1、定时训练(15)专题特训(阅读理解)(2014浙江五校联盟模拟)Space invadersA normal conversation between strangers involves more than talk.It also involves the dynamics of space interaction.If one person gets too close，the other person will back up.If the first person invades the others space again，the other person will back up
2、 again.The person who finds himself backing up is trying to increase the distance of the comfort zone.The person closing in is trying to decrease that distance.Most likely neither person is fully aware of what is going on.In the 1960s，American anthropologist Edward THall was a pioneer in the study o
3、f human behavioral use of space.His field of study became known as proxemics(空间关系学)Hall said that personal space for people in the United States can be defined as having four distinct zones：the intimate zone within 18 inches of your body，for whispering and embracing；the personal zone of 18 inches to
4、 four feet，for talking with close friends；the social zone of four to 10 feet，for conversing with acquaintance；and the public zone of 10 to 25 feet，for interaction with strangers or talking to a group.Historians say that our standards of personal space began with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th
5、 century.In cities such as London and New York，people of different social and economic classes were suddenly crammed together，so they unconsciously developed a commonly understood code of politeness to restrict the space around them.People exhibit nonverbal messages of discomfort when their zones ar
6、e violated.Invaded people might tap their toes，pull at their hair，and they might become completely rigid，or even become angry.As Hall noted in his landmark work，a comfortable conversation needs to include the parameters(规范)of human personal space.1This passage is mostly about_Awhat nonverbal communi
7、cationBhuman conversationCthe life of Edward THallDhuman behavioral use of space解析主旨大意题。本篇文章每段基本都出现比较关键的space这个单词，而且从阅读中可以发现指的是人与人交流时的空间位置感。因此选择D项。答案D2Edward THall defined_Ainteractions between strangersBangry peopleCfour zones of personal spaceDthe Industrial Revolution解析细节理解题。由文章第二段第三句可知答案。答案C3If
8、you and a close friend began talking when you were eight feet apart，you would probably soon_Amove closer togetherBmove farther apartCbegin talking more softlyDask another friend to join in the conversation解析细节理解题。根据第二段“the personal zone of 18 inches to four feet，for talking with close friends”可知好朋友之
9、间交谈时的空间距离是18英寸到4英尺，因此在离8英尺远时应走近一些。故选A项。答案A4The third paragraph provides_Aa historical perspective on personal spaceBan economic reason for personal spaceCan overview of Edward THalls field of studyDa definition of personal space解析推理判断题。第三段第一句说这是历史学家的观点，而后从历史的角度来说明空间感的发展。A项指的是从历史的角度看个人空间感。答案A5The wor
10、d “dynamics” means “_”AdifficultiesBforces or influences that cause changeClargenessDexplosions so large that they are beyond belief解析词义猜测题。此句为文章的主题句，在理解了全文之后，可知文章在说明人在交谈的过程中，个人空间位置的动态变化。故选B。答案B(2014山东高考命题研究专家原创卷)Foxes have become a part of life in Britains urban areas.They are striking creatures bu
11、t they are also dangerous.Three years ago，twin baby girls Isabella and Lola Koupparis were left with arm and face injuries after they were attacked by a fox while they were sleeping at their home.Last week，fourweekold baby boy Denny Dolan was bitten by a fox which entered his home.After gaining acce
12、ss to the home through the front door，the fox pulled the baby down from the sofa and tried to drag him outside，biting him and almost severing(割断)his finger.Although fox attacks on humans are still very rare，they will become more common if we dont change our behaviour towards these increasingly fearl
13、ess animals.It is humans rather than foxes that are responsible for rising fox attacks on humans.On the one hand，people who love foxes treat these wild animals like pets，leaving food out for foxes，feeding them from their hands，and even inviting foxes into their home.The result is that the fox is mor
14、e brazen(厚颜无耻的)and less inclined to avoid us.It is those people who feed foxes that cause foxes to lose their fear of humans.However，as long as they have a healthy fear of humans，they wont bother humans.On the other hand，foxes have moved into cities for lack of resources in rural areas.We take away
15、their natural habitat to build more houses and factories.Foxes have no choice but to live and search for food in the city.If they live in the forest，no fox attack will happen.We have to learn to share the earth with animals and let foxes return to their natural habitat.We also have to learn to look
16、upon foxes as wild animals.We have to remember that they are instinctive killers，efficient and silent with only one purpose，kill to eat.We must certainly not intervene them，even when they look starved.They are hungry for a reason.The hunger will force them to hunt for rabbits and other animals inste
17、ad of waiting for food at your door.6We can learn from the passage that_Ait is common for people to spot foxes in British citiesBit is very difficult for people to raise foxes as petsCit is common for foxes to attack a child in Britains urban areasDit is very dangerous for foxes to live in Britains
18、urban areas解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，在英国城市里见到狐狸很普遍。答案A7Why do more and more foxes flood into cities?ABecause urban people love the cute animal.BBecause foxes lack natural resources in the forest.CBecause no houses are built for them in the forest.DBecause their habitats are occupied by other animals.解析细节理解
19、题。 根据第四段第一句可知，狐狸涌入城市的原因是它们在农村地区缺少生存的资源。答案B8According to the author，what is the result of treating foxes like pets?AFoxes will get milder and milder.BFoxes will become fearless to humans.CFoxes will leave their natural habitat.DFoxes will not bother humans any longer.解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，人把狐狸当宠物对待的结果
20、是狐狸变得不再怕人。答案B9We can learn from the passage that the author_Ais very cruel to foxes Bis a wild animal loverCis concerned about foxes Dis against feeding foxes解析细节理解题。根据最后一段可以看出作者是反对给狐狸喂食的。答案D10What is the main idea of the passage?AIt is humans rather than foxes that are to blame for the rising fox a
21、ttacks on humans.BPeople in cities must certainly not feed foxes，even when they look starved.CHuman beings have to learn to live in harmony with wild animals in cities.DFoxes in British cities are striking creatures but they are also dangerous animals.解析主旨大意题。本文主要说明了狐狸伤人事件增多的现象并分析了其原因，最后得出结论：人类要为增多的
22、狐狸伤人事件负全责。答案A(2013广州市调研)As thousands of communities in the USAespecially in the Southbecame booming gateways for immigrant families from Central and South America during the 1990s and the early years of the new century，public schools struggled with the unfamiliar task of serving the large number of
23、English learners arriving in their classrooms.Education programs needed to be built_from_scratch“We had no teaching resources suitable for English learners here before.We had to develop them all ourselves.” a Texas principal said.Throughout the country，districts had to train their own teachers to te
24、ach English to nonnative speakers or recruit teachers from elsewhere.School staff members had to figure out how to communicate with parents who didnt speak English.But even as immigration has slowed or stopped in many places，and instructional programs for English learners have matured，serving immigr
25、ant families and their children remains work in progress in many public schools，especially those in communities that are skeptical，or sometimes unwelcoming，to the newcomers.One of the biggest challenges educators face is communicating effectively with parents who dont speak Englishan issue that，in p
26、art，has contributed to recent complaints of discrimination by Latino students in some cities.“The parents role is very important for the success of these students，but its also one of the most difficult things weve had to tackle，” said James DRollins，the president of the Springdale School District，wh
27、ere the 19，000student school system has gone from having no English learners 15 years ago to more than 7，500 now.“You have to make it a priority and work on it.”Aside from the practical challenges，such as finding bilingual(会说两种语言的)staff members，guiding districts through such dramatic changes require
28、s school leaders to bridge difficult political and cultural divide.For school leaders in the South.especially in the last few years，this difficult job has been made harder by the negative attitudes of some locals towards immigrants.11According to the passage，what is the problem that public schools a
29、re facing?AHandling more cases from the immigrant Mexican communities.BOffering services to immigrant families in the southern states.COffering enough communicative lessons to immigrant parents.DProviding education for nonnative English learners.解析细节理解题。由第一段可知，美国南部的公立学校面临着难以为日益增加的不懂英语的移民子女提供足够的语言教育资
30、源的问题。答案D12The underlined part “built from scratch” in Paragraph 2 probably means“_”Acompletely newBpainful to makeCbased on past experienceDconstructed gradually解析词义猜测题。由画线部分后面的内容可以看出当地的教育主管部门面对这一状况毫无经验，只能独立研究解决。故答案为A项。答案A13What is one of the things the school leaders have done to deal with the prob
31、lem?AProvide more Spanishonly classes.BInvite more teachers from other places.CTrain their teachers to speak Spanish.DEmploy bilingual parents as parttime teachers.解析细节理解题。由第二段可知，当地的教育主管部门除了培训本地教师，还从其他地区引进教师。答案B14What do we know about the immigrant parents?AMany of them cannot speak English.BMost of
32、 them think education is not important.CSome of them feel skeptical about the local community.DFew of them have attended American schools.解析推理判断题。由第三段可推知，很多移民家庭中的家长不会说英语。答案A15According to Paragraph 3，what has caused some of the recent complaints by Latino students?ADiscrimination by schools.BUnfriendliness of the locals.CMiscommunication with parents.DPoor government service.解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知答案为C项。答案C