1、专题12 连词和状语从句一 易错题类型【易错题01】 误判并列句和状语从句1. ( 2022新高考I卷 ) The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones, _ leaving behind precious natural assests (资产) fo
2、r future generations”.【答案】 and【易错分析】句子较长，造成逻辑意思理解困难，误以为定语从句或状语从句。【解题思路】考查并列连词。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性（完整性）、保护生物多样性、保护生态缓冲区、_为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然金鞘（资产）”的指导原则。2. （2022湖北省新高考联考协作体高三上学期起点考试） Guide dogs offer social, physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind，56training them is an expensive and
3、 long process.【答案】 and【易错分析】句子较长，造成逻辑意思理解困难，误以为定语从句或状语从句。【解题思路】考查并列连词。上下文之间为转折关系。句意：导盲犬为一些盲人提供了社会，身体和心理上的好处，但是训练他们是一个昂贵而漫长的过程。【名师点津】并列句和状语从句中的连词是语法填空题中常考点之一。连词分为并列连词和从属连词，常考的并列连词有and，but，or，so，while，when等；【易错题02】 状语从句的省略1. Though _(defeat) , he still felt sad.【答案】defeated【易错分析】为熟练掌握状语从句的省略用法。【解题思路】t
4、hough是连词应当引导让步状语从句，从句中无主语，可知考查状语从句的省略。观察defeat与he是被动关系，故填defeated。【名师点津】在时间，条件，让步状语从句中，从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，并且含有be动词时，可把从句中的主语和be动词同时省略。或只需考虑所给动词和主语的逻辑关系，主动用doing,被动则用done。2. （浙江卷）When _ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.【答
5、案】comparing【易错分析】 为熟练掌握状语从句的省略用法, 没有仔细推断主语we和compare在本句中的逻辑主被动关系。【解题思路】由连词when及动词可知本题考查省略句。句意：当我们比较不同的文化时，我们往往只注意到差异，而没有注意到许多相似之处。主语we与compare为主动关系，故填comparing。【易错题03】 状语从句类别判断失误1. (2022全国乙卷 改错) Whether you ride a bicycle, you dont use petrol.【答案】Whether改为If或When【易错分析】分析长难句逻辑不清楚，单纯从语法角度看不出来，加强对句意的分析
6、。【解题思路】考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候你是不用汽油的，由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导，位于句首，首字母大写，故将whether改为If或When。【名师点津】引导状语从句的从属连词1. 时间状语从句 （1）when，while，as； (2) as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant，no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.和once表示“一就”。（3）before与since；(4)every time，
7、each time，next time，the last time，any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次”等。2. 条件状语从句（1）till，until和not.until ； (2)if，unlessif.not，so/as long as，in case，on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)等3. 地点状语从句where和wherever4. 让步状语从句While/Though/Although5. 原因状语从句because，as，since(既然)，now
8、 that，seeing that，considering that。6. 方式状语从句as，as if，as though7. 结果状语从句so.that.，such.that.。8. 目的状语从句 （1）so that，in order that，for fear that，in case (that)/lest。 （1）in order that，so that（3）for fear that，in case (that)/lest二 举一反三1. Wang saw the lively scene _ she was traveling in Aksu. 【答案】when/while/
9、as【解析】考查状语从句。句意：王在阿克苏旅游时看到了这热闹的一幕。引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”应用when/while/as引导。故填when/while/as。2. The power rationing in Jiangsu also forced factories in the key manufacturing(制造业） industry to cut or even stop their operations_ the end of the month. 【答案】填until/till【解析】考查连词。句意：江苏的限电还迫使关键制造业的工厂减产甚至停产，直到月底。根据语境可知
10、，句子表示“江苏的限电还迫使关键制造业的工厂减产甚至停产，直到月底”，空格处意为“直到”，是until/till，故填until/till。3I always tell them when Im going out clubbing _ they know what Im doing, theyre fine with it. 【答案】As long as【解析】考查状语从句。句意：只要他们知道我在做什么，他们就不会介意。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As long as。4Do foreigners not understand Briti
11、sh humor or are the British just not so funny _ they think they are? 【答案】as【解析】考查连词。句意：是外国人不懂英式幽默，还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣？根据“just not so funny”和“they think they are”可知此处要用连词，短语so.as.意为“与一样”。故填as。5Much _ I like this book, I like others much better. 【答案】as/though【解析】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：虽然我很喜欢这本书，但我更喜欢其他书。分析句子
12、可知，句子为让步状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，句子为部分倒装，构成“强调对象+as/though+主语+其他部分”，故应用“as/though”引导从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。故填as/though。6_ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity. 【答案】Whatever【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献。由“Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity”可知，句子表示“不管真
13、相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献”，空格处意为“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whatever。7_ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forests food chain. 【答案】While/Although【解析】考查连词和让步状语从句。句意：虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链中的一员。由“a significant number of jaguars survive here”可知，句子表示
14、“虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链中的一员”，空格处意为“虽然，尽管”，是while/although，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填While/Although。8He didnt formally retire _ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter.【答案】until【解析】考查连词。句意：他直到去年12月才正式退休，然后就飞往意大利去看望女儿了。notuntil直到才，是一个固定句型，引导时间状语从句，故填until。三 易错题通关1._ Mikes very good
15、at math, his brother is absolutely hopeless.【答案】While【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:虽然Mike很擅长数学,但他的兄弟是绝对没有希望的。根据句意可知,此处应用while,强调两者之间的对比,意为“虽然,尽管”。故填While。注意首字母大写。2.He must be a good worker, _ else he wouldnt be so busy.【答案】or【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:他一定是一位好工人,要不然他不会这么忙。根据句意可知,此处应用or else,相当于or,意为“要不然,否则”。故填or。3.The children
16、 were playing in the street _ they caught sight of an injured bird.【答案】when【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:孩子们正在街上玩耍,这时他们看到了一只受伤的鸟。sb. be doing.when.是固定句型,意为“某人正在做,这时”,when在该句型中是并列连词。故填when。4.She said she would be late, _ she arrived on time.【答案】but【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:她说她会迟到,但她按时到达了。根据句意可知,此处应用but,表示转折关系,意为“但是”。故填but。5.W
17、e need to thank the great men of the past for their wisdom, _ all truths are easy to understand once they are discovered.【答案】for【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:我们需要感谢过去伟人的智慧,因为“一切真相一旦被发现后都变得通俗易懂”。 for意为“因为”,其后接补充原因。根据句意可知,此处应用for连接。故填for。6.Laura was on the point of setting out _ it began to snow.【答案】when【解析】句意是：Laur
18、a正要出发，这时天开始下雪。表示一个人正要做某事这时时，用when引导时间状语从句，when在句中意思是这时，故答案是when。7.That was really a splendid evening. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.【答案】since【解析】句意,那真是一个很棒的晚上。自从我玩得这么开心已经有些年了。常用句型:It is/ has been + 时间段 + since 从句。8._youve tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is.【答案】Unless【解析】考查连词,Unless
19、除非,如果不,句意:除非你已经尝试过了,否则你不会想象有多么的令人舒适。9.The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.【答案】if【解析】此题考查连词。本句译为:如果WTO不接收一个拥有世界人口五分之一的国家,它就愧对它的名字。10._ people in London speak fast and use unfamiliar words made Xie Lei confused at first.【答案】That【解析】句意
20、: 在伦敦人们讲话很快, 并且使用不熟悉的话语, 起初这让谢蕾很困惑。主语从句中不缺成分, 所以用从属连词that。11.I have no choice _ to accept his invitation.【答案】but【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:我除了接受他的邀请以外别无选择。have no choice but to do sth.是固定用法,意为“除了做某事以外别无选择”,符合句意。故填but。12.Turn the heat down _ itll burn.【答案】or【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:把火关小一些,否则它就烧焦了。根据句意可知,此处应用or,意为“否则,不然”。故
21、填or。13.In a word, the prospects are bright, _ the road has twists and turns.【答案】yet【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:总之,前途是光明的,然而道路是曲折的。根据句意可知,此处表示强烈的对比,应用yet,意为“然而”,符合句意。故填yet。14.Mo Yan was absorbed in writing his novel _ didnt look up when the reporter came in.【答案】and【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:莫言在专心地写他的小说,当记者进来时他甚至都没有抬头。根据句意可知,
22、此处表示顺承关系,应用and连接。故填and。15.Neither could theory do without practice, _ could practice do without theory.【答案】nor【解析】考查并列连词。句意为:理论离不开实践,实践也离不开理论。 neither. nor.是固定句型,意为“既不也不”,符合句意。故填nor。16.The truth was _ the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.【答案】that【解析】句意: 事实是宽街水泵的水被废物污染了。设空处
23、引导表语从句, 从句中成分完整所以考虑用从属连词, 又根据句意可知从句为The truth的具体内容, 所以用that。17._ we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.【答案】If【解析】句意为:如果我们不阻止气候变化,这个世界上的许多动植物将会消失。根据句意可知,设空处引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”,故填If。18.The first thing she did _ she got up every morning was to water the flower her h
24、usband had given to her.【答案】after【解析】句意：每天早晨她起床后的第一件事就是给花浇水，那花儿是她的丈夫送给她的。19.Therell be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems of our environment will get even worse, _ we do something now.【答案】unless【解析】句意：除非我们现在做一些事情，要不然交通将更加堵塞，温度将持续上升，因而环境问题将更加恶化。由语境可知，此处表示除非，故用un
25、less。20.There was nothing to make sure of the direction in the forest but to settle down for the night _ they were.【答案】where【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意为：森林中没有什么东西可以确定方向，他们只好在他们所在的地方安歇。根据句意可知，此处应用where引导地点状语从句，意为“（在）的地方”。故填where。21.The woman, named Zhao, was driving with two friends _ they first saw a cub(幼崽) ne
26、ar the Sandaogou village of Hunchun on Jan 1, CCTV News reported. 【答案】where【解析】考查固定句型。此处是固定句型，意为“正在做某事，突然”。22. _time passed, the technique became perfect. Different kinds of pottery appeared in different times and regions. 【答案】As【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意:随着时间的推移,这种技术变得越来越完美。根据语境可知,句子表示“随着时间的推移,这种技术变得越来越完美”,空格
27、处意为“随着”,是as,位于句首,首字母大写,故填As。23.We all need to get involved in saving energy _ its at work, at home, or at school.【答案】whether【解析】考查状语从句连接词词义辨析。句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。分析句子，该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句，根据句意及后面的or ，需要表示“无论是还是”，whether符合题意24.Feeling fearful is healthy _ it helps you slow down and eva
28、luate risks properly.【答案】because【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：感到恐惧是有益于健康的，因为它能帮助你慢下来，正确评估风险。根据语境，主句提到healthy（有益于健康的），连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的，这是一个原因状语从句，适用because（因为）引导。25._ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 【答
29、案】as/ when【解析】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。26. They decide to have more workers for the project _ it wont be delayed.【答案】so that【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。空后it wont be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so t
30、hat引导目的状语从句。27. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _ he wants their support.【答案】unless【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。根据题意填unless。28. On our way to the house, it was raining _ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.【答案】so【解析
31、】考查结果状语从句。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“sothat”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。29. Over time，_the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 【答案】as/when【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人口的增长，人们把食物切成小块，这样可以煮得快一点。as是连词，表示随着的意思，引导时间状语从句，故填as。30. So, get an early sta
32、rt and try to be as productive _ possible before lunch. 【答案】as【解析】考查状语从句。 asas possible为固定的表达，意为：尽可能。的干某事；故填as。31. We were driving in the right lane_all of a sudden, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us. 【答案】when【解析】考查连词。句意：我们正在右车道开车，突然，一辆黑色的车从我们前面的停车位里跳出来。此处是“be doing sth
33、when”结构，表示“正在做这时”。故填when。32. I had just arrived at the office _ my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 【答案】when【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：当我妻子给我打电话叫我马上回家时，我刚到办公室。分析句子可知，句子为时间状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，根据句意可知，应用“when”引导从句，意为“当时”。故填when。33Word borrowing tends to happen _ there is no suitable word for an object or idea i
34、n the native tongue. 【答案】when【解析】考查状语从句。句意：单词借用往往会发生在母语中没有合适的词来表达某一物体或思想的时候。分析句意可知，此句为时间状语从句，意为“当.的时候”，故填when。34.Before departure, the two young men agreed to meet there again twenty years later, _ their conditions might be. 【答案】whatever【解析】考查连词。句意：出发前，这两个年轻人同意二十年后再在那里见面，不管他们的条件如何。分析句子可知，该处为连词whatev
35、er引导的让步状语从句。意为“不论，不管怎样”。结合句意为“不管他们的条件如何”。故填whatever。35. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even_he wants to. 【答案】though/if【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：他很忙，即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。分析句子可知，“cannot afford enough time ”和“he wants to”形成转折关系，even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”。故填though或if。36. The next mo
36、rning Id just about given myself up for lost _ I was spotted by a ship. 【答案】when【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：第二天早上当我几乎要放弃的时候突然我被一艘船发现了。分析句子结构可知，had done sth. when是固定句型，表示“刚做完某事这时突然”。此处需用when引导时间状语从句，表示“这时（突然）”之意。故填when。37. Though it is 5 years_ he retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in
37、the academic circles.【答案】since【解析】考查固定句型和连词辨析。句意：虽然自从他退休已经5年了，但这位老教授在学术界仍然很活跃。“ It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”是固定句型，表示“自从以来多长时间”，根据句意，故填since。38. I was really surprised that the workers could build it so well _ even today it is not out of style. 【答案】that【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我真的很惊讶，工人们能把它建得这么好，直到今天它还没有过时。与前面的so构成s
38、othat句型，引导结果状语从句。故填that。39. She says that shell have to close the shop._ business improves. 【答案】Unless【解析】考查连词。句意：她说她将不得不关闭店铺，除非生意好转。根据句意可知，此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”，相当于 if.not.。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Unless。40. _ the series success might have a good side, many teachers and parents are worried. 【答案】Although/Though/While【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管该系列的成功可能有好的一面，但许多老师和家长都很担心。根据前后句意逻辑关系可知填Although/ Though/ While，引导让步状语从句，意为尽管。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/ Though/ While。10