1、海淀区2021-2022学年第二学期期末练习高三英语202205本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题15分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My grandfather was a writer of many booksAs a child and a teenager,I wrote 1 trying to be an author like himWhen I
2、 2 my first book,I was not sure if I should throw it out to the world or shelter it foreverThats why I went to grandpa that night,my faithful reader,who once again gave me tremendous 3 Did you bring the book？I heard you talk about it and I cant wait to see your 4 “Oh yeah,the bookI completed it yest
3、erday，”I handed him the draft，“but I dont think its that good”He turned to a random page and 5 more of the pagesWhy do you think this isnt good？It looks fine to meVery heart-warming“Well,Im not sureIt could be better than it is now“You cant expect for the book to be 6 Writing is a skill that takes t
4、imeYou already finished the story,and now you have to 7 others what youve got，he passed the book back to meIf people dont like it,then write againCriticism is important,but you are going to have to keep on writing till you are 8 with your work”Is that how you became a writer？“Yes,and every other wri
5、ter before meYou have to start from the 9 and then reach the top”I finally broke out into a smile and he did tooI looked carefully at the book one more timeThe pages bound together gave me hope for the futureThat settled itI was going to have to 10 myself and let others see my workFor me and for my
6、grandpa1Afast Bwell CnonstopDlittle2Apolished Bfinished Cdeleted Dpublished3AtasksBpressure Crewards Dinspiration4AprogressBstyle CcommentDreaction5AcopiedBwroteCscanned Dedited6AperfectBuniqueCcomplexDpractical7AsendBshowCteachDsell8AcontentBstrictCpatientDexhausted9AendBfailureCbottomDcriticism10A
7、give upBcount onClook afterDget over第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ASophie dedicated her time to crafting chemo comfort bagsfor hospital patientsShe decided to brighten the days of chemotherapy patients shortly after knowing 11 the tr
8、eatment was like 12 the help from her family,Sophie filled each bag with items that were meant to enhance comfort,including blankets,pillows and cozy socksLast month,Sophie and her family 13 （donate）ten comfort bags to patientsWhen 14 （ask）how it felt to see that her comfort bags were making a diffe
9、rence in peoples lives,Sophie said，It feels so niceBRecently,many who drink milk have switched to plant-based milks 15 （come）from almonds,soy or riceAnd the newest star among them is oat milkThis creamy,delicious drink makes coffee,cereal,and baked goods taste deliciousAnother reason for its 16 （pop
10、ular）lies in its benefitsOat milk contains vitamins and mineralsIt also has fiber,which can help to reduce the risk of heart diseaseIt is 17 （cheap）to make and requires less water to produce than some other plant-based milksSome people believe its an environmentally-friendly choiceCChildren are unwi
11、lling to seek help in school because they feel it makes them look incompetentHowever,if they are afraid to ask for help,their learning experience 18 （suffer）。How can we help children overcome the barrier？First,teachers could create activities 19 each student becomes an“experton a different topic,and
12、 then children must ask for help to master all of the materialIf seeking help 20 （understand）as a commonplace classroom activity,kids may be less likely to think of it as an indication of ones ability第二部 分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInstitutions an
13、d individuals can subscribe to Journal of Science （JS）either by print or onlineOrdering Procedures Both institutions and individuals can complete their order form and submit payment to start their print and/or online subscriptionThose who choose the print version receive access to the online service
14、 as wellThey may also subscribe to online-only access to JSOnce the publisher has received payment，the institution or individual will begin receiving the print journal if they order the print optionThey will receive an e-mail with instructions for obtaining access to the online editionThe e-mail wil
15、l direct them to an online formThey will be asked to provide the following information necessary to activate their subscription to JS：InstitutionsContact name,title,phone,fax,and emailCustomer number（received via email）Institutions IP Address（es）IndividualsA username and password that you can easily
16、 rememberYour name,phone number,and email addressYour customer number（received via email）With their subscription,they will receive 10 issues per year of the JS in addition to access to tables of contents,abstracts,full text searching,full text display,and PDFs,full access to all posted back content
17、to 1860，for as long as the subscription is activeFor institutions,access is limited to computers within a particular set of Internet IP addressesIndividuals will enjoy the advantage of having password access to JS from any device connected to the InternetWithout a subscription,access to tables of co
18、ntents and abstracts is availableCost of Subscriptions2022 RatesIndividualonline-onlyIndividualprint+onlineStudentonline-onlyStudentprint+onlineInstitutiononline-onlyInstitutionprint-onlyU.S.$80$90$40$50$240$250Foreign$80$90+$35 Postage$40$50+S35 Postage$240$250+$35 PostagePurchasing Individual Issu
19、es or Articles You can purchase access to individual JS issues or articlesBrowse through our current online content or our archive （going back to 1860），select the article you want access to,and click Add to CartYou will be prompted to create an account at this time if you dont already have onePurcha
20、ses can be made by visiting our online store:https:/epayustoreedu/js21What is the procedure for online-only subscription？complete an order formreceive an email with instructionsactivate the subscriptionsubmit payment ABCD22How much does it cost a student in Beijing to subscribe to both print and onl
21、ine versions of JS 2022？A$80B$85C$90D$12523What can we learn from the passage？AThose who subscribe to the print version have no access to online serviceBIndividual articles are not available unless you make a yearly subscriptionCThere is no limit on Internet IP addresses for either institutions or i
22、ndividualsDPeople have access to tables of contents and abstracts even without subscriptionBAbout 20 years ago,Daniel Hoffman,a classically trained violinist met a young musician playing in the town square in Marrakech,an ancient city in MoroccoThey communicated in the little French they both knew,b
23、ut their main common language was musicOn the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist,Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music,the classical music of North AfricaThat experience gave birth to an idea:What would it be like to try t
24、o learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week？Oh,yes,and at the end of that week,play a concertHe even got a name for the concept musical extreme sportsIt took him almost two decades to launch that dream with a friend,who introduced him to the wonders of Kickstarter,a
25、 funding platform for creative projectsUp to now,the dream has taken the form of a new documentary currently airing on American public television stations called Otherwise, Its Just FirewoodIn the documentary,Hoffman travels to County Clare,Ireland,where he takes lessons with James Kelly,a master Ir
26、ish violin player,for less than a week and then performs together with him in front of an audience,many of whom are star Irish musiciansThe film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles,includ
27、ing the folk music of south India, Sweden,Greece,Romania,and West VirginiaThat would add to his extensive repertoire（全部曲目），which already includes Balkan,Middle Eastern,and Turkish styles“The big joke is whats the difference between the fiddle and the violin？Its the person who plays it，says Niall Kee
28、gan,a traditional flute player“Its the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever elseIts how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it characterOtherwise,its just firewood，he says,words that became the films title24Where
29、does Hoffmans idea of musical extreme sports come from？AHis exploration of the local musicBHis cooperation with the young violinistCHis sightseeing tour on a motorbike seatDHis constantly changing taste in violin styles25According to the passage,the series of documentaries _.Ahelp Hoffman to become
30、a master violin player Bare funded by American public television stationsCintroduce different styles of musicians around the world Drecord Hoffmans experience in learning various violin styles26The title of the documentary“Otherwise,Its Just Firewoodis used to emphasizeAthe power of diversified arti
31、stic expression Bthe pleasure in learning traditional music Cthe technique of instrument playing Dthe importance of famous artistsCMicroplastics-tiny pieces of plastic waste less than five millimetres long that have been degraded by waves,wind and ultraviolet rays-have been discovered in the deepest
32、 oceanic trenches and within the stomachs of the organisms that live there,but we have little idea about where the great majority of them end upMore than eight million tonnes of plastic enters our oceans every year,comprising between 80 and 85 percent of all marine trash,but with inadequate data,the
33、re are concerns that these figures could be underestimatesCurrently,most of the data we have on microplastics are accidentally captured by research ships, which use plankton nets to collect marine-microorganism samplesHowever,researchers Christopher Ruf and Madeline Evans from the University of Mich
34、igan have discovered an innovative way to identify and track concentrations of microplastics in the oceanThe technique relies on NASAs Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System （CYGNSS），a constellation of eight micro-satellites used to predict hurricanes that calculate wind speeds above the ocean b
35、y measuring the roughness of surface watersAs the satellites are continuously recording,Ruf and Evans realised that they collect a great deal of additional dataIt was while analysing these data that they noticed some differences times where the surface of the ocean appeared to be much smoother than
36、it should,given the prevailing wind（盛行风）conditionsKnowing that water isnt roughened as much when it contains a lot of floating material,Ruf and Evans identified a pattern that linked areas of unusual smoothness and predicted microplastic distributionsThey found that the difference between their meas
37、urements,and how much rougher thesurface would be if winds of the same speed were blowing across clear water,was highly correlated with the presence of microplastics,and the degree of the difference also correlated with the concentration of the plastics”The research reveals that there are seasonal v
38、ariations,where the concentrations of microplastics tend to be higher in the summer and lower in the winter in a very clean,periodic way,which Ruf explains mirrors the way in which the ocean circulation changes throughout the yearIt also confirms,as was previously thought,that rivers are the main so
39、urce of ocean microplasticsRaising awareness of the issue of ocean microplastics among the public and politicians is just one of the researchersfuture aims；they are also in conversation with Dutch non-profit The Ocean Cleanup and Finnish clean-technology specialist Clewat,which are interested in usi
40、ng the information to more efficiently target their trash-collection campaignsSo far,only one years worth of data have been processed since CYGNSS was launched in 2016By looking at a longer time period,Ruf and Evans aim to determine whether the seasonal pattern is repeatable,and whether the concentr
41、ation of microplastics in the ocean is getting worse27What is Paragraph 1 mainly about？AThe limited knowledge about ocean microplasticsBThe harm of ocean microplastics to sea creaturesCThe methods of degrading ocean microplasticsDThe previous research on ocean microplastics28According to the passage
42、,CYGNSS_.Ahas offered data about the repeatable seasonal pattern Bguides research ships to gather data about sea animals Cprovides unexpected data about the changes of sea surface Dwas designed to measure the distribution of ocean microplastics29What can we learn from the passage？AMicroplastics will
43、 end up in the stomachs of the ocean organismsBMicroplastics play a vital role in the yearly ocean circulation changesCThe surface of the ocean can get smoother with more microplastics in itDThe new way of tracking microplastics has helped prevent ocean pollution30What is the main purpose of the pas
44、sage？ATo introduce the technology of CYGNSSBTo present a way to study ocean microplasticsCTo test an assumption on ocean microplasticsDTo propose a new means of protecting the oceanDAmericans clearly love their museumsOne of the most famous,New Yorks Metropolitan Museum of Art （the Met），saw a record
45、 65 million visitors in 2015But record attendance doesnt necessarily translate into record revenue（收入）。Last monththe Met said it was trying to erase a US$10 million budget deficit（赤字）。Meanwhile,one of its rivals,the Museum of Modern Art（MoMA），was abundant in cash,but only about three million people
46、stopped by in 2015Why do some museums flourish while others flounder？My research leads me to believe there are three reasons:fashion,billionaires and demographicsFirst,underlying the Mets financial challenges is the problem with the acquisitions policyRecent directors of the Met did not add much to
47、the museums modern collectionThe argument was that museums such as the MoMA were already providing such works in their collections and that the acquisition of contemporary art by living artists was problematic and riskyHowever,given the fact that museum-goers increasingly favor contemporary art,the
48、revenue of the Met will likely fall if it isnt able to keep up with the tastes of the customersAnd by the time it might recognize this,its already too late to do much about it because the costs to acquire the in-demand art is sky-highThis leads to a second critical issue-the changing distribution of
49、 income and its effects on museum finance and operationWe are living in a boom period for contemporary artThe number of auctions（拍卖）and art fairs has grown enormously to accommodate this growing marketIn a world with about 1,800 billionaires,it only takes a relative few to drive high-end art prices
50、to astronomical levelsWorks by the German artist Gerhard Richter have generated $12 billion in sales in recent yearsThe soaring prices mean museums simply cant keep up and must usually depend on donations to assemble the best works,or theyre priced outMoreover,billionaires themselves are increasingl
51、y setting up their own private museums, further distancing the ability of public museums to get the good stuffA third interrelated problem is that demographic issues have put pressure on the revenue sideUnemployment,early retirements and the aging of the population in the US have contributed to incr
52、eased attendance at museumsYou might think its a good thing,but more traffic means higher costs,and when those additional visitors dont result in more revenue,profitability goes downThis is because of the longstanding movement toward making museums freeby having individuals, government or businesses
53、 sponsorthe costBut when that support gets reduced by budget costs or another reason,museums must either cover the cost themselves or lose patrons by suddenly charging feesThere is evidence that attendance rises when economic growth slows,but thats also when thosesponsorsare more likely to begin to
54、disappearMuseums will certainly continue to exist and provide us with invaluable insights into our cultureBut they must exist under economic principles,and itd be wise for their administrators to consider the economics in their calculations31According to the author, _.AMoMA saw a rise in donation du
55、e to its increased attendance Bthe Met failed to respond to the artistic tastes of modern visitors Cthe Met considered works of the living artists as questionable DMoMA added to its modern collection despite the budget deficit32What can we infer from the passage？ABillionaires control art auctions to
56、 price out public museumsBThe boom of modern art will lead visitors to private museumsCThe increase in visitors can hurt the profitability of museumsDEconomic slowdowns result in a weakened interest in museums33What is the authors attitude towards the future of museums in the US？APessimisticBDoubtfu
57、lCCautiousDUncertain34Which is the best title of the passage？AHow can Museums Boost Revenues？BShould Museums Charge Entrance Fees？CWill Museums Survive in a Fast-changing World？DWhat Causes the Financial Challenges of Museums？第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项
58、。Website copywriting（文案写作）involves writing text and copy for websites35 Commercial websites may require standard sales-style copywriting,while informative or educational websites could require more structured materialAlmost all websites require some type of website copywritingThe material on a websi
59、te is important not only to attract customers,but also to raise page ranks and create search engine trafficThis means that website copywriting can be somewhat different from regular writing because writers must write for two audiencesSearch engine optimization （SEO）can sometimes be important in webs
60、ite copywritingSEO refers to the process of creating copy that is tailored toward catching the attention of popular search engines 36 An understanding of keywords and search engine behavior are important for SEO when writing copy for the web 37 If those keywords are used properly and in the proper p
61、laces within the article, more traffic will come to the website via a search engine,and the owner of the website could have the potential of making more moneyWebsite copywriters often have to have both a writing background and a marketing backgroundA person who is acting as a website copywriter for
62、a site usually needs to be able to write active prose that inspires actionThey also need to be able to drive traffic to the site,so that customers can see the products for saleBeing able to write effective sales copy may also be essential for website copywriting 38 Content has to be well written in
63、order to accomplish its goal,and adherence to standard writing rules is often a prerequisite to a well-written article 39 People browsing the web tend to read differently than people reading a book or a newspaperSo the content must capture their attention quickly and be relatively easy to read,which
64、 often involves writing prose that is easily readableHeadings,bullet points,and simple language are often preferred as a resultAThe type of copy that is required varies depending on the type of websiteBOnline companies may offer informational articles about products and servicesCWebsite copywriters
65、have to be familiar with basic grammar,style,and structure rulesDInternet copywriting also involves the composition of short headlines or advertisementsETheoretically,the higher the SEO,the higher the number of readers that will be directed to the websiteFWebsite copy not only serves the overall fun
66、ction of the website,but needs to capture the attention of readersGThis means copy for a website may have to contain certain keywords that people search when looking for something第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。For many students,having classes
67、 online makes them easily distractedThey face challenges when learning onlineA main source of distraction is digital technologyWhile electronic devices are required for online learning,they easily steal attention for long periods of timeMost students will hold their phones or leave them on their des
68、ks while studyingThere is no doubt that during this time a text message from a friend can start a conversation that results in totally ignoring an assignmentStudents might open new tabs to watch a fun video or scroll through social media threadsTo overcome this challenge,students are encouraged to p
69、ut all devices out of sight while working and build a solid timetableIn addition to electronic devices,background noises can be a huge obstacle when it comes to online learningIn fact,sitting in a silent environment often emphasizes background noises even moreTelevision,family members,pets running i
70、n the house,or siblings listening to loud music can all be sources of interruptionEven weather can be a distraction！Imagine a strong wind blowing through the trees or a loud thunderstorm with rainAll these noises can end up disrupting students and affecting their studyA pair of headphones can minimi
71、ze noise and help students stay on taskIndeed,where and how we study can be a source of distraction as wellSome students wear comfortable pajamas while lying on their beds with laptops to watch class lecturesThis can be a problem for concentration because humans mentally associate the bed with resti
72、ngLikewise,kitchens raise even more problems！Thinking about food frequently can disturb studying or cause a student to miss part of the classThis problem can be solved by trying to slowly train the brain to separate school time from resting and eating timeAlso,a student can grab a light snack before
73、 class starts or even before starting an assignmentDifferent students face different challenges at homeStudents need to figure out ways to ensure they stay on track to achieve their academic goals40According to the passage,what can students do to overcome distractions caused by digital technology wh
74、ile learning online？41Why do kitchens raise problems for students studying at home？42Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain whyTo avoid being disturbed by background noises,students could sit in a silent environment or wear a pair of headphones43Pl
75、ease briefly introduce how online learning benefits you（In about 40 words）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。近期，你校英国外教Jim做了关于阅读方法的在线讲座。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1表达感谢并简述你的收获；2说明你阅读中的困惑并寻求帮助。注意：1词数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim，_Yours, Li Hua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）参考答案第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1. C 2. B 3.
76、D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）11. what12. With13. donated14. asked15. coming16. popularity17. cheaper 18. will suffer/suffers 19. where20. is understood第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B31. B 32. C 33.C 34.
77、D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35A 36. E 37. G 38. C 39. F第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）40. They can put all devices out of sight while studying and build a solid timetable.41. Because thinking about food frequently can disturb studying or cause them/a student to miss part of the cl
78、ass. 42. To avoid being disturbed by background noises, students could sit in a silent environment or wear a pair of headphones.According to the passage, sitting in a silent environment often emphasizes background noises even more.43. With online learning, I enjoy more flexibility in rearranging cou
79、rses and completing tasks. It also allows me to learn at my own pace. For instance, I can start and pause the video when it suits me to ensure that Ive really mastered the material.第二节（20分）范文：Dear Jim, Thank you very much indeed for the wonderful lecture you gave on reading methods. Ive learnt reall
80、y a lot, because you helped me overcome the bottleneck of my readinghow to increase the reading speed. However, I am still puzzled by some difficulties in reading. For example, I find it hard to grasp the gist of the passages, and I also feel it hard to continue reading when confronted with new words. What can I do? Would you please give me some advice? I would be really grateful if you could help me out. Thank you very much again. Your earliest reply would be appreciated. Yours, Li hua