1、陕西省咸阳市永寿中学2021届高三英语上学期开学考试试题（含解析）第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What do we know about the man?A. He hasnt eaten any sandwich yet.B. He thinks the first sandwich is better.C. Hes too full to
2、eat another sandwich.2. Why are the neighbors moving out?A. They dont like the flat.B. They cant afford the high rent.C. The landlord doesnt mean what he says.3. How did the man hear about the fire?A. Over the phone. B. On the television. C. In the newspaper.4. Where is the woman going first?A. To t
3、he cinema. B. To the concert. C. To the bank.5. What are the two speakers going to do tomorrow afternoon?A. Go shopping.B. Return to the beach.C. Pay a visit to Joe and Linda.第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给
4、出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至第7小题。6. Where does this conversation take place?A. At an airport. B. At a seaport. C. At a railway station.7. How soon will the man get on board?A. In about 10 minutes. B. In about 20 minutes. C. In about 30 minutes.听第7段材料，回答第8至第10小题。8. What colour of carpet does the
5、 man suggest?A. Blue. B. White. C. Green.9. What is the possible result the woman worries about?A. She cant return the carpet if she doesnt like it.B. She cant decide the right colour for the carpet.C. She cant afford the high price of the carpet.10. Where does this conversation most probably take p
6、lace?A. In a store. B. In the street. C. In the womans house.听第8段材料，回答第11至第13小题。11. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Friends. B. Strangers. C. Neighbours.12. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Their habits. B. Their families. C. Their neighbours.13. What is
7、the mans trouble?A. He cant give up smoking.B. Hes often disturbed at night.C. He has no house of his own.听第9段材料，回答第14至第17小题。14. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Mother and son. B. Captain and player. C. Teacher and student.15. What is the womans main purpose of talking
8、to the man?A. To learn what he does every day.B. To help him to manage his time better.C. To suggest making full use of his spare time.16. How long does the man work at the supermarket every day?A. 2 hours. B. 3 hours. C. 4 hours.l7. What does the man agree to give up?A. Doing a part-time job.B. Hav
9、ing football practice.C. Working at the student center.听第10段材料，回答第18至第20小题。18. What is the man?A. A sports trainer. B. A radio reporter. C. A ball player.19. What is the man describing?A. A football game. B. A volleyball game. C. A basketball game.20. Which is the winning team?A. Germany. B. England
10、. C. Spain.第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节，共计40分)第一节 (共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ASupply Primary Teachers NeededWe work with a group of Good and Excellent schools located across London. We are looking for excellent teachers who have a passion for teaching and are looking for n
11、ew opportunities.About Supply TeachingSupply teaching gives you the freedom and flexibility to work at a variety of different schools. You have the option of day-to-day supply or long-term supply, which could lead to a full time employment.You would be required to have a great understanding of the p
12、rimary curriculum(课程). If you have experience, then please dont hesitate to apply.You would be working with students who have varied needs.We are looking for able and devoted teachers who are able to teach and engage with the whole class while teaching.Supply roles are great for experienced teachers
13、 and newly qualified teachers looking to gain experience.Key ResponsibilitiesTo teach effective lessons that inspire and lead to rapid progress from all students.To plan and prepare effective schemes of work and lessons.To use regular assessments to set targets for students, and monitor their progre
14、ss.To maintain regular and productive communication with students and parents.The Perfect CandidateMust hold a university diploma.Able to work well within a team.Strong understanding of the primary curriculum.Able to create interesting and engaging lessons for students.Deadline: Apply by Thursday, 4
15、th January 2018 at 9 am.Contact UsPlease dont hesitate to contact us at ASQ Education.If you feel like this is not quite the right role for you, please still contact us at ASQ Education, we have a variety of roles in Primary and Secondary School.1. What main duties should a supply teacher take?A. Pl
16、an, prepare and teach effective lessons.B. Guide students to experience after-school activities.C. Set targets to become a full time employee.D. Make sure of the students freedom and flexibility.2. Which of the following is not suitable to be a supply teacher?A. One who has a clear idea of primary c
17、urriculumB. One who has great passion for teaching.C. One who has teaching experience.D. One who likes working alone.3. If you want to apply for the position, you should _.A. have humorous personalityB. apply before 4th January 2018 at 9 amC. contact the schools located across London directlyD. prep
18、are a lesson and communicate with parents in advance【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则代课教师的招聘启示，主要介绍了其工作内容、职责、招聘条件及联系方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Key Responsibilities”部分内容“To teach effective lessons that inspire and lead to rapid progress from all students.(教授有效的、能鼓舞并让全体学生快速进步的课程)”及“To plan and prepare e
19、ffective schemes of work and lessons.(计划并准备有效的工作和课程方案)”可知，计划、筹备并进行有效的教学是老师的主要职责之一，故选A项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“The Perfect Candidate”部分“Able to work well within a team.”可知，作为一名代课教师，应该有团队合作精神，所以D项“喜欢独自工作的人”不适合作为作为代课教师。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Deadline: Apply by Thursday, 4th January 2018 at 9 am.”可知，最后截止日期是2018年
20、1月4日周四上午9点，所以如果项申请这个职位，要在此日期之前，故选B项。【点睛】BToday, I felt terrible-my head was full of problems and confusion. I decided to take a walk even though I didnt know where I would go. The most extraordinary thing happened when I was out on this walk. I saw an old man sitting on a chair. He was a seller of s
21、econd-hand shoes. He seemed so tired and nobody was buying his shoes.I wanted to give him something but I had not brought anything with me. Then, a little girl came toward him. I heard the child say, “Grandfather, may I polish your shoes?” That old man took pity on her, smiled and he gave her a shoe
22、 to polish. The girl said, “I polish the shoe because I need money to buy my brother a new school uniform.” The old man answered, “Oh, little girl. Just stop doing this. Come with me and I will buy you a uniform.”Then they walked to a market (I followed behind) and he bought her a uniform. The girl
23、was so happy. She said, “Thank you so much for doing this.” Then she left, leaving the old man smiling. He walked away from the market, but I stopped him.I whispered in his ear, “You are a hero! Thank you for your kindness!” As I walked away, I glanced back and I could see him still smiling. I was b
24、lown away by the kindness I had just seen. Someone who had so little himself was able to show such incredible generosity! Amazing!My own sadness had completely disappeared, chased away by the light of this kind act. I began realizing that I have a lot to be thankful for.4. Why did the girl want to p
25、olish shoes for the old man?A. To support the old mans business.B. To show her pity on the old man.C. To earn money to buy something to her brother.D. To attract the attention of passers-by to buy more shoes.5. What can we know about the old man from the passage?A. He has not enough to eat and wear.
26、B. He is very cold to others.C. He is a kind and generous man.D. He is in a poor health condition.6. What words can be described the girls character?A. Friendly and caring.B. Greedy and kind.C. Enthusiastic and impatient.D. Mean and sad.7. What may the author learn from the old man?A. Compared with
27、helping others, personal sadness is not important.B. One should live by ones own work not by others help.C. One shouldnt look down upon the one who needs help.D. Even though one has little, he should try to help others.【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者看见一个卖旧鞋的的可怜老人帮助了一个想通过擦鞋赚钱给哥哥买新校服的小女孩，老人
28、这一善良慷慨的行为使作者的悲伤消失了。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中The girl said, “I polish the shoe because I need money to buy my brother a new school uniform.” 女孩说：“我擦鞋是因为我需要钱给我哥哥买一套新校服。”可知，女孩想挣钱给她哥哥买东西因此给老人擦鞋。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中I was blown away by the kindness I had just seen. Someone who had so little himself was able
29、 to show such incredible generosity! 我被刚才看到的友善深深打动了。一个自己一无所有的人却表现出令人难以置信的慷慨！可知，老人他是一个善良慷慨的人。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中The girl said, “I polish the shoe because I need money to buy my brother a new school uniform.” 女孩说：“我擦鞋是因为我需要钱给我哥哥买一套新校服。”以及第三段中The girl was so happy. She said, “Thank you so much for
30、doing this.” 女孩很高兴。她说：“非常感谢你所做的一切。”可知，这个女孩是友好和体贴人的。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Someone who had so little himself was able to show such incredible generosity! 一个自己一无所有的人却表现出令人难以置信的慷慨！以及最后一段中 I began realizing that I have a lot to be thankful for. 我开始意识到我有很多事情要感谢。可知，从老人身上，作者可以学到“即使一个人一无所有，他也应该设法帮助别人。”的道理
31、。故选D项。CAdults perform better when they have a lot to gain or lose. But scientists did not know whether teens did too. To find out, Insel asked 88 people between the ages of 13 and 20. She had them try a game. The participants looked at pictures of planets on a computer screen. They had to click as f
32、ast as they could when they saw a planet with designs. They were not supposed to click if a planet had no designs.The participants could earn 20 cents for right answers but lose 10 cents for wrong ones. In other sessions, theyd get a dollar for right answers, and lose a half dollar for wrong ones. P
33、layers of all ages wanted to win the money, and cared more about bigger rewards than smaller ones.As Insel expected, adults performed better when the stakes were high. But teens 13 to 18 played just as well whether they stood to win 20 cents or a dollar. Only 19- or 20-year olds stepped up their gam
34、e for the higher stakes.Insels team published this work November 28, 2017, in Nature Communications.Brains change and mature during adolescence. And not all parts grow at the same rate. Insel was interested in two areas in particular. One is deep inside the brain and just above the ears. Called the
35、ventral striatum (腹侧纹状体), it helps the brain calculate rewards. The ventral striatum becomes mature during the teen years.The brains prefrontal cortex (前额叶) takes longer to mature. This area is important for planning and setting goals. It may not mature until early adulthood.Nerve pathways - think o
36、f them as the brains “wiring” - connect the ventral striatum and prefrontal cortex. This lets the two regions communicate to make decisions. But because the prefrontal cortex matures later, the wiring between the two may not be complete until adulthood.8. Which of the following can explain Insels re
37、search?A. Teens ignore key points in many aspects.B. Adults behave better with higher rewards.C. Teens give more attention to exams than usual work.D. Adults behave more maturely than children in every way.9. What does the underlined word “stakes” refer to?A. The final results of games or experiment
38、s.B. The things that can be gained or lost in races.C. The ambitions or energies that one experiences in games.D. The powers that make one feel less pressure or pain.10. From the passage, we can know _.A. the experiment aims to find out adults behaviour facing high stakesB. teens have better perform
39、ances in the first roundsC. adults care less about the experiment at firstD. adults and teens show differently with high stakes11. Which is the best title of the passage?A. Unlike adults, teens dont perform better with high stakesB. Who perform better, adults or children?C. Stakes are the key points
40、 in promoting ones passionD. Whether low stakes or high stakes, one behaves similarly【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了因为大脑中的前额叶发育不成熟，面对高和低风险或赌注，青少年表现相差无几，而成年人则面对高赌注，表现更好。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句Only 19- or 20-year olds stepped up their game for the higher stakes.（当提高筹码时，只有19岁或者20岁地孩子在游戏中表现
41、更好）可推知，18岁的成年人在筹码增大时，表现更好。故选B。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文可知，stakes在此处指实验中提到的earn 20 cents for right answers but lose 10 cents for wrong ones（正确答案赚20美分，错误答案损失10美分）和get a dollar for right answers, and lose a half dollar for wrong ones.（正确答案得到1美元，错误答案损失0.5美元。），由此可推知，指比赛中的风险或赌注。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句和第三句But t
42、eens 13 to 18 played just as well whether they stood to win 20 cents or a dollar. Only 19- or 20-year olds stepped up their game for the higher stakes.可知，提高实验地筹码级别，成年人表现得更好，而13到18岁地孩子表现和原来无异。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章通过具体实验，阐述了因为大脑中的前额叶发育不成熟，面对高和低风险或赌注，青少年表现相差无几，而成年人则面对高赌注，表现更好。A项：与成年人不同，青少年在高风险情况下表现并不会更好。
43、符合题意。故选A。DDriverless technology will soon enter another major global industry: shipping. Several companies recently announced plans to launch self-sailing ships to improve safety and efficiency.One of them is Norwegian chemical company Yara International. Yara has designed to build an autonomous shi
44、p expected to launch next year. The ship is fully electric to reduce air pollution. It is designed to carry containers normally transported by truck. This means the ship will also improve road safety by replacing about 40,000 truck trips a year.Yara plans to operate the ships by remote control begin
45、ning sometime next year. By 2020, the ships should be loading and sailing themselves. Another company focusing on self-sailing ships is the worlds largest mining company, Australias BHP Billiton. The companys Vice President of Freight, Rashpal Bhatti, recently spoke about the technology. He said, “I
46、 believe automation will be one of the biggest changes for shipping in the future.” Autonomous ships offer important chances to improve safety and provide better efficiency outcomes to the marine supply chain.” He added that self-sailing ships could become a reality within the next decade.Rolls-Royc
47、e, the British automobile and engine manufacturer, is also developing unmanned shipping technologies. Oskar Levander is the companys head of marine operations. He told a conference last year, “This is happening. Its not if, its when.”Several shipping companies have invested hundreds of millions of d
48、ollars to develop self-sailing ships expected to be used by 2025. These ships will be equipped with technology to collect weather and sea data. They will then use the data to plan out the safest, shortest and most fuel-efficient route.12. What advantages does the driverless ship have according to th
49、e passage?A. Environmental friendly.B. Without noise.C. Low cost.D. Having stronger ship body.13. What can we learn from paragraph 3?A. Australias BHP Billiton is the worlds largest ship company.B. The ships will work almost automatically by 2020.C. Bhatti isnt sure of the future of driverless ship.
50、D. Self-sailing ships will be used in a couple of years.14. What attitude does Oskar Levander have to the new driverless ship?A. Unsure.B. Doubtful.C. Sure.D. Objective.15. Where is probably the passage taken from?A A physics textbook.B. A travel booklet.C. An advertisement.D. A science report.【答案】1
51、2. A 13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人驾驶技术在航运业的运用，一些公司宣布推出无人驾驶船只来提高航海安全和效率的计划。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“The ship is fully electric to reduce air pollution.(这艘船全部采用电动化以减少空气污染。)”可知，无人驾驶的船只最大的优势在于减少空气污染，所以其优势是环保。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“By 2020, the ships should be loading and sailing themselves
52、.(预计到2020年，这些船可以实现自主装船和航行。)”可知，到2020年，无人驾驶的轮船几乎可以自动运行。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句He told a conference last year, “This is happening. Its not if, its when.”(去年，他在一次会议上指出：“这正在发生。没有如果，只是时间问题。”)可知，Oskar Levander认为无人驾驶的船只是一定会出现的，只是时间的问题。所以Oskar Levander对无人驾驶轮船的态度是肯定的。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通断全文，并结合文章第一句“Drive
53、rless technology will soon enter another major global industry: shipping.(无人驾驶技术将很快进入全球另一个重要工业：航运业。)”可知，文章主要介绍了无人驾驶技术在航运业的运用，很多公司宣布推出无人驾驶船只来提高航海安全和效率的计划，所以可能摘自一篇科技报道。故选D项。【点睛】第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多项。Here are some ways of encouraging a friend to get through a diff
54、icult time.1. Make contact.When you find out that someone is going through a crisis, get in contact with them as soon as possible. If the person is far away, make a phone call or send an email. _16_ This is especially important if theyre dealing with an illness that makes it difficult to leave the h
55、ouse.2. Listen to them without judgment.People need to tell their stories in their own time. Of course youre going to have opinions about their situation. _17_ Focus on your friend, so they work through the healing process.3. Offer practical help.Instead of offering advice, what you can offer is som
56、e actual help. This can make a huge difference for them. _18_ Help them out with some chores like doing their grocery shopping for them, helping clean their house, and taking their dog for a walk.4. _19_When someone is going through a difficult life event, the basic functions of life tend to get for
57、gotten. They possibly forget to eat or stop caring for their appearance. Remind them to do things like shower, and exercise.5. Dont take over their life.Taking over their life may overwhelm them. _20_ Dont just take your friend to dinner, ask them where and when they want to dine. Letting them make
58、decisions, even if theyre small decisions, can go long way towards reclaiming their power.A. Even doing some little things can make a difference.B. You should offer options to them.C. Sometimes visiting someone in person is also effective.D. You should use your past experiences to help them.E. But i
59、t isnt always necessary to share your advice.F. Its better to be there for them.G. Encourage your friend to keep up with the life basics.【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就如何鼓励朋友度过难关，提出了五点建议。【16题详解】根据上文When you find out that someone is going through a crisis, get in contact with them
60、as soon as possible. If the person is far away, make a phone call or send an email.(当你发现某人正在经历危机时，尽快与他们联系。如果对方离你很远，打个电话或发个邮件)以及后文This is especially important if theyre dealing with an illness that makes it difficult to leave the house.(如果他们正在应对一种让他们难以离开家的疾病，这一点尤其重要)由此可知，本句属于过渡句，上文提到了联系朋友的方式，后文提到了你想要
61、联系的人如果因为生病无法离开家，那么本句提出另一种联系对方的方式，即可以亲自上门拜访。故C选项“有时亲自拜访某人也是有效的”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文Of course youre going to have opinions about their situation.(当然，你会对他们的处境有自己的看法)以及后文Focus on your friend, so they work through the healing process.(关注你的朋友，这样他们就能完成治愈的过程)由此可知，本句承接上文说明，即使你有自己的看法，也不必总是分享你的建议，因为应该关注的是朋友。E选
62、项中advice对应上文中opinions。故E选项“但不必总是分享你的建议”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文Instead of offering advice, what you can offer is some actual help. This can make a huge difference for them.(你能提供的不是建议，而是一些实际的帮助。这对他们来说意义重大)以及后文Help them out with some chores like doing their grocery shopping for them, helping clean their h
63、ouse, and taking their dog for a walk.(帮他们做一些家务，比如帮他们买杂货，帮他们打扫房间，带他们出去遛狗)由此可知，上文提到了给朋友提供实际的帮助，后文则提到了给他们做家务买杂货等小事情，可推知本句是在说明为正在度过难关的朋友做一些小事情，也可以给他们的生活带来重要影响。故A选项“即使是做一些小事情也会带来不同”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据本段内容When someone is going through a difficult life event, the basic functions of life tend to get forgott
64、en. They possibly forget to eat or stop caring for their appearance. Remind them to do things like shower, and exercise.可知当一个人在经历生活中的困难事件时，生活的基本功能往往会被遗忘。他们可能会忘记吃饭，或者不再关心自己的外表。提醒他们做一些事情，比如洗澡、运动。由此可知，本句为本段小标题，应当总结本段内容，结合本段说明的是提醒正在度过难关的朋友不要忘记一些诸如吃饭、洗澡等基本的生活活动。后文中the basic functions of life与G选项中the life
65、 basic对应。故G选项“鼓励你的朋友跟上生活的基本要求”符合本段小标题，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文Taking over their life may overwhelm them.(接管他们的生活可能会把他们压垮)以及后文Dont just take your friend to dinner, ask them where and when they want to dine. Letting them make decisions, even if theyre small decisions, can go long way towards reclaiming their p
66、ower.可知不要只是带你的朋友去吃饭，问问他们什么时候在哪里吃饭。让他们做决定，即使是很小的决定，也能帮助他们重获力量。由此可知，上文提到了完全接管朋友的生活可能会让朋友压力太大，结合后文提到了“让他们做决定”，让朋友做决定意味着要给朋友选择权，故本句应当是说明要给朋友提供选择。B选项中options与后文中decisions为同义词。故B选项“你应该给他们提供选择”符合语境，故选B。第三部分: 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完型填空(共20小题，每小题1.5，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项
67、涂黑。Id like to share a story from over 25 years ago that changed my life. During a vacation trip to California, I managed to _21_ some time to stay with family friends in northern California but that meant in the short time I needed to find my way to the bus station, some 30 miles away. Being a poor
68、student, I had little _22_ to get there.I tired to call various _23_ but they were all too _24_ to pick me up. Then, I got one person on the phone who _25_ to transport me with limited _26_! He came to pick me up about 45 minutes later. The driver was _27_ and I remember wondering _28_ the taxi didn
69、t have a meter. The driver was so kind. He knew I was upset so he _29_ me with stories and good conversation. He said I looked like his _30_.At one point, I asked him why he _31_ so little compared to the others. Then, he explained that he was actually _32_ and hadnt _33_ his number from the phone b
70、ook. When I called, clearly _34_, he felt that he should come to help.This man drove an hour to help a _35_ he didnt know for a fee that barely covered his gas, if that! This mans _36_ warms my heart every time I think of him. _37_, I didnt get his name and his face has since faded from my memory. B
71、ut he is on my _38_ often and I wish I could thank him _39_. “Thank you Mr. Angel Taxi-Man! I hope your granddaughter knows what a _40_ grandfather she has!21. A. spendB. spareC. wasteD. kill22. A. moneyB. timeC. energyD. effort23. A. trainB. tramC. ferryD. taxis24. A. reasonableB. unbelievableC. ex
72、pensiveD. cheap25. A. refusedB. agreedC. askedD. tried26. A. distancesB. fundsC. spaceD. time27. A. oldB. youngC. richD. poor28. A. whenB. whyC. whereD. how29. A. laughedB. helpedC. distractedD. absorbed30. A. granddaughterB. grandsonC. friendD. daughter31. A. chargedB. paidC. costD. took32. A. grad
73、uatedB. lostC. retiredD. recovered33. A. changedB. removedC. convertedD. corrected34. A. astonishedB. pleasedC. eagerD. upset35. A. relativeB. neighbourC. strangerD. student36. A. kindnessB. intelligenceC. cautionD. care37. A. LuckilyB. SurprisinglyC. RegretfullyD. Anxiously38 A. shoulderB. mindC. w
74、orkD. relaxation39. A. in personB. in allC. in advanceD. in brief40. A. powerfulB. gratefulC. usefulD. wonderful【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一件令作者难忘的事在一次旅途中作者缺钱，通过电话联系到一位司机，那位善良的司机答应她收取
75、很少的费用，因为司机想帮助别人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次去加利福尼亚的度假旅行中，我设法抽出一些时间和北加州的家人朋友呆在一起，但这意味着在很短的时间内我需要到达30英里外的汽车站。A. spend花费；B. spare留出；C. waste浪费；D. kill杀死。根据本句中的During a vacation trip to California可知，作者在度假期间挤出时间去看望家人朋友。spare some time to do sth.意为“抽出一些时间做某事”，是固定搭配，故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个穷学生，我几乎没有钱去那里。A. m
76、oney金钱；B. time时间；C. energy精力；D. effort努力。和本句中的原因状语Being a poor student照应，因为作者是一个穷学生，所以没有多少钱。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试着叫出租车，但都太贵了，不能接我。A. train火车；B. tram电车；C. ferry渡轮；D. taxis出租车。根据下文The driver was _7_ and I remember wondering _8_ the taxi didnt have a meter可知，作者是打算乘坐出租车去车站，并且taxi(出租车)在下文复现，故选D项。【24
77、题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我试着叫出租车，但都太贵了，接不上我。A. reasonable合理的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. cheap便宜的。和上文的Being a poor student, I had little _2_ to get there照应，乘坐出租车对于一个穷学生来说太贵了。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我接到一个人的电话，他同意了很低的价钱来接我！A. refused拒绝；B. agreed同意；C. asked要求；D. tried尝试。根据下文He came to pick me up
78、 about 45 minutes later(他45分钟后来接我)可知是作者找到一个同意来接我的司机。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我接到一个人的电话，他同意了很低的价钱来接我！A. distances距离；B. funds资金；C. space空间；D. time时间。和上文的Being a poor student, I had little _2_ to get there照应，此处指作者资金有限。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：司机年纪很大了，我那时还纳闷出租车为什么没有计价器。A. old老的；B. young年轻的；C. rich富有的；
79、D. poor贫穷的。根据文章最后一句Thank you Mr. Angel Taxi-Man! I hope your granddaughter knows what a _20_ grandfather she has!(谢谢你，天使出租车司机先生！我希望你的孙女知道她有多么好的祖父！)可知，这个司机年纪很大了。故选A项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：司机年纪很大大了，我那时还纳闷出租车为什么没有计价器。根据空后的the taxi didnt have a meter(这辆出租车没有计价器)及常识可知，此处表示作者那时还纳闷为什么出租车里没有计量里程的计价器。wonder why
80、意为“好奇为什么”，故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我心烦意乱，因此他用讲故事、交谈的方式来分散我的注意力。A. laughed 笑；B. helped帮助；C. distracted分心；D. absorbed专心。联系上下文，空前表示他知道我心烦意乱，空后表示用讲故事、交谈的方式，可根据逻辑推理出，此处是用讲故事、交谈的方式来分散我的注意力，让作者不再烦心，故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说我看起来像他的孙女。A. granddaughter孙女；B. grandson孙子；C. friend朋友；D. daughter女儿。根据下文的I hope y
81、our granddaughter knows what a _20_ grandfather she has!(我希望你的孙女知道她有多么好的爷爷！)可知，此处指他说作者看起来像他的孙女。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问他为什么和其他人相比收费这么低。A. charged收费；B. paid支付；C. cost花费；D. took拿取。根据常识可知，因为作者叫了出租车，所以应该付给司机钱，因此这里指作者询问他为什么和其他人相比索要这么少钱。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他解释说，他实际上已经退休，尚未来得及将出租电话号码销掉。A. graduate
82、d毕业；B. lost失去；C. retired退休；D. recovered康复。根据上文已知司机年纪大了以及根据本句中的hadnt _13_ his number from the phone book可推知，司机已经退休，尚未来得及将出租电话号码销掉。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他解释说，他实际上已经退休，尚未来得及将出租电话号码销掉。A. changed更改；B. removed移去；C. converted转换；D. corrected更正。因为已经退休，所以是应该将出租号码销掉。故选B项。34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我跟他打电话时，我显然很不高兴
83、，他觉得他应该来帮忙。A. astonished惊讶的；B. pleased高兴的；C. eager急切的；D. upset心烦意乱的。根据上文的He knew I was upset可知，此处指作者在打电话时，我很心烦意乱。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个人驱车一小时来帮助一个素不相识的陌生人，挣取勉强够支付油费的钱，如果是这样的话！A. relative亲戚；B. neighbour邻居；C. stranger陌生人；D. student学生。根据文章以及本句的定语从句he didnt know可知，他驱车来帮助一个素不相识的陌生人。故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义
84、辨析。句意：每当我想起他，他的善良就温暖了我的心。A. kindness善良；B. intelligence聪明；C. caution谨慎；D. care关心。根据文章以及上文中的he felt that he should come to help可知，我是一个穷学生，而这位出租车司机愿意来帮助我，可推理知他非常善良，因此此处是他的善良温暖作者的心，故选A项。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，我不知道他的名字，我也记不清他的样貌。A. Luckily幸运的是；B. Surprisingly出人意料的是；C. Regretfully遗憾的是；D. Anxiously焦急地。根据本
85、句中的I didnt get his name and his face has since faded from my memory可知，他给予了作者帮助，作者却不知道他的名字，因此很遗憾。故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我却在心中时常想起他，我希望我能亲自感谢他。A. shoulder 肩膀；B. mind脑海；C. work工作；D. relaxation放松。根据上文his face has since faded from my memory及连接词but可知，尽管作者记不清他的样貌，但作者却在心中时常想起他。mind符合逻辑关系，故选B项。【39题详解】考查介词短语
86、辨析。句意：我却在心中时常想起他，我希望我能亲自感谢他。A. in person亲自；B. in all总之；C. in advance提前；D. in brief简言之。根据上文This man drove an hour to help a _15_ he didnt know可知这位司机帮助了我这个陌生人，我很想亲自感激他。in person表示“亲自”，符合逻辑关系。故选A项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望你的孙女知道她有一个多好的爷爷！A. powerful强大的；B. grateful感激的；C. useful有用的；D. wonderful棒极的。根据上文This
87、 man drove an hour to help a _15_ he didnt know可知这位司机帮助了作者这个陌生人，因此作者认为他是一个棒极了的人，所以希望他的孙女知道她有一个多好的爷爷。故选D项。【点睛】完形填空会使用一些关键词围绕主线贯穿全文。这些关键词可能会重复出现，也可能会以其他形式出现(例如同义词、近义词、上义词等)。如第3小题，根据下文The driver was _7_ and I remember wondering _8_ the taxi didnt have a meter可知，作者是打算乘坐出租车去车站，并且taxi(出租车)在下文复现，故选D项。第二节 语
88、法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在答题卡相应位置处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One weekend, Roberta Ursreys family went to the seaside for a travel. At first, everything went well. But suddenly, Roberta Ursrey saw her two sons _41_ (struggle) against the tide 100 yards out from shore.Several other Ursrey family m
89、embers along with a nearby couple, jumped in the water _42_ (help) them and _43_ (catch) in the tide. There wasnt a lifeguard _44_ duty and the situation was growing more and more dangerous. So beach goers began linking arms and heading into the ocean. People _45_ couldnt even swim was part of that
90、human chain.One onlooker, Jessica Mae Simmons knew she could save those due to her strong swimming skills. Although some were worried about heading out into the sea, Simmons felt _46_ (confidence) she could bring everyone to safety. Simmons and her husband grabbed two boards and paddled down the hum
91、an chain until she reached the _47_ (swimmer). She rescued them one by one and when everyone returned to the beach, the crowd cheered _48_ (happy). Simmons said she stayed calm _49_ she strongly felt everyone would be okay in the end, especially when everyone pulled their strength together to save p
92、erfect strangers.Thanks to onlookers willingness to leap into action and Simmons _50_ (brave), beach goers saved several lives that day.【答案】41. struggling 42. to help 43. were caught 44. on 45. who 46. confident 47. swimmers 48. happily 49. because 50. bravery【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一个周末，Roberta Ursrey一家到
93、海边游玩时，他的两个儿子溺水后，当时没有救生员值班，情况变得越来越危险，许多人参与救援。幸亏旁观者Jessica Mae Simmons及时施救，拯救了几条生命。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但突然，Roberta Ursrey看到她的两个儿子正在离海岸边100码远的地方挣扎。结合句意表示“看见某人正在做某事”短语为see sb. doing sth.。故填struggling。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知help在句中应用非谓语动词，且本句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to help。【43题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：Ursrey的其他几个家庭成员和附近的一对夫
94、妇跳入水中帮助他们，结果被困在了潮水中。结合上文可知事情发生在过去应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为Several other Ursrey family members，谓语动词用复数。故填were caught。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：没有救生员值班，情况变得越来越危险。结合句意表示“值班”短语为on duty。故填on。【45题详解】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。故填who。【46题详解】考查形容词。根据上文felt为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，可知应填形容词con
95、fident，表示“自信的”。故填confident。【47题详解】考查名词的数。swimmer为可数名词，根据语境可知有好几个游泳者参与了救援，因此应该用复数形式。故填swimmers。【48题详解】考查副词。修饰动词cheer应用副词happily，作状语。故填happily。【49题详解】考查状语从句。句意：Simmons说，她之所以保持冷静，是因为她坚信每个人最后都会没事的，尤其是当每个人都鼓起勇气去拯救完全陌生的人的时候。此处为原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。【50题详解】考查名词。根据上文名词所有格Simmons，可知本空应填名词bravery，表
96、示“勇敢”。故填bravery。第四部分: 写作(共两节，满分 35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并 在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I always wanted to raise a pet, but my mot
97、her didnt agree with because I even couldnt look after herself well. But recently, my mother changes her attitude. She bought me a lovely cat for my birthday gift. I promised keep it well. Since raised this lovely creature, I became patient. The most important thing was to feed food on time and clea
98、ned the place that the cat lived. Sometimes I felt so dirty to do it, although I had made my promise and couldnt break my words. I learned a lot from raising a pet. I started to consider my mothers feelings when I became naughtily. I needed to make some changes and be a better girl.【答案】1.去掉with2.her
99、selfmyself3.changeschanged4.foras5.在keep前加to6.raisedraising7.cleanedclean8.thatwhere/in which9.althoughbut10.naughtilynaughty【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者得到一只可爱的猫作为生日礼物，从养猫中学会当自己淘气时，妈妈的感受，作者作出改变要成为一个更好的女孩。【详解】1.考查动词。句意：我总是想养一只宠物，但是我的妈妈不同意。句中with后没有宾语，故此处使用不及物动词agree，with多余，故去掉with。2.考查反身代词。句意：因为我甚至照顾不好我自
100、己。本句主语是I，结合语境可知， 此处指照顾不好“我自己”，故将herself改为myself。3.考查时态。句意：但是最近，我妈妈改变了她的态度。结合上下文内容可知，文章是讲述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，故将changes改为changed。4.考查介词。句意：她给我买了一只可爱的猫作为我的生日礼物。结合语境可知，此处指“作为”生日礼物，应使用介词as，故将for改为as。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：我承诺要好好养它。promise to do sth.承诺做某事，是固定搭配，故在keep前加to。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：自从养了这只可爱的动物，我变得有耐心。since在句中用作介词，
101、后接动名词，故将raise改为raising。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：最重要的事情是按时喂食和打扫猫住的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处和to feed food on time是并列表语，由and连接，第二个表语可省略不定式符号to，故将cleaned改为clean。8.考查定语从句。此处引导一个定语从句，先行词是the place，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可使用where引导或由“介词+关系词”in which引导，故将that改为where/in which。9.考查连词。句意：有时候我感觉做清洁很脏，但是我承诺过，不能食言。分析句意可知，“Sometimes I felt so dir
102、ty to do it”和“I had made my promise and couldnt break my words”之间是转折关系，应使用表示转折的连词but连接，故将although改为but。10.考查形容词。句意：当我变得淘气时，我开始考虑妈妈的感受。became在句中用作连系动词，后接形容词作表语，故将naughtily改为naughty。【点睛】 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)52. 假定你是李华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加，请写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括：1.自我介绍（包括英语能力）；2.参加意图（介绍中国，了解其他国家
103、）；3.希望获准。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a middle school student from China. Regards,Li Hua【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,I am Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I a
104、m interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and Id like to take part in it. Ive been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English. What is more, Ill be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well. I hop
105、e I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.Looking forward to your reply!Regards,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】本文属于提纲式书面表达，要求以李华自己的口吻写一封电子邮件，申请加入夏令营。包括：自我介绍（包括英语能力），参加意图（介绍中国，了解其他国家）以及希望得到批准。所以使用一般现在时和第一人称。考生在自我介绍的时候，可以根据自己的实际情况展开说明。高中作文写作，要注意在写作之前，首先认真审题，并在脑海中回想自己积累的哪些句式、句型、单词能用进来，
106、这些单词、句型都应是经典的，不会错的。写的过程中，多注意灵活使用定语从句，包括非限制性定语从句。另外还要注意应用文的格式。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it.宾语从句know that you welcome students from different countries and Id like to take part in it.现在完成进行时Ive been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
