1、英语译林牛津版选修7Unit 2学案（Grammar讲练及答案）Grammar and usage 1. enquiry: n. C (pl. enquiries) 询问；打听；调查 further 进一步调查 make enquiries about 询问情况 learn sth. by 询问得知2. ward: n. 保卫；牢房；病房；监护 surgical 外科病房 vt. 守护；保卫；防止；挡住 keep watch and over a person 日夜监视某人3. annual: adj. 一年一次的；每年的；一年生的 n. 一年生植物；年刊；年鉴 What is your in
2、come? 你的年收入是多少？ an event 年度大事 ly: adv. 每年；每年一次4. arrangement: n. U 布置，准备（用作pl. 形式） We have finished all the s for the party. 我们已经完成了所有聚会的准备。 We made an to meet at the airport. 我们安排在机场见面。 arrange: v. 安排；排列；协商 a room / flowers / books 安排一个房间 / 摆放鲜花 / 摆放书本 (for) a taxi 安排一辆出租车 an appointment for sb. wi
3、th sb. else 为某人安排与别人约会 Ive ed for him to meet me.我已经安排他和我见面。 练习： 1. Have you made arrangements for you journey to Russian? 2. Before going away, he arranged his business affairs.5. receptionist: n. 招待员；传达员 reception: n. CU 接待；招待会；接收 desk （旅馆，饭店的）接待处 room 接待室；Jim had an enthusiastic when he returned
4、home.吉姆回家时受到了热情的款待。Our school gave a to our new principal. 我们学校为新校长举行了欢迎会。Her calm of the bad news surprised her friends.她听到坏消息镇定自若，令她的朋友们惊奇。练习： 1. 我受到他们友好的招待。I got a friendly reception from them. 2. 他们昨天举行了婚礼。They held / gave a wedding reception yesterday.6. pleasure: n. U 愉快，高兴，满足 C 乐事，乐趣，娱乐，消遣 He
5、 finds great in reading. 他从读书中得到很大的乐趣。 It is a to work with you. 和你一起工作真是件乐事。 Phrase:at ones 随便，听便for 为了取乐 have the of 使某人有幸 with 愉快的，高兴的 take (a) in doing sth. 以为乐，喜欢 It is ones to do sth. 做某事是的荣幸（用于自谦） It is my to speak here. 能在这儿讲话是我的荣幸。 May I have the of doing sth. with sb. = Will you do me the
6、of doing sth. with me? 用于邀请对方做某事的恭敬用语。练习： 1. Its been a wonderful evening. Thank you very much. _. A. My .B. Im glad to hear that. C. No, thanks. D. its OK. 2. I had a really good weekend at my uncles. A. Oh, thats very kind of you. B. Oh, Im glad to hear that. C. Congratulations. D. Its a . Key: A,
7、 B7. turn into = change into 把 变成 The magic spell turned the frog back into a man.魔咒把那只青蛙变回了人。 Can you turn the sentence into good English? 你能把这个句子译成地道的英语吗？ Turn Phrase:turn away 转身不看 turn down 调低，拒绝 turn into把 变成 turn over 翻身，移交 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn out 结果是 turn to 救助于 turn in 上交练习： 1. The P
8、residents unfortunate remark _ the incident from a trivial matter _ a serious controversy. A. turn, up B. turned, out C. turned, down D. turned, into 2. Water can _ a desert _a garden. A. change, into B. turn, into C. transform, into D. all above Key: D, D8. try 短语系列：try on 试穿 try to do 努力做try doing
9、 尝试做 try out 试验 try out for 参加练习： The idea must be _ before its put into practice. A. tried on B. tried out C. tried at D. tried for Key: B9.put 短语系列： put away 收拾，处理 put aside 放在一边，搁置 put down 写下，记下 put forward 提出 put up 穿上，上演 put off 推迟 put out 熄灭 put up with 忍受练习： 1. He _ work _ and made some coff
10、ee. 2. He never _ dishes after meals. 3. The plan she _ at the meeting was agreed to by most people present. 4. Never _ till tomorrow what you can do today. 5. I cant _ these insults any more. Key: 1. put; aside 2. put away 3. put forward 4. put off 5. put up with10. look 短语系列：look after 照看 look dow
11、n upon 轻视，看不起 look into 调查，朝里面看 look up to 尊敬，尊重 look on sb. as 把某人看作 look out (for) 当心，注意 look through 审核，仔细地看 look up 向上看，查阅11. set 短语系列： set about doing 开始做，处理set aside 留出，对不予考虑set down 写下，记下 set off 出发，动身，使爆炸，引起，激发set out 陈列，出发，动身，开始set up 设置，竖起，创立，引起练习： 1. A new government _ after the civil war
12、. A. was set up B. came into being C. was founded D. all the above 2. The pupil set out _ his homework as soon as he went home. A. doing B. to do C. for doing D. to doing 3. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children.A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. had s
13、et up Key: D; B; B12. make 短语系列：make use of 利用make up 编造，弥补，化妆 make up for 补偿make for 前往be made up of 由组成 make it make oneself understood / heard 使某人 make an arrangement 安排13. take 短语系列：take down 写下，记下 take off 脱下，成功 take up 从事，拿起 take away 拿起，使消失，取走 take place 发生 take advantage of 利用 take after 象，学
14、样子 take apart 拆开，粗暴对待，剖析 take back 送还，接回，取消，使回忆起 take for 认为，以为 take on 披上，呈现，具有，雇用，承担 take over 把从一地带到另一地，接受，接管练习： 1. Now Ill give you some tablets to take_ the pain. 2. The policeman took _ all particulars of the accident. 3. Take you coat _ and sit down. 4. Now his hair has taken _ a healthy shin
15、e. 5. So many young men want to take _ writing. Key: 1. away 2. down 3.off 4. on 5. up14. fill 短语系列： in 填充，填写 out 填写 with 使充满 up 填满，被塞满15. split up 分裂 练习： 1. The party _ three small groups.A. splited up into B. split up into C. split among D. splited up among 2. Lets _ the coast and profits _ all of
16、 us. A. spilt; in B. spilt; up C. spilt; among D. spilt; into Key: B; C16. a handful of 少量的，少数的 练习： Only _ students turned up. A. a number of B. a handful of C. a quantities of D. a great deal of Key: B阅读理解Generational differences and the economy are shifting more responsibilities for children from
17、their parents to grandparents, according to a new survey.More than one-third of grandparents aged 50 and older contribute financially to their grandchildrens upbringing, and 11 percent have a grandchild living with them, the poll by AARP showed.40 percent of people who responded to the telephone sur
18、vey, whose average age was 69, reported spending more than 500 on grandchildren over the past year beyond traditional gifts. Education costs accounted for about 50 percent, daily expenses for about 32 percent and medical and dental costs for about 18 percent.16 percent provided daycare for grandchil
19、dren.“They are the safety nets for American families, helping to pay for practical expenses and necessities,”said Amy Goyer, AARPs multigenerational and family issues (问题) expert.“We see many providing daycare services, while growing numbers even have grandchildren living with them,”she said, referr
20、ing to the 16 percent who watch their grandchildren while the parents are at work or at school.Overall, nearly 90 percent of the 1,904 grandparents questioned said they play a very or somewhat important role in their grandchildrens lives, and about 70 percent live within 50 miles of the closest one.
21、The poll conducted by Woelfel Research Inc. also showed that grandparents increasingly adapted to the younger generations life issues and preferred ways of communicating.More than one-third connect with their grandchildren via email, Skype or text messaging, while half said they routinely discuss to
22、pics ranging from values to drug and alcohol use.Nearly 40 percent said they had discussed dating or sex with at least one grandchild. About 60 percent said they spoke with their grandchildren at least once a week.Most of the grandparents said they had five or more grandchildren, while one-fourth sa
23、id they have grandchildren of a different race, mixed race or different ethnicity.1. According to Paragraph 3, what did the spending of over 500 last year NOT involve?A. Traditional gifts.B. Education cost.C. Daily expenses.D. Medical and dental costs.2. When do the 16% of the grandparents polled ta
24、ke care of their grandchildren?A. When the parents are retired.B. When the parents are working or buying gifts.C. When the parents are at work or at school.D. When there are three generations in the family.3. Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage?A. One-third of grandpa
25、rents aged 50 and older assist in bringing up their grandchildren.B. The grandparents surveyed offered nets to their grandchildren.C. Many grandparents polled said they play an important role in their grandchildrens lives.D. A majority of the grandparents surveyed said they had five or more grandchi
26、ldren.4. What is the best title of the passage?A. American grandparents are more responsible for grandchildrenB. Woelfel Research Inc. and AARPC. Generational differences and the present economyD. Grandparents and their grandchildren1. A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，电话调查的应答者有40%报告说，他们去年除了传统礼物外，给孙子孙女花的钱在500美元以上。其
27、中教育费用约占50%，日常开支约占32%，医疗和看牙花费约占18%。故选项A正确。2. C 细节理解题。根据文章第六段可知16%的祖父母在他们的子女工作或求学期间帮助照看孙子孙女。3. D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知。4. A 主旨大意题。文章主要围绕着隔代差异和经济形势将更多抚养孩子的责任从父母身上转移到了祖父母身上这个话题展开的。故选项A作为文章标题最佳。阅读理解What is it that makes people laugh? More than two thousand years ago the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle def
28、ined (定义) jokes as the pleasure that results from a feeling of joy by showing were better than someone else in a certain way. According to Aristotle and many other philosophers, all jokes depend mainly on showing inferiority in another person or group of personsthat is, putting it clearly, on showin
29、g that they are worse off than ourselves. Jokes raise our good opinion of ourselves at someone elses expense.Showing how much better than other people we are is only one reason why we like jokes. Someone may also use a joke to express their anger or their cruelty or any other kind of action that is
30、not acceptable to us. We feel free to laugh when we hear about someone sliding on a banana skin. The joke lets us express those attitudes which are usually unacceptable to society. This is probably the reason why some of the jokes, especially those involving cruelty, are so popular with certain peop
31、le.Besides, all jokes depend on our enjoyment of laughing at something that is strange and out of place because its different from things which are happening around it. The same situation can be either sad or pleasant, depending entirely on how strange and out of place it is. If a girl in a bathing
32、suit falls into a swimming pool, we dont laugh because nothing unusual has happened. But if a man in a smart suit falls in, the situation is at once unusual in a pleasant way and we laugh. A good joke-teller will always try to build up a situation in which one thing is expected until something unexp
33、ected suddenly happens, and so we laugh.1. The underlined word “inferiority”(in Paragraph 1) means _.A. something that is not as good as something elseB. something that is better than something elseC. someone that is not as good as someone elseD. someone that is better than someone else2. According
34、to Aristotle, all jokes depend mainly on _.A. showing inferiority in another person or group of personsB. resulting in a sense of successC. having a good opinion of other peopleD. making people laugh unexpectedly3. What will a good joke-teller always try to do?A. Make a sad situation into a pleasant
35、 one.B. Make different things happen at the same time.C. Make an unexpected thing happen in an expected situation.D. Make people laugh at something unusual and out of place. 1. A 词义猜测题。从第一段“worse off情况更坏”可知inferiority意为“低等，劣等”。2. A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知A正确。3. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知“讲笑话的高手往往努力创造出这样一种情景，在这种情景下人们期待的
36、事情是没有期待发生的事情突然发生了，因此我们笑了”。故C项“于期待的情景中使未期待的事情发生”符合题意。阅读理解Bill Gates and the president of General Motors have met for lunch, and Bill is going on and on about computer technology.“If automotive technology had kept pace with computer technology over the past few decades, you would now be driving a V-32
37、 instead of a V-8, and it would have a top speed of 10,000 miles per hour,” says Gates.“Or, you could have an economy car that weighs 30 pounds and gets a thousand miles to a gallon of gas. In either case, the sticker price (标价) of a new car would be less than 50. Why havent you guys kept up?”The pr
38、esident of GM smiles and says, “Because the federal government wont let us build cars that crash four times a day.” Why is that funny (or not funny, as the case may be)? Human beings love to laugh, and the average adult laughs 17 times a day. Humans love to laugh so much that there are actually indu
39、stries built around laughter. Jokes, sitcoms and comedies are all designed to get us laughing, because laughing feels good. For us it seems so natural, but the funny thing is that humans are the only species that laughs. Laughter is actually a complex response that involves many of the same skills u
40、sed in solving problems.Laughter is a great thingthats why weve all heard the saying,“Laughter is the best medicine.” There is strong evidence that laughter can actually improve health and help fight disease. When we look at laughterwhat it is, what happens in our brains when we laugh, what makes us
41、 laugh and how it can make us healthier and happier, theres a huge amount about it that no one understands yet.1. The best title of the passage is _.A. JokeB. LaughterC. FunD. Humor2. Which of the following sentences in this passage is the most humorous?A.“You would now be driving a V-32 instead of
42、a V-8.”B.“It would have a top speed of 10,000 miles per hour.”C.“The sticker price of a new car would be less than 50.”D.“The federal government wont let us build cars that crash four times a day.”3. Which one is NOT true according to the passage?A. Human beings love to laugh.B. Humans laugh because
43、 it can fight disease.C. Laughter is a complex response of humans.D. Laughing can make humans feel good.1. B 标题概括题。文章第一、二段以一个笑话（比尔盖茨和通用汽车的总裁之间的对话）导入文章的主题“笑”。下文围绕着人类的“笑”展开。故选项B正确。2. D 句意理解题。通用汽车的总裁使用了双关语起到了诙谐的效果。crash有“（车辆等）相撞”之意，也有“（电脑）死机”之意。3. B 细节理解题。文章最后一段中There is strong evidence that laughter can actually improve health and help fight disease. 提及有证据表明笑确实能够改善人的健康，有助于抗病，但这并不意味着人们是因为笑能抗病而笑。