1、2015黑龙江省铁力市高考英语阅读理解暑假训练（4）及答案【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（3）】Some are born great. Some achieve greatness. Some have greatness come up to them. We can at least think of two youngsters who have achieved greatness. One is Sachin Tendulkar. He first competed for India in test cricket(板球对抗赛) when he was sixteen.
2、He is hailed as the boy wonder of Mumbai. The other is Kutraleeswaran, the child genius from Chennai who created waves as a swimmer. He was born in the year 1981. Kutraleeswaran took to swimming when he was in Grade Two. He was drawn to Marina. He started practising in the sea. He used to swim for h
3、ours. The first event he participated in was known as the Rippon Meet. He won his first medal and moved to higher levels of competition. Soon he started participating invarious long-distance swimming competitions across the world. Kutraleeswaran swam across the English Channel. That was his first cr
4、oss-country swimming. He swam across the Palk Strait at a very young age. He reached the top of his career when he swam six waterways in the same calendar year. That was how his name and picture got into The Guinness Book of World Records. He instantly became popular. He was invited by many countrie
5、s. He visited England, Australia, Turkey and Italy. He owes his success to two things: practice and perseverance. Here is an interesting incident. When Kutraleeswaran went to Italy in 1994, the government officials were impressed by his performance. They offered Kutraleeswaran all training facilitie
6、s and asked him to represent their country. He declined the offer politely because he was an Indian through and through.36. The underlined word hailed in Paragraph I most probably means_. A. asked B. hired C. admired D. criticized37. It was _and practice that made Kutraleeswaran succeed. A. ability
7、B. bravery C. luck D. perseverance38. Why did Kutraleeswaran refuse the offer in Italy? A. Because he loved India. B. Because he was an Italian. C. Because his wife was an Indian. D. Because his wife was from Italy.39. How is the passage organized? A. Topic - Argument - Explanation B. Topic- Example
8、s - Conclusion C. Introduction- Comparison- Discussion D. Introduction- Examples - Explanation40. Which statement about Kutraleeswaran is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? A. He became famous immediately. B. He swam across the English Channel. C. He appeared in The Guinness Book of World Records. D
9、. He went to many countries like England, China and so on.【参考答案】36-40 CDADD有些人是天生非凡，有些人则是靠后天达成，而有些人是不得不强大。本文所讲述的两位小伙子属于第二类。36. C。词义猜测题。根据上下文语境和第一段最后一句中的“wonder”可以猜测出答案。37. D。细节理解题。根据最后一段的He owes his success to two things: practice and perseverance.可以得知。38. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的.because he was an Indian th
10、rough and through.得知。39. D。文章结构题。第一段总起，继而介绍了两个案例，后面则是对案例二Kutraleeswaran的具体说明。40. D。细节推理题。根据第三段He visited England, Australia, Turkey and Italy.可知答案。阅读理解(2013陕西，C)According to sociologists(社会学家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层). Class, power and status are im
11、portant in deciding peoples rank in society.Class means a persons economic position in society. A commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class. While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the United States qui
12、te well. One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class. Interestingly, a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!Power refers to the amount of control a person h
13、as over other people. Obviously, people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power, but people who take orders from others have less power. Power and class do not always go hand in hand, however. For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not b
14、elong to a corresponding (相应的)economic class. Generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. To our knowledge, there arent too many people who arent millionaires in the US. Senate!Status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society. It can also be affected
15、by power and class, but not necessarily so. For example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，阐明了阶级、权力、地位的定义以及三者之间的关系。13What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?APeople earning $50,000
16、a year belong to the middle class.BNearly half Americans belong to the middle class.CPeople generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.DSociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.答案：B细节理解题。由第二段第四句话可知美国中产阶级占46%，差不多一半，故B项正确。由第五句话“有趣的是年收入五十万美元的外科医生和五万美元的公交车司机都自认为是中产阶级”，是“自认为”，所以AC
17、项都不对。由第三句话可知D项错误。14According to the text, we know that _.Apower and class do not always correspond with each otherBstatus refers to a persons economic position in societyCpeople with high status have a lot of control over othersDclass is less important in deciding a persons social rank答案：A细节理解题。由第三段
18、第三句话Power and class do not always go hand in hand，可知A项正确。由第四段第一句话可知B项错误；由第四段最后一句话可知C项错误；由第一段第二句话可知D项错误。15Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?答案：A语篇结构题。第一段总体介绍阶级、权力、地位在确定一个人的社会等级方面都很重要，第二三四段分别说明了阶级、权力、和地位，采用了总分结构。故选A项。阅读理解 (2013安徽，B)Using too much water or throwing rubbish in
19、to our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌)a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from l
20、akes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts (干旱)than areas with more rainfal
21、l, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs. Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to liv
22、e, but there a lot we can do to lower the number. You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher (洗碗机) only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home.You can even help
23、to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。水是我们日常生活中不可缺少的，但是你知道吗？我们日常生活中的一些举动，比如铺砌道路和停车场，都有可能使我们的水供应受到威胁。我们要从自身做起，帮助使我们的水供应干净清洁。8Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?AUsing river water. BThrowing batteries away.CPavi
24、ng parking lots. DThrowing rubbish into lakes.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段的“You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. .The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知，铺砌道路和停车场会导致更少的地下水。9What can be inferred from the text?A
25、All water shortages are due to human behavior.BIt takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.Cthere is much we can do to reduce family size.DThe average family in America makes proper use of water. 答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可排除A项；通读全文可知，要想满足我们的水需求，有很多事情要做，不是一件简单的事情，需要花费很多的努力，故B项正确；C项的family size错误；根据倒数第
26、二段的“In the United States ，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but theres a lot we can do to lower the number.”可知，D项错误，普通美国家庭用的水是很多的。10The last paragraph is intended to _.Ashow us how to fix leaks at homeBtell us how to run a dishwasherCpr
27、ove what drinking glass is bestDsuggest what we do to save water at home答案：D推理判断题。文章最后一段主要讲述在家如何节约用水，故选D项。11The text is mainly about _.Awhy paving roads reduces our waterBhow much we depend on water to liveCwhy droughts occur more in dry climatesDhow human activity affects our water supply答案：D主旨大意题。
28、文章主要讲述的是人类的活动如何影响水的供应，A、B两项只是文章的部分内容；C项文章未详细解释。阅读理解 (2013苏锡常镇二调，B)I began writing poems fifteen years ago while I was in college. One day I was in the library, working on a term paper, when I came across a book of contemporary poetry. I dont remember the title of the book or any of the titles of the
29、 poems except one：“Frankensteins Daughter.” The poem was wild, almost rude, and nothing like the rhymeandmeter poetry I had read in high school. I had always thought that poetry was flowery writing about sunsets and walks on the beach, but that library book contained direct and sometimes shocking po
30、etry about dogs, junked cars, rundown houses, and TVs. I checked the book out, curious to read more.Soon afterward, I started filling a notebook with my own poems. At first I was scared, partly because my poetry teacher, to whom this book is written for, was a serious and strict man who could see th
31、e errors in my poems. Also, I realized the seriousness of my devotion. I gave up geography to study poetry, which a good many friends said offered no future. I ignored them because I liked working with words, using them to reconstruct the past, which has always been a source of poetry for me.When I
32、first studied poetry, I was singleminded. I woke to poetry and went to bed with poetry. I memorized poems, read English poets because I was told they would help shape my poems, and read classical Chinese poetry because I was told that it would add clarity to my work. But I was most taken by the Span
33、ish and Latin American poets, particularly Pablo Neruda. My favorites of his were the odeslong, shortlined poems celebrating common things like tomatoes, socks and scissors. I felt joyful when I read these odes, and when I began to write my own poems, I tried to remain faithful to the common things
34、of my childhooddogs, alleys (小巷), my baseball mitt (手套) and the fruit of the valley, especially the orange. I wanted to give these things life, to write so well that my poems would express their beauty.I also admired our own countrys poetry. I saw that our poets often wrote about places where they g
35、rew up or places that impressed them deeply. James Wright wrote about Ohio and West Virginia, Philip Levine about Detroit, Gary Snyder about the Sierra Nevadas and about Japan, where for years he studied Zen Buddhism (禅宗佛教). I decided to write about the San Joaquin Valley, where my hometown, Fresno,
36、 is located. Some of my poems are absolute observations and images of naturethe orange yards, the Kings River, the Sequoias (红杉). I fell in love with the valley, both its ugliness and its beauty, and quietly wrote poems about it to share with others.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者写诗的经历。4What does the passage
37、 mainly talk about?AThe authors experiences with poetry.BThe authors method of writing poetry.CThe authors appreciation of poetry.DThe authors interest in studying poetry.答案：A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者写诗的经历。故答案选A。5From the first paragraph, we can learn that _.A“Frankensteins Daughter” was a flowery poet
38、ryBthe author was able to memorize most poems he readCthe author began to get in contact with poetry of different stylesDthe author was curious to read more of rhymeandmeter poetry答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句中的“that library book contained direct and sometimes shocking poetry about.”可知，作者开始接触到不同类型的诗歌。C项与文章
39、内容相符。故答案选C。6Which of the following would the author most probably write about in his poem?AMoving love stories in history. BObservations of classical poems.CTrue feelings of human friendship. DAppreciation of wild valley flowers.答案：D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其是最后一句中的“I fell in love with the valley”并结合全文可知，作者在他
40、的诗中最有可能表达对野山谷花的喜爱。故答案选D。7Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe authors friends all encouraged him to give up geography to poetry.BThe author became devoted to poetry because of his teachers strictness.CThe author loved to find sources of poetry from nature and from the past.DS
41、panish and Latin American poems influenced the author as much as Chinese ones.答案：C推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“using them to reconstruct the past. a source of poetry for me”并结合文章最后三段可知，作者擅长在过去和自然中寻找写诗的资源。故答案选C。阅读理解 (2013皖南八校第三次联考，C)BEIJINGChinas Beijing and Shanghai cities and Guangdong Province on Sunday pu
42、blished plans to gradually allow migrant workers(外来务工人员) children to enter senior high schools and sit college entrance exams locally.They are the latest in a total of 13 provinces and municipalities(市) to formulate plans to ensure that rural children who have followed their parents to cities can en
43、joy the same rights as their urban peers in education.Beijing will allow migrant workers children to attend local vocational schools in 2013 and allow them to be matriculated by universities after graduating from the vocational programs in 2014, said a statement from the citys commission of educatio
44、n.Shanghai took a step further, saying it will allow migrant children in the city to enter local senior high schools, vocational schools and sit college entrance exams (commonly known as gaokao) locally starting in 2014.Guangdong has asked its cities to start recruiting(招收)migrant workers children i
45、n local senior high schools in 2013. The province will allow these children to sit gaokao and compete with local residents on an equal feeting in college entrance starting in 2016, Luo said the restrictions would be relaxed gradually and “step by step” as the province must solve the conflict between
46、 its gigantic migrant population and a scarcity of education resources.Migrant workers, whose children could be benefited by the new plans of the three regions, must have residential permits, stable jobs and incomes, and meet other local requirements, according to the plans.Chinas hukou, or househol
47、d registration system, used to confine children to attending schools in their home provinces. A 2003 regulation amended this by allowing migrant workers children to receive the nineyear compulsory education in cities where their parents work.Official figures show that China has more than 250 million
48、 farmersturnedworkers living in cities. An estimated 20 million children have migrated with their parents to the cities.文章大意：在北京、上海和广东的务工子女，能够就地入学或高考了。12Whats the best title of this passage?A.Chinas educational reform on the wayB.Migrants dreams come trueC.Reform plans published for migrant children
49、s educationD.Migrants ask for equal rights in education答案：C主旨大意题。 这是一篇新闻报道，第一段就是新闻的主要内容。C项很好地概括了新闻的主要内容，并符合标题的特点。13Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Beijing，Shanghai and Guangdong took the lead in making plans for migrant childrens education.B.There are altogether
50、13 provinces and municipalities that have made plans for migrant childrens education.C.Beijing will allow migrant workers children to enter the local school in 2013.D.Migrant workers children began to receive senior high school education in cities where their parents work in 2003.答案：B细节理解题。由第二段的第一句得
51、知B正确、A错误；由第三段得知C错误；由第七段中的A 2003 regulation .to receive the nineyear compulsory education in cities where their parents work.得知D错误。14Which of the following words can the underlined word“confine” be replaced by?A.limit Bprevent Cprotect Dresist答案：A词义猜测题。根据所在句子的意思：“中国的户口过去_了孩子们只能在他们家乡省份上学。”，并结合上下文，可知是“
52、限制”，而不是“阻止”、“保护”或是“抵制”。15Which of the following statements can be inferred according to the passage?A.Guangdong will allow migrant workers children to sit gaokao locally in 2016.B.Chinas hukou is now no longer important and should be cancelled.C.The Chinese government should continue deepening the educational reform.D.It is likely that not all migrant workers children can enter senior high schools or sit gaokao in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong with the new plans polished.答案：D推理判断题。由第六段得知：在北京、上海和广东，能够就地入学或高考的孩子的父母必须符合几个条件。言外之意：不符合条件的就不能享受这一政策。故D正确；A项为事实，而非推断；B、C文中无依据。