1、定时训练(17)专题特训(阅读填空)Dogs are mans best friend.One way to show how much you love them is by building them a great doghouse of their very own.Make sure that your dog is safe，comfortable，and happy by following these tips when building your doghouse.Consider the breed of your dog.What your dog will need t
2、o have their doghouse equipped with depends largely on their breeds.If your dog has long or thick hair or is a traditionally “cold weather”breed like a Malamute or a Husky，they will need less protection from inclement weather than a smaller or shorter haired dog like a Chihuahua.If you are unsure or
3、 if your dog is a mixed breed，ask an expert about any special consideration that you might need to keep in mind when building a doghouse.Measure your dog.Your dog will reach an average height and weight when fullgrown depending on breeds.Even if you are building your doghouse while your dog is a pup
4、py，you will want to make sure that the doghouse will be a comfortable size once your pet is fullgrown.Imagine what size your dog will be when it is an adult and build your doghouse accordingly.Make it breathe.Enough ventilation is the most important feature of your doghouse.Even if the house is big
5、enough for your dog，little ventilation will make it uncomfortable for your dog.So consider using materials like wood that would allow air to move freely.Make sure the main door to the doghouse is large and able to be left open，and consider an extra window in one of the doghouses walls for extra air
6、and light.Keep it roomy.Your dog should have enough room in the doghouse to sit，stand up，and move around.Your dog will probably take toys，sticks or other things that it likes best to the doghouse，so make sure you leave room for these things，too.Choose a proper place for the doghouse.Keep the doghous
7、e off the ground.This keeps moisture away and keeps the dog comfortable and warm.答案1.building a doghouse2.meaning/purpose 3Equip4.unknown or mixed5.an adult dogs 6move freely7.An extra window/A window8.roomy(enough)/wide(enough)9.place10.keep moisture awayThe contemporary environmental movement is o
8、ften said to have begun with the publication of Silent Spring by the zoologist and biologist Rachel Carson(19071964)This landmark work，which took Carson 4 years to complete，diligently detailed the relationship between animal death and the usenow understood as the abuseof manmade chemicals used as pe
9、sticides，especially DDT.One of the claims of the book that she tried to demonstrate was that DDT had the effect of softening the eggshells of birds as well as interfering with their reproduction，and that such effects would lead to their extinction if use of DDT were to continue.It would eventually c
10、reate a springtime of silence when the songs of birds would not be heard.Her studies also found DDT to be a cause of human cancers.Born in Springdale，Pennsylvania，Carson graduated from the Pennsylvania College for Women in Pittsburgh(now Chatham College)，where she majored in English until her junior
11、 year，when a course in biology inspired her to switch to zoology as her field of concentration.She earned a masters degree in this area from Johns Hopkins University and became a biologist at the Bureau of Fisheries in 1936.During this time，she wrote for various national magazines，and her first book
12、，Under the SeaWind，was published.Carson had concerns as early as 1945 about pesticides being used more and more by the government.But her cautionary claims in Silent Spring were met with anger by the pesticide and chemical industries.Her authority as a scientist were challenged，and it was held that
13、her findings were just the roars of a hysterical(歇斯底里的)woman.She was even accused of being a member of the Communist Party.Some go so far as to say that she told a lie.But she is often celebrated as the founder of the contemporary US environmental movement.Yet her work in Silent Spring，warning about
14、 the misuse of pesticides and other chemicals，has not as yet taken firm hold.Americans likely use twice as much the volume of pesticides that they did at the time she published her seminal work，and globally，their use is ever increasing.Powerful pesticides are sold over the counter，and their use is s
15、o widespread that many environmentalists are fearful that chemical runoff into streams and rivers is still polluting the animals that humans eat and the water that they drink.In short，while the main purpose of Silent Spring was to warn the public of the dangers of the overuse of pesticides and chemi
16、cals，nonetheless the public hasnt refused such use.Isnt it time that we firmly said no to pesticides？Title：The _1_ of EnvironmentalismThe _2_：the publication of Silent SpringThe contentsOne of the claims of the book was that DDT had the effect on softening the eggshells of birds，interfering with the
17、ir reproduction and _3_The author_4_Her formal major：EnglishHer latter major：_5_Her first published book：_6_The present situationPesticides are still _7_，the volume of which is as twice as it wasPesticides are _8_ to homeownersChemical is still polluting the animals and _9_ConclusionWe should _10_ p
18、esticides答案1.History2.origin/beginning3.human cancers 4Rachel Carson5.Zoology6.Under the SeaWind 7overused8.available9.the water10.say no toA particular quirk(古怪举动)of Canadian education is that there isnt one system but 13.All 10 provinces and all 3 territories have the right to run their own educat
19、ion systems.Its established in the Constitution.This means there is no national standard.Nobody agrees on the grade at which one makes the transition from elementary to secondary school，nor on how many years schooling is compulsory，nor how many grades there should be before college or university，nor
20、 how schools should be funded.Families relocating often get a surprise when they are informed that the children will have to repeat a grade because the one they have just finished does not cover the required courses to pass into the next grade where they are now.Older children from isolated areas ma
21、y be sent away to boarding schools，but this practice is falling out of favor.These days children in a very small community are more likely to attend the same school from kindergarten to grade 12(13 in Ontario，11 in Quebec)In rural areas，pupils are taken to the nearest school in large yellow buses，so
22、me spending over an hour on the bus each way.Some never do a spot of homework at home because they always complete it on the bus.With the arrival of computers，highquality education has now become possible even in very remote areas.It also enables parents to educate their children at home.Colleges in
23、 Canada are sponsored by the state.Fully 75% of Canadian students go on after high school to some sort of further education.Having a university degree is fast becoming the minimum standard for employment but is far from a guarantee of a good job；those with a PhD in Philosophy，if not holding tenure a
24、t a university，are likely to be flipping burgers at a fastfood joint.Title：_1_Strange education system_2_Not one system but 13No national standard*No agreement on the grade at which one transfers from elementary to secondary school*No agreement on _3_*No agreement on _4_ before college or university
25、*No consensus about _5_ funding schools_6_*Older children from isolated areas studying in boarding schools*Children in a very small community _7_ the same school till Grade 12*Children in rural areas taken to the nearest school spending over an hour in large school buses _8_College education*Fully 7
26、5% high school students _9_*Getting a university degree becoming _10_ for employment答案1.Canadian Education/Education in Canada2Diversity/Variety3compulsory schooling duration/compulsory schooling years4the needed grades/the exact grades5the ways of6Phenomena/Facts/Current situation7likely attending8
27、finishing their homework/doing their homework9going to college/attending college10the minimum standardMillions of Chinese are struggling to fight the countrys worst floods in years，as heavy summer rains pour relentlessly across southern and central parts of the country.Meanwhile，tens of thousands of
28、 soldiers，police and civilian volunteers have spread across 10 provinces to rescue stranded residents and reinforce banks and dams.So far，China has avoided largescale damage，thanks to its generally effective response.Few countries in the world are able to muster the leadership，manpower，and resources
29、 needed to respond to natural disasters like this，but China is one of them.Beijing has put in place a topdown system that enables the government to respond quickly and effectively.It has also institutionalized close coordination among government ministries on the front line of disaster relief.China
30、has even set up a special office called “General Command Office to Prevent Flooding and Drought”under the State Council，Chinas cabinet.Ramsey Rayyis，regional representative of American Red Cross in China，had praise for the Chinese efforts.“From my experience，the Chinese government and the Chinese Re
31、d Cross are doing a commendable job in responding to emergencies，whether its flooding，earthquakes and other natural disasters.The recent flooding and earthquakes have shown they are able to respond efficiently and quickly，”he said.On the ground，China has put together a network of government function
32、aries and volunteers to perform disaster relief.Led by the Ministry of Civil Affairs，they form the backbone of grassroots operations that involve public participation through quasigovernment groups like the Chinese Red Cross and other nongovernmental organizations.China relies most heavily on the 2m
33、illionstrong Peoples Liberation Army(PLA)，a standing army that is highly disciplined and organized.The PLA is capable of sending contingents of soldiers whenever and wherever disasters strike.China also does a good job in using the media.Chinese officials also use media to assure the public.By givin
34、g prominence to the measures the government is taking，they are able to show that the government has everything under control.Chinas success in fighting _1_Reason for Chinas success in this：Its ability to muster the leadership，_2_ and resources needed to make _3_ response to disastersFactors to guara
35、ntee this：A _4_ enabling the government to respond quickly and effectivelyInstitutionalized close coordination among _5_ for disaster reliefA _6_ for general command in flood and drought preventionA network of government functionaries and _7_ for disaster relief，involving groups and organizations li
36、ke the _8_，other nongovernmental organizations and _9_Good use of _10_ to assure the public that the government is keeping everything under control答案1.natural disasters2.manpower3.effective and quick4.topdown system5.government ministries 6special office7.volunteers8.Chinese Red Cross9PLA10.the media