1、语法对点讲练十二介词、并列连词一、常用介词知识点讲解1表示时间的介词(1)at, on, inat表示时间点，也可表示节假日。at 3：00, at noon, at that time, at Christmas Dayon表示一天或某天的一部分。on Monday, on Friday evening, on September 24in表示少于或多于一天的时间段。in the evening, in a week, in three days, in 2013, in my childhoodmorning, evening, afternoon, night等名词如果有表示具体某一天的
2、名词修饰时，用on。on Monday morning, on a cold winter morning(2)by, during, for, till, untilby表示“不迟于；到为止”。by six oclock, by the end of last monthduring表示一段持续的时间，也可以表示这段持续时间中的某一点或某一刻。during the summer vacationfor表示一段时间，后面接具体的时间单位，后边的名词常用复数。I have been working here for five years.till和until表示一段时间，till用在肯定句中与持
3、续性动词连用，until用在否定句中，与瞬间动词连用。Although the lecture was very boring, he stayed till the end of it.I didnt leave until 11 oclock.2表示地点、位置、方向的介词(1)at, in, onat一般指较小的地方。I met him at the store.in一般指较大的地方。They arrived in Tianjin yesterday.on一般指面与线接触的地方。The picture is hanging on the wall.(2)in, on, toin表示在某一范
4、围内。Baoding lies in the middle of Hebei province.on表示两地接壤。Canada is on the north of the USA.to表示范围之外。Japan is to the northeast of China.(3)by, beside, nearby与beside表示“在的旁边”。There is a small house by the river.He was standing beside his father.near表示“接近；近”。There is a school near my house.(4)from, out
5、offrom强调起点，“从”。The plane from New York arrives at 11：10.out of侧重从里向外，“从里出来”。She took some paper out of her bag.(5)between, amongbetween表示在两者之间。The secret is only between you and me.among指三者或以上的之间。The teacher was standing among the students.3表示原因的介词for, from, of, through, with, because of, due to, ow
6、ing to, for fear of, on account of, out of, thanks to等可以表示原因。He was shaking with cold.The girl fell ill from eating too little.4表示工具、方式、手段的介词(1)by, in, withby多用于无形的工具或手段前，by与名词间无修饰语。by hand, by means ofin多用于语言、材料前。in ink, in English, in this waywith多用在有形的工具、表示身体器官的名词前，with与名词之间可以有修饰语。We see with our
7、 eyes.We are digging with spades (铁锹)(2)by, in, onby交通工具，之间无冠词。by air, by car, by bus, by bikein, on修饰语交通工具。go to work in my car, on the bus(3)withwith表示“和一起；有在场”。Will you come to the cinema with us?with表示“随着；与一道”。With time passing by, he has become used to the climate there.with表示“具有；携有”。The teache
8、r comes into the classroom with some books in hand.with表示方式或状态。He likes to go to bed with the windows open.(4)of抽象名词be of抽象名词beadj.be of much valuebe very valuable(5)to情感类名词to ones名词to the名词of sb.to ones surpriseto the surprise of sb.to ones joy, to ones regret, to ones relief, to ones disappointmen
9、t对点训练第一组单项填空1(2013新课标卷)It was a real race _ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.A. over B. byC. for D. against答案与解析D句意：这真是一个需要争分夺秒才能完成的项目。幸运的是，我们圆满地完成了。四个选项中的介词只有D项的against与time构成“against time”才意为“争分夺秒”，其他介词用在此处都不符合句意。故答案选D项。2(2013新课标卷)A serious study of physics is impossible _ some kn
10、owledge of mathematics.A. against B. beforeC. beyond D. without答案与解析D题干的意思是：“_一定的数学知识，认真研究物理是不可能的。”against“靠着；反对”； before“在之前”； beyond“超出”； without“没有”。四个选项中填入without最合适，故选D项。3(2013山东卷)The Smiths are praised _ the way they bring up their children.A. from B. byC. at D. for答案与解析D句意：史密斯夫妇因为养育孩子的方式而受到了赞
11、扬。根据固定搭配be praised by .”，学生很容易理解为“被表扬”而误选by。4(2013安徽卷)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library _ a book about it.A. on B. atC. for D. to答案与解析C句意：在你到某一旅游胜地去游览之前，先在你当地的图书馆找本有关的书看看。look与介词for搭配构成动词短语look for。因为in your local library这一地点状语插在其中，从而增加了识别的难度。实际上，本句也可以表达为：. lo
12、ok for a book about it in your local library.故选C项。5(2013北京卷)I have an appointment _ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.A. to B. offC. with D. from答案与解析C句意：我跟史密斯博士有个约会，但是我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.“跟某人有约”，为固定搭配，故正确答案为C项。第二组语法填空6Shes got the job because she has the advantage _ others of knowin
13、g many languages.答案与解析over句意：她得到了这份工作因为她有比别人多会几门语言的优势。比谁有优势用介词over。7Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair.答案与解析into句意：弗莱德没有敲门就进门了，气喘吁吁，一屁股坐在了椅子上。sink into“陷入”。8The plane departs at 8：00, so we may as well be at the airport _ 7：00 at the latest.答案与解析by/before句意：飞机八点起飞，
14、所以我们最好最迟在七点之前赶到飞机场。by“不迟于”； before“在之前”。9Ballet is not popular _ our city because most people think it is too expensive to take the classes.答案与解析in句意：芭蕾在我们的城市并不流行，因为大多数人认为上这个课太贵了。in表位于较大的地点； be popular with sb.“受欢迎”。10It is believed that those who attend lessons _ great concentration are more likely
15、 to be top ones.答案与解析with句意：人们相信上课认真听讲的人更有可能取得好成绩。with“具有；带有”。二、常见的介词短语和搭配知识点讲解例：out of place with regard toexcept for except thatbeyond descriptions account foron account of in a wayin particular in chargeas a result of in case (of) .be tired of be proud ofanswer/key to next tosimilar to due tothan
16、ks to popular withabove all on behalf ofafter all in terms ofin need of in favour ofin return in shortapart from instead ofregardless of in detailin general on purposein place of in search offor fear of in exchange forin addition to in spite ofin vain beyond reachat dawn at daybreakat sunset/sunrise
17、 at tablefar from free fromby the way be fond of对点训练第一组单项填空1(2013江苏卷)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. _ the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.A. On account of B. In response toC. In view of D. With regard to答案与解析D句意：当我收到你的电子邮件时，我总是很高兴。关于7月1日的聚会，我将很乐意参加。on account
18、 of“因为；由于”； in response to“对作出回应”； in view of“考虑到；鉴于”； with regard to“关于；至于”。2(2013辽宁卷)_ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.A. By means of B. On behalf ofC. In search of D. For fear of答案与解析Bby means of“用；凭借”； on behalf of“代表”； in search of“寻找”； for fear of“担心”。根据后半句句意“
19、我祝愿你回国的旅途愉快”可知答案，即“我代表这里的每个人”。3(福建)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _ all its citizens.A. in charge of B. for the purpose ofC. in honour of D. for the benefit of答案与解析D句意：为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。in charge of“掌管；负责”； for the purpose of“为了目的”； in honour of“为了纪念”； for the benefit o
20、f“为了的利益”。可知D项意思最符合。4(安徽)You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be _ life.A. of B. onC. to D. for答案与解析D句意：你可以换工作，也可以搬家，但友谊却可以终身受用。for life“终身”，故选D项。5(湖北)The furniture, with its modern style and bright colours, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _ in the
21、garden of a traditional home.A. out of question B. out of orderC. out of sight D. out of place答案与解析D句意：这件家具，式样现代，颜色明亮，适合现代房子和花园，但是在传统家庭的花园里看上去就不合适了。out of question“毫无疑问”； out of order“发生故障”； out of sight“看不见”； out of place“不合适的；不恰当的；不相称的”。第二组语法填空6In fact, apart _ money, the old man needs more care.答
22、案from7(2013黄冈中学5月二模)After years of hard work, you may depend _ it that he can fulfil the task.答案on8(2013青岛二中11月月考)Although my original idea doesnt think, its not up _ me to decide the plan.答案to9I noticed her eyes _ particular, because they were very large and beautiful.答案in10Did you choose this comp
23、any _ account of high pay?答案on三、常用的并列连词知识点讲解四、并列句中的注意事项知识点讲解when用作并列连词时，其意义为“这时；那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：Somebody was doing something when .; Somebody was about to/going to do/on the point of doing something when .; Somebody had just done something when .We were having a meeting when som
24、eone broke in.while意为“而；却”，表示对比。He likes pop music, while I am fond of classical music.副词besides, furthermore, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore, consequently, anyway等也可以起并列连词的作用。This place isnt quiet enough for us to stay for a rest; furthermore, it is not shady.对点训练第一组单项填空1(2013新课标卷)The
25、res no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _ another man, also intelligent, fails.A. since B. ifC. as D. while答案_D_知识点_，_解析句意：不清楚为什么一个人会有重大发现，而另外一个同样聪明的人却失败了。根据句意断定，该题的空格处需要填入一个并列连词。乍一看，这四个连词似乎都是从属连词，都不能填入句中。殊不知，在实际的语言运用过程中， while还具有并列连词的属性，表示“转折和对比”，正好符合句式结构和语意逻辑。故答案选D项。其他三个选项都没
26、有这种属性和功能，所以可以排除。2(2013新课标卷)I was glad to meet Jenny again, _ I didnt want to spend all day with her.A. but B. andC. so D. or答案_A_知识点_解析句意：我很高兴再次见到詹妮，_我不想整天和她待在一起。根据前半句中的glad与后半句中的didnt want可知前后两句为转折关系，所以选A项。3(2013北京卷)Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs, _ you could have problems.A
27、. or B. andC. but D. so答案_A_知识点_解析句意：在关掉所有的程序之前不要关电脑，要不然你会遇到问题的。or“否则；要不然”，表示一种否定的条件； and连接表示顺承的并列句； but连接表示转折的并列句； so连接表示因果的并列句。由语境可知正确答案为A项。掌握并列连词的用法以及前后分句的逻辑关系是解题关键。4(2013江西卷)What a terrible experience! _， youre safe now thats the main thing.A. Anyway B. BesidesC. Otherwise D. Therefore答案_A_知识点_解
28、析句意：多么可怕的经历呀！至少，你现在是安全的那才是最重要的事。选项中四个单词均为副词， anyway“无论如何；至少”； besides“而且；此外”； otherwise“否则”； therefore“因此”。故A项符合语境。5(2013四川卷)Read this story, _ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.A. or B. andC. but D. so答案_B_知识点_解析句意：如果你读这个故事，你将会意识到并不是一切东西都能用金钱买到。or“否则”； and“而且”； but“但是”；
29、so“因此”。分析句子结构可知，本题为“祈使句and/or陈述句”结构，本句中前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示此条件下的结果，又由句意可知应用连词and。6(2013重庆卷)Its not easy to change habits, _ with awareness and selfcontrol, it is possible.A. for B. orC. but D. so答案_C_知识点_解析句意：改变习惯不容易，_有了意识和自制力，它是可能的。分析句子意思我们知道，空格前后的句子存在转折关系。for“因为”； or“或者”； but“但是”； so“所以”。因此答案为C项。其实
30、后面的句子补充完整应为： it is possible to change habits with awareness and selfcontrol。第二组语法填空7“Study hard _ get good grades, and you will find a highpaying job with great benefits，” my parents used to say.答案and8I was about to call Mr. Stone _ I found my cell phone missing.答案when9Calm down for a while, _ you will simplify the complicated problems very soon.答案and10That was our first lesson, _ he didnt know all our names.答案so
