1、2015高考英语完形填空、阅读理解通用练习（23）及答案完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The measure of a mans real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.-Thomas MacaulayAbout thirty years ago, I was studying in a public school in New York. One day, Mrs Nanette ONeil
2、l gave a maths 41 to our class. When the papers were 42 she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the 43 mistakes throughout the test.There is nothing really new about 44 in exams. Perhaps that was 45 Mrs ONeill didnt even say a word about it. She only asked the twelve boys to 46 after class.
3、 I was one of the twelve.Mrs ONeill asked 47 questions, and she didnt 48 us either. Instead, she wrote on the blackboard the 49 words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us tocopy these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.I dont know about the other eleven boys. Speaking for 50 I can sa
4、y: it was the most important single 51 of my life. Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulays words, they 52 seem to me the best yardstick (准绳), because they give us a 53 to measure ourselves rather than others. 54 of us are asked to make 55 decisions about nations going to war or armies going
5、 to battle. But all of us are called 56 daily to make a great many personal decisions.Shouldthe wallet, 57 in the street, be put into a pocketor 58 to the policeman? Should the 59 change received at the store be forgotten or 60 ? Nobody will know exceptyou. But you have to live with yourself, and it
6、 is alwaysbetter to live with someone you respect.41. A. paper B. question C. test D. problem 42. A.marked B. completed C. examined D. answered43. A. easy B.same C.funny D. serious44. A. lying B.discussing C. guessing D. cheating45. A. because B. when C. why D. how46. A. remain B. apologize C. come
7、D. leave 47. A.many B. certain C.no D. more48. A. excuse B. reject C. help D. scold49. A. above B. common C. following D. unusual50. A.herself B. ourselves C. themselves D. myself51. A. chance B. incident C. lesson D. memory52. A.still B.even C. always D. almost53. A.reason B. sentence C. choice D.
8、way54. A. All B. Few C. Some D. None55. A. quick B. wise C. great D. personal56. A. upon B. out C. for D. up 57. A. finding B. found C. find D. founded58. A. turned up B. turned on C. turned over D. turned back59. A. small B.extra C. some D. necessary60. A. paid B. remembered C. shared D. returned【参
9、考答案】完形填空4145 CABDC 4650 ACDAD 5155 CADBC 5660 ABCBD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。About a third of all common cancers in the United States, China and Britain could be prevented each year if people ate healthier food, drank less alcohol and exercised more, health experts said on Friday. Reports f
10、rom the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) suggest that making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers alone in Britain and the United States, as well as tens of thousands of stomach cancers. “Even in 2011, people are dying unnecessarily from cancers that could be pre
11、vented through keeping a healthy weight, diet, physical activity and other lifestyle factors,” said a WCRF medical and scientific adviser. WCRF findings are supported by World Health Organization (WHO) reports, which say regular exercise can prevent many diseases such as cancers and heart diseases.
12、Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world and its incidence(发病率) is rising. Each year around 12.7 million people discover they have cancer and 7.6 million people die from some form of the disease. There are about 200 known types of cancer. Rachel Thompson, the WCRFs head of science, said t
13、hat while the message was simple that not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help ward off many cancers it was still a difficult one to get across. The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per
14、 week or by cycling to work every day. Peter Baldini, head of the World Lung Foundation, also called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes. Tobacco kills millions of smokers every year, and tobacco-related lung cancers also kill hundreds of thousands of pe
15、ople who dont smoke but have been exposed to it second-hand. “There isnt a magic bullet to cure all forms of cancer, but we have the opportunity and the duty to protect people from developing cancer wherever possible,” Baldini said.63. Which of the following words can best take the place of the phra
16、se “ward off” in the sixth paragraph? A. protect B. prevent C. develop D. cure【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help及many cancers可以推测是不吸烟，吃好的食物及有一个健康的体重有助于阻止癌症的发生，故选B。64. Which of the following statements is Not true according to the text? A. Exercising an
17、d eating healthily can help to reduce cancer risk. B. Each year about 12.7 million people are diagnosed with cancer around the world. C. Every year millions of people die from smoking and lung cancers. D. Adults should walk for fifty minutes three times per week.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据The WHO says adults
18、should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.世界卫生组织建议一周五次一次30分钟的锻炼时间，故选D。65. Which of the following can be the best title of this text? A. Simple life changes could stop millions of cancers B. Canc
19、er is a leading cause of death C. Our bad lifestyle caused many diseases D. The incidence of common cancers is rising【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。根据making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers及短文的内容可知要人们平时注意生活能够阻止癌症的发生，故选A。66. By writing the passage, the author mainly intends to
20、 _. A. advise people to develop healthier lifestyle. B. warn people of the danger of cancers C. explain why many people die from cancers every year. D. introduce the ways to protect people from developing cancers【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文的内容可知主要建议人们发展健康的生活，故选A。67. We can infer from Peter Baldinis opinion i
21、n the last two paragraphs that _. A. all the lung cancers are linked to smoking B. there is no medicine to cure the cancers but its our duty to find one C. all governments should take measures to control smokers and protect peoples health D. its our opportunity and duty to persuade people to give up
22、 smoking【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes.建议政府要采取措施控制人们吸烟进而来保护人们的身体健康，故选C。高考英语完形填空People do not analyse every problem they meet. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. ther times they begin to act without _1_；t
23、hey try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all of these methods _2_， the person with a problem has to start analysing. There are six _3_ in analysing a problem.First, the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sams bicycle is broken. Sam must _4_ that there is
24、a problem with his bicycle. Next the person must _5_ the problem. Before Sam can repairhis bicycle, he must know why it does not work. He must _6_ the parts that are wrong.Now the person must look for _7_ that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. Suppose Sam _8_ that his bik
25、e does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes._9_， he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes or talk to his friends at the bike shop.After _10_ the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution, which might be: tighten or loosen the
26、 brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.In the end, one _11_ seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes quite _12_ because the thinker suddenly sees something in a _13_ way. Sam suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum stuck to a brake. He immediately hits o
27、n the solution to his problem: he must _14_ the brake. Finally the solution is _15_. Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.()1.A.practice Bthinking Cunderstanding Dhelp()2.A.fail Bwork Cchange Ddevelop()3.A.ways Bconditions Cstages Dorders()4.A.explain
28、 Bprove Cshow Dsee()5.A.judge Bfind Cdescribe Dface()6.A.check Bdetermine Ccorrect Drecover()7.A.answers Bskills Cexplanation Dinformation()8.A.hopes Bargues Cdecides Dsuggests()9.A.In other words BOnce in a while CFirst of all DAt this time()10.A.discussing Bsettling down Ccomparing with Dstudying
29、()11.A.suggestion Bconclusion Cdecision Ddiscovery()12.A.unexpectedly Blate Cclearly Doften()13.A.simple Bdifferent Cquick Dsudden()14.A.clean Bseparate Cloosen Dremove()15.A.recorded Bcompleted Ctested Daccepted【解析】本文是一篇说明文，通过举例说明了解决问题的六大步骤。文章浅显易懂，逻辑性强。1Bwithout thinking意为“不假思索”。2A从上下句的关系看，它们是转折关系。
30、当这些方法都失败后人们就会开始分析。3C此处stage的意思是“步骤”。分析问题有六个步骤。4D此处see在这句话中意为“明白”。当Sam的自行车不能正常使用时，他应该明白自行车出了毛病。5B要解决问题，当然要找到问题所在。6Bdetermine意为“测定，找出”，与find out意思相同。7D根据下文Sam所做的事情可知，要了解问题的相关信息才能修理，所以选information。 8C结合逻辑在修自行车之前，要先“确定”是自行车的哪个部件出了问题。9D当Sam的自行车闸出了问题之后，这时他就可以进一步采取措施了。at this time意为“这时”；in other words意为“换句
31、话说”； once in a while意为“偶尔”；first of all意为“首先”。由句意及上下文可知选D。10D研究了问题后(人们)就可能提出一些解决建议。此处study不仅有“学习”的意思，还有“研究”的意思。11A其中一个建议会解决问题。根据上文可知选A。12A由下文suddenly可知。13B因为想解决问题的人突然发现了一些东西，直接就找到了症结所在，而这种方法与上文所述是不同的。14A去掉口香糖的方法是清理车闸。15C只有经过检验，才能证明解决问题的方法的正确性。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Below is a selection
32、 from a popular science book.If blood is red，why are veins(静脉) blue?Actually，veins are not blue at all.They are more of a clear，yellowish colour.Although blood looks red when its outside the body，when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin，its more of a dark reddish purple colour.At the
33、right depth，these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin，making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder，your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise，and sh
34、ifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But，in the long run，your brain probably tips it，because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart，and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.Why do teeth fall out，and why dont they grow b
35、ack in grownups?Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long；they fall out to make room for bigger，stronger adult teeth later on.Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged，decayed and infected by bacteria.Once this second set of teeth has grown in，youre done.When theyre gone，theyre gone.This is becaus
36、e nature figures youre set for life，and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no.Many people do get shorter as they age.But，when they do，it isnt because theyre shrinking all over.They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more
37、curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age，while women may lose 5 cm or more.If you live to be 200 years old，would you keep shrinking till you were，like 60 cm tall，like a litt
38、le boy again？No，because old people dont really shrink！It is not that they are growing backwardstheir legs，arms and backbones getting shorter.When they do get shorter，its because the spine has shortened a little.Or，more often，become more bent and curved.Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?Because y
39、our brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling.The brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmotionsensing organs in your inner ear，which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable.But，when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes o
40、ut of control，and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!Where do feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system.All mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs，cats，and humans.So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear，pain and pleasure
41、.But since human feelings also involve other，newer bits of the brain，we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.If exercise wears you out，how can it be good for you?Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.And as far as your body is concerned，its “use it，or lose it
42、”！Its not that exercise makes you healthy；its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.1What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?ABlue. BLight yellow.CRed. DDark reddish purple.解析细节理解题。根据第一个标题下的“.its more of a dark reddish purple col
43、our.”可知答案。答案D。2Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?ABecause their spine is in active use.BBecause they are more easily affected by gravity.CBecause they keep growing backwards.DBecause their spine becomes more bent.解析细节理解题。根据第四个标题下的“They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) be
44、comes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)”可知，老年人变矮是因为脊柱收缩和弯曲造成的。答案D。3Which of the following statements about our brain is true?AIn the long run，our brain probably works harder than our heart.BWhen our brain senses the spinning，we will feel dizzy.CThe brains of the ot
45、her mammals are as complex as those of humans.DOur feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.解析细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的第三句“But，in the long run，your brain.”可知答案为A项。此题最易误选B项，根据第五个标题下的最后一句可知，眩晕是由于 “你已经不动了，而你的大脑认为你还在动”的错觉引起的。答案A。4What is the main purpose of the selection?ATo give advice on how to stay healthy.BTo provide information about our body.CTo challenge new findings in medical research.DTo report the latest discoveries in medical science.解析写作意图题。考生易误选D项，但是在医学领域，概括失误。文章主要涉及我们身体的问题，包括身体的、情绪的等等。故选择B项较全面。答案B。
