1、Reference for Teaching.异域风情A Discussion with Bill GatesMr Bill Gates,do you still write the code?How many hours do you spend on coding every day or each week?Or when was the last time you wrote any code?I still love to write code.You know I,in the early days of Microsoft,I reviewed everyones code.An
2、d it was kind of fun when I knew all the lines of code.But,of course,weve gone far beyond that.Most of the code I write is actually just so I can learn.Im writing some web service programs,so I can see how hard it is to do that.Im really trying to think now how we make it so people dont have to writ
3、e so many lines of code.Sometimes when I meet with product groups,and they say something is going to be very hard to do,I say to them,“Oh,I could come in this weekend and do that.”But Im afraid they.maybe they dont really believe me anymore,because its.its been a long time since Ive done that,I have
4、 to admit.Mr Bill Gates,I was told people in Microsoft work very,very,very hard.So how many hours did you work?Well,I think,you know,hard work is a really great thing.And the fact that people love their jobs,theyre very committed to their jobs,they. they believe in the vision of what we can help cre
5、ate.We.we are very strong on that.We also think that people should work in a way that would be sustainable.You know,we want people to have a long career.We want them to have a good balance in terms of family activities and their work.In my case,I.I generally work about,oh,60 hours a week.And so I ca
6、n still be very intense I take two weeks a year where I just go off and do nothing but.other than read and sleep a little bit and think about the future of software.And thats so I can catch up with the very rapid developments that are taking place.Bill,what is your dream computer?Well,I,you know,Im
7、personally someone who loves the.the Tablet Computer.The idea of being able to go into meetings and have my notes in ink and to be able to send off messages right while Im in that meeting,navigate the information,annotate the presentations.You know,I.I think we.we should have every student have a Ta
8、blet PC.You know,the tablet has a microphone so it can record whats said.And eventually thatll be connected up to the speech recognition.Of course,itll be connected up to that wireless network.And so for part of the time Ill use the Tablet.Then when I go to my desk,today I have three 22-inch LCDs.So
9、 I have a big visual area,and I can have my schedule,my e-mails,my browsing,and just really take full advantage of my field of view.In fact,were inventing new techniques for window management and document layout because what I have today,although its expensive,eventually that kind of screen technolo
10、gy should be available to everyone.And.and so what I have when I walk around,what I have on my desk are slightly different.And the software should make it automatic that those work well together.Im a developer in a local software company.And we.we are always compared with our Indian counterparts,and
11、 both countries have a lot of things in common:a very big market,a deep talent pool,greater potential.But it seems to me India is being so much better than China.Im very frustrated.Now why is that?Can you tell us?Well,I think its very impressive that with all the incredible things going on in China,
12、Chinas always looking at is there anyone doing it,something better.Is there anything we need to learn,you know.What has the US done about innovation and intellectual property?What has India done about outsourcing,even if it take five years,ten years.You know,Chinas gonna make the investment to be wo
13、rld class.I had a.a meeting with the.the.the ministers involved in.in education.And they were,you know,saying,“Are we doing the right things?”And I.I certainly think the strategys in place.English skills are very important,and the quality of the software training.And this is something where Miscroso
14、ft is partnering now with the universities,you know,trying to make sure the curriculum is really strong,up to date,and.and turns out lots of people.India had the advantage of having the.the history of some English speaking,and they had the Indian Insititute of Technology.And I think its great.There
15、are.there are things to learn from India.There are things to learn from the United States.Dont lose sight of the fact,though,that China is.is amazing in terms of its leadership in so many areas.And.and that the fact that Chinas such a powerhouse in manufacturing and other areas means that you will d
16、eveloping software skills and using those and then able to take that expertise and.and engage in.in software export.知识归纳1.现在分词、过去分词短语用作状语用法归纳现在分词作状语，主句的主语是分词动作的执行者，它可以表示原因、时间、条件、方式和伴随等；而过去分词作状语，主句的主语是分词所表示动作的承受者。用作状语的分词一般可换成状语从句。（1）原因状语Being too old,he couldnt walk that far.因为年龄太大了，所以他走不了那么远。替换：Beca
17、use he was too old,he couldnt walk that far.（2）时间状语Working in the factory,we learned a lot from the workers.当我们在工厂工作时，我们从工人们身上学到了许多东西。替换：When we worked in the factory,we learned a lot from the worker.(3)条件状语Standing on the building,you can see the whole city.假如你站在这个楼顶，你就会看到整个城市。替换：If you stand on th
18、e building,you can see the whole city.（4）结果状语Many trees had been blown down by the high winds,blocking roads,paths and railway lines.许多树被狂风刮倒，把大小道路、铁路线阻塞了。替换：Many trees had been blown down by the high winds and blocked roads,paths and railway lines.（5）伴随状语One woman was lying in bed,listening to the
19、rushing winds.一个女人躺在床上，静听着疾驰而过的大风。替换：One woman was lying in bed,and she was listening to the rushing winds.（6）方式状语Children usually count the numbers using their fingers.孩子们通常用他们的手指头数数字。替换：Children usually count the numbers by using their fingers.（7）原因状语（过去分词）Helped by my friends,I smoothed away all
20、the difficulties.由于得到朋友们的帮助，我顺利地渡过了所有难关。替换：As I was helped by my friends,I smoothed away all the difficulties.（8）条件状语（过去分词）Given enough time we can improve our work.如果给我们足够的时间的话，我们会改进我们的工作的。替换：If we are given enough time,we can improve our work.（9）伴随状语（过去分词）The professor came into the classroom,foll
21、owed by his assistants.教授进了教室，后面紧跟着他的助手。替换：The professor came into the classroom and was followed by his assistants.注意：A.分词短语用作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。误：Seen from the space,I find the earth blue.正:Seen from the space,the earth looks blue.正:Seeing from the space,I find the earth blue.B.表示时间关系的分词短语可由whi
22、le,when引出。While reading the book,he nodded from time to time.Be careful when riding a bike in the street.C.当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，可使用独立主格结构。Weather permitting,well go out for a walk.2.require的用法归纳（1）在require sb.to do和require sth.of sb.中，require意为“要求，（作为权利或依据权利）坚持”，主语为人。require sb.to do的意思是“要求某人做（某事）”，可用于
23、被动语态，其结构为be required to do。有时用It is/was required that-clause。It is requried that you arrive at 8 a.m./You are required to arrive at 8 a.m.你必须上午8时到达。require sth.of sb.意为“向某人要求（得到）某物”。What do you requrie of her?你对她有何要求？（2）在require to be done和required doing中，require的意思是“需要”。此时两种结构表示的意思相同，意为“（某事）需要做一下”，
24、主语为事物。The garden requires to be cleaned.The garden requires cleaning.花园需要清理了。注意：类似require doing和require to be done这种用法的词还有want和need。.词语辨析1.make use of,make the most of,make the best of这三个动词词组均与“利用”有关，但含义并不完全相同。(1)make use of是普通意义上的“利用”，通常可在use前加定语表示如何利用。We must make full use of the fine weather.我们应该
25、充分利用这好天气。(2)make the most of的意思是“尽量利用，使发挥最大效能”。You should make the most of your time.你们应该尽量利用你们的时间。（3）make the best of的意思也是“尽量利用，充分利用”，但它侧重于在不利的条件下尽量利用某东西，使之发挥最大效能。We must learn to make the best of a bad job.我们要学着在不利的情况下尽量少受损失。2.base,basis,foundation(1)base指有形的基础。basis指无形的基础。The base of the statue i
26、s made of stones.这座雕像的底座是由石头砌成的。We must unite on the basis of Marxism-Leninism.我们要在马列主义的基础上团结起来。说明：base也可用于隐喻，这时它和basis是同义词。（2）foundation表示某物所依据的基础。the foundation of a building一座建筑物的地基3.cause,reason(1)cause指“（某事的）起因”，而reason是说明一种看法和行为的“理由”。两者均可用作可数名词。Give me your reasons for refusing.告诉我你拒绝的理由。The c
27、ause of the accident was carelessness.事故的原因是不小心。（2）cause有时也可表示“理由”，但此时用作不可数名词。Dont stay away without good cause.没有充分的理由，就得回家。4.responsible for,responsible to,responsible to.forresponsible为形容词，这三个词组均表示“对负责”，在句中可作表语或宾语补足语。(1)responsible for意为“对（某事）负责”，后跟表示事物的名词（代词）或动词-ing形式作宾语。可表示对已发生的具有不良影响的事有不可推卸的责任
28、，即“某人或事是的根源或原因”；也可表示某人在道义上对他人有某种义务；还可以表示对要去做的事情有决定如何做的权利并对其后果负责。Who is responsible for breaking the glass?是谁把杯子打破了？(2)responsible to意为“对（某人）负责”，后跟表示人的名词或代词作宾语，表示某人在道义上对他人有某种义务。You are responsible to the manager.你要对经理负责。(3)responsible to.for是上述两个短语的综合，意为“在（某事上）对（某人）负责”。You should be responsible to me
29、 for my safety.你要对我的安全负责。.能力训练1.用动词-ing形式把每组两个句子连成一句(1)Thousands of young people come to the city.They come to look for jobs.答案：Thousands of young people come to the city,looking for jobs.(2)I felt tired.I went to bed.答案：Feeling tired,I went to bed.(3)He looked out of his office window.He found that
30、 his car was not where he had parked it.答案：Looking out of his office window,he found that his car was not where he had parked it.(4)The children were scared by the story.They began to cry.答案：Being scared by the story,the children began to cry.(5)The boy didnt know what to do.He sat down.答案：Not knowi
31、ng what to do,the boy sat down.(6)They thought that they were lost.They began to call their friends.答案：Thinking that they were lost,they began to call their friends.2.书面表达以“All for Money”为题，根据下面四幅图，叙述一下你的一段经历，最后写一下你自己的感受。参考答案：All for MoneyOne day,I was going to visit Shenyang by train.After I got on
32、 the train,I put tea into my mug and waited for the attendant to pour water.Then from the loudspeaker came the announcers voice：“Attention,please.We are sorry to tell you that no hot water is supplied in our train.”Most passengers were surprised at this.We were eager to have a drink,but what should
33、we do?After a while an attendant came with a cart,saying,“Soda water,5 yuan a bottle!”We were so thirsty that we had to spend money on it.On the whole way,I felt very uncomfortable.I think all the trains should supply hot water.The attendants should not make money from the passengers.They should try their best to serve them.