1、2015高考英语北师大版一轮复习语法（11）：专题十一 代词（讲解及答案）专题十一代词【语法拓展题】【2014高考英语四川省凉山州一模试题】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was January 25th, 2008: Nisha and Akshayes marriage anniversary. But things hadchanged 11 their marriage. The couple quarreled about 12 things.，Yet they
2、 still loved eachother. Nisha thought her husband might have 13 about their anniversary. When door bell rang,Nisha was 14 happy that Akshaye had finally remembered. She ran to open the door. Indeed,Akshaye was standing outside and 15 a bunch of flowers. They started to have a(n) 16 night. But then t
3、he phone started ringing. Nisha went to 17 it up. There was a man on theother 18 of the phone. Hello, madam. I am caflingfrom the 19 station. Is this Mr. AkshayMalhotras number? Yes, it is. There was an 20 ，and a man died. We got your number from the mans 21 weneed you to come here and 22 the body N
4、ishas heart 23 Whhhaat? B .but卿husband is here with me. Sorry, madam, the accident took place at 3:00 pro， She had heard that the soul of the dead person would come to meet you 24 it departedShe ran to the sitting room. Akshaye was not there. Had something bad really happened? If shehad been given 2
5、5 chance, she would have mended all her 26 She was about to lose hetsenses. 27 Akshaye came out of the bathroom, saying, Dear, my wallet was 28 while Iwas 29 my way home this afternoon. Life might not give you a 30 chance. So never waste a moment when you have thechance to make up for your deeds11.
6、A. at B. before C. in D. since12. A. important B. small C. interesting D. wonderful13. A. forgotten B. memorized C. reminded D. remembered14. A. friendly B. surprisingly C. luckily D. fortunately15. A. holding B. giving C. carrying D. delivering16. A. geode B. normal C. extraordinary D. romantic17.
7、A. put B. pick C. get D. give18. A. beginning B. line C. end D. call19. A. police B. bus C. post D. railway20. A. accident B. affair C. event D. incident21A. ID card B. passport C. wallet D. license22. A. realize B. identify C. achieve D. know23. A. beat B. drowned C. shocked D. sank24. A. after B.
8、before C. since D. because25. A. another B. other C. the other D. one26. A. mistakes B. faults C. disadvantages D. failure27. A. Sadly B. Luckily C. Suddenly D. Unfortunately28. A. stolen B. thrown C. dropped D. attached29. A. in B. over C. above D. on30. A. nice B. second C. satisfied D. third【参考答案
9、】1130、DBABA DBCAA CBDBA BCADB代词的考查要点代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。1.人称代词(1)人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下四种情况：作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。Susan，go and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why me？John is sitting there doing nothing.句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，
10、与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致。The thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格，故用he替代)They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她。(me是宾格，故用her替代)作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。I met her in the hospital.It was her who I met in the hospital.在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别：I like Jack a
11、s much as her.I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.I like Jack and she likes him，too.(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三 一(人称)。宾格me也一样。You，she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.2.物主代词(1)注意名词性和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。(2)ones own.of ones
12、own句式的转换。(3)某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。take sb.by the arm，be wounded in the leg3.反身代词(1)反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。(2)反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。devote oneself to致力于dress oneself自己穿衣enjoy oneself过得快活feel oneself觉得正常(3)反身代词还可用于某些成语中。for oneself为自己；独立地，of oneself自然地；自动地，by oneself独自地，in oneself本身4.相互代词(each other，one
13、another)相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为each others，one anothers，作定语。一般来说，each other指两者之间，one another指三者或三者以上之间，但现在区分已不明显。5.指示代词(this，that，these，those，such，same)指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。(1)指示代词this(these)和that(those)的区别。this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。This is my desk an
14、d that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this：the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday.Thats why he didnt come.为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。The weather of Beijing is colder than tha
15、t of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.this在电话用语中用于作自我介绍，that用于询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，意思相当于副词so。Can hard work change a person that much？(2)such和same的用法。such指“这样的”人或事，在句中作主语和定语。Such was the story.We have never seen such a tall building.same指“同样的”人或事，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，same的前面要用定冠
16、词the。The same can be said of the other article.Whether he can do it or not，it is all the same to me.题组训练1选词填空1. Silly me！ I forget what my luggage looks like.What do you think of that over there？2.Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than that in the city.3.He is the sa
17、me person I met three days ago.4.Such is Jack，a hardworking student.5.The cars made this year are better than those made last year.6.疑问代词(who，whom，which，what，whose)疑问代词在句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语。(1)who/what询问姓名或关系。Who is he？He is my brother./He is Henry.询问职业或地位。What is he？He is a lawyer/teacher.what/who 作主语时，谓
18、语动词的单复数取决于说话人的视点，可单数也可复数。What is/are on the table？Who is/are in the library？(2)which与who，whatwhich表示在一定范围内，而who，what则无此限制。I found two books on the desk.Which is yours？7.连接代词和关系代词连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有who，whom，whose，what，which以及它们与ever合成的代词whoever，whomever，whatever，whichever等。它们用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，即连接复合句中
19、的主句和从句，并在从句中担任一定的句子成分，由连接代词引起的名词性从句前不能再加that。关系代词是用来引导定语从句的代词，它们包括who，whom，whose，which，that等。这两类代词的用法详见“名词性从句”和“定语从句”部分。8.不定代词不定代词主要有：all，each，every，both，either，neither，one，none，little，few，many，much，other，another，some，any，no等。还有由some，any，no和every构成的合成代词。不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质，并有可数和不可数之分，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、
20、定语、状语等(every，no只能作定语)。下面介绍几组主要不定代词的用法与区别：(1)some与any一般用法：some，any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句，any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。特殊用法：any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。Any child can do that.(定语)You may take any of them.(宾语)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。Smith went to some place in England.(定语)在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。Would you like some
21、 bananas？(邀请)Mum，could you give me some money？(请求)some 用于否定句表示部分否定。I dont know some of the students.(宾语)some和any还有副词的词性，在句中可作状语。some意为“大约”，相当于about；而any则表示程度，意为“稍微，丝毫”。There are some 300 workers on strike.Do you feel any better today？(2)one，both，allone作定语、表语、主语或宾语，可以指人或物，表示“一个”的意思，其复数为ones，指人时，其所有格是
22、ones，反身代词是oneself。One should try ones best to serve the people.(主语、定语)This is not the one I want.(表语)one，ones可以代替上文提到过的名词，以免重复。one，ones前面分别可以用this，that，these，those或the，which等词修饰。These books are more interesting than those ones.Here are three pens.Which one is yours，this one or that one or the one in
23、 the pencil case？both用作定语、宾语、主语和同位语，可以指人或指物，表示“两者都”的意思。注意：both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用neither。Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。Neither of us is a teacher.我们俩都不是教师。both不能放在the，these，those，my等之后，而应放在它们的前面。如：Both my parents like this film.Both the/these boys are tall.all用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语，指“全部的”、“整个的
24、”，可与可数或不可数名词连用；除少数情况外，一般不与单数可数名词连用；与复数名词连用时，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三个或三个以上的人或物。注意：all 用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定用none。Not all the ants go out for food.(or：All the ants dont go out for food.)并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的。题组训练2同义句改写1.Both of the men arent doctors.Not both of them are doctors.2.
25、Not all of them passed the exam.All of them didnt pass the exam.(3)many和muchmany和much都表示“许多”，但many修饰或代替复数可数名词，much修饰或代替不可数名词。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语。much有时用作状语。(4)few，little， a few，a littlefew和little表示“没有多少”，含否定意义；而a few 和a little表示“有一些，有几个”，含肯定意义。另外，few，a few 修饰可数名词；little，a little修饰不可数名词。它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语。
26、(5)no和nonenonot any，表示“没有”，用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词，通常作定语。none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。none还可以在句中作宾语。注意：none既可以指人又可以指物，no one只能指人。(6)each和everyeach(各个)，指两个或两个以上的人或物，侧重个体，在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every(每个)，指三个或三个以上的人或物，侧重整体，在句中只能作定语。Every student in our class has a dictionary.(定语，强调班上“所有的人”)Eac
27、h student in our class has a dictionary.(定语，强调各个个体)Each of them has been there.(主语)The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.(宾语)We each got a ticket.(同位语)(7)either和neithereither是“两者中任何一个”的意思，可修饰或代替单数可数名词；neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思，可以修饰或代替单数可数名词，它们可在句中作主语、宾语或定语。Here are two pens.You may take ei
28、ther of them.(宾语)Neither boy knows French.(定语)注意：either用作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句的句末。He doesnt like tea，and I dont either.(状语)either与or连用构成连词，意为“不是就是”或“要么要么”。He is either Japanese or Chinese.neither用作副词，意为“也不”，即“not.either”。He cant do it，neither can I.neither可与nor连用构成连词，意为“既不也不”。Neither he nor you are a stude
29、nt.(8)the other和another，the others 和othersthe other表示“两者中的另一个”；the other复数可数名词表示“其余(他)的”；the others表示“其他的人或物”。others及other复数名词泛指“其他的(别的)人或物”。这些词语在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。He got two books； one is a textbook，the other is a novel.Five of the pencils are red； the others (the other pens) are yellow.Some are singing
30、； others are dancing.another修饰或代替单数可数名词，意为“(三个或三个以上的)另一个”，不能指两者中的另一个，在句中可作宾语和定语。This coat is too dark.Please show me another.(宾语)Please give me another book.(定语)注意：another修饰复数名词时，意为“再，又”。Please give me another ten minutes.Please give me ten more minutes.题组训练3选词填空1.We need another five chairs.2.I hav
31、e two pens.One is black；the other is red.3.Three students are in the classroom； the others are on the playground.4.Some are reading；others are writing.语法填空ALast spring I visited Mexico City to see the ancient art in the museum there.I was 1.surprised(surprise) at how well I managed 2.to get(get) aro
32、und even though I dont speak a word of Spanish.You just have to be able to make the right decision in a difficult situation.The manager of my hotel gave me a map of the city and told me 3.that the best way to get to the museum was 4.by subway.I didnt know where the nearest subway was 5.but I was sur
33、e I would find it if I walked a little.After an hour，I was still walking.I was pletely(complete) lost.Just then a policeman came over and showed me the 7.nearest(near) station.I looked at the subway map on the wall and didnt know 8.which line to take.In fact，I wasnt sure which station I was in.Most
34、people would give 9.up in that situation，but not me.10.After I thought it over，I knew exactly what to do.I went upstairs and took a taxi.BMaybe you are an average student.You probably think you will never be a top student.This is not 1.necessarily (necessary) so，however.Anyone can become a better st
35、udent if he or she wants to.Heres how：Plan your time carefully.When planning your work，you should make a list of things that you have to do.After 2.making(make) this list，you should make a schedule of your time.First your time for eating，sleeping，dressing，etc.Then decide a good，regular time for stud
36、ying.Dont forget 3.to set(set) aside enough time for entertainment.A 4.weekly(week) schedule may not solve all your problems，5.but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.Find a good place to study.Look around the house for a good study area.Keep this space，6.which may be a desk
37、or simply a corner of your room，free of everything but study materials.No games，radios，or television.7.When you sit down to study，concentrate on the subject.Make good use of your time in class.Take advantage of class time to listen to everything 8.the teacher says.Listening carefully 9.in class means less work later.Taking notes will help you remember 10.what the teacher says.
