词，根据前面的most修饰可知用复数形式。故填professions。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：数字世界是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为volumes，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which
52、。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响。a range of一套；一系列。wide是以辅音音素发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响。前后句为并列关系，所以用连词and。故填and。【43题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的，所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个示例，并解释技术的基本原理。the number of的数目，后接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时。故填is。【44题详解】考查语态。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时。故填are encouraged。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resources section，前用形容词性物主代词。故填our。
