1、Unit 4Wildlife protection1loss(n.)损失；遗失；丧失2appreciate(vt.)鉴赏；感激；意识到3secure(adj.)安全的；可靠的4bite(vt.& vi.)咬；叮；刺痛5inspect(vt.)检查；观察6incident(n.)事件；事变7fierce(adj.)凶猛的；猛烈的8decrease(vi.& vt.)减少；(使)变小或变少increase(vt.& vi.)增加9employ(vt.)雇用；利用(时间、精力等)10protection(n.)保护protect(vt.)保护protective(adj.)保护的；防护的11resp
2、ond(vi.)回答；响应；作出反应response(n.)12distant(adj.)远的；远处的distance(n.)距离；远方13relief(n.)(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物relieve(vt.)使减轻；缓解14mercy(n.)仁慈；宽恕；怜悯merciful(adj.)仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的merciless(adj.)残忍的15contain(vt.)包含；容纳；容忍container(n.)容器16affect(vt.)影响；感动；侵袭affection(n.)喜爱；感情effect(n.)影响17succeed(vi.)成功；(vt.)接替；继任succ
3、ess(n.)成功successful(adj.)成功的18harm(n.& vt.)损害；危害harmful(adj.)有害的harmless(adj.)无害的1in_peace和平地；和睦地；安祥地2die_out灭亡；逐渐消失3burst_into_laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来4pay_attention_to注意5according_to按照，根据所说6in_danger(of) 在危险中；垂危7in_relief如释重负；松了口气8protect.from保护不受(危害)9come_into_being形成；产生10so_that以至于；结果11turn_around转过
4、身；向后转1They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being.千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多名师指津：long before很久以前，引导状语从句。例句仿写：这一切都发生在你来这儿很久以前，因此它和你无关。This all happened long_before_you_came_here，so it had nothing to do with you.2It shows the importance of wildlife protectio
5、n，but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. 这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。名师指津：as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，像那样”。例句仿写：如果你按照我说的去做，你的梦想将很快实现。If_you_do_as_I_say，your dream will come true soon.3This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left.这是红色疣猴的唯一栖息地，但是现在所剩无几了。名师指津：There be (n
6、o).left to do sth./for sth./for doing sth.为做某事/为某事留下/没留下。例句仿写：快点，我们赶最后一班车的时间不多了。Hurry up，there_is_little_time_left for us to catch up with the last bus.4They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.科学家们是根据恐龙骨骼的连接方式得知的这些。名师指津：the way是先行词，后跟定语从句。例句仿写：诚实地说，我们钦佩他解决那个问题的方法。To be honest，w
7、e admired the_way_(that/in_which) he solved the problem.contain vt.包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)；抑制(2013湖南卷阅读理解)After the meal，she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand.饭后，她把一个装有一支旧钢笔的小盒子放在我手中。(朗文P431)I found it more and more difficult to contain_my_anger.我发现越来越难控制自己的愤怒。As far as I know，the hall c
8、an contain/hold/seat/admit 3,000 people.据我所知，这个大厅可以容纳3 000人。辨析：include与contain(1)include包括，侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。(2)contain包括，侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物。不用于进行时态。The container contains many kinds of fruits，including_apples/apples_included.容器中盛着各种水果，其中包括苹果。mercy n仁慈；宽恕；怜悯(朗文P1290)Having lost engine power，the
9、boats crew found themselves at the mercy of the wind.在失去引擎动力之后，船员们发现自己只能任凭风力摆布了。(1) at the mercy of.任由摆布(2)Its a mercy (that).幸运的是He went down on his knees and begged_for_mercy.他跪下来，乞求宽恕。The judge showed little mercy to the drunk driver.The judge had/took little mercy on the drunk driver.法官对这个酒后驾车者毫
10、不宽容。It_was_a_mercy_that the whole family survived the earthquake.这次地震中一家人都幸免于难，真是不幸中之大幸。affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病) 侵袭(2013安徽卷阅读理解)Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.
11、使用过多的水或把垃圾扔到河里都是我们人类使水资源处于危险境地的很明显的方式，但我们也以很多不太明显的方式影响着我们水资源的供应。(1)be greatly/deeply affected/touched很/深受感动(2)(3)have an effect on对产生影响People present at the meeting were_deeply_affected/touched by his moving story.出席会议的人对他感人的故事深受感动。With the governments aid，those (who were) affected by the earthquake
12、 have moved to the new settlements.在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人们已经搬到新的定居点。Television has_an_effect on young people，which many teachers worry about.电视对年轻人有影响，这使许多老师很担心。appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到(2011山东书面表达)I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.如果您能给我们一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议我将
13、不胜感激。appreciaten./pron./v.ing重视/感激I would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激appreciation n欣赏；感激We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company.我们感激你为公司发展所作的努力。I really appreciate_working with someone who does such a good job.我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。There are various art websites that can help students
14、 to appreciate and create art pieces.有各种各样的艺术网站可以帮助学生欣赏和创作艺术作品。Id like to show/express_my_appreciation for everything youve done.我想对您所做的一切表示感激。名师指津当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我讨厌别人满嘴食物说话。succeed vi.成功；继承；vt.接替；
15、继任(朗文P2059)Our advertising campaign has succeeded_in_attracting more customers.我们的宣传活动成功地吸引了更多的顾客。(1)succeed in (doing) sth.成功地做某事succeed to sth.继承succeed sb.as接替某人成为(2)success nU 成功，成就；C 成功的人或事物(3)successful adj.成功的It never occurred to me that you could succeed_in_persuading him to change his mind.
16、我从未想过你会成功地劝说他改变主意。Finally he succeeded his father as the general manager of the company.最后他接替父亲，成为公司总经理。Finally，I wish this years English speech competition a_great_success.最后我预祝今年的英语比赛取得圆满成功。.完成句子1If I am lucky enough_(雇用)，I will spare no efforts to repay you for your trust.答案：to be employed2After
17、graduation from college，he began to wander from city to city，_(寻找一份合适的工作)答案：hunting for a suitable job3If we team up with each other，we will_(成功克服困难) the difficulties.答案：succeed in overcoming4_(我将感激不尽) if you could offer me a lift.答案：I would appreciate it5This book_(含有所有信息) you need，and you can use
18、it whenever you like.答案：contains all the information6_(被深深地感动) the story of Congfei，I am determined to be a volunteer worker.答案：Deeply affected/moved/touched by.单项填空1(2014杭州模拟)She is a kindhearted woman and often has_mercy_ people who are in trouble.Aa；onB/；onCa；toD/；to解析：句意为：她是一位热心的女士，经常怜悯那些处于困境中的人
19、们。have mercy on.同情/怜悯，为固定结构。答案：B2(2014苏州六校联考)In all regions，women live longer than men.However，social，cultural and economic factors can_the natural advantage of women compared to men.AchallengeBguaranteeCconfirmDaffect解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：在所有的地区，女人都比男人长寿。但是，与男人相比，社会、文化和经济因素可能影响女人发挥其自然优势。challenge挑战；guarant
20、ee保证；confirm确认；affect影响，符合语境，因此答案为D项。答案：D3(2014江西重点中学盟校第一次联考)We have never had such _success in football！Yesterday we won the match with_score of 50.Aa；aBthe；aC/；theDa；/解析：句意为：我们在足球上从来没有这么辉煌过！昨天的比赛我们以50大胜对手。success通常用作不可数名词，但在这里表示抽象名词具体化，故第一空用不定冠词a；第二空表达的是一个具体的比分，故用不定冠词a。 答案：A4(2014河南六市联考)Hearing th
21、e disappointing news，he was too sad to_himself.AcontainBincludeCmanageDcommand解析：考查动词词义辨析。contain oneself意为“控制情绪”。答案：A5(2014江西两所名校考试)The boss showed his_of Toms hard work in the company by raising his pay to $5,000 a month.AdistinctionBpromotionCappreciationDreservation解析：考查名词辨析。句意为：老板通过将Tom的月薪提升至5
22、000 美元来表示对他在公司努力工作的赏识。appreciation意为“欣赏，赏识”，符合句意，故答案为C项。答案：C6(2014青岛市联合模拟)I would appreciate _，to be frank，if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.AyouBthisCitDmyself解析：考查代词。此处it 作形式宾语，代替后面的“if goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank 为插入语。答案：C7(2014北京海淀模拟)I appreciate_the o
23、pportunity to work in your company two years ago.AgivingBto giveCbeing givenDto be given解析：句意为：我非常感激您两年前给了我那次在您的公司工作的机会。appreciate在此意为“感激”，后只接动名词作宾语；逻辑主语“I”与“give”之间为被动关系，应使用动名词的被动形式。答案：Cdie out灭亡；逐渐消失教材原句P25：As a result these endangered animals may even die out.结果，这些濒危动物甚至可能会消亡。(1)die away (声音，风，光线
24、等)逐渐消失，渐弱die of/from因而死die down减弱；平息die off相继死亡(2)be dying for很想要；渴望 be dying to do sth.极想干某事(牛津P552)This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.因栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种已濒于灭绝。Many traditional customs have_died_out because they are out of date.因为过时，许多传统风俗已经逐渐消失。The rain remained ste
25、ady though the wind had died_down.尽管风势已经减弱，雨还是下个不停。After walking in the desert for such a long time，he was dying for a drink.在沙漠里走了很长时间，他非常想喝水。protect.from.保护不受(危害)教材原句P26：Im protecting myself from mosquitoes.我保护自己不被蚊子咬到。(1)protect.against保护以防(2) 阻止做某事It is their duty to protect their friends agains
26、t the enemy.保护朋友不受敌人的伤害是他们的责任。The heavy rain carrying out the plan on time.大雨使得我们不能按时实施计划。名师指津以上短语在被动语态里from均不可省去，而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略。Something must be done to keep/prevent/stop the environment from being polluted.必须采取措施保护环境免受污染。pay attention to注意；留意(上海高考)Be sure to pay attention to pro
27、tecting the environment and think of others while traveling.外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。draw/attract/catch ones attention引起某人的注意turn ones attention to把注意力转移到fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on注意力集中在devote ones attention to把注意力放在Be sure to pay_attention_to_protecting the environment and think of others w
28、hile traveling.外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。He stood there，fixed his attention on the notice on the wall.他站在那儿，集中注意力看墙上的布告。The 18th CPC National Congress drew attention of the reporters all over the world. 中共十八大引起了世界各国记者的关注。.完成句子1These rare animals，which are being hunted everywhere without limit，_(处在灭绝的危险之中)
29、答案：are in danger of dying out2It is advisable to wear sunglasses_(保护眼睛免受强烈阳光的照射)答案：to protect your eyes from the strong sunlight3Scientists have many theories about how the universe_(形成)答案：came into being4The noise of the engine_(消失) as the car disappeared in the distance.答案：died away5The government
30、_(已经开始关注) the housing problems of the average people.答案：has begun to pay attention to6Hearing the joke，all the people present_(突然大笑起来)答案：burst into laughter/burst out laughing.单项填空1(2014河南省普通高中适应性检测卷一)Camels have three eyelids to_themselves from the blowing sand.AprotectBstopCkeepDhide解析：考查动词。句意为：骆驼
31、有三层眼睑来保护自己免受风沙的侵害。protect.from.保护免受，符合句意。答案：A2(2014襄樊模拟)On the Eve of the Spring Festival，we Chinese people like to play with fireworks，and the noise doesnt_until after midnight.Adie fromBdie offCdie outDdie down解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在新年除夕，我们中国人喜欢燃放鞭炮，鞭炮声直到午夜后才会平息下来。die down减弱；平息；与句意相符；die from死于；die off相
32、继死去；die out绝种；灭绝，风俗习惯、文化传统等逐渐消失。答案：D3If we dont take steps，the Tibetan antelopes and pandas will_some day just as dinosaur，which is terrible.Adie outBdie awayCdie downDdie off解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：如果我们不采取措施，藏羚羊和熊猫总有一天会像恐龙一样灭绝于世，那将非常可怕。die out灭绝，符合句意。答案：A4(2014宝鸡市质量检测一)Great attention must_education，especi
33、ally in the countryside.Abe paid to developBpay to developCbe paid to developing Dpay to developing解析：pay attention to中的to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，所以只可能在C或D项中选择；又因为此句中主语为attention，所以谓语必须用被动语态结构be paid to。答案：CThats good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but Id like to help as the WWF suggest
34、s.这是个好消息，它表明了保护野生动物的重要性，不过我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议帮助你们。(1)as在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同”。“当时候；一面一面；随着”，引导时间状语从句。“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。(2)suggest此处意为“建议”，用作此意时其从句要用“(should)动词原形”，即虚拟语气；suggest还可作“暗示；表明”讲，用作此意时其从句要用陈述语气。When in Rome，do as Romans do.入乡随俗。(在罗马时就要像罗马人那样做。)(2012四川卷)I got close enough to hear th
35、em speaking Chinese，and I said “Ni Hao”，just_as_I_might_do in China.我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。They sang songs as they were doing farm work.他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。(2012重庆卷)Coach，can I continue with the training?Sorry，you cant as you havent recovered from the knee injury.教练，我可以继续训练吗？抱歉，你不能，因为你膝盖伤还没有
36、恢复。 Young_as_he_is，he knows a lot.尽管是个孩子，他知道的事情很多。Janes pale face suggested that she was ill，and her parents suggested that she have_a_medical_examination.简苍白的脸表明她生病了，她的父母建议她应该体验。Mother suggested that she (should) adapt himself to her new conditions in college as soon as possible.妈妈建议她尽快适应大学里的新环境。Th
37、ey learned this from the way the bones were joined together.他们根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点。(1)句中way表示“方式；方法”，其后接in which或that引导的定语从句，此时也可以用连接词即关系代词that/in which或省略掉。The way he speaks to us is really annoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way he_speaks_English.我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他
38、的自尊心。(2)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。Is this the way you can imagine to reduce/of reducing air pollution？这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？.完成句子1Much too often，something that happens in your daily life will change_(你看世界的方式) and the people in it.答案：the way you look at the world2School activities are usual
39、ly considered_ _(一种极好的交友和培养新兴趣的方法)答案：a good way to make new friends and develop new interests3_(她尽管年轻)，she has travelled to many countries to put on shows.答案：Young as she is.单项填空1The parents suggested_in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.AsleepBto sleepCsleepingD
40、having slept解析：动词suggest后只能用动词的ing形式作宾语，意为“建议做”。答案：C2He came to my class every week，but his attitude_that he was not really interested in it.AexpressedBdescribedCexplainedDsuggested解析：句意为：他每星期都来听我的课，但他的态度表明他并非真对它感兴趣。suggest在这里意为“表明，暗示”，此时宾语从句不用虚拟语气。答案：D3There is a lot of evidence to suggest that a s
41、hort nap in the afternoon_you refreshed for the next four or five hours.Awill helpBshould leaveCwill leaveDshould remain解析：考查动词辨析。根据句子的意思此处用leave表示“使某人处于某种状态”的意思。注意谓语动词suggest在此表示“表明”的意思，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。答案：C4(2012山东卷)He smiled politely_Mary apologized for her drunken friends.Aas BifCunlessDthough解析：考查引导状
42、语从句的连接词。句意为：当Mary为她醉酒的朋友而道歉的时候，他有礼貌地笑了笑。此处as引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”。答案：A5You neednt have taken a taxi.Why didnt you catch the last bus_I told you?AasBbecauseCwhenDuntil解析：考查状语从句。句意为：你本不必坐出租车的。为什么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢？as在此引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；依照”。答案：A6(2014济宁模拟)There are several ways_we can cross the river without the
43、help of local villagers.Ato whichBacross whichCin whichDon which解析：考查定语从句。句意为：在没有当地村民的帮助下，我们有几种过河的方法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，in which引导定语从句，在从句中作方式状语，修饰先行词ways。注：在定语从句中，当先行词是way时，定语从句的引导词可用in which，that或省略关系词。答案：Charm n& vt.损害；危害mean no harm无恶意There is no harm in doing sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)He means no harm
44、by saying what he thinks，but people tend to be upset by it.他想到什么就说什么并无恶意，但人们听了心里总不舒服。relief n(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物in relief如释重负；松了口气What a relief！让人放心了。(2012江苏高考)Dont worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.What a relief！Ill tell Dad theres nothing serious.employ vt.使用，采用；雇用；使忙于，使从事于；n.使用；雇用em
45、ploy sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事employ oneself in从事于；忙于be employed in从事于；花费(时间)Mary has been employed in making preparations for the trip all the afternoon.整个下午，玛丽都在忙着准备这次旅行。in danger在危险中，垂危(1)in danger of有的危险out of danger脱离危险full of danger充满危险(2)a danger to.对很危险What a relief！He has been out of danger.令人放心
46、的是，他已脱离危险。【写作素材】1过度捕杀极大地影响了野生动物的数量。2结果，一些动物绝迹，也有一些处境危险。3幸运的是，政府已经关注这个问题，并采取了一系列措施。4我们成功地阻止了这种状况的恶化。 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】Hunting too much has affected the number of wild animals greatly.As a result，some animals have died out and others are in danger.Fortunately，our government has paid attention to
47、the situation and has taken a series of measures.We have succeeded in preventing the situation from getting worse.现在进行时的被动语态1(2014义乌中学模考)With the development of science，more new technology_to the field of IT.Ahas introducedBis being introducedCis introducedDwas introduced解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意为：随着科学的发展，更多的
48、新技术正在被应用于IT领域。technology与动词introduce之间为被动关系，故排除A项；根据当今实际可知，选B项，表示“动作一直进行”。答案：B2(2014兰州名校阶段检测)A lot of attention_to greenhouse gas emission.Look at those posters for environmental protection.Ais payingBis being paidChas paidDhad been paid解析：考查时态和语态。句意为：温室气体的排放得到了很多关注。看那些关于环境保护的海报。根据“Look at”可知此处指的是现在
49、的情况，且pay与attention之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。答案：B3(2014安徽省芜湖三校一模)The paint on the statues_and they will be restored to their former glory.Ais being cleared awayBhas been cleared awayCcleared awayDhas cleared away解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：雕像上的油漆正在被清除，它们即将恢复昔日的风采。The paint与clear away之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态；再结合后面的will可
50、知，应用现在进行时。答案：A4(2014四川省泸州4月模拟)Whats that terrible noise，David?Oh，I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant_.Awere testedBwill be testedCare being testedDhave been tested解析：考查动词的时态。根据问句中的Whats that terrible noise 可知，这里应该用进行时态，噪音是机器正在被检测时发出的，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。答案：C5(2013浙江杭州十四中二月月考)As we all know，the worlds supplies of oil_up with the development of industry and the increase of cars.Aare being usedBare usingChave usedDhave been used解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中with the development of industry and the increase of cars可知，这里应用进行时态；oil和use up之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。答案：A
