1、2022届湖南省天壹名校联盟高三上学期入学摸底考试英语卷考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时
2、间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15.答案是C。1. What will the speakers probably do?A. Go shopping. B. Take a holiday. C. Eat something.2. What can we learn about the man?A. Hes busy. B. Hes hungry. C. Hes embarrassed.3. When is the library open?A. At 7:30. B. At 8:0
3、0. C. At 8:30.4. What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Try somewhere else. B. Quit the present job. C. Remain at the restaurant.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends. B. Teacher and student. C. Driver and passenger.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个
4、小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the woman complain about?A. Boring travel plans. B. Hot weather. C. Short summer holidays.7. What does the man mean at the end of the talk?A. It will cool down over the weekend.B. The wea
5、ther forecast is not accurate.C. Going to the pool is a good idea.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What can we know about the man?A. He is not a local resident here.B. He often ignores the traffic rules.C. He doesnt know the woman at all.9. What will the woman do?A. Tour around the city. B. Buy something to drink.
6、 C. Park her car somewhere.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant.11. When did the two speakers last meet?A. About two years ago. B. About three years ago. C. About four years ago.12. What did Jack do when he was in Britai
7、n?A. He taught English. B. He worked in a company. C. He continued with his study.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Who is going to have dinner with the woman?A. David. B. Paul. C. Jane.14. What troubles the man?A. His client is difficult to please. B. He has no time to keep a date. C. The printer doesnt work.15
8、. What does the woman say about the mans problem?A. It is easy to handle. B. It is demanding. C. It doesnt make sense.16. What will the woman probably do next?A. Get changed. B. Call for a technician. C. Ring her husband.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where is the new museum situated?A. On Liberty Island. B.
9、 On Ellis Island. C. In the City of New York.18. When did the Statue of Liberty open to the public?A. In 1954. B. In 1892. C. In 1886.19. How many visitors are permitted into the Statue every year?A. About 900,000. B. About 500,000. C. About 400,000.20. What can visitors see in the new museum?A. The
10、 statue of the creator of Lady Liberty.B. The inside structure of Lady Liberty.C. The constructing process of Lady Liberty.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummer is the best season to experience the worlds beauty. Here are some of the best destinations th
11、at you cant afford to miss in the world.Maui , HawaiiMaui is a volcanic island. If you love snorkelling, you must see the rainbow of coral and tropical fishes. Stay the day in the park and witness its wonderful sunsets. The island consists of a few micro-climates and weather varies drastically depen
12、ding on where you are. The tropical weather can even vary day-to-day with extremes such as sunshine and thunderstorms, so pack accordingly.Corsica t FranceThis small island, also called the “isle of beauty”, displays astonishing natural landscapes. Shocking cliffs drop sharply down to clear waters w
13、hich elsewhere are fringed（带边饰的）with sandy beaches. Plan at least a week in Corsica to discover its secrets!Bora Bora, French PolynesiaBora Bora is popular with tourists for its luxurious resorts（度假胜地）. One of the best hotels is the five star Four Seasons hotel. Surrounded by beaches of white sand a
14、nd blue water protected by a coral reef, it is a really nice place to snorkel and dive. The most impressive sight of the island is in the center of Mount Otemanu where there is a sleeping volcano.Saint John Island, CaribbeanLife moves at a slower pace on Saint John Island. The National Park covers m
15、ore than half of the island. With countless bird, dolphin and turtle species to spot, its no surprise that this is a destination that draws nature lovers. Peace and quietness are abundant, making this an island where relaxation is always on the agenda（议题）.1. What can visitors experience at Maui?A. S
16、harp cliffs.B. Tropical weather change day-to-day.C. The five star Four Seasons hotel.D. Countless bird, dolphin and turtle species.2. Where can visitors see a sleeping volcano?A. Corsica.B. Maui.C. Bora Bora.D. Saint John Island.3. What makes Saint John Island a good place for relaxation?A. Good we
17、ather.B. Peace and quietness.C. Luxurious resorts.D. Clear waters and sandy beaches.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个夏季度假旅游的好地方。【详解】1.细节理解题。由文章Maui Hawaii部分“The island consists of a few micro-climates and weather varies drastically depending on where you are. The tropical weather can even v
18、ary day-to-day with extremes such as sunshine and thunderstorms，so pack accordingly.”（岛上有一些小气候，天气的变化很大，这取决于你所在的地方。热带天气甚至每天都有极端天气，如阳光和雷暴。所以相应的规划旅游。）可知，在Maui游客会体验到不断变化的热带天气。故选B。2.细节理解题。由文章Bora Bora French Polynesia部分“The most impressive sight of the island is in the center of Mount (temanu where there
19、 is a sleeping volcano.”(岛上最令人印象深刻的景象是在泰马努火山的中心，那里有一座沉睡的火山。)可知,在Bora Bora可以见到一座休眠火山。故选C。3.细节理解题。由文章Saint John Island Caribbean部分“Peace and quietness are abundant, making this an island where relaxation is always on the agenda.”(这里充满了和平和宁静，让这里成为了一个放松的地方。)可知.是和平与宁静让SaintJohnIsland成为放松的好地方。故选B。BLouisa
20、May Alcotts writings have been considered good reading for over a century. She was born on November 29, 1832. She was the second of four daughters: Anna, Louisa, Elizabeth, and May. Her father was a teacher and philosopher. He experimented with many different jobs and moved his family a great deal.A
21、s Louisa grew her talent for writing became evident. Her mother encouraged Louisa as she began to write plays and short stories. Her father never stayed with one job long enough to make much money, so Louisa worked as a tutor and maid, and wrote as she found time. In 1854, she published her first bo
22、ok, entitled Flower Fahies.Louisa volunteered as a nurse for the Union army in November, 1862. She was impressed by the sight of so many suffering soldiers. In July, 1865, Louisa went to Europe as a nurse to a young lady. After returning home, she wrote Little Women in 1868. It was unlike any other
23、book she had written.Louisa was a strong supporter of womens rights. This movement started in the early 1800s, when women began to receive higher education and to participate in reform movements which involved them in politics. As a result, they questioned why they should not have equal rights with
24、men. During the next twenty years, Louisa continued to write and advocate womens rights.In 1877, her mother died. Her sister. May. died in 1879, leaving behind her baby daughter. The baby was sent to live with Louisa in 1880. In 1888, Louisas health began to deteriorate（恶化）, so she went to live in a
25、 nursing home. On March 1, she caught a cold and died on March 6, 1888.4. Who encouraged Louisa to write when she was young?A. Her father.B. Her teacher.C. Her sister.D. Her mother.5. When did Louisa write Little Women ?A. When she worked as a tutor and maid.B. When she returned home from Europe.C.
26、When she worked as a nurse to a young lady.D. When she volunteered as a nurse for the Union army.6. What can we know from paragraph 4?A. Louisa led a busy life.B. Louisa participated in reform movements,C. Louisa fought for womens rights actively.D. Louisa quit writing to fight for womens rights.7.
27、What can be a title for the text?A. Louisa May Alcotts Life StoryB. Louisa May Alcotts Most Famous WorkC. Louisa May Alcotts Writings Were Greatly LovedD. Louisa May Alcott Suffered a Lot During Her Short Life【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Louisa May Alcott 的生平。【详解】1.细节理解题。由文章第二段“Her m
28、other encouraged Louisa as she began to write plays and short stories.（当路易莎开始写剧本和短篇小说时，她的母亲鼓励她。）”可知，是Louisa May Alcott 的母亲鼓励她去写作的。故选D。2.细节理解题。由文章第三段“In July, 1865. Louisa went to Europe as a nurse to a young lady. After returning home, she wrote Little Women in 1868.（1865年7月。路易莎去欧洲给一位年轻女士当护士了。回国后，她于
29、1868年写了小妇人。）”可知，Louisa May Alcott是在从欧洲回来后写的Little Women。故选B。3.推理判断题。由文章第四段“Louisa was a strong supporter of womens rights.”(路易莎是女权的坚定支持者)和“During the next twenty years, Louisa continued to write and advocate womens rights.”（在接下来的二十年里，路易莎继续写作并倡导妇女权利。）可知Louisa是积极为妇女们争取权利的。故选C。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Louisa May
30、Alcotts writings have been considered good reading for over a century. She was born on November 29, 1832. She was the second of four daughters: Anna, Louisa, Elizabeth, and May. Her father was a teacher and philosopher. He experimented with many different jobs and moved his family a great deal.”（一个多
31、世纪以来，路易莎梅奥尔科特的作品一直被认为是很好的读物。她生于1832年11月29日。她有四个女儿，分别是安娜、路易莎、伊丽莎白和梅，排行老二。她的父亲是一位教师和哲学家。他尝试过许多不同的工作，并多次搬家。）本文介绍了Louisa May Alcott 的生平。所以A项做标题最恰当故选A。CLast week Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations including the China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Assoc
32、iation, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help form new eating habits for customers. “Restaurants should use means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions,” the proposal said.Catering associations in more than 18
33、 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. On Friday the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele. me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a “half-dish plan”, encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option t
34、o order smaller portions.To control food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and carry out regulation of online eating shows. Now if users search certain keywords, such as “eating sh
35、ow” or “competitive eaters”, a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and keep a reasonable diet.Across the country about 20% of all the food ends up in the trash. That food waste costs the average family of four about 1,500 a year. It also takes up valuable space in landfills. No
36、w it is time to get customers to rethink their relationship with food and waste.8. What is the purpose of the proposal?A To stop food waste.B. To improve Meituans profits.C. To attract more customers.D. To promote the popularity of Meituan.9. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 2
37、mean?A Restart.B. Recall.C. Research.D. Remove.10. How do popular Chinese video platforms react to the campaign?A. Negatively.B. Positively.C. Doubtfully.D. Angrily.11. What does the last paragraph suggest?A. Food costs families much money.B. Most of the food people bought is wasted.C. Food waste ca
38、uses damage to the environment.D. Customers should have a good relationship with others.【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了美团联合一些外卖和直播平台呼吁大家爱惜食物，不要浪费食物。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Last week Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations including the China General Chambe
39、r of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help form new eating habits for customers.(上周，美团与包括中国总商会和中国烹饪协会在内的一些商业组织联合发布了一份建议，呼吁餐馆停止食物浪费，帮助顾客养成新的饮食习惯)”可知，倡议的目的是呼吁大家爱惜食物，不要浪费食物。故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Restaurants should use means of publicity using offici
40、al accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions (餐厅应利用社交媒体官方账号和直播等宣传手段，推广和倡导节约粮食行动)”；画线词上文“Catering associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to”以及后文“food waste”可知，餐饮协会加入此次运动的目的是为了消除食物浪费，由此推测画线词为“消除”。A. Restart重新开始；B. Recall召回；C.
41、Research研究；D. Remove消除。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“To control food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and carry out regulation of online eating shows. Now if users search certain keyword
42、s, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”, a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and keep a reasonable diet.(为了控制社交媒体平台上的食物浪费，抖音和快手等国内热门视频平台已经加强了对美食直播的内容审查，并对在线饮食节目进行监管。现在，如果用户搜索“吃货秀”或“吃货竞技”等关键词，就会弹出警告信息，提醒他们珍惜食物，保持合理饮食)”可推知，主流视频平台对此次运动是支持的。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Across
43、 the country about 20% of all the food ends up in the trash. That food waste costs the average family of four about 1,500 a year. It also takes up valuable space in landfills. Now it is time to get customers to rethink their relationship with food and waste.(在全国范围内，大约20%的食物最后都被扔进了垃圾箱。平均每户四口之家每年要花费15
44、00元。它还会占用垃圾填埋场的宝贵空间。现在是时候让顾客重新思考他们与食物和浪费的关系了)”可推知，最后一段表明食物浪费不仅浪费金钱，还导致环境问题。故选C。DBased on bone and tooth records, mammoths（猛犸象）were thought to have gone extinct about 12,000 years ago. But a new genetic sampling technique suggests the great beasts may have stuck around a lot longer. The story is in t
45、he soil.Bones are rich sources of prehistoric genetic information, but not the only ones; items ranging from shed Ice Age skin cells to pine needles can contribute to the genetic record stored in dirt. Paleogeneticists（古遗传学家）have been analyzing “environmental DNA” from soil for a long time, but gett
46、ing rid of non-DNA material without destroying these fragile clues is daunting（使人气馁的）.“Environmental samples contain a huge range of other chemical substances that are hard to separate from the DNA,” says McMaster University geneticist Tyler Murchuev. “We cant afford to lose whatever we can get.”In
47、the new approach, soil samples are got and then broken into smaller portions, stirred and run through a “cold spin method” to separate as much DNA as possible. The DNA is then compared against an existing genetic library to detect species matches.The method is limited because researchers using it ne
48、ed to know what DNA to look for. If a saber-toothed cat species is not already in the genetic library, for example, the analysis cannot detect that animal. For known species, however, the process may yield exciting information. In their study, the researchers detected about 2,100 kinds of plants and
49、 180 animals.Not yet published results from other field sites arc yielding similar results, Murchic says, and future fossil discoveries could strengthen the case. “We can use this approach to identify species in places and times we never knew they existed.” he adds.12. Why does the author mention “m
50、ammoths in paragraph 1?A. To present a fact.B. To show us an extinct animal.C. To correct a mistake.D. To introduce thetopic of the passage.13. Which word can best describe researchers work of analyzing “environmental DNA”?A. Challenging.B. Interesting.C. Boring.D. Satisfying.14. What is the disadva
51、ntage of the new method?A. Its process goes very slowly.B. It cant detect unknown animals.C. It cant give accurate results.D. It can only be carried out in the genetic library.15. What is the text?A. A news report.B. A short story.C. A book review.D. A research article.【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D【解析
52、】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们通过研究泥土中动植物的DNA信息从而对它们获得更多的了解。【12题详解】推理判断题。由上下文及文章第一段“But a new genetic sampling technique suggests the great beasts may have stuck around a lot longer. The story is in the soil.”（但一项新的基因取样技术表明，这种巨兽可能存在的时间更长。故事在土壤里。）可知作者谈及mammoths是为了引出文章的主题。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。文章二段“getting rid of
53、non-DNA material without destroying these fragile clues is daunting.”（在不破坏这些脆弱线索的情况下去除非DNA物质是令人生畏的。）和第三段“Environmental samples contain a huge range of other chemical substances that are hard to separate from the DNA”（环境样本中含有大量其他化学物质，很难从DNA中分离出来）可知，从泥土中提取出有用的DNA信息是很困难，很有挑战性的一项工作。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。由文章第
54、五段“The method is limited because researchers using it need to know what DNA to look for. If a saber-toothed cat species is not already in the genetic library, for example, the analysis cannot detect that animal.”（这种方法是有限，因为使用它的研究人员需要知道要寻找什么DNA。例如，如果一种剑齿虎物种还没有出现在基因库中，分析就无法检测到这种动物。）可知，这个新方法的局限是：只能检测到已
55、知物种，不能检测到未知物种。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。本文为说明文，介绍了科学家们通过研究泥土中动植物的DNA信息从而获得对他们更多的了解。据此可知本文是一篇研究报告。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Secrets About Getting a Good Nights SleepGetting a good nights sleep is so essential for functioning well in your daily activities. _16_Here
56、are several secrets for making sure youre getting plenty of shut-eye.Check your medicines if you cant sleep._17_So when you complain of insomnia, they may not think to connect your sleeplessness with some drugs youre taking. Yet many medicines can disturb sleep. If youre seeing your doctor about ins
57、omnia, make a list of all drugs youre taking.Calm those restless legs with a bar of soap.You go to bed, ready to get a solid eight hours. However, your legs jerk._18_We have a good solution: Slip a bar of soap under your legs and the restlessness should disappear in about 3 to 5 minutes._19_In one s
58、tudy, researchers found that women with restless legs syndrome were deficient in folic acid, which is required for proper brain and nerve function. Supplementing with this vitamin improved symptoms. Take 400 to 800 micro-grams of folic acid a day, along with 50 micro-grams vitamin.Exercise at the ri
59、ght time.It has been shown that exercise can help you sleep better. But when you exercise, time is important. Its not something to do just before bedtime. Instead, plan your exercise for early evening-about four to six hours before bedtime. _20_A. Skip the sleeping pill.B. Take a vitamin for better
60、sleep.C. But some of us are just struggling with it.D. Doctors should ask you what medicines youre taking, but they rarely do.E. This is the time it takes for your bodys temperature to drop after exercise.F. That helps you feel less anxious about not falling asleep so you can fall asleep.G. And they
61、 continue to do this, either keeping you from falling asleep or waking you up.【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. B 20. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了面对失眠时可以采取的几条措施。【16题详解】根据上文“Getting a good nights sleep is so essential for functioning well in your daily activities.(晚上睡个好觉对你的日常活动至关重要)”以及后文“Here are several secrets
62、for making sure youre getting plenty of shut-eye.(以下是保证充足睡眠的几个秘诀)”可知，前句讲充足睡眠的重要性，后句谈有几条确保充足睡眠的建议，故本句与上文构成转折，指出有些人睡眠并不好。故C选项“但是我们中的一些人只是在与它作斗争”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据后文“So when you complain of insomnia, they may not think to connect your sleeplessness with some drugs youre taking. Yet many medicines can d
63、isturb sleep. If youre seeing your doctor about insomnia, make a list of all drugs youre taking.(所以当你抱怨失眠时，他们可能不会把你的失眠与你服用的某些药物联系起来。然而，许多药物会干扰睡眠。如果你正因失眠而去看医生，列出你正在服用的所有药物)”可知，本段讲吃的药对睡眠的影响，空后一句中they是指你失眠时去看的医生。故D选项“医生应该问你在吃什么药，但他们很少这样做”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“You go to bed, ready to get a solid eight ho
64、urs. However, your legs jerk.(你上床睡觉，准备好好睡上8个小时。然而，你的腿会抽搐)”可知，前句讲腿抽搐，本句承接上文说明结果：如果抽搐持续不断，其结果是影响你入睡或使你醒来。故G选项“他们继续这样的话，要么让你睡不着，要么把你吵醒”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据本段内容“In one study, researchers found that women with restless legs syndrome were deficient in folic acid, which is required for proper brain and nerve
65、 function. Supplementing with this vitamin improved symptoms. Take 400 to 800 micro-grams of folic acid a day, along with 50 micro-grams vitamin.(在一项研究中，研究人员发现患有不宁腿综合症的女性缺乏叶酸，而叶酸是正常大脑和神经功能所必需的。补充这种维生素可以改善症状。 每天服用400到800微克的叶酸和50微克的维生素)”可知，本段主要讲补充维生素有助于睡眠。故B选项“服用维生素有助于睡眠”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“It has be
66、en shown that exercise can help you sleep better. But when you exercise, time is important. Its not something to do just before bedtime. Instead, plan your exercise for early evening-about four to six hours before bedtime.(有研究表明，运动可以帮助你睡得更好。但是当你锻炼时，时间是很重要的。这不是睡前要做的事。相反，把锻炼计划安排在傍晚早些时候大约在睡觉前4到6个小时)”可知
67、，前句建议把锻炼安排在睡觉前4到6小时，可知本句承接上文说明原因：那是身体冷却需要的时间。故E选项“这是你的体温在运动后下降的时间”符合语境，故选E。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was young, my father had a telephone. I used to listen when my mother used it. I _21_that inside the device lived a/an _22_personInforma
68、tion Please, and there was nothing she did not know.One day when everybody was out, I _23_ my finger. The pain was terrible but there was no one to give _24_ . I picked up the receiver and said, “ Information Please.” A small but clear voice answered, “Information.” “My finger. Tears came down.” “Is
69、nt your mother home?” came the _25_ Nobodys home, I said, “Can you open your icebox?” she asked. I said I could. “Hold a piece of ice to your _26_.”After that I called Information Please for everything. There was the time when I asked why was it that birds sing so _27_ and bring joy to all, only to
70、end up as a heap of feathers? She said quietly, “Paul, keep in mind there are other worlds to _28_ in.”Years later, my plane was _29_ in Seattle. I called “Information Pleases” heard the _30_ voice. I said, “I wonder if you _31_ how much you meant to me during that time.” She said, “I _32_if you und
71、erstand how much your calls meant to me. I used to look forward to your calls. I _33_ if I could call her again.” She said, “Just ask for Sally.”Three months later. A _34_ voice answered and I asked for Sally. She told me Sally was sick but wanted me to _35_ there are other worlds to sing in.21. A.
72、decidedB. discoveredC. heardD. expected22. A. amazingB. carefulC. annoyingD. generous23. A. brokenB. burntC. cutD. hit24. A. comfortB. congratulationC. instructionD. admiration25. A. questionB. answerC. suggestionD. request26. A. noseB. earC. fingerD. foot27. A. casuallyB. desperatelyC. beautifullyD
73、. secretly28. A. stayB. workC. liveD. sing29. A. put offB. put upC. put downD. put away30. A. coldB. familiarC. similarD. generous31. A. dreamB. preferC. forgetD. know32. A. thinkB. imagineC. wonderD. hope33. A. complainedB. askedC. commandedD. hoped34. A. strongB. shakingC. differentD. cold35. A. a
74、ddB. realizeC. acceptD. remember【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿时拨打信息查询电话受到Sally的关心和帮助从而与其建立起友谊的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现在这个设备里住着一位了不起的人“信息处”，她什么都知道。A. decided决定；B. discovered发现；C. heard听见；D. expected期待。考查动词。从上文“I
75、used to listen when my mother used it.”可知作者听到母亲打电话查询信息，所以认为电话里住着一个人。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现在这个设备里住着一位了不起的人“信息处”，她什么都知道。A. amazing惊人的；B. careful仔细的；C. annoying烦人的；D. generous慷慨的。从下文“.and there was no thing she did not know.”可知作者认为电话里的人无所不知是令人感到惊奇的。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天大家都出去了，我撞到了手指。A. broken
76、打破；B. burnt燃烧；C. cut切割；D. hit打击，撞击。从下文“Hold a piece of ice to your.”并结合常识可知作者冰敷很可能是不小心敲到了手指，其他情况不适合冰敷。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：疼痛是可怕的，但没有人给安慰。A. comfort安慰；B. congratulation恭喜；C. instruction指导；D. admiration钦佩。从上文“The pain was terrible,.”可知作者手很痛，但家里没人来安慰。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你妈妈不在家吗?”它问。A. question问题
77、；B. answer回答；C. suggestion建议；D. request要求。“Isnt your mother home?”是Sally问作者的一个问题。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：把一块冰放在你的手指上。A. nose鼻子；B. ear耳朵；C. finger手指；D. foot脚。从上文“I hit my finger.”可知作者是手指痛，故应该将冰块敷在手指上。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一次我问，为什么鸟儿的歌声如此动听，给大家带来了欢乐，最后却变成了一堆羽毛？A. casually随便地；B. desperately绝望地；C. beau
78、tifully优美地；D. secretly秘密地。从下文“.bring joy to all”可知作者想表达的是小鸟唱得优美，给大家带来欢乐。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她安静地说：“保罗，记住还有别的世界可以歌唱。”A. stay停留；B. work工作；C. live居住；D. sing唱歌。从下文“She told me Sally was sick but wanted me to. there are other worlds to sing in.”可知此处指在别的世界唱歌。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：几年后，我乘坐的飞机在西雅图延误了。A.
79、put off推迟；B. put up提供；C. put down放下；D. put away放好。作者的飞机延期，所以才有时间打电话。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我叫“信息处”听到熟悉的声音。A. cold寒冷的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. similar类似的；D. generous慷慨的。作者从儿时就开始打这个电话和Sally交流，所以对Sally的声音是熟悉的。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说：“我想知道你是否知道那段时间你对我有多重要。”A. dream梦想；B. prefer更喜欢；C. forget忘记；D. know知道。作者问Sa
80、lly是否知道她对作者来说意味着什么。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道你是否明白你的电话对我有多重要。A. think思考；B. imagine想象；C. wonder想知道；D. hope希望。从上文“I wonder if you. how much you meant to me during that time.”可知Sally也是问作者同样的问题。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问能不能再打给她。A. complained投诉；B. asked询问；C. commanded命令；D. hoped希望。从下文“she said, Just ask
81、for Sally.”可知作者问Sally自己以后还能否给她打电话。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个不同声音回答了我，我要找Sally。A. strong强壮的；B. shaking摇晃的；C. different不同的；D. cold寒冷的。从下文“She told me Sally was sick.”可知这次作者打电话不是Sally接听的，所以应该是一个不同的声音。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我Sally病了，但想让我记住还有其他的世界可以唱歌。A. add增加；B. realize意识到；C. accept接受；D. remember记得。从
82、上文“She said quietly, Paul, remember there are other worlds toin,”可知作者记得Sally说的话。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Coca-Cola_36_ (rank) the worlds No.1 plastic polluter by Break Free From Plastic and _37_ (it) bottles were the most frequently found on beaches, rivers, parks an
83、d other litter sites. Last year it was the most _38_ (frequent) littered bottle in 37 countries out of 51 surveyed.The annual audit(审计)，_39_ (undertake) by 15,000 volunteers around the world, identifies the largest number of plastic products from global brands found in the highest number of countrie
84、s. This year they collected 346,494 pieces of plastic waste, 63% of _40_was marked with a consumer brand.“The worlds top polluting corporations claim to be working hard to solve plastic pollution, _41_ they are continuing to pump out _42_ ( harm) single-use plastic packaging,” said Emma Priestland,
85、Break Free From Plastics global campaign coordinator (协调员). Priestland said the only way to quit the growing global tide of plastic litter was to stop production.Coca-Cola came under fire from environmental campaigners earlier this year when it announced it would not abandon plastic bottles, saying
86、they _43_ (be) popular with customers. In March, Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, Nestle and Unilever were found to be responsible _44_ half a million tonnes of plastic pollution in six developing _45_ (country) each year in a survey.【答案】36. was ranked 37. its 38. frequently 39. undertaken 40. which 41. but#yet
87、42. harmful 43. were 44. for 45. countries【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。环保组织“摆脱塑缚”的年度审计结果显示，可口可乐连续第三年成为世界最大塑料污染源，百事可乐和雀巢紧随其后。【36题详解】考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：根据“摆脱塑料污染”组织的排名，可口可乐是全球第一大塑料污染企业。可口可乐的瓶子是海滩、河流、公园和其他垃圾场中最常见的塑料瓶子。Coca-Cola是单数主语，且与rank之间为动宾关系。由后面were可知本句为一般过去时态。故用was ranked。【37题详解】考查代词。句意：根据“摆脱塑料污染”组织的排名，可口可乐是全球第
88、一大塑料污染企业。可口可乐的瓶子是海滩、河流、公园和其他垃圾场中最常见的塑料瓶子。名词bottles用形容词性物主代词修饰。故用its。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：去年，在51个接受调查的国家中，有37个国家的人最常随地乱扔瓶子。副词修饰后面动词littered。故用frequently。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项由全球1.5万名志愿者开展的年度审计发现，全球品牌的塑料产品数量最多，分布在最多的国家。本句identifies为谓语动词。undertake为非谓语且与The annual audit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词。故用undertaken。【40题详解】考查定
89、语从句引导词。句意：今年，他们收集了346,494块塑料垃圾，其中63%的垃圾上标有消费品牌。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为346,494 pieces of plastic waste，指物，从句缺of之后的宾语，用关系代词，“介词+that”不能引导非限制性定语从句。故用which。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：“摆脱塑料”全球运动协调员艾玛普里斯特兰说:“世界上最大的污染企业都声称正在努力解决塑料污染问题，但他们仍在继续生产有害的一次性塑料包装。”。根据句意可知两个分句之间为转折关系。故用but或yet。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：“摆脱塑料”全球运动协调员艾玛普里斯特兰说:“世界
90、上最大的污染企业都声称正在努力解决塑料污染问题，但他们仍在继续生产有害的一次性塑料包装。”。名词plastic packaging用形容词修饰。故用harmful。【43题详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：今年早些时候，可口可乐公司宣布不会放弃塑料瓶，称塑料瓶很受消费者欢迎，此举遭到环保人士的抨击。They为复数主语，本句为过去时态。故用were。【44题详解】考查固定结构。句意：今年3月，一项调查发现，可口可乐(Coca-Cola)、百事可乐(PepsiCo)、雀巢(Nestle)和联合利华(Unilever)每年在六个发展中国家造成50万吨塑料污染。be responsible for 意为
91、“为负责”，是固定短语。故用for。【45题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：今年3月，一项调查发现，可口可乐(Coca-Cola)、百事可乐(PepsiCo)、雀巢(Nestle)和联合利华(Unilever)每年在六个发展中国家造成50万吨塑料污染。six修饰复数名词。故用countries。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Jim听说你假期学习了游泳，来信询问，请你据此回信。内容包括：1.学习经历；2.学习感想；3.询问Jim近况。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Jim,How is ev
92、erything going? _Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,How is everything going? Im writing to share my experience of learning to swim with you.At first, I was afraid to get into water. Looking at the water made me feel uneasy. However, my coach and friends encouraged me to forget my fear and have a try. I tried
93、as my coach told me. Gradually I found it was not that scary and it was interesting to be in water. From this experience, I realized that you can achieve something if you believe in yourself and give it a try.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Jim回信，说明学习游泳的情况。【详解】1.词汇积累教练：trainerco
94、ach不安的：uncomfortableuneasy害怕的：be scared ofbe afraid to试一试：have a shoothave a try/give it a try2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Looking at the water made me feel uneasy. However, my coach and friends encouraged me to forget my fear and have a try.拓展句：Although looking at the water made me feel uneasy, my coach and frien
95、ds encouraged me to forget my fear and have a try.【点睛】高分句型1 Im writing to share my experience of learning to swim with you. (运用了动名词作宾语)高分句型2From this experience, I realized that you can achieve something if you believe in yourself and give it a try.(运用了that引导宾语从句)第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写
96、两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。My husband and I got to experience a total strangers kindness and generosity first-hand during a 10-day trip across the High Atlas Mountains and the Sahara Desert.On our second-to-last day in Morocco, we happily took a trip to Essaouira, an old and beautiful seaside town on the Atlant
97、ic. During the journey there, we stopped at an Argan co-operative（合作社）, where we got to taste some Argan oil and honey. After that, we headed where we stayed. We arrived at our small guesthouse in Essaouira at around dinnertime, and on our way to a local restaurants my husband started to feel unwell
98、. He went back to our guesthouse while I had dinner with some friends.When I got back to our guesthouse after dinner, I found my husband sitting on the bathroom floor, looking very pale. He had been sick about six times in an hour. He spent the rest of the night in the bathroom, getting very familia
99、r with the houses pipe. Our main suspect was the Argan honeyit probably didnt agree with him.At about 6 a. m., my husband finally managed to leave the bathroom and crawl into bed. He was very weak and dehydrated（脱水的），so I went down to the reception to buy a bottle of water. When I got to the lobby（门
100、厅）,I found a young man behind the desk, who didnt look older than 18, and explained to him that my husband was sick and I needed to buy some bottled water for him.Our house was very small and basic and didnt have a restaurant or cafe. The young man informed me that they didnt sell any drinks at the
101、house, so I asked him where the nearest shop was.I looked out the window and my heart started to race. I didnt fancy risking going into the unfamiliar streets of the Medina in the dark, all by myself. In fact, I was afraid of it. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Instead of giving me directions t
102、o the nearest shop, the young man asked me to wait for him there._I handed him a 50 Dirham note （about 5 EUR） for the water._【答案】One possible version:Instead of giving me directions to the nearest shop, the young man asked me to wait for him there. He popped outside and disappeared in the dark quick
103、ly. I was wondering what he would do when he re appeared in about 15 minutes, out of breath and carrying a large bottle of water. You can t imagine the relief that washed over me when I saw him, He gave me the bottle and asked me to give my husband some water quickly.I handed him a 50 Dirham note (a
104、bout 5 EUR) for the water. But he wouldnt accept any money for it despite my insistence. I was so thankful for that small gesture of kindness from a total stranger on a helpless night. I had been up all night worrying about my husband. The last thing I wanted to do was to walk through unfamiliar str
105、eets in the dark.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和她的丈夫在为期10天的穿越高阿特拉斯山脉和撒哈拉沙漠的旅行中， 由于丈夫在旅途中生病脱水，而作者自己却不敢在黑暗中的陌生的街道行走，后来一位陌生的年轻人帮助他，并且不需要任何报酬，让他们亲身体验了一个完全陌生的人的善良和慷慨。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“那个年轻人没有告诉我怎么去最近的商店，而是让我在那里等他。”可知，第一段可描写一个陌生的年轻人帮我去买了水。由第二段首句内容“我递给他一张50迪拉姆(约合5欧元)的钞票买了水。”可知，第二段可描写作者想感谢那位年轻人，但他拒绝了。2.续写线索：丈夫生
106、病脱水我去买水不敢在黑暗的街道上走陌生的年轻人帮助买水作者表达感谢年轻人拒绝感悟3.词汇激活行为类.出现：appear/arise/emerge.让某人做：ask sb. to do/request sb. to do.担心：worry about/ be worried about/be anxious about情绪类.感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be thankful.无助的：helpless/ unassisted【点睛】高分句型1. I was wondering what he would do when he re appeared in about 15 minutes, out of breath and carrying a large bottle of water.（由连接词what引导的宾语从句）高分句型2 The last thing I wanted to do was to walk through unfamiliar streets in the dark.（省略关系代词的限制性定语从句）