1、专题20 阅读综合演练（2）1Grandma was going to turn eighty-two on Friday. I heard Mom ordering a cake from the bakery over the phone. “Dont put any icing on it,” she said, “Just a plain angel cake.” Angel cake with fresh strawberries was her favorite. So Mum was ready.That afternoon when Dad came home, he show
2、ed me the phone he had bought for Grandma. “It has speed-dialing,” he said. “She wont have to push so many buttons when she calls the doctors office or her sister.” Dad looked pleased. “Her fingers are so stiff with arthritis ( 关节炎)that the phone seems a good idea.”But what about me? Here I was with
3、 only one dollar in my pocket and one night to think of a gift. Even though Mom always insisted that “its the thought that counts,” I had a big problem. My mind was even more empty of ideas than my wallet was empty of money.When I have a problem, it sometimes helps to shoot a few baskets in the driv
4、eway. Dribble( 运球), shoot, rebound.For a while I just played without even trying to think. I began to remember back before Granddad died. When we used to visit them in Kentucky, Granddad showed me how to do a jump shot. Thinking about Granddad made me sigh. Grandmas life was a lot happier when he wa
5、s alive.Swish! Id made two in a row.Suddenly, I remembered a green glass dish in the shape of a leaf that Grandma used to keep on a table back in Kentucky. It was always full of those red-and-white-striped peppermint candies（薄荷糖）. I hadnt thought of that dish for a long time. Maybe it was lost or br
6、oken when Dad rented the truck and brought Grandma and the belongings to Ohio.Just thinking about that candy dish made me taste the peppermint slowly dissolving on my tongue. I could almost hear Grandma saying，“Help yourself to a piece of peppermint, Burt.” That voice had a smile behind it. It was a
7、 voice I hadnt heard for a long time.Aha! I took one last shot, then dribbled to the back door, ran up the steps two at a time, and grabbed my wallet.1.What do you know about the authors grandma?A.She has difficulty moving fingers.B.She loves high-tech products.C.She doesnt like a plain cake.D.She h
8、as a sweet tooth.2.What does the underlined word “dissolving” mean in the last paragraph but one?A.Melting.B.Spreading.C.Sinking.D.Covering.3.What would the writer probably buy in the end?A.Something to contain candies.B.Something bringing good memories.C.Something convenient to use.D.Something to G
9、randmas taste.4.What is the best title of the text?A.The Good Old DaysB.The Gift of GratitudeC.The Thought That CountsD.The Inspiration from Basketball【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者给奶奶准备生日礼物的故事。1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Her fingers are so stiff with arthritis (关节炎) that the phone seems a good idea.（她的手
10、指因关节炎而僵硬，所以这个电话作为礼物似乎是个很好的主意。）”可知奶奶的手指动起来有困难。故选A。2.词义猜测题。画线句“Just thinking about that candy dish made me taste the peppermint slowly dissolving on my tongue. （一想到那盘糖果，我就尝到了在舌头上慢慢溶解的薄荷味。）”中的“taste the peppermint（尝到了薄荷味）”可知糖在舌头融化，所以“dissolving ”的意义为“融化”，故选A。3.推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Thinking about Granddad ma
11、de me sigh. Grandmas life was a lot happier when he was alive.（想到爷爷，我不禁叹了口气。他活着的时候奶奶的生活要快乐得多。）”结合倒数第二段“Just thinking about that candy dish made me taste the peppermint slowly dissolving on my tongue. I could almost hear Grandma saying，“Help yourself to a piece of peppermint, Burt.” That voice had a
12、smile behind it. It was a voice I hadnt heard for a long time.（一想到那盘糖果，我就尝到了在舌头上慢慢溶解的薄荷味。我几乎能听到奶奶说:“吃块薄荷吧，Burt。”那声音背后带着微笑。那是一个我很久没有听到的声音。）”可知作者想起了以前的欢乐的事情，一些具有从前记忆的东西也许能让奶奶开心，可推测作者最后会去买带来美好回忆的东西作为礼物。故选B。4.主旨大意题。根据第三段“But what about me? Here I was with only one dollar in my pocket and one night to th
13、ink of a gift. Even though Mom always insisted that “its the thought that counts,”（但是我呢?我只有一美元在我的口袋和一个晚上想一件礼物。尽管妈妈总是坚持认为“心意才是最重要的”，）”可知作者想要给奶奶买礼物，但是钱不够，妈妈的观点是“心意是最重要的”，结合下文作者想了很久才想到带着美好记忆的礼物，可知“心意才是最重要的”适合做本文的标题，故选C。2Setting goals is common in our life. We look ahead, predict what may make us happy
14、in the future, and then narrow down the things to something specific. For the most part, having goals is better than not having any, but there are also problems that come with spending an entire life living from goal to goal.For one thing, we try to predict an unpredictable future. Who is to say tha
15、t what you want next year is the same thing you want right now? What if what you want right now isnt in the right direction over the long term?Secondly, and just as importantly, you only confine your expectations of happiness and satisfaction to the goal you have set so that you often forget that ot
16、her things in your life can also add just as much joy to your experience. This creates a strange problem.To solve this problem, we have to move towards something more unclear. Going after interestingness. I think, is what we should do.Interestingness doesnt mean looking for pleasure only. Its deeper
17、 than that. Its doing that random (随机的) project you had no plan to do because you have a feeling that you might just learn something you didnt know about yourself. Its seeing a person you just met not as a possible partner or someone who can do something for you but simply as someone who may open a
18、new, unknown and unique world for you.Goals incorrectly assume (假设) that we already know what we want. Interestingness is more modest. It makes up its mind as it moves, slowly blowing from one thing to another, until it catches something that lies beyond prediction at last.5.Setting goals is to pred
19、ict an unpredictable future because _.A.it ignores possible changes in our lifeB.it proves meaningless in the long runC.it may lead us to the opposite directionD.it fails to reach our true possibilities6.What does the underlined word “Confine” probably mean in the third paragraph?A.Devote.B.Limit.C.
20、Deliver.D.Compare.7.Whats the benefit of going after interestingness?A.Bringing us self satisfaction at once.B.Improving our relationship with others.C.Making us gain something unexpected.D.Helping us successfully predict the future.8.Whats the purpose of the text?A.To ease our worry about the futur
21、e.B.To express a new thought on setting goals.C.To point out disadvantages of an aimless life.D.To recommend a new way of achieving success.【答案】5.A6.B7.C8.B【分析】本文是一篇议论文。人们都认为确立明确的目标很重要，但是文章从另一个角度阐述了设定目标带来的种种问题以及解决措施。5.细节理解题。根据第二段中 “Who is to say that what you want next year is the same thing you wan
22、t right now? What if what you want right now isnt in the right direction over the long term?”(谁能说你明年想要的和你现在想要的一样？如果你现在想要的东西长期来看方向不对呢？两个问句可知,设定目标忽视了我们生活中会发生的变化，所以它其实是在预测不可预测的。故选A。6.词义猜测题。根据该画线词所在句中“. so that you often forget that other things in your life can also add just as much joy to your experie
23、nce. ”(以至于你忘记了生活中的其他东西也能给你的经历带来同样的快乐)可知,设定目标会让我们把开心与满足局限在这一个目标上，而忘了还有一些别的事也能带给我们同样的快乐，B选项limit的意思是限制，符合题意，故选B。7.细节理解题。根据“until it eventually grasps something that lies beyond prediction.”(直到最后捕捉到无法预测的东西)可知，追求趣味性能让我们有意外的收获。故选C。8.推理判断题。从文章第一段的最后一句“For the most part, having goals is better than not hav
24、ing any, but there are also problems that come with spending an entire life living from goal to goal.”(大多数情况下，有目标比没有好，但是在一个又一个的目标中度过一生也会带来一些问题。)可知，文章是在讲述一种新的观点：设定目标会带来的问题，且最后一段用 “Goals incorrectly assume (假设) that we already know what we want”(目标让我们错误地以为我们已得到了我们想要的东西。)作总结，再次指出目标会带来问题，并不像大家所想的有很多好处，即
25、对设定目标的新看法。B选项 “To express a new thought on setting goals.”一种设定目标的新看法，为短文的目的。故选B。3A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating(浮动的) plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device(设备) to catch plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans.Boyan
26、 Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also set up an environmental group called “The Ocean Cleanup”. Its purpose is to develop the system. Last year, Slat showed the next step: a floating device called Interceptor. It takes plastic out of rivers. T
27、he device is powered by energy from the sun. “The 1,000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of plastic going into the worlds oceans,” said Slat. Three of the machines have already been used. Each machine costs about $ 775,660, but the cost might drop as production increases.Since they were used, th
28、e machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close “the tap”, which means stopping more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place. He wanted to clean them all in the next five years. “This is no
29、t going to be easy, but if we do get this done, we could truly make our oceans again,” said Slat.The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in the front of the dev
30、ice. The waste is then carried inside the machine where it is dropped into containers(容器). The device sends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full.9.What do we know about Interceptor?A.It hasnt been used yet.B.It can help sort waste.C.It is mainly used under the
31、 sea.D.It needs energy from the sun to work.10.What is the devices nose used to do?A.To empty the waste.B.To serve as containers.C.To ensure(确保) the devices safety.D.To send operators text messages.11.What would be the best title for the text?A.A floating device for catching plastic waste.B.A young
32、well-known Dutch inventor.C.A system for making rivers safe.D.An environmental group called the Ocean Cleanup.12.Where is the text most likely from?A.A diary.B.A dictionary.C.A travel brochure.D.A magazine.【答案】9.D10.C11.A12.D【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了荷兰一位年轻的发明家发明的一个浮动的可以采集塑料垃圾的设备。9.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The device i
33、s powered by energy from the sun.”可知，这个装置是由太阳能驱动的，故选D项。10.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things. （这个装置被设计成在河流中是安全的。这个装置的“鼻子”可以改变方向，使它远离较大的漂浮物。）”可知，这个装置的“鼻子”使这个装置远离较大的漂浮物，以确保它的安全，故选C项。11.主旨大意题。根据
34、第一段中的“A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating(浮动的) plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device(设备) to catch plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans.”可知，荷兰一位年轻的发明家发明了一个浮动的可以采集塑料垃圾的设备；第二段“Last year, Slat showed the next step: a fl
35、oating device called Interceptor. It takes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun”提到了这个装置的工作原理等；第三段“Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers”提到，这个装置的应用情况；第四段“The device is designed to b
36、e safe in rivers.”提到这个装置的安全问题。所以A项A floating device for catching plastic waste(收集塑料废物的浮动装置)为短文最佳标题，故选A项。12.推理判断题。要介绍了荷兰一位年轻的发明家发明的一个浮动的可以采集塑料垃圾的设备。所以短文是关于发明创造和环保的体裁。由此推断出本文出自杂志，故选D项。4Have you ever wondered how your favorite NBA team received its famous name? All NBA teams have an interesting story o
37、r a history behind their names. Some of the names reflect the citys culture or history, others came from previous owners and many were selected through“Name the Team” contests. For teams like Los Angeles and Utah, the names were not always a reflection of the city. Even though Los Angeles has no lak
38、es, the Laker name has been a city treasure for almost 40 years. Before going to Los Angeles, the team originated in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In 1948, team officials chose the name for its direct relationship to the states motto, “The Land of 10,000 Lakes.” The team name went unchanged after moving t
39、o Los Angeles in 1960.Because Utahs team originated in New Orleans, Louisiana, it was called the Jazz. In 1974, New Orleans club officials chose the name to represent (代表) the city for its reputation as the “jazz capital of the world.”The name stayed with the team even after finding a new home in Sa
40、lt Lake City, Utah in 1979.The Chicago Bulls original owner, Richard Klein, named the team the Bulls. He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless, and never gives up. Klein, who founded the club in 1966, believed these qualities were necessary for a championship team and hoped his Chica
41、go athletes would live up to the team name. It is a belief that Bulls-winner of the six NBA championships-have definitely followed.In 1967, the Indian Pacers selected their team name in a different way from most other teams. Their decision was based on what they wanted to accomplish in the NBA.Team
42、officials chose the Pacers name because the organization wanted to set the “pace” in professional basketball.13.Which can be the best title for this passage?A.History of NBAB.Interesting Stories about NBAC.Famous NBA TeamsD.Stories behind the names of NBA Teams14.Los Angeles team is named “the Laker
43、” because _.A.the team got this name in another city, which had a lot of lakesB.it was named after a city treasureC.Los Angeles is a city of lakesD.the name was selected from a “Name the Team” contest15.“Jazz capital of the world” refers to _.A.Salt Lake CityB.New OrleansC.Los AngelesD.Minneapolis16
44、.Richard Klein named Chicagos team “the Bulls” mainly because _.A.he had expected the success of the teamB.people in Chicago used to like watching bull fightingC.Chicago was then a city famous for fighting bullsD.he wished the team to have the qualities of fighting bulls【答案】13.D14.A15.B16.D【分析】本文是一篇
45、说明文，本文主要介绍NBA球队的队名背后的故事，在后四段里分别介绍了“洛杉矶湖人队、犹他爵士队、芝加哥公牛队和印第安纳步行者队”这四个队名的历史由来。13.主旨大意题。根据文章前两句“Have you ever wondered how your favorite NBA team received its famous name? All NBA teams have an interesting story or a history behind their names.( 你有没有想过你最喜欢的NBA球队的名字是怎么来的?所有NBA球队的名字背后都有一个有趣的故事或历史。)”可知本文主要
46、介绍NBA球队的队名背后的故事，在后四段里分别介绍了“洛杉矶湖人队、犹他爵士队、芝加哥公牛队和印第安纳步行者队”这四个队名的历史由来。故“NBA球队名字背后的故事”可作为本篇的最佳标题。故选D。14.细节理解题。根据第二段三四句“Before going to Los Angeles, the team originated in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In 1948, team officials chose the name for its direct relationship to the states motto, The Land of 10,000 La
47、kes.（在前往洛杉矶之前，该队从明尼苏达州的明尼阿波利斯出发。1948年，该队的官员选择了这个名字，因为它与该州的座右铭“万湖之地”(the Land of 10,000 Lakes)有直接关系。）”可知湖人队在搬到洛杉矶之前是在明尼苏达的Minneapolis城，这个地方有很多湖泊，由此得名为湖人队，后来才搬到洛杉矶。故选A。15.细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Because Utahs team originated in New Orleans, Louisiana, it was called the Jazz. In 1974, New Orleans club officials
48、 chose the name to represent the city for its reputation as the jazz capital of the world.（因为爵士队起源于路易斯安那州的新奥尔良，所以被称为爵士队。1974年，新奥尔良俱乐部官方选择这个名字来代表这座享有“世界爵士乐之都”美誉的城市。）”可知，犹他爵士队原来是在路易斯安娜的新奥尔良市，他们取名爵士是为了纪念新奥尔良市作为世界爵士乐之都的荣耀。故选B。16.推理判断题。根据第四段二三句“He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless, an
49、d never quits. Klein, who founded the club in 1966, believed these qualities were necessary for a championship team and hoped his Chicago athletes would live up to the team name.( 他选择这个名字是因为斗牛是无情的，永不放弃。Klein在1966年创立了该俱乐部，他相信这些品质对于一支冠军球队来说是必要的，并希望他的芝加哥运动员能够名符其实。)”可推知，Klein选择公牛为名是希望这支球队能够像公牛一样永不放弃追求胜利
50、。故选D。5We all know that little excitement from creating a popular post on Facebook. Watching the number of likes can be both attractive and addictive.That same buzz (兴奋) can have its disadvantages, though. We all know the feeling of watching other peoples posts get unending positive feedback. We tell
51、 ourselves that the only reason why these people are getting attention is that theyre popular and good-looking. We sink into self-loathing (自我讨厌) and comparison. Therefore, after experimenting with hiding likes on Instagram in select countries, Facebook is exploring doing the same on its main platfo
52、rm.That Facebook is considering this is encouraging. After years of appearing to ignore criticism about its effects on society, the company finally seems to be listening. However, there is a basic conflict between Facebooks business model and its new-found altruism (利己主义). Relying on Facebook to loo
53、k after its users mental health is a bit like asking McDonalds to keep its customers blood pressure under control: At some point, a companys need to make money is not in line with its supposed desire to do good.The problem with likes is that they mark out how successful or happy others are, which in
54、 turn can promote a feeling of envy and insecurity. Its a real phenomenon. However, Facebook would certainly want you to post things that get more likes. The companys success relies upon you posting more and encouraging more “engagement” from other people so that the value of Facebooks targeted ad b
55、usiness increase.Facebooks reliance on engagement is deep-rooted, and it destroys a supposed desire to prevent the platform from encouraging envy. Without a doubt, hiding likes can have some benefit, but the way Facebook is built means that this will always be a small step at best.17.Why does Facebo
56、ok try hiding likes on its main platform?A.To catch more users eyes.B.To reduce envy from other people.C.To speed the operation of the platform.D.To encourage users posting positive things.18.What can we infer from the comparison between Facebook and McDonalds?A.Facebook focuses more on the users in
57、terests.B.Facebook cares less about users mental health.C.Facebook makes a lot of money from the users.D.Facebook does better than McDonalds in service.19.What does more “engagement” mean to Facebook according to paragraph 4?A.The growth of value.B.More users needs.C.The increases of desire.D.More u
58、sers security.20.What is the authors attitude towards Facebooks hiding likes?A.Critical.B.Positive.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.C【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者对Facebook在其平台上“隐藏赞”这一行为进行了客观的分析和评价。17.细节理解题。根据第二段中“We sink into self-loathing (自我讨厌) and comparison. Therefore, after experimenting with hidi
59、ng likes on Instagram in select countries, Facebook is exploring doing the same on its main platform.”可知，我们陷入自我厌恶和攀比之中。因此，在某些国家试验了在Instagram上隐藏“喜欢”之后，Facebook正在探索在其主要平台上做同样的事情。由此可知，Facebook试图在其主要平台上隐藏“喜欢”，以减少其他人的嫉妒。故选B项。18.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Relying on Facebook to look after its users mental health is a
60、bit like asking McDonalds to keep its customers blood pressure under control: At some point, a companys need to make money is not in line with its supposed desire to do good.”可知，依赖Facebook来照顾用户的心理健康，有点像要求麦当劳控制顾客的血压：在某种程度上，一家公司赚钱的需要与它理应做善事的愿望是不一致的。因此，我们从Facebook和麦当劳的对比中可以看出，Facebook不太关心用户的心理健康。故选B项。1
61、9.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The companys success relies upon you posting more and encouraging more “engagement” from other people so that the value of Facebooks targeted ad business increase.”可知，公司的成功依赖于你发布更多的信息并鼓励更多的人参与进来，这样Facebook的目标广告业务的价值才会增加。由此可知，更多用户的engagement，对于Facebook来说意味着更高的商业价值。故选A项。20.推理判断题。A. Cri
62、tical批评的；B. Positive.积极的；C. Objective.客观的；D. Indifferent.中立的。根据文章最后一句“Without a doubt, hiding likes can have some benefit, but the way Facebook is built means that this will always be a small step at best.(毫无疑问，隐藏“赞”会有一些好处，但Facebook的构建方式意味着这充其量只是一小步)”可知，作者对Facebook的行为给与了肯定，但是又根据其构建方式来评论其行为只是一小步。由此可知
63、，作者的观点非常客观。故选C项。6Kings Point (Canada) (AFP) At dusk, tourists arc amazed at the breakdown of an iceberg at the end of its long journey from Greenland to Canadas cast coast, which now has a front row scat to the melting (触化）of the Arctics ice.While the rest of the world nervously eyes the effect of g
64、lobal warming, melting icebergs have breathed new life into the far coastal villages of Newfoundland and Labrador.Once a center of cod (鳕鱼) fishing, the province now plays host to large groups of photographers and tourists hoping to sec the breathtaking ice melt. As winter ends, iceberg finding begi
65、ns. The increase in tourism around here in the past 10 to 15 years has been unbelievable. Last year, a total of 500,000 tourists visited Newfoundland and Labrador, a number almost as large as the provinces total population. Those visitors spent nearly $433 million, government numbers show. The touri
66、sm boom has helped solve the decrease in the regions traditional fishing industry, which is in crisis (危机) because of overfishing at the end of the last century.But under the shiny surface of economic success is the dark truth that the area is in part profiting from global warming. The Arctic is war
67、ming three limes faster than the rest of the world. In mid-July, record temperatures were recorded near the North Pole. In recent years, the icebergs have traveled further and further south. For now, tourists arc enjoying the view and the experience while they can.Laurent Lucazcau, a 34-year-old Fre
68、nch tourist, said seeing an iceberg was upsetting. “It is a picture of global warming to see icebergs making it to these places where the water is warm,” he told AFP. “Theres something mysterious and impressive about it, but knowing too that they arc not supposed to be here makes you wonder, and its
69、 a little scary.”21.What can we learn about the tourism in Newfoundland and Labrador?A.It benefits local economy.B.It bothers local people.C.It prevents global warming.D.It hurts the fishing industry.22.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.The total number of tourists
70、 is the same as the provinces total population.B.The shiny economic success is more important than global warming.C.All of the tourists arc enjoying the view along Canadas cast coast.D.In mid-July, the Arctic is much warmer than ever before.23.What can be inferred from Laurent Lucazcaus words?A.Summ
71、er is coming to an end in Kings Point.B.New icebergs will form along the Canadian coast.C.Visitors dont know why icebergs come down south.D.The view is a sign of serious environmental problems.【答案】21.A22.D23.D【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了当世界其他地区紧张地注视着全球变暖的影响时，融化的冰山为遥远的沿海村庄纽芬兰和拉布拉多注入了新的活力，促进了其经济的发展，但可能会带来严重的环境问
72、题。21.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Once a center of cod (鳕鱼) fishing, the province now plays host to large groups of photographers and tourists hoping to sec the breathtaking ice melt. As winter ends, iceberg finding begins. The increase in tourism around here in the past 10 to 15 years has been unbelievable. Last
73、year, a total of 500,000 tourists visited Newfoundland and Labrador, a number almost as large as the provinces total population. Those visitors spent nearly $433 million, government numbers show.”可知，该省曾经是捕鳕鱼的中心，现在却接待了大批摄影师和游客，希望借此见证这场惊心动魄的冰川融化。随着冬天的结束，冰山的发现开始了。在过去10到15年里，这里旅游业的增长令人难以置信。去年，共有50万游客参观了
74、纽芬兰和拉布拉多，这个数字几乎和该省总人口一样多。政府数据显示，这些游客花费了近4.33亿美元。因此可以看出，关于纽芬兰和拉布拉多的旅游业，我们可以了解到，有益于当地经济。故选A。22.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The Arctic is warming three limes faster than the rest of the world. In mid-July, record temperatures were recorded near the North Pole.”可知，北极变暖的速度比世界其他地区快三倍。7月中旬，北极附近出现了创纪录的气温。因此可以看出，7月中旬，北极比以
75、前更暖是正确的选项。故选D。23.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is a picture of global warming to see icebergs making it to these places where the water is warm”可知，看到冰山流向水温很高的地方，这是一幅全球变暖的图景。再结合“Theres something mysterious and impressive about it, but knowing too that they are not supposed to be here makes you wonder, and its a
76、little scary.”可知，这里面有一些神秘和令人印象深刻的东西，但它们不应该出现在这里，这让你感到奇怪，这有点可怕。因此可以看出，Laurent Lucazcau 认为冰山融化，全球变暖，会出现一些由于变暖不该出现的东西，所以环境问题将会严重，因此从Laurent Lucazcau 的话中可以看出，这个景象是严重环境问题的迹象。故选D。7Picture this: Youre searching the Internet and come across a website with interesting articles. Some are news stories. Their g
77、oal is to share information. Others only look like news stories. Theyre actually advertisements, or ads. The goal of an ad is to get you to buy something. How do you, the reader, tell the difference between a news story and an ad?Back when I was growing up, it was easier. We got most of our informat
78、ion from newspapers. Big news stories appeared on the front page, and ads were boxed off and clearly labeled. But on the Internet, the two are often presented together. It can be hard to tell which is which.Thats why the research group I direct conducted a study. My research team showed kids like yo
79、u the home page of a popular digital magazine. We asked them to tell us what was a news story and what was an ad. Most were great at identifying certain types of ads. “It has a coupon code, a big company logo, and the words limited time offer,” one student wrote about an ad on the site. So where did
80、 kids get stumped?Some ads seem the same as real news stories. They have headlines and contain information. But they may also include the words sponsored content. Sponsored means “paid for,” and content refers to the information in the story. “Sponsored content” is a way of saying that something is
81、an ad. Most kids in our study, even if they used the Internet often, didnt know this.Just because something is sponsored doesnt necessarily mean its false. It means someone paid money for it to appear. Companies pay so that readers will see their stories, buy their products, and like what the compan
82、y stands for.As a reader, you have a right to know whos behind the information youre consuming. So look for the phrase sponsored content. (And look carefully. Sometimes, it will be written in tiny letters.) The Internet is a vast sea of information. To use it well, we not only have to know how to sw
83、im but also how to avoid the sharks. Learning to tell the difference between an ad and a news story is an important step to becoming Internet smart.24.The purpose of the first paragraph is to _.A.tell the difference between a news story and an adB.criticize the websites for too many ads on themC.sho
84、w the writers preference for newspapersD.make readers interested and involved in what is going to be talked about25.Sponsored content means _.A.the website gets paid for allowing something to appear on itB.something is falseC.something isnt necessarily an adD.readers have to buy the products adverti
85、sed on the website26.What does “sharks” in the last paragraph refer to?A.Fierce sea animals.B.Very bad people on the Internet.C.Unwanted information.D.Websites which contain ads.27.Which is the best title?A.Watch Out for Traps on the InternetB.Make the Most of the InternetC.Be Internet SmartD.Be Awa
86、re of Your Rights【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了读者上网时会碰到新闻报道和广告，读者要学会分辨新闻报道和广告之间的区别。24.推理判断题。根据第一段的内容“Picture this: Youre searching the Internet and come across a website with interesting articles. Some are news stories. Their goal is to share information. Others only look like news stories. T
87、heyre actually advertisements, or ads. The goal of an ad is to get you to buy something. How do you, the reader, tell the difference between a news story and an ad?（想象一下：你在互联网上搜索，发现一个网站上有有趣的文章。有些是新闻故事，他们的目标是分享信息。其他的只是看起来像新闻故事，他们实际上是广告。广告的目标是让你买些东西。你，读者，如何说出在新闻报道和广告之间的区别？）”再结合文章主要是为了让作者能够区分新闻和广告，可推知第
88、一段的目的是让读者对将要谈论的话题感兴趣并参与其中。故选D。25.推理判断题。根据第四段的“Sponsored means “paid for,” and content refers to the information in the story. （赞助的意思是“付费的”，内容指的是故事里的信息）”以及“Sponsored content is a way of saying that something is an ad”（“赞助内容”是一种表示某物是广告的方式）可推知，Sponsored content（赞助内容）指的是需要付费阅读的内容。即，一个网站因允许某些东西出现在上面而得到报酬
89、。故选A。26.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“So look for the phrase sponsored content. The Internet is a vast sea of information. To use it well, we not only have to know how to swim but also how to avoid the sharks.”（因此寻找“赞助内容”。互联网是一个巨大的信息海洋。为了很好地使用互联网，我们不仅要知道如何“游泳”，而且还应该知道如何避免“鲨鱼”。）可知，这里的“游泳”指的是在无穷尽的信息海洋里阅读，而“鲨鱼”指的是需要避
90、免的信息/内容。再由倒数第三段中的“Sponsored content” is a way of saying that something is an ad. （“赞助内容”是一种表示某物是广告的方式）”可知，出现赞助方的信息意味着读者读到的是一则广告。综上，推知shark指的是“有广告的网站”。故选D。27.主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段中的“Some are news stories. Their goal is to share information. Others only look like news stories. Theyre actually advertis
91、ements, or ads. The goal of an ad is to get you to buy something. How do you, the reader, tell the difference between a news story and an ad? ” （有些是新闻故事，他们的目标是分享信息。其他的只是看起来像新闻故事，他们实际上是广告。广告的目标是让你买些东西。你，读者，如何说出在新闻报道和广告之间的区别？）和最后一段的“Learning to tell the difference between an ad and a news story is an
92、important step to becoming Internet smart.”（学会区分广告和新闻故事是明智使用互联网的第一步）可知，文章介绍了读者上网时会碰到新闻报道和广告，要学会分辨新闻报道和广告之间的区别，这是明智使用互联网的第一步。即，建议我们上网时头脑要保持灵敏。C. Be Internet Smart（上网头脑要灵敏）可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。8To advance wind turbine (汽轮机，涡轮机)technology to meet the requirements of extremely rough environments like that on
93、Mars, Ames partnered with NSF (the National Science Foundation) and the Department of Energy. It was clear that a lot of the same features were also found in the cold regions of the Earth,“ says Bubenheim. NASA took the leadership on the team because we had the longest-term technologya Mars turbine.
94、”Years before, NSF had worked with a company called Northern Power Systems ( NPS) , based in Barre, Vermont, to build a 3-kilowatt wind turbine on Black Island off the coast of Antarctica. The main purpose of this turbine was to power communications to the NSFs South Pole station. In 1993 , Ames awa
95、rded the same company a Small Business Innovation Research ( SBIR) contract (合 同)to construct a similar wind turbine at the South Pole.Jonathan Lynch, the chief technology officer at NPS, says the South Pole has less wind than Black Island but is even colder. Its hard to have steels that work in tho
96、se temperatures,“ he says. The cold affects the parts and everything gets extremely fragile. We looked at which materials were appropriate for flexible wires, irons, and steels, and what lubrication (润 滑) systems were going to work and for what temperatures over a long period of time.”In 1997, NPS m
97、ade a 3-kilowatt turbine at the South Pole, and then began developing a 100-kilowatt turbine that could function in the same extreme conditions. The first types of the larger turbine were successfully deployed in Kotzebue, Alaska and Golden, Colorado. They were fully tested in loads to make sure the
98、y worked, and we then built a lot of them, says Lynch.By 2000, the wind turbine technology had won an R&D 100 Award from R&D Magazine , and since then, says Bubenheim, Its been copied and put in a lot of places around the globe. 28.From the first paragraph, we can infer that_.A.the team wanted to bu
99、ild a wind turbine used on MarsB.Mars and the Earth have the same featuresC.NASA played the most important part in the teamD.the team was made up of Ames, NSF, the Department of Energy and NASA29.Which of the following is right according to the passage?A.The wind turbine technology was invented by A
100、mes.B.NPS made wind turbines for NSF and Ames.C.NSF and Ames both used the wind turbines at the same place.D.The wind turbine technology was only used in America.30.Whats the main idea of the 3rd paragraph?A.The South Pole has worse condition than the Black Island.B.NPS had confidence to build a win
101、d turbine for the South Pole.C.The materials for the turbines have to stand the extreme cold.D.NPS had more challenges in building a wind turbine for the South Pole.31.The word “ deployed” in the 4th paragraph can be replaced by.A.madeB.inventedC.usedD.advanced【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了涡轮
102、机技术在寒冷气候条件下的发展与应用。28.推理判断题。根据第一段“NASA took the leadership on the team because we had the longest-term technologya Mars turbine.（NASA领导了这个团队，因为我们有最长期的技术火星涡轮机。）”可知，NASA在团队中扮演了最重要的角色。故选C。29.细节理解题。根据第二段“Years before, NSF had worked with a company called Northern Power Systems ( NPS) , based in Barre, Ve
103、rmont, to build a 3-kilowatt wind turbine on Black Island off the coast of Antarctica.（几年前，NSF曾与一家名为北方电力系统(NPS)的公司合作，该公司总部设在佛蒙特州的巴雷，在南极洲海岸的黑岛上建造了一台3千瓦的风力涡轮机。）和“In 1993 , Ames awarded the same company a Small Business Innovation Research ( SBIR) contract (合 同)to construct a similar wind turbine at th
104、e South Pole.（1993年，Ames给了这家公司一份小企业创新研究(SBIR)合同，在南极建造一个类似的风力涡轮机。）”可知，NPS为NSF和Ames公司制造风力涡轮机，所以选项B正确。故选B。30.主旨大意题。阅读第三段内容，并根据“Its hard to have steels that work in those temperatures,（在这样的温度下很难让钢铁工作）”和“The cold affects the parts and everything gets extremely fragile. We looked at which materials were a
105、ppropriate for flexible wires, irons, and steels, and what lubrication (润 滑) systems were going to work and for what temperatures over a long period of time.（寒冷会影响身体的各个部分，一切都变得极其脆弱。我们研究了哪些材料适合于柔性电线、熨铁和钢材，以及什么润滑系统可以工作，以及在很长一段时间内在什么温度下工作。）”可知，第三段主要讲述NPS在为南极建造风力涡轮机方面面临着更多的挑战。故选D。31.词句猜测题。根据划线单词后一句“They were fully tested in loads to make sure they worked, and we then built a lot of them（我们对它们进行了全面的负载测试，以确保它们能够工作，然后我们建造了很多这样的涡轮机）”可推知，划线单词“ deployed”在前一句的意思是“使用”，这句话的意思是“第一种较大的涡轮机在阿拉斯加的科特泽布和科罗拉多州的戈尔登成功使用。”故选C。