1、2015黄冈中学一轮英语阅读理解练习（1）及答案（精品）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When Debbie Macomber decided to pursue her dream of becoming a writer，she rented a typewriter，put it on the kitchen table，and began typing each morning before the kids went to school.When the kids came home，she moved the typewriter and
2、 made them dinner.When they went to bed，she moved it back and typed some more.For two years，Debbie followed this routine.Supermom had become a struggling writer and she was loving every minute of it.One night，however，her husband，said to her，“Honey，Im sorry，but youre not bringing in any income.We can
3、t do this anymore.We cant survive on just what I make.”That night，her heart broken and her mind too busy to let her sleep.She stared at the ceiling in their darkened bedroom.Debbie knewwith all of the responsibilities of keeping up a house and looking after four kidsthat working 40 hours a week woul
4、d leave her no time to write.Seeing her despair，her husband woke up and asked，“Whats wrong？”“I really think I could have made it as a writer，I really do.”Wayne was silent for a long time，and then said，“All right，honey，go for it.”So Debbie returned to her dream and her typewriter on the kitchen table
5、，pounding out page after page for another two years.Her family went without vacations，pinched pennies，and wore handmedowns.But the sacrifice and the persistence finally paid off.After five years of struggling，Debbie sold her first book.Then another.And another.Until finally，today，Debbie has publishe
6、d more than 100 books，three of which have been sold for movies.Over 60 million copies are in print，and she has millions of loyal fans.And Wayne？All that sacrifice in support of his wife paid off handsomely.He got to retire at age 50 and now spends his time building an airplane in the basement of the
7、ir 7,000 squarefoot mansion.Debbies kids got a gift far more important than a few summer camps.As adults，they realize what Debbie gave them was far more importantpermission and encouragement to pursue their own dreams.【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了Debbie Macomber坚持不懈地追逐自己的梦想，最后取得成功的故事。1Her husband asked her to give
8、 up writing because _.Ahe wanted her to do more housework rather than just writeBshe couldnt earn any money and it was hard for them to make ends meetChe wanted her to find a betterpaid job that interested herDhe thought keeping up a house was a wifes responsibility解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知她的丈夫感到自己一个人挣钱实在难以应付
9、家庭的开支，希望她能放弃写作，去挣钱分担家庭的负担，故B项符合题意。答案B。2Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?ADebbie spent 40 hours in writing a week before she succeeded as a writer.BDebbies family often went out on vacations without her.CDebbies husband gave up his own job to support her writing.DDeb
10、bies success has brought her lots of money.解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二、三段可知，Debbie作为一个职业作家获得了巨大的成功，改善了家人的生活条件，故D项符合文意。答案D。3We can infer from the last paragraph that _.AWayne doesnt benefit from her wifes successBDebbie has great influence on her childrens going after their dreamsCDebbies kids all realized their
11、dreams as adultsDDebbie is a failure as a mother while she is a success as a writer解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Debbie支持鼓励她的孩子追求梦想，给了孩子们比野营更重要的礼物，Debbie对她的孩子追求梦想有着极大的影响，故B项正确。答案B。4Whats probably the best title for the passage?AGo for it BA great mother CUnion is strength DWriting pays more解析主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Debbi
12、e Macomber坚持不懈地追逐自己的梦想，并取得成功的故事，告诉我们要努力争取，坚持不懈。Go for it表示“努力争取”，形象地表达了文章的主旨。答案A.。阅读理解-史地常识类- (2013九江二模)阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Its interesting to see how people make use of the time they spend on public transport in Indian cities like Delhi and Mumbai.In crowded buses and trains people
13、 manage to take a short nap and some even reach the snoring stage.Or they spread out a newspaper over multiple knees and arms to read about the latest sport results or political crisis.Then there are the experienced travellers who have been playing cards with the same group over the last decade or s
14、o.They even have their specific seats so wellworn that you can make out the shape of their backsides.There is no doubt about it.Travelling by public transport is being in the thick of the seasons of lifea sweaty life in summer where people，blissfully unaware of the rivers of sweat running down their
15、 brows and inside their clothes.At the first smell of a perfumed man or woman boarding the stuffy bus or train，most people feel they are reborn.During the rains you cant avoid getting wet or muddied.The windows，almost always，are not a perfect fit and if youre not drenched by a sudden，heavy rain show
16、er then you are bound to catch a jet spray of muddy water caused by a fellow motorist driving fast through a puddle.The rains are a perfect time for people to switch their old umbrellas for new ones.Since there are so many that look alike，its impossible to tell whose is whose.Winter is the time when
17、 it feels goodor at least warmto be part of a crowd.It is amazing how much the collective breaths of a hundred or so people can raise the freezing temperature inside.Looking at the masses dressed in their bright red pullovers or green coats，its fun to imagine what faces lie beneath their dark woolen
18、 hats.The cold winter passes，making way for spring.It is impossible not to see every little flower by the wayside blooming proudly.And the warm sun manages to transmit some of their pleasantness to the inside of a bus or train.Now，wouldnt it be perfect if we had public transport worth the name in al
19、l our cities? 【语篇解读】 普通的画面，平常的生活，变化的季节，永恒的旋律，印度的公共交通工具上每天都演绎着平凡人平淡的故事。1On Indian public transport，you can always expect to see people _.Asleeping and reading newspapers Barguing and playing gamesCenjoying the view and playing cards Dcarrying umbrellas and whispering politely解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的内容可知在印度的公共
20、交通工具上，可以看到人们在睡觉或者在看报纸。答案A。2According to the author what will make passengers feel refreshed when travelling in summer?AThe cool evening breeze.BThe rain pouring over their clothes.CThe joy of a game of cards.DThe sweet fragrance of a new passenger.解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句的内容可知，一位新乘客散发出的香味能让车上的乘客神清气爽，犹如重生。答
21、案D。3If you see people in colourful clothing and breathing heavily，you are probably travelling during the _.Asummer Brainy seasonsCwinter Dspring解析推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的内容可推知，当人们穿着各色衣服并且大口呼吸的时候，这里是”冬季”。答案C。4We can infer from the passage that _.AIndian people dont mind switching umbrellas with othersBalmost
22、everyone in India wears perfume when they go outCthe buses and trains are old and in poor conditionsDIndian transport is the most crowded in the world解析推理判断题。结合第三段以及第五段中的内容可推知，公共汽车和火车都很破旧。答案C。5What is the tune of language used in this passage?AHumourous. BCritical.CFrightening. DConcerned.解析推理判断题。文章
23、生动形象地刻画了印度公共交通工具上的众生相，根据文章中的多处细节描写可知作者笔调“幽默”。后三项分别表示“批判的”“令人恐惧的”“担心的”，都不是本文的写作风格。答案A.阅读理解-科普常识类 (2013浙江，B)阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Below is a selection from a popular science book.If blood is red，why are veins(静脉) blue?Actually，veins are not blue at all.They are more of a clear，yellowish
24、 colour.Although blood looks red when its outside the body，when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin，its more of a dark reddish purple colour.At the right depth，these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin，making them look blue by comparison.Which works hard
25、er，your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise，and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But，in the long run，your brain probably tips it，because even when youre sitting s
26、till your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart，and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.Why do teeth fall out，and why dont they grow back in grownups?Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long；they fall out to make room for bigger，stronger adult teeth later on.Adult teeth f
27、all out when they become damaged，decayed and infected by bacteria.Once this second set of teeth has grown in，youre done.When theyre gone，theyre gone.This is because nature figures youre set for life，and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no.Man
28、y people do get shorter as they age.But，when they do，it isnt because theyre shrinking all over.They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average
29、of 34 cm in height as they age，while women may lose 5 cm or more.If you live to be 200 years old，would you keep shrinking till you were，like 60 cm tall，like a little boy again？No，because old people dont really shrink！It is not that they are growing backwardstheir legs，arms and backbones getting shor
30、ter.When they do get shorter，its because the spine has shortened a little.Or，more often，become more bent and curved.Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?Because your brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling.The brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmot
31、ionsensing organs in your inner ear，which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable.But，when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control，and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!Where do feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of
32、the brain called the limbic system.All mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs，cats，and humans.So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear，pain and pleasure.But since human feelings also involve other，newer bits of the brain，we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.If
33、 exercise wears you out，how can it be good for you?Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.And as far as your body is concerned，its “use it，or lose it”！Its not that exercise makes you healthy；its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.1What is
34、the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?ABlue. BLight yellow.CRed. DDark reddish purple.解析细节理解题。根据第一个标题下的“.its more of a dark reddish purple colour.”可知答案。答案D。2Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?ABecause their spine is in active use.BBecause they are more eas
35、ily affected by gravity.CBecause they keep growing backwards.DBecause their spine becomes more bent.解析细节理解题。根据第四个标题下的“They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)”可知，老年人变矮是因为脊柱收缩和弯曲造成的。答案D。3Which of the following statements a
36、bout our brain is true?AIn the long run，our brain probably works harder than our heart.BWhen our brain senses the spinning，we will feel dizzy.CThe brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.DOur feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.解析细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的
37、第三句“But，in the long run，your brain.”可知答案为A项。此题最易误选B项，根据第五个标题下的最后一句可知，眩晕是由于 “你已经不动了，而你的大脑认为你还在动”的错觉引起的。答案A。4What is the main purpose of the selection?ATo give advice on how to stay healthy.BTo provide information about our body.CTo challenge new findings in medical research.DTo report the latest disc
38、overies in medical science.解析写作意图题。考生易误选D项，但是在医学领域，概括失误。文章主要涉及我们身体的问题，包括身体的、情绪的等等。故选择B项较全面。答案B。阅读理解-社会现象类-(2013湖北，D)阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years t
39、han those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to es
40、timate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the fu
41、ture.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being
42、 too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder RLang, a professor at the University of ErlangenNuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who wer
43、e pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施)，”the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in
44、poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions
45、.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the auth
46、ors concluded.1According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?AOptimistic adults. BMiddleaged adults.CAdults in poor health. DAdults of lower income.解析细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句话“The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated thei
47、r future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”可知中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。故选B项。答案B.2Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people_.Ato fully enjoy their present lifeBto estimate their contribution accuratelyCt
48、o take measures against potential risksDto value health more highly than wealth解析细节理解题。由第六、七段中的关键信息“.people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions.”及“.contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施).”可知对未来持悲观态度的人会对他们的行动更加小心并且采取一些预防措施，故选C项。答案C.3How do people o
49、f higher income see their future?AThey will earn less money.BThey will become pessimistic.CThey will suffer mental illness.DThey will have less time to enjoy life.解析细节理解题。由第八段第一句话“Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income w
50、ere associated with expecting a greater decline.”可知工资高的人会预料他们未来工资的下降，故选A项。答案A.。4What is the clear conclusion of the study?APessimism guarantees chances of survival.BGood financial condition leads to good health.CMedical treatment determines health outcomes.DExpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，the authors concluded.”可知对未来生活满意度的预测随年龄的增长而下降。答案D.。