1、江苏省金陵中学2020-2021学年高三第一学期12月调研考试英语试题注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试号座位号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A
2、、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15 B.9.18 C.9.15答案是C。1. What is the mans favorite thing about the caf?A The music. B. The coffee. C. The cookies.2. Where does the conversation take place?A. In Italy. B. In Greece. C. In England.3 Why
3、did the woman cancel her social media accounts?A. To focus on her studies.B. To protect her personal information. C. To spend time with her family.4. What will the man do next?A. Play football. B. Clean his room. C. Visit his friends.5. What does the woman want from the man?A. A book. B. An iPad. C.
4、 A towel.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. How many computers are working now?A. 33. B. 34. C. 35.7. What will the woman do next?A. Use a computer. B. Teach a clas
5、s. C. Get a key.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8. What is the woman worried about?A. Her childrens tastes. B. Her childrens behavior. C. Her childrens health.9. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Just take it easy. B. Talk with her children. C. Observe other teenagers.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. What happ
6、ened to the woman?A. She failed a test. B. She met a rude driver. C. She was in a car accident.11. How does the woman feel?A. Sad. B. Scared. C. Understanding.12. What will the woman do before bed?A. Use her computer. B. Watch television. C. Drink some tea.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. What is the main
7、 topic of the conversation?A. The mans family.B Things to do in Santa Fe.C. Tips on traveling cheaply.14. Why is the mans father going on the trip?A. To go sightseeing.B. To attend a meeting.C. To visit his favorite artist.15. Who will the man go to museums with?A. His sister. B. His grandmother. C.
8、 His mother.16. What will the woman tell the man by email?A. Names of a few restaurants.B. Popular hiking places in Santa Fe. C. Recipes for some Tex-Mex dishes.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. Why does the speaker introduce the class to fruit carving?A. He thinks vegetables are beautiful.B. He wants eve
9、ryone to have a treat to eat.C. He wants people to appreciate Thai culture.18. Who first carved birds out of fruit in Thailand?A. A servant. B. A king. C. A writer.19. Where did the idea of carving fruit begin?A. In Thailand. B. In Japan. C. In China.20. When does fruit carving play an important rol
10、e in Thailand?A. On the Floating Lantern Festival.B. During the New Year holiday.C. On Christmas.第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AI-drive 360Looking for things to do in after youve visited Disney World? Families should head for I-drive360: an 18-acre ent
11、ertainment complex centred around a 400-foot tall observation wheel-the Coca-Cola Orlando eye that offers breathtaking views of Central Florida. There two on-site museums make I-Drive360 stand out. Skeletons: Museum of Osteology features 500 complete animal skeletons (骨骼) that provide remarkable loo
12、k into the world of wildlife. Sea Life Orlando is an interactive underwater adventure allowing you to observe sea species up close from inside a thrilling 360-degree ocean tunnel.Lake Eola ParkLocated in the heart of downtown Orlando, Lake Eola Park is continuously rated one of the best things to do
13、 in Orlando by both visitor and locals alike. Whether you want a leisurely walk or a heart-pumping jog, you can taste the peaceful scenery along the 1.5-kilometre pathway that lines the lake. Feeling romantic?Wonder WorksWonder Works was actually built to look as though it was dropped upside-down on
14、 an otherwise ordinary Orlando city block! No, your eyes arent playing tricks on youhere everything is upside down! Kids of all find the 100-plus hands-on exhibits inside the striking structure just as mind-blowing, from the natural disasters-themed displays to a 36-foot-high indoor ropes course.Col
15、lege Park NeighborhoodVoted Orlandos Best Neighborhood” its here youll find the Dubsdread Golf Course (the only public golf course in the city), and some of the best food Orlando has to offer. In the fall, College Park plays host to a popular Jazz Festival, with as many as 10 bands playing on three
16、stages dotted throughout the neighborhood.1. What makes I-drive360 most famous?A. The Coca-Cola Orlando Eye.B. Its size and ideal location.C. Its two on-site museums.D. The 360-degree ocean tunnel.2. If you have a mood for a walk, where would you go?A. I-Drive360.B. Lake Eola Park.C. Wonder Works.D.
17、 College Park Neighborhood.3. What can we know about Wonder Works?A. It has earned a lot of money.B. Many hands are working there.C. No adult will be admitted into it.D. It is educational and entertaining.4. What do the four attractions have in common?A. They are all Orlando-based.B. They are closel
18、y located.C. They all are seaside ones.D. They are all for children.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A【解析】本文属于应用文，该宣传手册介绍了奥兰多市的四处游览胜地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段There two on-site museums make I-Drive360 stand out.可知，I-Drive360内两个博物馆让这个地方更出名，故C切题。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Whether you want a leisurely walk or a heart-pumping jog,
19、you can taste the peaceful scenery along the 1.5-kilometre pathway that lines the lake.可知，Lake Eola Park可以供游客散步或者慢跑，同时还能欣赏到湖边景色，故B切题。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段here everything is upside down! Kids of all find the 100-plus hands-on exhibits inside the striking structure just as mind-blowing可知，Wonder Works里面所有的
20、东西都是颠倒的，让游客很惊讶，另外孩子还可以在里面发现超过100种需要自己亲自动手操作的展览品，足以让人大开眼界，因此可以推出，该景点让孩子在玩的时候也能学到东西，故D切题。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据I-drive 360部分an 18-acre entertainment complex centred around a 400-foot tall observation wheel-the Coca-Cola Orlando eye that offers breathtaking views of Central Florida.，Lake Eola Park部分中Located in
21、 the heart of downtown Orlando，Wonder Works部分中Wonder Works was actually built to look as though it was dropped upside-down on an otherwise ordinary Orlando city block!以及College Park Neighborhood部分中Voted Orlandos Best Neighborhood,”可知，这四个景点都在Orlando，故选A。BAs parents, you are understandably very afraid
22、 of your children getting hurt and getting into trouble, as you send your kids out into the world where they learn from other kids and from external media. This makes you feel unsafe because you cant control the information and ideas that your children are exposed to. When your child lies to you, it
23、 hurts and makes you angry, because it shakes the foundation of trust you have in your child.Your kids honesty becomes the connector between whats happening to him on the outside world and what happens at home. You need him to tell you honestly what happened today. For example, if you say to your ch
24、ild, “Were you out last night?” and he says, “Yes, I was. I hung out with my friends and Im really sorry. I shouldnt have done it.” This is an opportunity for your child to admit his mistake. But for the teen who says, “No way; I wasnt out! That wasnt me,” youre dealing with denial. For the child wh
25、o admits his mistake, you might set the limit of not allowing him to sleep over at a friends house until you can see hes being honest about coming home. But if theres total denial, he may lose his privileges to go out and to sleep over at a friends house for a longer period of time.To prevent future
26、 lies, the important things is that youre monitoring your childand he knows that youre doing it. Remember, youll do a better job when you respond objectively instead of reacting emotionally. Facing kids lies, a good parent is supposed to set rules and follow through. Additionally, having a conversat
27、ion about the lie is where the learning happens for your child and is where you can influence better choices for more consistently responsible behavior.5. What makes parents feel insecure about their kids?A. Nobody trusts their kid in the world because of lying.B. Lying always causes their kids to g
28、et hurt or troubled.C. Their kids are exposed to information beyond their control.D. Their kids learn little from other kids and external media.6. How should parents react when their kids lie about going out at night?A. Banning their going out longer.B. Taking no notice of it.C. Forbidding their mee
29、ting friends.D. Bursting into anger.7. What is the key to preventing potential lies?A. Emotional reaction.B. Immediate blame.C. Loose rules.D. Open conversations.8. Whats the purpose of the passage?A. To persuade kids out of telling lies.B. To offer advice on handling kids lying.C. To introduce the
30、consequences of kids lying.D. To explain the reasons for kids lying.【答案】5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何处理孩子的谎言进行了建议。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“This makes you feel unsafe because you cant control the information and ideas that your children are exposed to. ”（这让你感到不安全，因为你无法控制你的孩子接触到的信息和思想。）可知，他们的孩子接触的信
31、息超出了他们的控制范围，这让父母对他们的孩子没有安全感。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Remember, youll do a better job when you respond objectively instead of reacting emotionally. ”（记住，当你客观地做出反应而不是带有情绪时，你会做得更好。）可知，当孩子们撒谎关于晚上出去玩的事情撒谎的时候，父母应该不要在意。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Additionally, having a conversation about the lie is where t
32、he learning happens for your child and is where you can influence better choices for more consistently responsible behavior.”（此外，与孩子进行关于谎言的对话可以让孩子学到东西，也可以影响孩子做出更好的选择，让他们做出更负责任的行为。）可知，预防潜在风险的关键在于建立谈话。故选D。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“To prevent future lies, the important things is that youre monitoring your
33、childand he knows that youre doing it.”（为了防止未来的谎言，重要的是你要监视你的孩子他知道你在这么做。）可知，文章的主要目的是提供处理孩子说谎的建议。故选B。CWill a parent ever forget the first time they hug their baby? A survey of 125 full-term and premature(早产的）newborns at Nationwide Childrens Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, found early, gentle displays of a
34、ffection from parents and caregivers have lasting effects on how baby brains react to gentle touch. That means early exposure to hugs could help pre-term babies experience affection as pleasant while also increasing positive brain responses.Nearly every parent has no doubt heard about the benefits o
35、f kangaroo care and skin-to-skin contact, but this new information proves those hours spent sleeping on mam or dads chest can even counteract negative experiences among weak premature babies.The survey found the more supportive touch a premature baby received from their parents or hospital staff, th
36、e stronger their brain responses were. According to one of the authors, Dr. Nathalie Maitre, the survey indicates skin-to-skin care is absolutely vital for babies spending a long period of time in neonatal(新生儿的）intensive care units. When a baby is stuck in the NICU, mom and dad arent always availabl
37、e for hugging duty.“When parents cannot do this, hospitals need to consider someone professional to provide a carefully planned touch experience, sometimes missing from a hospital setting,Maitre tells Science Daily.Knowing that a gentle hug can help counteract the prick(刺痛）of a needle is just one mo
38、re reason for parents to pet their baby as much as possible not that anyone needs another reason.We parents often feel like our hearts are growing bigger each time we hug our little ones, but the truth is their brains are growing even faster than our bonds.9. What does the research find?A. More hugs
39、 benefit newborns more.B. Gentle hugs benefit children as well.C. How to measure advantages of hugs.D. What is needed for premature newborns.10. What does the underlined word “counteract” in Paragraph 2.mean?A. give rise to.B. weaken.C. increase.D. lead a.11. What does Dr. Nathalie Maitre suggest in
40、 Paragraph 3?A. Parents need more guidance to touch their babies.B. Some hospitals fail to offer such touch experiences.C. More effort should be made to improve medical care.D. Parents didnt follow the doctors professional direction.【答案】9. A 10. B 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明早期拥抱可以帮助早产儿体验到愉悦的情感，同时增加积极的大脑反应
41、。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“That means early exposure to hugs could help pre-term babies experience affection as pleasant while also increasing positive brain responses.”（这意味着早期拥抱可以帮助早产儿体验到愉悦的情感，同时增加积极的大脑反应。）可知，研究发现更多的拥抱对新生儿更有好处。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“That means early exposure to hugs could help pre-
42、term babies experience affection as pleasant while also increasing positive brain responses.”（这意味着早期拥抱可以帮助早产儿体验到愉悦的情感，同时增加积极的大脑反应。）可知，拥抱对早产儿很有好处，所以此处是指在妈妈或爸爸怀里的几个小时可以削弱虚弱的早产儿的负面体验。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“When parents cannot do this, hospitals need to consider someone professional to provide a car
43、efully planned touch experience, sometimes missing from a hospital setting”（当家长无法做到这一点时，医院需要考虑请专业人士提供精心策划的触摸体验，有时医院设置中会缺少这种体验）可知，有些医院并没有提供这种触摸体验。故选B。DFrench baby-milk maker Lactalis and health authorities have ordered a major international recall ( 召回) of several food products for babies. The Lactal
44、is Group is one of the worlds largest manufacturers of dairy products. It said French health officials warned the company that 26 babies had been sickened with salmonella (沙门氏菌) since December 1,2017.The French Ministry of the Economy ordered the suspension of marketing and export of several baby pr
45、oducts made at a Lactalis factory in Craon, France. It said all the products were manufactured after February 15, 2017, the French health ministrys website says the recall affects nine countries in four continents: Britain and Greece in Europe; Morocco and Sudan in Africa; Peru and Colombia in South
46、 America; and Pakistan, Bangladesh and China in Asia. The United States, a major market for Lactalis products, is not affected.A company spokesman told the Associated Press Monday that the recall is “precautionary (预防的)” and involves “several million” products. Lactalis noted in a statement that the
47、 26 cases of infection were linked to products with the brand names Picot SL, Pepti Junior 1 , Milumel Bio 1 and Picot Riz. The statement included an apology and provided financial support to the families whose children were sickened. The company said it had taken measures to clean the area of the f
48、actory where the bacteria spread.Infection with salmonella can cause sickness. Signs of infection include abdominal ( 腹 部 ) pain , diarrhea ( 腹泻) and higher-than-normal body temperature. The sickness is more dangerous among some populations, including the very young.The Lactalis Group is a privately
49、-held company. Its headquarters is in western France. Lactalis has 75, 000 employees in 85 countries and earnings of about 17 billion euros a year. Its famous brands include President and Galbani cheeses, as well as Parmalat milk.12. Why are the dairy products of Lactalis ordered to be returned?A. B
50、ecause they may have been polluted by salmonella.B. Because they have claimed the lives of some babies.C. Because their marketing strategy has been adjusted.D. Because they are being boycotted by consumers.13. What can we learn about infection with salmonella from the passage?A. 26 baby cases have b
51、een found by now.B. The symptoms include a high body temperature.C. The very young tend to suffer less.D. Nine countries were infected, including America.14. What measures have been taken to address the issue?A. Recalling the products made before Feb.15, 2017.B. Cleaning all the areas of the relevan
52、t factories.C. Pausing the promotion of products in Australia.D. Covering the medical expenses of the sick children.15. Where does the text probably come from?A. A book review.B. A research paper.C. A news report.D. A doctors diary.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。法国婴儿奶粉制造商拉克塔利斯和卫生当局下令在国际范围内大
53、规模召回几种婴儿食品。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ It said French health officials warned the company that 26 babies had been sickened with salmonella (沙门氏菌) since December 1,2017.”（该公司表示，法国卫生官员警告该公司，自2017年12月1日以来，已有26名婴儿感染沙门氏菌。）可知，拉克塔利斯的乳制品被勒令退回是因为它们可能被沙门氏菌污染了。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Infection with salmonella ca
54、n cause sickness. Signs of infection include abdominal ( 腹 部 ) pain , diarrhea ( 腹泻) and higher-than-normal body temperature. ”（沙门氏菌感染会导致疾病。感染的症状包括腹痛、腹泻和高于正常体温。）可知，沙门氏菌感染的症状包括很高的体温。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The company said it had taken measures to clean the area of the factory where the bacteria s
55、pread.”（该公司表示，已采取措施清理工厂内细菌传播区域。）可知，为了解决这个问题所采取的措施有清洁相关工厂的所有区域。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“French baby-milk maker Lactalis and health authorities have ordered a major international recall ( 召回) of several food products for babies. ”（法国婴儿奶粉制造商拉克塔利斯和卫生当局下令在国际范围内大规模召回几种婴儿食品。）可知，此处为导语，根据第二段第二句“It said all
56、the products were manufactured after February 15, 2017, the French health ministrys website says the recall affects nine countries in four continents”（法国卫生部网站说，召回的所有产品都是在2017年2月15日之后生产的。召回影响到4大洲的9个国家）等可知，这篇文章为新闻报道。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Well, to pick u
57、p where we left off last time, I believe now we might all agree that self-improvement is of great benefit for each of us. However, there are lots of stops along the road to self-improvement, which often calls for patience, emotional (情绪的) strength and kindness. _16_Fight fairly. When arguing with an
58、other person, stick to the subject. Present the facts briefly, and dont bring up unrelated incidents that happened 4 weeks from last Tuesday. Listen to the other persons point of view. It is just as important as yoursHold your temper. Life will always set barriers on your way. _17_ You can become a
59、nicer person by dealing with stress in a proper, adult manner rather than becoming annoyed at people who have troubled you._18_ Nice people always put themselves in the other persons shoes. If the service is a little slow, maybe its because the waitress has been standing for 8 hours and her back and
60、 feet are aching. You never know the full story from a brief meeting with a person.Complain in a reasonable way. Service-oriented businesses often live by the idea “The Customer is Always Right.” They are mistaken. The customer is not always right; sometimes he/she is quite unreasonable. You dont “d
61、eserve” a free meal because the waitress forgot to bring knife and fork. _19_ Put others first. Nice people make a concentrated effort to be kind and put others heeds above their own. Let the troubled-looking Mom have the parking space. _20_ Dont interrupt people when theyre speaking, or finish thei
62、r sentences for them. Such small things, yet the effects are immediate and far-reaching.A. Be understanding.B. Just learn to accept them and move on.C. If you have a complaint, air it out, but be reasonable.D. When it is beyond your head, ask for professional assistance.E. Stand a few extra seconds
63、holding the door for an elderly person.F. With concentrated effort, you can become a better person than you ever thought possible.G. Stop a moment and think how you can help to solve the problems, and youll be a success.【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. E【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了自我提高的方法，如何成为更优秀的人。【16题详解】根据空格
64、上文“Well, to pick up where we left off last time, I believe now we might all agree that self-improvement is of great benefit for each of us. (好吧，回到我们上次结束的地方，我相信现在我们可能都同意自我提高对我们每个人都有很大的好处)”可知，第一段内容阐述的是自我提高对我们每个人都有很大的好处。F项意为“只要全力以赴的努力，你就能成为一个比你想象的更好的人。”选项内容能够承接上文，正是因为自我提高对我们有好处，所以如果我们努力自我提高，就会成为一个比自己想象
65、中更好的人。故选F。【17题详解】根据空格上文“Hold your temper. Life will always set barriers on your way. (别发脾气。生活总会在你的路上设置障碍)”可知，本段内容告诉我们生活总会出现障碍，遇到问题时，要控制自己的脾气。B项意为“学会接受他们，继续前进。”选项内容能够承接上文，告诉我们遇到障碍时，学会接受他们，继续前进，选项中的“them”代指上文的“barriers”。故选B。【18题详解】根据空格后句“Nice people always put themselves in the other persons shoes. (友
66、好的人总是设身处地为别人着想)”可知，本段内容告诉我们遇到问题时，要多站在对方的角度思考问题。A项意为“要善解人意，体谅别人。”选项内容能够概括段落主旨，我们要学会体谅别人，多站在对方的角度思考问题，后文提到的“服务员服务的速度慢可能是因为长时间站立而脚痛”正是体谅别人的例子。故选A。【19题详解】根据段首句“Complain in a reasonable way. (以合理的方式抱怨。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们要以合理的方式抱怨。空格前“You dont “deserve” a free meal because the waitress forgot to bring knife and
67、 fork. (你不该“应得”一顿免费的饭，因为女服务员忘了带刀叉)”是对不合理的抱怨的举例。C项意为“如果你有抱怨，发泄出来，但要合乎情理。”选项内容符合段落主旨，告诉我们有抱怨可以发泄，但要合理，且与上文不合理的抱怨形成对比。故选C。【20题详解】根据空格前句“Put others first. Nice people make a concentrated effort to be kind and put others heeds above their own. (把别人放在第一位。友好的人会全力以赴地做一个善良的人，把别人放在自己之上)”可知，本段内容告诉我们遇到事情时，要首先考虑
68、他人。E项意为“多站几秒钟，为老人把门扶好。”选项内容是对“把别人放在第一位”的举例，遇到老人时，考虑到老人行动不便，我们可以多站几秒，为老人扶门。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Having a clear picture in mind of what their future will look like can motivate students to keep going despite the challenges of college life.
69、 This _21_ seems to be particularly effective for female students from relatively low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds says Mesmin Destin of Northwestern University in the US. College is a time of great opportunity for some, but can be _22_ for others. It is often the first time that many stud
70、ents are away from the regular and familiar support of their family and friends. Weak students from lower SES backgrounds often encounter greater financial and psychological challenges than others, and this can lead to _23_ and even withdrawal from difficult situations, such as when interacting with
71、 their lecturers or taking tests and exams.Destin and his colleagues wanted to understand if students _24_ to academic challenges improve when they look forward to the future. This idea is built around the theory of identity-based motivation. It holds that people can take positive action during time
72、s of unfavorable conditions when they_25_ a successful future for themselves.The theory of identity-based motivation proposes that stimulating a focus on a successful future identity may be especially _26_ in motivating students who are weak during challenging academic situations to develop a sense
73、of action readiness, explains Destin. This involves feeling ready and able to take appropriate action when _27_ difficulty.In two almost identical laboratory experiments - one involving 93 female students, the other 185 students (including 101 women) - participants were first asked either to write a
74、bout their past or their future _28_. After their deep thoughts, the participants were filmed during an imitated interview with a so-called lecturer, and then had to _29_ a difficult academic test. The research team noted whether participants body language was bold and confident, and measured the am
75、ount of effort participants _30_ the academic test.The results were in agreement with the theory of identity-based motivation. Destin and his team found that having a successful future identity can prevent especially female students from lower SES backgrounds from _31_ during challenging academic si
76、tuations. Specifically, lower SES women who wrote about their future identities displayed greater action _32_ compared to those who considered their past. They showed more confident body language. It helped them to make more effort to tackle the test, and had an indirect effect on their _33_.Stimula
77、ting imagined successful future identities appears to provide a _34_ pathway to enable weak students to effectively navigate everyday stressors, says Destin. The findings _35_ suggest that certain students may benefit from strategies that remind them to image their successful futures before any diff
78、icult and important task that they might otherwise be likely to avoid.21. A. instructionB. strategyC. challengeD. psychology22. A. disgracefulB. shamefulC. harmfulD. stressful23. A. hesitationB. intentionC. depressionD. decision24. A. willingnessB. optionsC. responsesD. applications25. A. destroyB.
79、imagineC. abandonD. substitute26. A. powerfulB. uprightC. uniqueD. ambitious27. A. avoidingB. overcomingC. surrenderingD. encountering28. A. experienceB. sufferingC. successD. failure29. A. designB. completeC. commentD. revise30. A. put awayB. put onC. put outD. put into31. A. withdrawingB. transfor
80、mingC. advancingD. engaging32. A. quantityB. dullnessC. readinessD. inability33. A. fascinationB. ignoranceC. dilemmaD. performance34. A. tolerableB. potentialC. straightD. academic35. A. thereforeB. howeverC. otherwiseD. meanwhile【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
81、 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现想象自己的成功未来这一策略会让大学生受益。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一策略似乎对社会经济地位相对较低的女学生特别有效。A. instruction指令；B. strategy策略、战略；C. challenge挑战；D. psychology心理。空前说对自己的未来有一个清晰的认识可以激励学生在大学生活的挑战中继续前进，此处指的就是这个策略，文章最后一句话中的“strategies”也是提示，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大学对一些人来说是一个很好的机会，但对另一
82、些人来说可能会有压力。A. disgraceful可耻的；B. shameful不体面的；C. harmful有害的；D. stressful有压力的、紧张的。空后说这往往是许多学生第一次远离家人和朋友经常和熟悉的支持，社会地位较低的弱势学生往往比其他人遇到更大的经济和心理挑战，这可能导致犹豫，甚至从困难的情况下退缩，这说明大学对一些人来说可能是有压力的，故D项正确。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能导致犹豫，甚至从困难的情况下退缩。A. hesitation犹豫；B. intention目的；C. depression沮丧；D. decision决定。空前说社会地位较低的弱势学生往
83、往比其他人遇到更大的经济和心理挑战，因此这可能导致他们犹豫，甚至从困难的情况下退缩，故A项正确。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Destin和他的同事们希望了解学生在展望未来时，对学术挑战的反应是否有所改善。A. willingness乐意；B. options选择；C. responses反应、回应；D. applications应用。根据空后的“to academic challenges improve when they look forward to the future.”可知，他们想知道学生在展望未来时，对学术挑战的反应是否有所改善，故C项正确。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨
84、析。句意：它认为，当人们为自己设想一个成功的未来时，他们可以在不利的条件下采取积极的行动。A. destroy破坏；B. imagine想象、憧憬；C. abandon放弃；D. substitute替代。空前说这个想法是建立在基于身份的动机理论的基础上的，此处是对这个理论的解释，即：当人们为自己设想一个成功的未来时，他们可以在不利的条件下采取积极的行动，故B项正确。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：基于身份的动机理论认为，激发对成功的未来身份的关注可能特别有助于激励那些在挑战性学习环境中表现不佳的学生培养行动准备意识。A. powerful强大的、有力量的；B. upright正直的；
85、C. unique独特的；D. ambitious有抱负的。上文说这个理论认为当人们为自己设想一个成功的未来时，他们可以在不利的条件下采取积极的行动，所以激发对成功的未来身份的关注会特别有助于激励那些在挑战性学习环境中表现不佳的学生培养行动准备意识，be powerful in表示“在方面是有力的”，故A项正确。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这包括在遇到困难时感到准备好并能够采取适当的行动。A. avoiding避免；B. overcoming克服；C. surrendering投降；D. encountering遇到。根据空前的“feeling ready and able to t
86、ake appropriate action”可知，感到准备好并能够采取适当的行动是遇到困难时的反应，故D项正确。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与者首先被要求写下他们的过去或未来的成功。A. experience经历、经验；B. suffering苦难；C. success成功；D. failure失败。上文说基于身份的动机理论认为，激发对成功的未来身份的关注可能特别有助于激励那些在挑战性学习环境中表现不佳的学生培养行动准备意识，这个理论的核心就是“成功的身份”，所以参与者被要求写下他们的过去或未来的成功，故C项正确。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过深思熟虑后，参与者在模拟
87、采访一位所谓讲师的过程中被拍摄下来，然后完成一次困难的学术测试。A. design设计；B. complete 完成；C. comment 评论；D. revise修正。根据空后说的研究团队衡量了参与者在学术测试中投入的努力程度可知，参与者需要完成一次困难的学术测试，故B项正确。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究团队记录了参与者的肢体语言是否大胆自信，并衡量了参与者在学术测试中投入的努力程度。A. put away放好；B. put on穿上；C. put out熄灭；D. put into放进、放到。根据空前的“measured the amount of effort”可知，研究团
88、队衡量了参与者在学术测试中投入的努力程度，故D项正确。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Destin和他的团队发现，拥有一个成功的未来身份可以防止特别是来自较低社会地位背景的女学生在充满挑战的学习环境中退缩。A. withdrawing退缩、撤离；B. transforming转换；C. advancing推动；D. engaging从事。上文说基于身份的动机理论认为当人们为自己设想一个成功的未来时，他们可以在不利的条件下采取积极的行动，所以此处是说拥有一个成功的未来身份可以防止特别是来自较低社会地位背景的女学生在充满挑战的学习环境中退缩，故A项正确。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：
89、具体来说，社会经济地位较低的女性在写自己未来身份时，比那些考虑过去身份的女性表现出更强的行动准备。A. quantity数量；B. dullness迟钝；C. readiness准备就绪、愿意；D. inability无能。上文说基于身份的动机理论认为，激发对成功的未来身份的关注可能特别有助于激励那些在挑战性学习环境中表现不佳的学生培养行动准备意识，所以社会经济地位较低的女性在写自己未来身份时，比那些考虑过去身份的女性表现出更强的行动准备，故C项正确。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这帮助她们更加努力地应对考试，并对她们的表现产生了间接影响。A. fascination魅力；B. ign
90、orance无知；C. dilemma 困境；D. performance表现。空前说她们表现出更加自信的肢体语言，这间接影响了她们的表现，故D项正确、【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：激发想象中的成功的未来身份似乎提供了一条潜在的途径，使弱势学生能够有效应对日常压力。A. tolerable可容忍的；B. potential潜在的；C. straight直的；D. academic学术的。根据空后的“_ pathway to enable weak students to effectively navigate everyday stressors”可知，激发想象中的成功的未来身份提
91、供了一条使弱势学生能够有效应对日常压力的潜在途径，故B项正确。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，研究结果表明，某些学生可能会从一些策略中受益，这些策略提醒他们在完成任何困难而重要的任务之前，先想象自己成功的未来，否则他们可能会逃避这些任务。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. meanwhile同时。此处总结上文，说的是这个研究结果的意义，前后是因果关系，此处表示结果，故A项正确。【点睛】本篇第8题难度较大，对基于身份的动机理论的理解是关键，根据上文中的“The theory of identity-based motivatio
92、n proposes that stimulating a focus on a successful future identity may be especially _6_ in motivating students who are weak during challenging academic situations to develop a sense of action readiness”可知，基于身份的动机理论认为，激发对成功的未来身份的关注可能特别有助于激励那些在挑战性学习环境中表现不佳的学生培养行动准备意识，这个理论的核心就是“成功的身份”，所以参与者被要求写下他们的过去
93、或未来的成功，故C项正确。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）Chinese knot is an ancient folk art form in China, simple _36_ attractive as well. Its history can date back to the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BC), and it was fully developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and became _37_ (wide) popular in the Ming and Qing Dynastie
94、s. A knot _38_ is made of colorful silk thread can bring good luck to its owner. It is often used to express good wishes, _39_(include) happiness, prosperity, love and the absence of evil.Chinese knot _40_ (indicate) that every knot is made of a single rope and named by its specific form and meaning
95、. For example, “Happiness & Health”, “Luck and Auspiciousness (吉祥)” and “Wish you a fair wind”. By combining different knots _41_ other well-designed things skillfully, a unique auspicious Chinese knot with many wishes _42_ (form). And it is also worth noting that the logo for Beijings bid _43_ (hos
96、t) the 2008 Olympics was based on a traditional knot craft design.Today, people are fond of Chinese knot for its _44_ (character) form, colorfulness and deep meaning. Most commonly, the knot is used either as a hanging _45_(decorate), such as in the home or car, or on the body like ring, earrings, h
97、and chain or necklace.【答案】36. but 37. widely 38. that/which 39. including 40. indicates 41. with 42. is formed 43. to host 44. characteristic 45. decoration【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍中国结的历史、中国结的意义以及当今的受欢迎程度。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：中国结是一种传统的民间艺术，简单却又富有吸引力。根据本句前后两个词simple以及attractive，描述中国结的两个不同的方面，意思相对，故用but。【37题详解】考查副词。句意
98、：中国结历史可以追溯到周朝，在唐宋时期得以完全发展，到明清时期，广泛流行。修饰形容词popular作状语，故用副词形式widely。【38题详解】考查关系代词。句意：中国结是由五彩缤纷的丝线构成，能够给人带来好运。通过分析本句，is made of colorful silk thread作定语从句修饰先行词knot，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that/which。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：中国结通常表达愿望，比如幸福、兴旺、爱以及辟邪。通过分析句子结构，include在本句中后定语修饰wishes，与后面的名词形成介宾结构，故用including。【40题详解】考查动词时态。句意
99、：中国结这个名字就暗示了每个结都是由一条丝线打结而成，根据不同形状赋予不同的名字。通过分析，indicate在句中knot的谓语，与主语构成主谓逻辑关系，主语为单数，文章介绍中国结，用一般现在时，故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式indicates。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：通过巧妙的把中国结与其他东西相结合，一个独特又带有美好愿望的中国结就产生了。此处为结构combinewith （把与相结合），故用with。【42题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：句意：通过巧妙的把中国结与其他东西相结合，一个独特又带有美好愿望的中国结就产生了。通过分析，本句关于中国结的制作，故用一般现在时，同时form
100、在句中作knot的谓语，形成动宾关系，用被动语态，因此用is formed。【43题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：值得说明的是，用于竞选举办2008年奥运会所用的图标的灵感就是来源于中国结。通过分析，host作后置定语修饰bid，又与the 2008 Olympics形成主谓关系，故用主动形式，因此用to host。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：如今人们喜欢中国结是因为它特别的形式、丰富的颜色以及包含的美好愿望。character修饰form作定语，故用其形容词形式characteristic。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：中国结通常用于家里或者车里悬挂装饰品，或者首饰比如戒指、耳环、手链以及
101、项链。通过分析句子，decorate被a hanging修饰，作as的宾语，故用名词形式decoration。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 近日某动物园宣布关闭运行了24年的马戏团(circus),引发了一些热议。 请以Should animals entertain us?为题，写一篇100字左右的文章，谈谈你的看法，登在校报英语专栏上。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Should animals entertain us?Animal shows in circuses are always excellent mem
102、ories in our childhood. Cute animals and their amazing performances entertain us a lot. But should animals entertain us?From where I stand, they dont have the duty to entertain human beings. First, their life in circus is universally unhappy and unfortunate, which means losing freedom and ideal livi
103、ng conditions. Second, animals are also the kids of the nature, like human beings. It is their rights to live in their nature environment and have their own living rules. However, because of human beings selfness, they suffer all of the unequal treatments. Finally, it is our responsibility that we s
104、hould respect all of the lives.【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，要求考生对“动物是否应该娱乐我们”进行讨论。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：议论文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 对“动物是否应该娱乐我们”进行讨论。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）have the duty to entertain human beings; unhappy and unfortunate; lose freedom and ideal living conditions; have thei
105、r own living rules; suffer all of the unequal treatments; respect all of the lives第三步：连词成句1. From where I stand, they dont have the duty to entertain human beings. 2. First, their life in circus is universally unhappy and unfortunate, which means losing freedom and ideal living conditions. 3. Second
106、, animals are also the kids of the nature, like human beings. It is their rights to live in their nature environment and have their own living rules.4. However, because of human beings selfness, they suffer all of the unequal treatments. 5. Finally, it is our responsibility that we should respect al
107、l of the lives.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序： Firstly/First, Secondly, Finally2表转折对比关系：However3.表因果关系：Because of连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 First, their life in circus is universally unhappy and unfortunate, which means losing freedom and ideal living condit
108、ions. （which引导的定语从句）高分句型2 Finally, it is our responsibility that we should respect all of the lives.（it作形式主语）第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。“Okay,” said our teacher, Mrs. Woodland：“Its time for the gift exchange.” I was actually a little excited. I knew what a lot of
109、 the girls had brought, and any of those gifts would be great, especially my best friend Saras. She had made some candy and put it in this super cute bear mug（马克杯）.Mrs. Woodland had us put our gifts on our classroom table. Then we opened the gifts like a game. We each drew numbers and we got to the
110、table and chose a wrapped（包装好的） gift when our number was called. But we didnt necessarily have to. We could take a gift from somebody else that had already had their number calledif we thought wed like that gift better than the wrapped ones.When it was my turn, I didnt take a wrapped gift from the t
111、able. And I didnt take Saras either though I really wanted to. I took the perfume（香水） Megan had brought instead. I didnt have enough money to get Mom something special, but the perfume was really nice. She might really like it.I was busy thinking about the perfume and whether Mom would like it or no
112、t when there was a big commotion（嘈杂）. It had been Hannah s turn to choose. She was the last one. And unsurprisingly, she didnt go for the last wrapped gift on the table. Instead, shed taken Saras gift from Lauren. Well, that meant Lauren had to take the wrapped gift. She looked a little upset when s
113、he got to the table. Everyone knew the last gift was from Kali. That was why no one had chosen it. Kali was really poor. And she always brought gifts that no one ever wanted. This time, she brought a pair of oldfashioned crocheted potholders（编织的防烫套垫）！“I dont want these,” Lauren whined（哀怨）.“I want my
114、 candy back.”“No way,” Hannah protested, keeping the mug of chocolate out of Laurens reach.“Then I want Megans perfume.” Lauren came over to take my perfume. “Come on, Melanie, trade with me.”Paragraph 1：Mrs. Woodland advised me to trade with Lauren since I had always been kind.Paragraph 2：“Here,” I
115、 said to my mom after I got home, handing her the potholders. “They are an early New Year gift.”【答案】Paragraph1：Mrs. Woodland advised me to trade with Lauren since I had always been kind. But I was unwilling to give it up because that was for my mum. Then I noticed Kali sitting silently in the back o
116、f the classroom. Suddenly I felt ashamed of myself. She had obviously worked hard on the potholders. “Sure，I will take the potholders,” I said to Mrs. Woodland. I gave my best effort to smile and glanced over at Kali. “Did you make them yourself? They are really pretty.” I said to Kali. Kali nodded
117、and smiled.Paragraph 2：“Here,” I said to my mom after I got home, handing her the potholders. “They are an early New Year gift.” Mom seemed so excited and cheerful that I was worried she thought I made them. I quickly explained that they were made by Kali. Mom smiled and told me she had already know
118、n. It turned out that Mrs. Woodland had called to tell her everything happening in the classroom. Mom praised me for handling the situation wonderfully and growing to be a thoughtful young woman. She told me that was the best gift a mother could ask for.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达考查读后续写。【详解】从原文可以看出，本文讲述了作者的班级互换礼
119、物，作者为妈妈换到了香水，但是同学Lauren对自己的礼物不满意，想要和作者互换。可推断续写部分的内容也与是否换礼物有关。结合续写的两个段首句，可知第一段主要内容“我”不愿意换礼物到愿意换礼物的心理和动作描写；根据第二段首句第二段应该写我把礼物给妈妈，担心妈妈不满意，妈妈已经知道了事情的经过，表语了“我”，并告诉我这是一个妈妈收到的最好的礼物，我能够很好的处理事情，已经是一个有思想的人。续写也可以写其他合理的情节，但注意一定要与文章主题有关联两个段首句线索。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了短语和高级词汇：trade with，give up，feel ashamed of，glance over，turn out，thoughtful等高级表达；高级句型：But I was unwilling to give it up because that was for my mum. 但我不愿意放弃，因为那是为了我妈妈。本句运用了状语从句，并且使用了高频词汇apologisesfor增添了文章的色彩。Mom seemed so excited and cheerful that I was worried she thought I made them. 妈妈看起来很兴奋很高兴，我担心她会以为是我做的。本句使用了几个that引导的宾语从句，是一个亮点。
