1、Period 3Using language学案设计学习目标After the class,the students are able to:1.understand the functional meanings of modal verbs and choose appropriate modal verbs according to the context; 2.practise the exercises related to modal verbs;3.talk about related diet problems using grammar properly;4.raise th
2、eir awareness of healthy diet and develop physical quality.课堂探究Step 1:Lead-inActivity 1: Find out the sentences with modals in the reading passageStep 2:Activity 2: Fill in the blanks by using correct modal verbs.I hold a knife and forkand chopsticks!But there are still some dishes that Dad try even
3、 after many years of marriage to my mother.Mum and I just find a way to get him into the kitchen!.we not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies,.“You try it if you dont want to,” Mum said,.Read the sentences in Activity 2 and answer the questions.Talk about the
4、functions of modals.Then match the meanings to the words you filled.1.What are modal verbs?2.What are the characteristics of modal verbs?Match the meanings to the words you filled.1.be afraid to do something2.not be necessary to do something3.give advice to do or not to do something4.be necessary or
5、 give strong advice to do something5.have the ability to do something*总结归纳:几种常见情态动词的用法Step 3:Activity 3: Learning of modal verbs一、be able to1.be able to 后接动词原形,表示某人有做某事的能力,与can的用法相近。如:I am able to speak English.我能讲英语。2.be able to 与can的辨析:be able to有多种时态,如: was/were able to,will/ shall be able to,hav
6、e/has been able to等,而can只有两种时态,即can和could。be able to 强调通过努力而获得的能力,而can则强调自身已具有的能力。如:She can sing the song in English.她能用英语唱这首歌。He will be able to sing this song in English in a few hours,too.几小时之后,他也能用英语唱这首歌。be able to 强调一种结果,而can只强调一种可能。如:Luckily,he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.幸
7、运的是,他终于逃出了大火。If he had got here a few hours earlier,I could have saved him.要是他早几小时来,我还能救他。be able to的否定形式是在be后面直接加not,即be not able to;be able to可用在may/might之后。如:The kid is not able to write.这孩子不会写字。But we may not be able to do this for every scenario.但是我们不能每一种场景下都这么做。即时训练:选词填空 (can/be able to)He mig
8、ht fix your car.When I was young,Iclimb any tree in the woods.In todays information age,the loss of datacause serious problems for a company.Father spent a few hours talking to him.At last he drop the silly idea.二、have tohave to和must的意义相近,只是must侧重表示说话人的主观看法,而have to则表示客观需要,如:I must study hard.我必须努力学
9、习。You have to hand in your compositions before next Monday.你必须在下周一前上交你的作文。have to 的否定形式是dont have to,相当于neednt,如:They dont have to buy a computer at present.他们目前没有必要买电脑。have to 有人称、数和时态的变化,如:They had to speed up,for the weather turned terrible.他们必须加快速度,因为天气变糟了。He has to stay at home because of illne
10、ss.因为生病,他不得不待在家里。*must表示义务、必要性、命令等,意为“必须,应该”,更强调主观态度。must用于一般疑问句时,其肯定答语应用“Yes,you must.”。其否定答语应用“No,you neednt.”或“No,you dont have to.”。must的否定式为must not/mustnt,表示禁止。即时训练:完成句子Ihere because I have no umbrella with me.我不得不在这儿等,因为我没带伞。You smoke here.这儿禁止吸烟。We hurry,for theres plenty of time.我们不必着急,因为时间
11、很充裕。We home by 11 oclock.我们必须在11点以前到家。三、had betterhad better 后跟动词原形,表示“最好”,其否定式在had better后加not。构成疑问句时,则通常将had (而不是had better)置于主语之前。即时训练:翻译句子你最好别去打扰他。我们最好在天黑前到达那里。你最好在10点前完成你的家庭作业。 医生是不是去看看他比较好?四、dare & need1.dare既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词。作情态动词时,通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中,一般不用在肯定句中。即时训练1:完成句子She go out alone at nig
12、ht.她晚上不敢独自出门。Howshe do things like that to me?她怎么敢对我做那样的事呢?He asked me if I ride a horse.他问我是否敢骑马。dare作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化。不同的是,作实义动词时,在肯定句中dare后面通常接带to的不定式;在否定句和疑问句中,dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式。即时训练2:完成句子He speak English at any time.任何时候他都敢说英语。I wonder how he say such things.我纳闷他怎么竟敢说出这样的话来。He answer.他不敢回答。H
13、ow you go into the lab without your teachers permission?未经你老师允许,你怎么敢进实验室?2.need作情态动词时,后跟动词原形,表示“需要,有必要”,无人称和数的变化,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。(2018全国卷)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports.如果你时间不充裕,你只需要跑一半的时间就可以获得和其他运动同样的效果。need作为实义动词时,通常用法是:(1)人+need+t
14、o do(2)物+need+doing(3)物+need+to be done注意对need问句的回答:Need I finish the work today?Yes,you must./No,you neednt/No,you dont have to.neednt对其他情态动词问句的回答:Shall I tell John about it?No,you neednt/dont have to.Must we do it now?No,you neednt/dont have to.即时训练3:完成句子We get enough help.我们需要大量的帮助。The room needs
15、 cleaning.The room cleaned.房间需要打扫了。now are books.他现在需要的是书籍。He about it.这件事他无须担心。Step 4:Activity 4:Conjecture of modal verbs1.can用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性,意为“有时会”;用于疑问句中可以表示推测,意为“可能”,有时表示一种惊讶的语气;用于否定句中也可以表示推测,cant意为“不可能”,语气很强烈。2.may/might用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测,意为“有可能”;用于否定句中也可以表示推测,may not意为“可能不”,表示一种不太确定的语气。3.mu
16、st表示推测时只能用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can/could)。4.should用来表示推测时意为“应该”,即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。情态动词+动词原形表示对现在或将来的推测情态动词+be +doing表示对某刻正在发生的动作的推测“情态动词+have done”的用法情态动词+have done用法must have done一定做过某事,其否定形式为cant/couldnt have donecan/could have done1.本来能够做某事却未做2.可能做过某事cant/couldnt have done不可能做过某事
17、may/might have done或许/可能做过某事should/ought tohave done本该做某事却未做,其否定形式表示本不该做某事却做了neednt have done做了本没有必要做的事情即时训练1:翻译句子他准是个美国人。他肯定正在教室里做练习。他不可能知道我的地址。昨晚一定下雨了,是不是?即时训练2:单句语法填空Youd better put on a heavy coat.Sometimes it be very cold here at night.It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exe
18、rcise because you know a lot of words.Good morning.Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah,good morning.You be Mrs.Peters.You have hurried.I have lots of time.即时训练3:单项填空She looks very happy.She have passed the exam. I guess so.Its not difficult after all.A.shouldB.could
19、C.mustD.might Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It be, but it is now heavily polluted.A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.mustThere be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt You be hungry already.You ha
20、d lunch only two hours ago!A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt Im sorry.Iat you the other day.Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldnt shoutB.shouldnt have shoutedC.mustnt shoutD.mustnt have shoutedThank you for all your hard work last night,I dont think we it without you.A.can manageB.cou
21、ld have managedC.could manageD.can have managed Step 5:Activity 5: Consolidation1.Fill in the blanksThe fire spread through the hotel very quickly,but everyone get out.Since it is raining,we stay indoors.You finish your work before you go home.Youworry about situations like these if you have good so
22、cial skills.I know what I can talk about with the Chinese people that I meet.2.Finish the passageMiss Fangnot read for very long with her eyes hurt.Her mother told her that she go to hospital and see a doctor.“You see a doctor as soon as possible,” her mother said.When Miss Fang had free time,she we
23、nt to hospital.The clerk said that the doctor see her at 3:30.Miss Fang replied that she would not be there at 3:30,because she have an important test then.She asked the clerk if she arrange the examination at about ten tomorrow.Step 6:Activity 6: ProductionMicro-writing:假设你是汤姆的好朋友李华,最近通过电子邮件得知他在健康方
24、面遇到了困惑,请给他回复电子邮件,提出一些保持健康方面的建议。要点如下:1.健康很重要;2.保持均衡饮食和身心健康;3.坚持每天锻炼的重要性。注意:1.词数80左右;2.用上所学的情态动词。Dear Tom,Best wishes.Yours,Li HuaStep 7:Activity 7: Summary课后练习Review the usage of modal verbs and organize notes.参考答案课堂探究Step 1:.I was able to hold a knife and forkand chopsticks!But there are still some
25、dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen!.wed better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies,.“You neednt try it if you dont want to,” Mum said,.Step 2:was able t
26、o dare nothave tohad betterneednt1.情态动词表示说话人的某种语气或情绪,如可能、意愿、猜测、义务、需要等。2.情态动词的特征:有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,后面接动词原形;没有人称和数的变化(have to除外);有些情态动词有过去式,如:cancould,maymight,willwould,daredared,have tohad to等。1.be afraid to do something2.not be necessary to do something3.give advice to do or not to do something4.be n
27、ecessary or give strong advice to do something5.have the ability to do somethingStep 3:一、be able tocouldcanwas able to二、have to wait mustntdont have tomust be三、Youd better not disturb him.We had better get there before it gets dark.Youd better finish your homework before 10 oclock.Hadnt the doctor b
28、etter see him? 四、即时训练1dare notdaredare 即时训练2dares todares (to)does not dare (to)dare即时训练3need toneeds to beWhat he needsneednt worryStep 4:即时训练1He must be an American.He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.He cant know my address.It must have rained last night,didnt it?即时训练2cancouldnt mustn
29、eednt have即时训练3:CCCBBBStep 5:1.was able tohave tohad betterneedntneed to2.Miss Fang could not read for very long with her eyes hurt.Her mother told her that she should go to hospital and see a doctor.“You had better see a doctor as soon as possible,” her mother said.When Miss Fang had free time,she
30、went to hospital.The clerk said that the doctor could see her at 3:30.Miss Fang replied that she would not be able to be there at 3:30,because she had to have an important test then.She asked the clerk if she could arrange the examination at about ten tomorrow.Step 6:Dear Tom,Im sorry to hear that y
31、ou have trouble in keeping healthy.Everyone shouldnt ignore health,whether he is poor or wealthy.Health is the most important thing.Firstly,I think its necessary that we should keep a balanced diet,so wed better eat some fresh fruit and vegetables every day.As a senior high student,we should have br
32、eakfast on time every day and shouldnt eat more at night.At the same time,keeping a good state of mind is also very important.We should keep an optimistic mind to everything and forget the unhappy things.Whats more,we should take exercise every day to make sure that we are energetic.Only in these wa
33、ys can we live a healthy and happy life.In a word,keeping healthy eating habits is beneficial to us.Best wishes.Yours,Li HuaStep 7:What have we learnt this class?Lets have a summary.情态动词表推测1.情态动词+动词原形表示对现在或将来的推测2.情态动词+be+doing表示对某刻正在发生的动作的推测3.情态动词+have+done表示对过去的推测,如下所示:1)must have done过去肯定做了2)may/might have done过去可能做了(小于must)3)cant/couldnt have done过去不可能做了4)could have done过去本来可以做却未做5)should/ought to have done本应该做却未做6)neednt have done本不必做却做了(与didnt need to区别)