1、Unit 1Festivals around the world1starve(vi.& vt.)(使)饿死；饿得要死2belief(n.)信任；信心；信仰3trick(n.)诡计；恶作剧；窍门(vt.)欺骗；诈骗4gain(vt.)获得；得到5gather(vt.，vi.& n)搜集；集合；聚集6award(n.)奖；奖品(vt.)授予；判定7energetic(adj.)充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的8obvious(adj.)明显的；显而易见的9remind(vt.)提醒；使想起10forgive(vt.)原谅；饶恕11independence (n.)独立；自主independent
2、(adj.)独立的；自主的12origin(n.)来源；由来；起因original(adj.)原始的；最初的13religious(adj.)宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的religion(n.)宗教信仰14admire(vt.)赞美；钦佩；羡慕admirable(adj.)令人钦佩的admiration(n.)钦佩；羡慕15permission(n.)许可；允许permit(vt.)允许16apologize(vi.)(道歉；辩白)apology(n.)道歉1take_place发生2dress_up化装；打扮3look_forward_to期望，期待，盼望4as_though好像5parki
3、ng_lot停车场6keep_ones_word守信用；履行诺言7set_off出发；动身；使爆炸8in_memory_of为纪念9play_a_trick_(on_sb.)欺骗，开玩笑10day_and_night日夜；昼夜；整天11have_fun_with玩得开心12turn_up出现；到场13hold_ones_breath屏息；屏气14remind.of.使想起1At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果
4、食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天的岁月，人们就会挨饿。名师指津：主语beadj.to do句式。例句仿写：那十一个人很难被说服，但最终我还是说服了他们。Those eleven men were_very_difficult_to_persuade，but I managed it in the end.2Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，who might return either to help or to do harm.有些节日是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可
5、能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。名师指津：either.or.意为“或者或者”。例句仿写：要么你要么校长在会议上给那些有天赋的学生颁奖。Either_you_or_the_headmaster is to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.3It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leavehe wiped the tables，then sat down and turned
6、on the TVjust what Li Fang needed!很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开他擦好桌子，然后坐下来，打开电视机。这正合了李方的意！名师指津：It is obvious that.“很明显”，it为形式主语。例句仿写：显而易见中国不会因钓鱼岛事件屈服于日本。It_is_obvious_that China will not give in to Japan due to Diao Yu Island.4While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人间遇到了牛郎，两
7、人相爱了。名师指津：while意为“当的时候”，在句中引导时间状语从句。例句仿写：趁着年轻，你应该多学点知识。While_you_are_young you should learn more knowledge.admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕教材原句P2：China and Japan have midautumn festivals，when people admire the moon and in China，enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。(1)admire sb.for sth.因某事而钦佩某人(2)expres
8、s admiration for sb./sth.(表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/物with admiration钦佩地；羡慕地(3)admirer n赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者(4)admiring adj.赞赏的；羡慕的It was not until then that I realized what was worth admiring and what was the most important for young people.直到那时，我才明白什么是值得羡慕的，而对于年轻人来说什么是最重要的。(朗文P27)We stopped halfway up the hill to admire_t
9、he_view.我们在半山腰停下来欣赏风景。Id like to express_my_admiration_for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the wounded.我对伤员们的勇敢和毫无怨言的精神表示钦佩。apologize vi.道歉(2012山东卷)He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends.当玛丽为她喝醉了的朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。(1)(2)I do apologize for giving you so much trouble while I
10、 am here.我在这期间给您添麻烦真是对不起。The teacher made a suggestion that she should make_an_apology/apologize_to_ er_deskmate for her bad behaviour.老师建议她为自己不得体的行为向同桌道歉。forgive (forgave，forgiven) vt.宽恕；饶恕；原谅(2012福建阅读理解)All I ask is that you forgive me and keep my secret.我要求的只是请你原谅我并为我保守秘密。(1)forgive sb.for (doing
11、) sth.原谅某人(做)某事be forgiven for情有可原(2) 原谅某人做某事Forgive_me_for_having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness.请原谅我耽搁了你这么多时间，请答应我极其诚恳地祝你健康和幸福。Being forgiven for the past is the most precious gift we can receive.过去所做的一切被原谅是我们能收到的最珍贵的礼物。(2012江苏书面表达)It is also
12、a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.不计前嫌也是一种美德，尤其是在竞争如此激烈，压力如此沉重的社会中。remind vt.提醒；使想起(2013天津卷阅读理解)A movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them.正在进行的一项运动提醒我们不用灯时要关掉。remind sb.of/about sth.提醒某人某事remind sb.to do sth.
13、提醒某人做某事remind (sb.)that/how/what.提醒After getting the work done，we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees.做完所有的工作后我们竖起了布告牌提醒人们保护这些小树。(牛津P1682)Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on this train.旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。(2011重庆卷)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to
14、keep himself reminded_of_his_own_dreams.迈克尔在床边挂了一张姚明的照片以提醒他自己的梦想。.完成句子1The photos on the wall_(使妈妈想起) those happy，old days when a large family lived together.答案：remind my mother of2_(提醒不要错过航班) at 1520；the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.答案：Reminded not to miss the flight3I dont think he _
15、(原谅我误解) him last week.答案：has forgiven me for misunderstanding4The Nobel Prize_(授予) those who make great contributions in many fields every year.答案：is awarded to5I_(坚信) that only when everybody makes an effort can our society be warmer and more harmonious.答案：hold the firm belief6Well_(在学生俱乐部集合) at 8
16、pm this Friday after the evening classes.答案：gather at the Students Club.单项填空1(2011全国卷)Mary，I_John of his promise to help you.AtoldBremindedCwarnedDadvised解析：考查动词短语搭配。句意为：玛丽，我提醒了约翰他要帮你的诺言。remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事或提醒某人做某事，符合语境，故B项为正确答案。warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事；advise sb.of sth.通知/(正式)告知某人某事，相当于tell sb.ab
17、out sth.。答案：B2What was she doing when you came in?She was_the view from the window.ArespectingBadmiringCgatheringDhunting解析：句意为：她正透过窗户欣赏风景。admire欣赏，羡慕，符合句意。答案：B3The student had no other choice but_his teacher_the mistake he had made.Ato apologize to；forBto apologize；forCapologizing for；toDto apologi
18、ze for；for解析：考查动词短语apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉。答案：A4(2013四级英语) Please_me for my rudeness.I really do not know the custom here.AengageBcomfortCexecuteDforgive解析：句意为：请原谅我的鲁莽，我真的不知道这儿的习俗。A项“订婚；从事；保证”；B项“安慰”；C项“执行；实行”，D项“原谅，谅解”。答案：Din memory of纪念；追念教材原句P2：For the Japanese festival Obon，p
19、eople should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要上坟扫墓、烧香，以缅怀他们的祖先。in favour of支持；赞同；对某人有利in face of面临；面对in honour of为纪念；祝贺；为了向表示敬意in charge of负责；掌管in search of寻找A film will be made in memory of those brave firefighters.为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。There is a party
20、 tonight in_honour_of our new headmaster.为了庆祝新校长就任，今晚有个聚会。Are you in_favour_of or against the plan?你是赞成这项计划还是反对这项计划？look forward to期望；期待；盼望(2013陕西卷阅读理解)I was looking forward to having five days off from my duty.我盼望休五天假。含介词to的常用动词短语：stick to坚持lead to导致object to反对see to处理；料理refer to提及；查阅；参考contribute
21、to促成；是成因之一get down to开始认真做Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply.谢谢您的关心，盼望早日收到您的回复。She found the beautiful dress she had been looking forward to was_sold to others.她发现她一直盼望的衣服卖给他人了。(2010福建卷)Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do.Let
22、s get_down_to it.我们刚刚搬进一个大一点的房子，因此有许多事情要做，让我们开始做吧！turn up出现；到场；开大，调高；被发现(大纲全国卷)If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany.在德国，如果你邀请客人参加7点的晚会，他们会准时到达，因为他们认为(准时到达)是礼貌行为。turn on打开；开启turn off关掉turn down调小；拒绝turn to求助于turn over翻转t
23、urn in上交；欺骗turn out结果是；生产；制造；赶走I cant hear the radio very well，could you turn_it_up a bit?我听不太清楚，你把收音机的声音开大点行吗？The hall was full，and hundreds of fans had to be turned down.大厅内挤满了人，数百名歌迷不得不被拒之门外。Dont worryIm sure it will all turn_out_fine.别担心我敢肯定一切最终会好起来的。.完成句子1Were_(盼望看到) the new policy carried out，
24、which has drawn many peoples attention.答案：looking forward to seeing2You should always_(遵守诺言)，otherwise no one will trust you.答案：keep your word/promise3In order to get ready for the examination，the students are studying_(日日夜夜)答案：day and night4They built a monument_(纪念) those who died in the great ear
25、thquake.答案：in memory of5Its a small informal partyyou dont have to_(打扮)答案：dress up.单项填空1(2014河北唐山模拟)How will she behave in case of our failure?Shell put the blame on us if it_badly.Aturns upBturns downCturns offDturns out解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：万一我们失败了，她会怎样呢？如果结果很糟糕的话，她会把责任推到我们身上。turn out 结果(是)，原来(是)，符合语意。t
26、urn up开大，出现；turn down关小，拒绝；turn off关掉。答案：D2(2014江西赣中四校高三第二次联考)A special title was awarded to Zhang Lili，an ordinary Chinese teacher，_her act of bravery to rescue two students at the risk of her own life.Ain favor ofBin place ofCin honor ofDin terms of解析：考查介词短语。句意为：张丽莉一位普通的语文教师，被授予一个特殊的称号，以表彰她冒着生命危险挽
27、救两名学生的英勇事迹。in favor of意为“支持，拥护”；in place of意为“代替”；in honor of意为“纪念，表彰”；in terms of意为“谈及，就而言”。答案：C3(2014陕西五校一模)Its said that a special building will be built in Japan_the terrible earthquake which happened in March.Ain place ofBin memory ofCin search ofDin need of解析：根据句意可知，修建特殊建筑物的目的应该是纪念此次大地震，故使用in
28、memory of纪念。in place of代替；in search of寻找；in need of需要。答案：B4The news which we looked forward to_that Shandong Lu Neng Football Team was beaten by Shanghai Shen Hua Team.AcomesBcameCcomingDcome解析：考查定语从句。which we looked forward to为定语从句，用来修饰前面的news，故The news作主语，谓语动词用came。句中that引导同位语从句后置。答案：BWhile she wa
29、s on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。句中while she was on earth作时间状语，其中while为连词，表示“当的时候”。He fell asleep while (he was) watching TV.他在看电视的时候睡着了。Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.客人们就要吃完饭的时候，玛丽去煮咖啡了。while作连词时的其他用法：(1)只要(2)但是，可是，表对比(3)虽然，
30、尽管While_travel_can_broaden_your_mind，I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。(四川高考) In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.在一些地方，人们期待妇女去挣更多的钱，而男人却在家做事，带孩子。(2012湖南卷)While I always f
31、elt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A尽管我总觉得我会通过这次考试，但是，我从来没有想到我会得到一个A的好成绩。It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等着李方离开it在句中作形式主语，代指后面that引导的主语从句。it作形式主语的常用句式：(1)It be形容词(possible，strange，natural，important.)that从句。(2)It be
32、过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，supposed，reported.)that从句。(3)It不及物动词(seem，occur，happen.)that从句。(4)It be名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，no wonder.)that从句。(2011福建书面表达)It_is_obvious that without the help of the whole society，there would be no new school today.很明显，如果没有全社会的帮助就不会有今天的新学校。It is impor
33、tant that students (should) attend all the lectures.所有的课学生都应该去听，这是很重要的。It_is_believed_that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found.人们认为这是迄今为止在中国发现的最早的也是最大的造纸作坊。It occurred to me that I left my ticket at home.我突然想起我把票忘在家里了。Its a pity you cant come to the party.你不能来
34、参加这次聚会，真可惜。.完成句子1_(很显然) the child had been badly treated.答案：It was obvious that2_(尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助)，I dont think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.答案：While the Internet is of great help to us3_(只要有生命)，there is hope.答案：While there is life.单项填空1(2014湖南省六校联考)His favorite food is fried snacks
35、 and soft drinks._is no surprise that losing weight is just his dream.AThereBItCAsDWhat解析：考查it的用法。句意为：他最喜爱的食物是油炸小吃和不含酒精的饮料，毫不奇怪减肥对他来说只是个梦。It在这里作形式主语。“that losing weight is just his dream”是真正的主语。答案：B2(2013重庆卷)_struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.AThat BIt CWhat DWhich解析：
36、句意为：影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深厚的爱。本题考查主语从句。在主语从句中缺主语，排除A项；本题不存在形式主语，故排除B项；根据句意排除D项。答案：C3(2012新课标卷)It is by no means clear_the president can do to end the strike.Ahow BwhichCthat Dwhat解析：句意为：总统能做什么来结束罢工，这点完全不清楚。本句中的It是形式主语，真正的主语是从句 what the president can do to end the strike。在从句中，what 作 do 的宾语。答案：D4(2014河南豫东、豫
37、北十校阶段测试三)_Im willing to help you out of trouble，you know，I dont have much time available.ASinceBUnlessCIfDWhile解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，整个句子为含有状语从句的复合句，且表示的是一种让步关系，选项中只有while可以用来引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。答案：D5(2012四川卷)At school，some students are active_some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.Awhi
38、le BalthoughCso Das解析：考查并列连词。句意为：在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。while 在此作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。答案：A6(2014浙江嘉兴二模)Youd better take down all the key points_the memory is still fresh in your mind.AunlessBwhileCbeforeDuntil解析：句意为：你最好在你记忆犹新的时候写下所有要点。unlessif.not如果不；while当的时候；before在之前；until直到。A、C、D三项均不合句意，B项正确。答
39、案：Baward n奖；奖品；vt.授予；判定 award sth.to sb.award sb.sth.把某物颁发给某人The Nobel Prize is awarded to those who make great contributions in many fields every year.每年诺贝尔奖授予在许多领域作出重大贡献的那些人。belief n信仰；信心hold the belief that.持有信念I hold the firm belief that only when everybody makes an effort can our society be war
40、mer and more harmonious.gain vt.获得；得到；n.(不可数)获利，利益；财富的增加gain others respect/love/trust获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任No pains，no gains.不劳无获。/一分耕耘，一分收获。The stepfather finally gained his childrens respect.这位继父终于获得了孩子们的尊重。hold ones breath 屏息；屏气lose ones breath喘不过气来catch ones breath喘口气；歇口气；恢复正常呼吸out of breath上气不接下气；喘不过气来
41、We held our breath while Mr Evans read the exam results.埃文斯先生宣读考试成绩时，我们都屏息静听。set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引发；触发；激起set about (doing)着手(做)set aside保留，储蓄set down写下，记下set out (to do)动身，出发，着手(做)set up搭起；建立；设立(全国高考)We ought to set off at 700，while the roads are empty.我们应该7点出发，趁那时道路畅通无阻。【写作素材】1春节是中国最重要的传统节日之一。2除夕人们通常回
42、家与家人团聚，共进晚餐，有很多地方还燃放烟花。3春节人们穿上盛装，互相拜年。4人们给孩子们压岁钱。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China.On New Years Eve，families get together and have a feast.In many places people like to set off fireworks.On the first day of the new year，dressed up i
43、n new clothes，people visit their friends and relatives，which has become a custom.They give children lucky money and look forward to the wonderful future.情态动词() 1.(2014杭州二中一检)Mum，I could hardly keep my eyes open.But you_be so sleepyyou didnt get up until 9 this morning.Amustnt BshouldntCwouldntDneedn
44、t解析：考查情态动词。mustnt不准，禁止；shouldnt不应该；wouldnt不会；neednt不必，不需要。由“你早晨9点钟才起床”可知，B项符合句意。答案：B2(2014江西临川一中质检)We need a person badly to think up such an idea._the new comer have a try?AShallBMayCShouldDNeed解析：考查情态动词。shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征询对方许可或提出建议。答案：A3(2014济南高三巩固性训练)Can you keep the secret?You_worryIm not go
45、ing to mention it to anyone.Aneednt Bcouldnt Cmustnt Dwont解析：考查情态动词。句意为：你能保守这个秘密吗？你不必担心，我不会向任何人提及它的。根据句意可知应选neednt表示“不必”。答案：A4(2014兰化一中质检)Lily failed again.I tried to stop her several times，but she_listen.AcouldntBshouldntCmustntDwouldnt解析：考查情态动词。A项“不可能”；B项“不应该”；C项“不允许，不准”；D项“总是不”。此处用would表示过去重复、习惯性的动作，与several times匹配。答案：D5(2014太原五中月考)Leave the old man where he is.When someone is badly injured，you_move him or her but call for help.Adont have toBmustntCmay notDhavent to解析：考查情态动词。句意为：让老人待在原地。当有人严重受伤时，你不能动他(她)，只能求助。根据句意可知，此处表示禁止，故选B。答案：B