1、2015高考英语完形填空、阅读理解通用练习（6）及答案完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后备题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 This year John was overjoyed by the Christmas seasonHe was becoming a 41 He knew soon he would be州d enough 10 42 the orphanage（孤儿院）He was 43 by this expectation He would save his orange, the Christmas gift, un
2、til his 44 in JulyIf he 45 it very carefully, he might be able to eat on his birthday Christmas day finally cameEntering the big dining hall, John could smell the 46 aroma（味）of meatBecause of his excitement, he lost his footing, causing a 47 Immediately the master 48 , John, leave the hall and there
3、ll be no 49 for you this year Johns heart broke 50 Tears in eyes, he turned and went swiftly hack to the cold room, that the children would not see his 51 Later he heard the door open and some children enteredLittle Elizabeth 52 a piece of ragHere John, she said, This is for you John was 53 by her i
4、nnocence as he 54 the bulge（鼓胀）in her handLifting back the edges of the rag, he saw a big juicy orange all peeled and quarteredand then he 55 what they had doneEach had 56 their own orange by sharing“quarter and had created a big beautiful orange for him John never forgot the love and sharing his fr
5、iends had shown him that Christmas dayJohns beginning was a poor existence; 57 ,his growlhc0 manhood was 58 by wealth and success 59 that day, every year he would send oranges to children in orphanagesHis desire was that no child would ever spend Christmas without a（n） 60 Christmas fruit!41Afather B
6、master Cman Dsoldier42Aleave Bassist Crebuild Descape43Adisappointed Bexcited Cannoyed Dembarrassed44Agraduation Banniversary Cwedding Dbirthday45Apolished Bhid Cpreserved Dplanted46Aawful Bstrange Csour Dunusual47Adisturbance Bpraise Closs Dmisunderstanding48Awhistled Bshouted Cwhispered Dsighed49A
7、friend Btoy Cprize Dorange50Aquietly Bslowly Cviolently Dnarrowly51Adelight Bsorrow Cexcitement Dsurprise52Ahelped out Bpicked out Cheld out Dtried out53Atouched Bpuzzled Cshocked Damazed54Apointed to Bstuck to Csearched for Dreached for55Awondered Brealized Canalyzed Dignored56Acollected Bkept Csac
8、rificed Dpicked57Ahowever Bbesides Cinstead Dtherefore58Areplied Breturned Creacted Drewarded59AIn search of BIn memory of CIn favor of DIn honor of60Acommon Bexpensive Cspecial Dlarge【参考答案】完形填空（201.5=30）：4145 CABDC 4650 DABDC 5155 BCADB 5660 CADBC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Nowadays, there i
9、s a heated debate on whether pollutants should be cleaned in the air. Cleaning up the air, while good for our lungs, could make global warming worse. And the pollutants still go up around the air, along with carbon dioxide.These pollutants are called aerosols (气溶粒) and they include soot as well as m
10、ixtures of nitrogen(氮) and sulfur(硫) and other stuff into the air. Natalie Mahowald, a climate researcher at Cornell University, says so far, scientists have mostly tried to understand what those aerosols do while theyre actually in the air.There are so many different kinds of aerosols, she says. So
11、me warm and some cool. But in fact, humans are giving out a lot of extra aerosols, and they tend to cool for the most part.The aerosols reflect sunlight back into space, or keep us cool. But it turns out thats not all they do. These aerosols also influence how much carbon dioxide gets drawn out of t
12、he air by plants on land and in the sea.They can add nutrients, for example, to the oceans or to the land, Mahowald says. But also while theyre in the atmosphere they can change the climate, and thus that also can influence the amount of carbon, the land or the ocean can take up. So there are quite
13、a few different ways that aerosols can act on each other.Mahowalds results suggest that reducing those pollutants could be an even bigger problem than realized, when you consider that aerosols help remove carbon dioxide from the air by encouraging plant growth. Hard numbers on this effect are highly
14、 uncertain at the moment, but this could turn out to be quite significant.And studying it is not easy because the effects arent well understood. For example, nitrogen can be a fertilizer (肥料), but it can stop plant growing when nitrogen comes out of the air in acid form. Right now it seems like were
15、 much more likely to clean up aerosol pollution, while increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. So scientists, unfortunately, may have a chance to see whether this experiment on our planet should continue or not.36. From Paragraph 2, we know that .A. scientists have been aware of how aero
16、sols workB. Natalie Mahowald is an expert in climateC. cleaning up the air is so popularD. pollutants are under control so far【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句Natalie Mahowald的同位语a climate researcher at Cornell University可知Natalie Mahowald是一个气候专家，故选B。37. What is Natalie Mahowalds opinion on those aerosols?A. A
17、erosols can influence each other in various ways.B. All the aerosols will cool the earth.C. Aerosols can add nutrients to human beings. D. Any kind of aerosols will warm the earth.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由第三段Some warm and some cool得知，BD选项错误, 与Some不符。从第五段的to the oceans，得知C也不对。由第五段最后一句aerosols can act on each
18、other气溶粒可以以不同的方式相互影响，故选A。38. Why is it important for scientists to get accurate numbers according to the passage? A. Scientists have a chance to research them.B. They can bring scientists much more benefit.C. Scientists can protect the earth from being pollutedD. They can help scientists understand
19、the effects better. 【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。从第六段最后一句和第七段开头句可推出D正确。其他选项与题目没有直接的因果关系。它们能帮科学家更好地理解影响，故选D。39. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?A. Scientists will be in a dilemma.B. The experiment will be successful.C. Scientists will carry out the experiment.D. Scientists have difficulty in the e
20、xperiment. 【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。从第七段开头句和第八段最后一句should continue or not应不应该进行。说明研究的左右为难。故A最合适。而D选项属于事实题，不是暗示推理题。科学家左右为难，故选A。40. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A. Pollutants in the Air.B. The Experiment on the PlanetC. The Reason for Global Warming D. The Influence of Aerosols 【
21、答案】D【解析】标题归纳题。全文以Aerosols为中心，说明它的影响。故D正确。其他选项要么范围太大要么太小，不够全面。气溶粒的影响，故选D。完形填空-判断词性、词义和词形(一) 语篇填空既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，就应先快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，然后分析句子结构确定填哪类词。1. 主要考查的知识点： 定冠词的基本用法、抽象名词具体化和固定搭配等。2. 复习重点： (1)定冠词的用法(基本用法必须熟记。下面几句顺口溜可以帮助记忆：特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；普转专有名，习语及乐器。).冠词(2)不定冠词的基本用法。几种特殊用法：专有名词前用不定冠词
22、，表示“像的一个人或物”， a Napoleon; 姓名前用不定冠词，表示“某个叫的人”，多指不认识的人， a Miss Smith; 用于某些物质名词前，表示“一种、一份、一阵”等，a tea and a coffee; 用于某些抽象名词前，使抽象概念具体化。这种用法的名词有 a surprise/knowledge/success/failure/pleasure/interest/joy等等。.冠词3. 冠词的判断：根据冠词修饰名词这一特点，如果空格位于名词前(或名词前还有个形容词)时，该空格可能是填冠词。.冠词例1：Of all the subjects, I like history
23、 the best because it gives us _ useful knowledge of things in the past. 例2：Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up _ weakening of the human body. 1. 主要考查的知识点： 不定代词和替代词的用法，it的用法和人称代词的格。 2复习重点： 指代必须准确无误。 在使用人称代词、反身代词、物主代词这3类代词时，要注意它们在句中的人称、单复数及性别与所有格的一致性。 疑问代词的
24、用法。.代词3. 代词的判断： 空格所在的句子缺主语或宾语时，需考虑填代词或名词(多考代词)。缺主语，用主格；缺宾语，用宾格；人称代词、不定代词、反身代词、指示代词等主要通过上下文来判断其语义和根据语法规则来判断其词形。 名词在句子中作主语、宾语或表语且名词前面没有限定词，该名词前的空格可能是填some, any，other，another或与前面名词或人称代词对应的物主代词等限定词。 .代词例1：On my desk is a photo that my father took of _ when I was a baby. 例2：Everyone round her was writing
25、 pages and pages. However hard she thought, she couldnt find _ to write about. 例3：A young tiredlooking woman with a baby in her arms asked to be allowed to visit her husband in prison. A short time later, when her husband with chains on his feet took a seat beside her, her tired face lit up. I watch
26、ed them laugh, cry, and share _ child. 例4： Which of the three ways shall I take to the village? _ way as you please. 1. 主要考查的知识点： 形容词作定语；形容词和副词的比较级、最高级等。 2. 重点复习： 形容词和副词的基本用法及相关语法规则。 比较级的程度修饰语(much，very much，far，even，still，rather，any等)。 表示起承转合的副词。此功能与关联词相似，只是这种副词在用法上更加灵活多变。典型的有though, however, also,
27、 therefore, still, besides, or，otherwise, first, second, then, finally等等。.形容词或副词3. 形容词/副词的判断： 根据形容词与连系动词连用及修饰名词的特点，如果空格前的动词是连系动词或空格在名词前(尤其是“冠词_ 名词”结构)时，该空可考虑填形容词；如果空格所填的词是修饰行为动词、形容词、副词、过去分词及整个句子(此时抽去空格，句意基本完整)，则考虑用副词。 两个事物进行比较应用比较级，三个或三个以上事物进行比较应用最高级。.形容词或副词例1：Soon it would be the holidays. But befo
28、re that, there were the end of year exams. All the students had been working _ for some time. 例2：A recent study found that dogs often yawned after watching people do it. In the study, a human researcher yawned in front of 29 dogs. More than 70 percent of the dogs yawned back. That finding shocked th
29、e researcher. The percentage is much _ than humans yawn response rate. Humans tend to “catch” 45% to 60% of yawns. 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. One way to
30、 do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt(柏油) roads? Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss
31、 to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside. The heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road
32、. Some, however, dive deep into the ground. When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer(蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers(交换器) have been b
33、uilt. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the ground-water, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store. In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the h
34、eat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice. 1. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs? A. Arian de Bo
35、ndt got his idea from his boss. B. Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities. C. The Dutch engineers system has been widely used. D. Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads. 2. For what purpose are the diving pipes used? A. To absorb heat from the sun. B. To store heat for future
36、use. C. To turn solar energy into heat energy. D. To carry heat down below the surface. 3. From the last paragraph we can learn that.A. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winterB. the system can do more than warming up the buildingC. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surfaceD. less
37、heat may be collected in winter than in summer4. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows? A. What we shall do if the system goes wrong. B. What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads. C. How the system cools the building in summer. D. How the system collects heat in spring and autumn. 【参考答案】1-4 DDBC