1、主题语境(二)科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全阅读理解A(2020全国卷B)Some parents will buy any hightech toy if they think it will help their child，but researchers said puzzles help children with mathrelated skills.Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago，fo
2、und children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said. The researchers analyzed video rec
3、ordings of 53 childparent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not，on tasks that assesse
4、d their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes，”Levine said in a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would，and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more
5、 frequently，and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However，boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls，and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.The findings were published
6、in the journal Developmental Science.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了接触智力游戏有助于孩子发展与数学相关的技能，特别是孩子的空间技能。1In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?ABuilding confidence.BDeveloping spatial skills.CLearning selfcontrol.DGaining hightech knowledge.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Psychologist Susan Levine.found children who play
7、with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.” 以及第三段内容可知，孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。2What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?AParents age.BChildrens imagination.CParents education.DChildparent relationship.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Puzzle play was found to b
8、e a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.”可知，Levine 在设计实验时，考虑到了父母的收入、教育程度以及与孩子说话的多少。故选C。3How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play?AThey play with puzzles more often.BThey tend to talk less
9、during the game.CThey prefer to use more spatial language.DThey are likely to play with tougher puzzles.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“However，boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls.”可知，男孩较女孩而言，倾向于玩更复杂的智力游戏。故选D。4What is the text mainly about?AA mathematical method.BA scientific study.CA woman
10、psychologist.DA teaching program.B主旨大意题。阅读全文内容，尤其是最后一段“The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.”可知，该篇文章主要介绍的是一项科学研究。故选B。B(2020天津7月卷C)For people who are interested in sound，the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past，sound engineers worked in the bac
11、k rooms of recording studios，but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.Sound can be used as a weapon.Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief.The thief trie
12、s to escape.And the officer cant let him get away.He pulls out a special device，points it at the suspect，and switches it on.The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD，远程定向声波发射器)It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a pe
13、rson.The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person，but it is not deadly.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence.Lets say you are at the airport，and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming (哼唱) a shor
14、t commercial song.He hums it over and over again，and you are about to go crazy.Thanks to the Silence Machine，a British invention，you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.One may wonder how the Silence Machine works.Well，it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming
15、 sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves.The two sets of waves cancel each other out.Simply turn the machine on，point it at the target，and your peace and quiet comes back.Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights (聚光灯) are used in
16、 the theater.A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly，a “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers.Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with
17、the various food choices on the menu，allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了声音技术领域的三项发明。5What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD?AIt causes
18、 temporary hearing loss.BIt slows down a running man.CIt makes it easy to identify a suspect.DIt keeps the suspect from hurting others.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person.”可知，远程定向声波发射器会发出一种震耳欲聋的声音，这种声音让人非常痛苦，会使人暂时残疾。由此可知，这种暂时残疾就是暂时性失聪，所以选择A项。
19、6The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to _.Asilence the people around youBremove the sound of commercialsCblock the incoming sound wavesDstop unwanted sound from affecting youD细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Well，it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outg
20、oing waves.and your peace and quiet comes back.”可知，Silence Machine能避免不必要的声音影响你，所以选择D项。7What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share?AThey travel in circles.BThey clear the atmosphere.CThey can be transformed into energy.DThey can be directed onto a specific area.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A spotlight lights
21、up only one section of a stage；similarly，a spotsound creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.”可知，spotsound和spotlight的共同点是它们可以被引导到一个特定的区域，所以选择D项。8Directed sound can be used for _.Acreative designs of restaurant menusBideal sound effects on the theater stageCdifferent choices of music for busin
22、essesDstrict control over any suspicious customerC细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This can be useful for businesses. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu，allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.”可知，Directed sound可以用于公司为顾客提供不同的音乐，所
23、以选择C项。9What does the passage focus on?AHow professionals invented sound products.BInventions in the field of sound technology.CThe growing interest in the study of sound.DHow sound engineers work in their studios.B主旨大意题。作者在第一段中抛出话题“声音技术”，并在第二、三、四段中介绍了声音技术领域的三个产品。由此可知，文章主要关注的是声音技术领域的发明，所以选择B项。C(2019全
24、国卷C)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces.At present，these technologies are still expensive，though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowco
25、st device(装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time be
26、tween key presses.These patterns are unique to each person. Thus，the keyboard can determine peoples identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology th
27、at people arent already familiar with.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the smart keyboard.Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different particip
28、ants based on how they typed，with very low error rates.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plasticlike parts.The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科研报道。来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员发明了一种智能键盘，可以通过分析用户的打
29、字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。10Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?ATo reduce pressure on keys.BTo improve accuracy in typing.CTo replace the password system.DTo cut the cost of espace protection.D推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device that ge
30、ts around this problem：a smart keyboard.”以及第一段最后一句“At present，these technologies are still expensive，though.”可推知，研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。11What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?AComputers are much easier to operate.BFingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.CTyping patterns
31、vary from person to person.DData security measures are guaranteed.C推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能”，也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中的“These patterns are unique to each person.Thus，the keyboard can determine peoples identities.”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客，故C项符合题意。12What do the research
32、ers expect of the smart keyboard?AItll be environmentfriendly.BItll reach consumers soon.CItll be made of plastics.DItll help speed up typing.B细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句话“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.”该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场，故选B项。13Where is this text most likely
33、 from?AA diary.BA guidebook.CA novel.DA magazine.D文章出处题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中的“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device.”，尤其是其中的关键词researchers，lowcost device等来推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。D(2019全国卷D)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(
34、微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？Its turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school cl
35、assrooms，like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years，Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they
36、think theyre close to a solution(解决方案)“We dont give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers，”says Florence Gold，a project manager.“There are no tests，”Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades，other than Are you working towards your goal？ Basical
37、ly，its Ive got to produce this product and then，at the end of the year，present it to NASA. Engineers come and really do an inperson review，and .its not a very nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product.”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响)on college admissions and prac
38、tical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dont teach.”And that annoying bacteria？Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem，readying a workable solution to test in space.【语篇解读】主题：人与社会(科学与技术)；话题：处理太空细菌。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国一所
39、中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。这类语篇对于启发与培养学生良好的思维品质有积极的引导作用。14What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?AThey are hard to get rid of.BThey lead to air pollution.CThey appear in different forms.DThey damage the instruments.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The microorganisms from our bodies
40、grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。15What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?ATo strengthen teacherstudent relationships.BTo sharpen students communi
41、cation skills.CTo allow students to experience zero gravity.DTo link space technology with school education.D细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect highschool classrooms with NASA engineers.”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。16What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?ACh
42、eck their product.BGuide project designs.CAdjust work schedules.DGrade their homework.A细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“Engineers come and really do an inperson review.Its a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。17What is the best title for the text?ANASA：The Home of AstronautsBSpace：T
43、he Final Homework FrontierCNature：An Outdoor ClassroomDHUNCH：A College Admission ReformB标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。.写出所给单词的汉语意思1psychologist n心理学家2frequently adv.频繁地3professional n专家；专业人员4phenomenon n现象5temporarily adv.临时地6atmosphere
44、 n大气；氛围7identity n身份8precisely adv.精确地9straightforward adj.坦率的10overcome v战胜，克服11gravity n重力12project n工程；项目13basically adv.基本上14impact n影响15instrument n工具.根据所给汉语写出英文单词1puzzle v迷惑 n谜2control v控制3point v指 n点4deadly adj.致命的5upset adj.沮丧 v使不安6stage n舞台，阶段7review n评论8absorb v吸收.根据所给提示写出派生单词1assess v评估as
45、sessment n评估2state v陈述n. statement 陈述3disable v使失去能力disability n残疾，失能4direct v指示，指导direction n方向5private adj.私人的privacy n隐私6secure adj.安全的 security n安全7press v按，压pressure n压力8strength n力量；力气strengthen v加强.根据所给汉语写出惯用习语1thanks_to_幸亏，由于2at_present目前3come_up_with提出4apply_to适用于5other_than除了即时演练单句语法填空1Dav
46、id has a strong body.He has the strength to do this hard work.We had better strengthen(strength) the relationship between us.2The mirrors are_controlled (control) by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.3I was upset to_find(find
47、) my wallet missing on arriving at the airport.4At present，English is playing a more and more important part in our life.5Find out ahead of time what regulations apply to your situation.6She makes no reference to any feminist (女权主义者)work other than her own.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)1The children who played
48、with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes. 变换；转换2The thief drops to the ground. 倒下3For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence.渴望.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)1Researchers from Georgia Tech say t
49、hat they have come up with a lowcost device that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. 译文佐治亚理工学院的研究人员说，他们已研发出一个低成本的设备来解决这个问题：智能键盘。2Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.译文戈登说，他的学生每天都会给美国宇航局的工程师发邮件讨论这个问题，准
50、备着一个可行的太空测试方案。.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)1Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.分析本句是复合句。主句主语是Psychologist Susan Levine，其后跟了一个较长的同位语结构。who引导定
51、语从句，修饰前面的children。译文心理学家苏珊莱文是芝加哥大学幼儿算术能力开发的专家，她发现在24岁之间玩拼图游戏的孩子后期都发展出更好的空间技能。2The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 childparent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 m
52、onths of age. 分析本句主语是the researchers，谓语部分有两个，analyzed video recordings和found children.have better spatial skills。who引导定语从句，修饰children；when后面跟过去分词短语，相当于状语从句。译文研究人员分析了53对孩子和父母在家中日常活动的录像，发现当在54个月大评估时，26个月到46个月大的玩拼图游戏的孩子有更好的空间技能。3In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios
53、, but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound. 分析本句是由but连接的两个分句构成。but前的分句是个简单句。but后分句的主语是many of todays sound professionals，谓语部分是are sharing., to create new products是
54、目的状语，based on the phenomenon是过去分词短语作定语，修饰products，we call sound是定语从句，修饰phenomenon，省略了引导词that/which。译文过去音响工程师在录音棚的后台工作，但现在的很多音响专业人员则和其他领域的专业人员分享他们的知识和经验，以便创造出基于我们称之为“声音”这种现象的新产品。4Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer
55、 its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right. 分析主语是the keyboard，谓语是determine。本句的宾语较为复杂，包括peoples identities和宾语从句whether they should be given access to.，二者通过and连接。破折号后的内容是进一步解释，其中whether someone gets the password right是regardless of的宾语从句。译文因此，键盘可以确认人们的身份，进而决定是否应该允许他们访问键盘所连接的
56、电脑，不管某人是否正确输入了密码。1amount n数量 v总计，相当于(1)“a huge/large amount of不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数(2)“huge amounts of不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数(3)amount to 总计；达到a huge amount of coal 大量的煤炭huge amounts of waste 大量的垃圾amount to a refusal 相当于拒绝基础练习单句语法填空A good amount of sleep every night is(be) important for your health.The tota
57、l sales of the company didnt amount to more than a million dollars.能力提升一句多译为了缓解交通压力，迄今为止已经花了大量的钱修新公路。In order to ease the traffic pressure, a_huge/large_amount_of_money_has_ been_spent on the new highways so far.(amount)In order to ease the traffic pressure, huge/large_amounts_of_money_have_ been_sp
58、ent on the new highways so far.(amounts)2point n观点；地点；要点；阶段；分数 v指向；面向；暗示(1)on the point of 正要的时候(2)from ones point of view在某人看来(3)there is no point of doing sth.做某事没有意义make a point of doing sth.特意做某事(4)to the point切题；off the point离题(5)point out指出make a note of the key points in class 在课堂上记下要点on the
59、point of saying something when interrupted正要说点什么，突然被打断了point out the spelling mistakes in his writing指出他写作中的拼写错误基础练习单句语法填空You must keep these points(point) in mind while setting your goals.These teachings lit up my mind, pointed (point) out the direction and gave me endless strength.It was a turning
60、 point, a sign that things are starting to go in our favor.Lets come straight to the point because we dont have enough time.能力提升 一句多译她正要出门，这时电话铃响了。She was_on_the_point_of_going_out_when the telephone rang. (point)She was_about_to_go_out_when the telephone rang. (about)3range n山脉；范围；一系列 v排列；变化；变动(1)r
61、ange from.to. range between.and. 在范围内变动(2)a range of 一系列a wide range of 大范围的；各种各样的(3)in/within the range (of sth.) 在范围内out of/beyond the range (of sth.) 在范围外a range of products一系列产品a wide range of social，cultural and economic backgrounds不同的社会、文化和经济背景in the 1619 age range在16到19岁之间a mountain range山脉基础
62、练习单句语法填空The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.The price of the car ranges from 20,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars, which is within his range, so he decides to buy it at once.能力提升词汇升级普通表达：In addition to these traditional activities，we have man
63、y different choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.高级表达：In addition to these traditional activities，we have a_wide_range_of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.4direct vt.& vi.导演；指示；指挥 adj.直的；直接的；直率的(1)direction n方向；指导；指示；说明书(常用复数)in the directi
64、on of 朝方向in all directionsin every direction朝四面八方under the direction of在的指导下(2)directly adv.直接地 conj.一就direct ones attention to将某人的注意力转向a new film directed by a new director新导演导演的一部新电影run away in the direction of the cinema向着电影院的方向跑去一词多义写出下列句中direct的词性和含义(2019全国卷)The mirrors are controlled by a comp
65、uter that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.v指挥I love New Yorkerstheyre sharp, funny, and direct.adj.直率的The Beijings 8minute show directed by Zhang Yimou attracted the world.v.导演(2019全国卷)The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between
66、 several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to midMarch.adj.直接的能力提升完成句子老师一进来，大家都静了下来。Directly/As_soon_as/The_moment_the_teacher_came_in，everyone was quiet.在老师的指导下，他很容易完成了工作。Under_the_direction_of_the_teacher，he finished the work easily.在使用该设备之前一定要先阅读使用说明。Be sure to read_t
67、he_directions_before using the equipment.5measure vi.& vt.测量；衡量；判定 n计量制；计量单位；措施(1)measure.by.用来衡量be measured by/in.用来计算/衡量(2)take measures (to do sth.)采取措施(做某事)make.to ones measure按某人的尺寸订做take effective measures 采取有效措施measuring instruments 测量仪器measure more than 9 meters in height 高达9米多基础练习单句语法填空The
68、new bridge under construction, measuring_(measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed in 2022.We must take preventive measures(measure) to reduce crime in the area.能力提升句式升级普通表达： Its high time that we should take/took measures to prevent air from being polluted.高级表达：Its high time th
69、at measures_should_be_taken/were_taken_to_ prevent_air_from_being_polluted.(被动语态)1At present, these technologies are still expensive，though.不过，目前这些技术依然昂贵。句型公式本句使用了though的句型，表示“不过，然而”。(1)though用作副词，此用法放在所引导句子的末尾或者中间，常用逗号隔开，相当于however。(2)though用作连词可以放在所引导分句的句首，表示“尽管”，相当于although。(3)用于倒装句，相当于as。基础练习完成句
70、子尽管他是个孩子，但干得很好。Child_though/as_he_was,_he did quite well. 工作很辛苦，不过我乐意干。Its hard work；I_enjoy_it,_though. 能力提升一句多译他可能会拒绝，不过问一下也没什么坏处。Hell probably say no, though its worth asking.Hell probably say no. Its worth asking，though/however.Although/Though hell probably say no, its worth asking. 2There almos
71、t are no grades，other_than “Are you working towards your goal？”几乎没有成绩等级，除了问一下“你在朝着目标努力吗？”(1)other than可以表示“与不同的”。(2)other than常常可译为“除了以外”。(3)no.other than作“除外不”讲。基础练习单句语法填空Does anybody other than you yourself know this?The form cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself.能力提升完成句子我们六月份外出， 除此之外，我整个
72、夏天都会在这里。We are going away in June but other_than_that Ill be here all summer. 夯基固本知识落实.用所给词的正确形式填空1Its generally acknowledged that education shouldnt be_measured(measure) only by examination results.2He was at great pains to_point(point) out my mistake.3Large amounts of water are(be) needed for the
73、crops as a result of the dry climate.4I have no ambitions other than to_have(have) a happy life.5There is no such thing as failure in the world.Failure is just life trying moving us in another direction(direct).在空白处填入一个适当的词1Though friends play an important part in our lives, we now lack time to comm
74、unicate with them face to face.2Thanks to my English teachers help，my English scores are always on the top of my class.3After school，she directly went off in the direction of the cinema to see the new film directed by the famous director.4As you can see, our government has taken a range of measures
75、to protect and improve our living surroundings.5So far no one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.强技提能知识应用.阅读七选五(2020山东师大附中4月模拟)If you are thinking about redecorating the home，you are probably searching about interior(内部的)decoration ideas.Redecorating presents a great
76、 chance to reflect your personality by displaying your style and interest.It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction. 1 Here are some tips on how to do so：Search some magazines.You can get dozens of interior decoration ideas from countless magazines and TV programs.Some pro
77、grams tend to show less costly interior decoration ideas. 2 Its a good way of comparing different styles.Here you can make a distinction between the country style and the contemporary style.Fond of primitive style.If you are fond of primitive or traditional style，warmer colors are the best for the r
78、oom.These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture. 3 Modern style.If you like modern style，use brighter colors instead of white and offwhite.Home decoration of these styles includes minimum disorder and a lot of free space and light.Leather furniture matches the room：whit
79、e or black with contrasting cushions(靠垫)per seating place. 4 5 This often occurs anyway，especially if the people give you furniture or you inherit(继承)the same.If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles，you need to bridge the gap between them.This can be done easily wi
80、th materials like throw pillows，wall hangings and carpets.AA white one on a black sofa suits here.BThere is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.CAnother effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet.DThe combinations and possibilities in the first decoration are endless.EAutumn colors go
81、 well to produce a warm，friendly and pleasant atmosphere.FNevertheless，the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.GThe walls tend to have one or two pieces of wall art rather than 6 to 10 of the older time.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了几种重新装修的方法，利用这些方法装修可以展示你的风格和兴趣，反映你的个性。1F细节句。
82、上文“It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction.(如果钱不受限制的话，重新装修房子会很容易。)”与F项“Nevertheless，the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.(然而，对大多数人来说，问题是如何在有限的预算内重新装修房子。)”衔接自然，都谈到和装修有关的资金问题，其中money和budget属于近义词复现，故选F项。2C过渡句。上文提到了一种建议：“Search some magaz
83、ines.”，而C项“Another effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet.”中的关键词Another承接上文，前后部分介绍了两种寻找装修风格的途径，故选C项。3E细节句。上文“These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture.(这些颜色与各种旧式布料和木制家具相配。)”与E项“Autumn colors go well to produce a warm，friendly and pleasant atmospher
84、e.(秋天的颜色很适合产生一种温暖、友好和愉快的气氛)”相呼应，前后话题一致，都是关于颜色和其他部分的搭配，其中colors是关键词，属于原词复现，故选E项。4A细节句。上文“white or black with contrasting cushions per seating place”与A项“A white one on a black sofa suits here.”相呼应，都讲述了颜色对比鲜明的话题，其中white和black是关键词，属于原词复现，故选A项。5B主题句。根据下文“If you wish to combine different pieces of furnitu
85、re from different styles，you need to bridge the gap between them.This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows，wall hangings and carpets.”可知，本段主要讲述了把两种风格的家具混合在一起增加美感，故B项“There is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.(把两种风格混在一起没有问题。)”可作为本段主题句。.语法填空(2020全国卷)China has become the first country
86、 to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Change4 probe(探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 1._(touch) down last week in the South PoleAitken basin.Landing on the moons far side is 2._(extreme) challenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio comm
87、unication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3._ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 4._ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so 5._ the familiar near side.
88、Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change4 6._(find) and study areas of the South PoleAitken basin. “This really excites scientists，”Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it 7._(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8._(construct
89、)”Data about the moons composition，such as how 9._ ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether 10._(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了“嫦娥四号”无人探测器登月成功。大意：中国是第一个登上月球背面的国家。1touched考查动词时态。句中有时间状语last week，故用一般过去时。2extremely考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。副词e
90、xtremely修饰后面的形容词challenging。3where考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是spot，后跟定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。4interest考查词性转换(形容词变名词)。句中含有“beof名词”结构，be of particular interestbe particularly interesting，故填名词interest。5than考查more.than.的用法。本句中含有more，空格后为比较对象，因此本空应填than。6to find考查非谓语动词(不定式)。句中的动词不定式短语to find and study areas of
91、the South PoleAitken basin作状语，表目的。7means考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文时态可知，本句也应用一般现在时，主语是it，故谓语动词用means。8is constructed考查时态和语态。此处表示“月球是如何构成的”，应用被动语态，且此处描述的是客观情况，故填is constructed。construct vt.建造，构建。9much考查how much的用法。how much“多少”，修饰不可数名词。10its考查代词。此处表示“它的计划”，故用形容词性物主代词its。 话题写作Step 1.写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)尽管很难预测将来的家
92、用机器人是什么样子，我想描述一下它们的令人诧异之处。Though it is difficult to predict what_future_household_robots_might_be_like，I still want to describe how amazing they are.你会吃惊地发现它们更像人而不是机器。You will be_alarmed_to_find that they will be more like humans than machines.有它们的帮助，你就可以摆脱所有家务事，比如洗衣、做饭和打扫卫生。With their help, you wil
93、l be_free_of all household chores, such as cooking, washing and cleaning.它们配备有智能计算机大脑，能帮你留出户外锻炼时间。Equipped with an intelligent computer brain, they will help you set_aside_ some_time for outdoor exercise.当老人由家用机器人在家陪伴时，也许老人就不会觉得孤单。When they are_accompanied_by such household robots at home, the elder
94、ly may not feel lonely.你一定会渴望得到这样神奇的家用机器人。You are_bound_to_have_a_desire_for such wonderful household robots.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)利用省略句式升级句When_accompanied_by_such_household_robots_at_home,_the_elderly_may_not_feel_lonely.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)Though_it_is_difficult_to_predict_what_futu
95、re_household_robots_might_be_like，I_still_want_to_describe_how_amazing_they_are.You will be alarmed to find that they will be more like humans than machines.With their help, you will be free of all household chores, such as cooking, washing, and cleaning.More importantly, equipped with an intelligen
96、t computer brain, they will help you set aside some time for outdoor exercise.When accompanied by such household robots at home, the elderly may not feel lonely.Believe it or not，you are bound to have a desire for such wonderful household robots.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I teach at a
97、middle school where we really focus on kindness and service.We have a Wheel of Kindness we spin each week to challenge the kids to commit kind acts，and we hold assemblies(晨会)that recognize our students who are committing acts of service locally and globally.Well，this week I was reminded again how sp
98、ecial middle school kids were.I follow many of my students on Instagram so I can keep up with their lives away from school and look for any cyber bullying(网络欺凌)On Monday evening，I received a direct message from a boy who got a very mean message in his locker.He took a picture of it and sent it to me
99、 asking for help.I assured him this was not what we were all about and asked him to meet me at recess the following morning.He said he would and we left off with him feeling as if I felt honored he came to me.A few hours later I noticed on his Instagram he had posted the picture of the mean note and
100、 asked if anyone knew who it was.I made sure to comment we were looking into it to give the person who did it a little push in coming forward.I thought it was very smart of the boy who had received the note to reach out via social media because this is where the kids live for so many hours of the da
101、y.The next day when recess came，the boy came to me，another boy following him.The boy who had received the note showed me another note he had received.But this was a beautiful，heartfelt apology.I asked him if he knew who had done it and the boy who came with him replied，“It was me.I dont know why I d
102、id it，but I know it was wrong.So I wrote him this note.I also wrote 150 Postits with kind sayings on them and put them in all the lockers.I just tried to make up for my meanness.”注意：1续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。I was blown away and my heart felt so full of pride and love for this brave boy._After hearing
103、these words，I had a quite different understanding of middle schoolers._【参考范文】I was blown away and my heart felt so full of pride and love for this brave boy.I thought it would burst out of my chest! I told him how courageous I thought it was for him to come forward and how amazing it was that he did
104、 something kind in return to try to balance his mistake.I turned to the boy who received both notes and asked him if he also recognized the bravery and could forgive.Without hesitation，he said，“Yes.Definitely.And if anyone tries to be mean to him for making a bad choice，I will stand up to him.”After
105、 hearing these words，I had a quite different understanding of middle schoolers.I thought they get a bad name because it is such a precarious age.They are stuck between being children and growing up，and it is so difficult to navigate.But these two boys both showed me that coming forward when we need help is so significant，and coming forward to admit a wrong is vital.They both showed bravery，compassion and kindness in a way I would not have expected.Every day I am reminded that educator as I am，my students truly teach me.
