1、英语选修7外研版Module 4 Section 3素材（单词及短语用法）Module 4 Music Born in America-Section 3 Words and Expressions素材Section 3 Words and Expressions from Module 4 Music Born in Americavain adj. 自负的； 爱虚荣的unsuccessful or useless; of no value:The doctors gave him more powerful drugs in the vain hope that he might reco
2、ver.FORMAL It was vain to pretend to himself that he was not disappointed.She is very vain about her good looks. 无用的；无结果的；徒劳的But she claims she isnt vain. 但是她声明她并不自负。a vain attempt 无用的尝试 vain promising 空头许诺in vain 徒然，枉然unsuccessful or useless:I tried in vain to start a conversation.All the polices e
3、fforts to find him were in vain.All our work was in vain.The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds.devote v.1 to give all of sth., especially your time, effort or love, or yourself, to sth. you believe in or to a person: He left government to devote more time to his family.She has devo
4、ted all her energies/life to the care of homeless people.R At the age of 25, he decided to devote himself to God.Madam Curie was devoted to the study of science.2 often passive to use a space, area, time, etc. for a particular purpose: Over half his speech was devoted to the issue of unemployment.Th
5、e report recommends that more resources be devoted to teaching four year olds.Net chat may be interesting, but you should not devote all your time to doing it.The doctor is determined to devote his whole life to studying SARS virus.beg v.1 I or T to ask for sth. urgently and without pride because yo
6、u want it very much: They begged for mercy.+ speech “Please, please forgive me!” she begged (him).+ object + to infinitive He begged her to stay, but she simply laughed and put her bags in the car.2 I or T to ask for food or money because you are poor: There are more and more homeless people begging
7、 on the streets these days.She had to beg for money and food for her children.They yell their names at concepts and beg for autographs.3 I If a dog begs, it sits with its front legs in the air as if to ask for sth.: They have trained their dog to sit up and beg.quit v. to stop doing sth. or leave a
8、job or a place:Would you quit your job if you inherited lots of money?+ ing form of verb Im going to quit smoking.Quit wasting my time!Press Q to quit the program.I have quit my job.He has not quit smoking, but is holding down to three cigarettes a day.One friend of mine has decided to quit his high
9、ly paid but demanding position in his company recently.refreshing adj. 爽快的，凉爽的，使人精神振奋的1 making you feel less hot or tired: Theres nothing more refreshing on a hot day than a cold beer.I had a refreshing drink.2 pleasantly different and interesting:Its a refreshing change to see a losing team shaking
10、 hands and still smiling after a mon sense of a most refreshing sort 与众不同的常识decline n.when sth. becomes less in amount, importance, quality or strength:industrial declineHome cooking seems to be on the/in decline (= not so many people are doing it).a decline in the number of unemployedShe seemed to
11、be recovering and then she went into a decline.The protesting activities went into decline when the new government came to power.v. to gradually become less, worse, or lower:His interest in the project declined after his wife died.The partys popularity has declined in the opinion polls.FORMAL The la
12、nd declines sharply away from the house. Helen angrily declined to attend the meeting. harmony n. 1 when people are peaceful and agree with each other, or when things seem right or suitable together:racial harmony (= good feelings between different races)domestic harmony (= good feelings in the fami
13、ly or home)Imagine a society in which everyone lived together in (perfect) harmony.People in the small town live in perfect harmony.We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment.2 a pleasant musical sound made by different notes being played or sung at the same time:singing in
14、 harmonyThe tune is in harmony with the rhythm in the music.It is a simple melody with complex harmonies.protest n. 1 C or U a strong complaint expressing disagreement, disapproval or opposition:Protests have been made/registered by many people who would be affected by the proposed changes.A formal
15、protest was made by the German team about their disqualification from the relay final.Conservation groups have united in protest against the planned new road.2 C an occasion when people show that they disagree with sth. by standing somewhere, shouting, carrying signs, etc:a public protest against th
16、e wara peaceful/violent protestv.1 to show that you disagree with sth. by standing somewhere, shouting, carrying signs, etc:A big crowd of demonstrators were protesting against cuts in health spending.US Outside, a group of students were protesting research cuts.2 to say sth. forcefully or complain
17、about sth.: A lot of people protested about the new working hours.They protested bitterly to their employers, but to no avail.+ that A young girl was crying, protesting that she didnt want to leave her mother.All through the trial he protested his innocence (= strongly said he was not guilty).techni
18、que n.a way of doing an activity which needs skill:We have developed a new technique for detecting errors in the manufacturing process.Shes a wonderfully creative dancer but she doesnt have the technique of a truly great performer.improvise v.1 to invent or make sth., such as a speech or a device, a
19、t the time when it is needed without already having planned it:I hadnt prepared a speech so I suddenly had to improvise.To sleep on, we improvised a mattress from a pile of blankets.2 When actors or musicians improvise, they perform without fixed speech or music, making it up as they perform it:Duri
20、ng certain scenes of the play there isnt any script and the actors just improvise (the dialogue).emerge v.1 to appear by coming out of sth. or out from behind sth.:She emerged from the sea, blue with cold.2 to come to the end of a difficult period or experience:The Prince emerged unscathed from the
21、scandal.arise v.to happen: (arose, arisen)Should the opportunity arise, Id love to go to China.Could you work on Saturday, should the need arise (= if it were to be necessary)?Are there any matters arising from (= caused by) the last meeting?boom n. a period of sudden economic growth, especially one
22、 that results in a lot of money being made:This year has seen a boom in book sales.The insurance business suffered from a vicious cycle of boom and bust.the property boomv. The leisure industry is booming (= is very successful).pace n.1 the speed at which someone or sth. moves, or with which sth. ha
23、ppens or changes:a slow/fast paceWhen she thought she heard someone following her, she quickened her pace.Could you slow down a bit - I cant keep pace with (= walk or run as fast as) you.For many years this company has set the pace (= has been the most successful company) in the communications indus
24、try.These changes seem to me to be happening at too fast a pace.I dont like the pace of modern life.2 force the pace to make other people in a race go faster by going faster yourself3 a single step, or the distance you move when you take a single step: Take two paces forwards/backwards.The runner co
25、llapsed just a few paces from the finish.tight adj., adv.(held or kept together) firmly or closely:I cant untie the knot its too tight.This lid is on very tight.The people stood talking in tight groups.Hold on tight when we go round this corner.Check that windows and doors are shut tight (= complete
26、ly closed) before you leave.The plastic cover was stretched tight (= stretched as much as it could be) across the tank. adj. 1 If you have a tight feeling in your chest you have an uncomfortable feeling of pressure, caused by illness, fear, etc.2 Controls or rules that are tight are ones which sever
27、ely limit what can happen.3 If time or money is tight, there isnt enough of it: Im sorry I cant stop, times really tight.Theyre raising three kids on one small salary so money is very tight.4 Clothes or shoes that are tight fit the body too closely and are uncomfortable: That jackets too tight - you
28、 want a bigger size.deadline n.a time or day by which sth. must be done:Theres no way I can meet that deadline.Were working to a tight deadline (= We do not have much time to finish the work).Im afraid youve missed the deadline - the deadline for applications was May 30th.swap v.to give sth. and be
29、given sth. else instead; to exchange:When youve finished reading your book, and Ive finished mine, shall we swap?We swapped addresses with the people we met on holiday.When he got a job in a bank, he had to swap his jeans and T-shirt for a suit (= he had to wear formal clothes instead of informal on
30、es).+ two objects Ill swap you my chocolate bar for your peanuts.We spent the evening in the pub, swapping (= telling each other) stories/jokes.n. UK ALSO swop an exchange, or sth. that is going to be or has been exchanged:I thought Simons food looked nicer than mine, so we did a swap.This comic is
31、a swap (= something that was exchanged) that I got from Nick.经典时文背诵Homework SuggestionsMany beginning college students have not developed good study habits and find the transition (转换) to college work to be quite difficult. You may find some aspects of this course to be frustrating (使感到灰心) to you; t
32、his is natural, but you should try not to let that block you from succeeding at the course.Here are some hints that you should consider:Dont do your homework in front of the TV or with the radio or stereo going. These are distractions (分心的事物) and will prevent you from concentrating on the material y
33、ou are studying. Some students say: But I work better with music going; they are deluding (迷惑) themselves. What they actually mean is I enjoy it more when theres music going. That may be true, but studies indicate that it takes students longer, and the results are worse, if there are distractions like music and television when they are working on their homework. If you must listen to music while studying or doing homework, at least listen to classical music; studies show that this makes you smarter.