1、Unit 1Great scientists(对应学生用书第113页)单词拼写应用.考纲单词会拼写、要识记1defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n. 失败2expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 n. 专家；行家3attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加4expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光5cure n. 治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治疗6absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心7suspect vt. 认为；怀疑 n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8foresee vt. 预见；预知9blame vt. 责备；谴责 n. 过失；责备10handle n. 柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵
2、11link vt.&n. 连接；联系12positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的13reject vt. 拒绝；抛弃14characteristic n. 特征；特性15analyse vt. 分析16physician n. 医生；内科医师17victim n. 受害者18enquiry n. 询问19severe adj. 严重的；严厉的20universe n. 宇宙；世界.派生单词能辨别1science n科学；技术scientist n科学家scientific adj.科学的2conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束3challe
3、nge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.挑战性的4pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution n污染5announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告6instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n命令；传授instructions n用法说明书；操作指南7construct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物8contribute vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献9enthusiasm n热心；热情；热忱enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的enthusias
4、tically adv.热情地10caution n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challengeLast week I got a new job in a big firm，and I found it very challenging(challenge)2The workers are constructing the bridge damaged by the flood，and the bridge under construc
5、tion connects the road with the town.(construct)3I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save peoples lives.(science)4The headmaster contributed to a newspaper to praise the ladys generous contributions to the school.(contribute)拓展联想后缀sion构成的抽象名词集锦confusion混乱revision 修正；复习e
6、xpression词语；表达方式 permission允许profession职业；专业“观点；态度”的高频形容词negative消极的doubtful怀疑的subjective主观的 critical批评的objective客观的短语多维应用.短语回顾会默写1put_forward提出2expose.to 使显露；暴露3apart_from 除之外；此外4make_sense 讲得通；有意义5draw_a_conclusion 得出结论6link.to. 将和联系或连接起来7(be)strict_with. 对严格的8be_to_blame 应受谴责；应负责任9point_of_view 态
7、度；观点；看法10slow_down 减速11lead_to 通向；导致12look_into 调查.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)1Everyone is supposed to put_forward some suggestions on how to improve our environment at the meeting.2We must be_strict_with our students while we should give them love and care as well.3I wrote a letter of complaint，and the man
8、ager has promised to look_into the matter.4Eating too much fat can lead_to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.5Dont waste time thinking about a sentence which doesnt make_sense6Apart_from the English class, I took an active part in English Corner and other afterclass English activities.拓展联想
9、“动词n.to”必备短语集锦add.to增添；增加devote.to贡献给compare.to把比作 supply.to供应给句式结构仿写教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.neither.nor.既不也不Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.1.我们和动物一样离不开水，农业和工业也离不开水。We，as well as animals，cannot live without water and neither_agriculture_nor_industry can go without it.2.every time引导时间状语从句So ma
10、ny thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.2.每当我听到这首歌，它就使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。Every_time_I_hear_the_song，it makes me think of the happy days when I was with Granny.3.only状语从句位于句首时主句须倒装Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.3.只
11、有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。Only_when_you_can_find_peace_in_your_heart will you keep good relationships with others.4.suggest后跟从句用虚拟语气To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.4.一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。(2016年全国卷)Some classmates suggest we
12、_should_go_to_places_of_interest nearby.(对应学生用书第114页)精讲6个考纲单词 conclude vt.& vi.推断出；结束；达成；缔结经典例句He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.(牛津词典)他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同这项计划。(1)concludeconclude sth. 以结束to conclude 最后(2)conclusion n. 结论；结束come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in co
13、nclusion 总而言之He concluded his speech with a famous saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束了他的演讲。Ive come to the conclusion(conclude) that hes not the right person for the job.我断定他不适合做这份工作。In conclusion，Id like to express my thanks to my family.总而言之，我想向我的家人表达感谢。联想发散表示“总而言之”的其他表达
14、还有：in short，in brief，in a word，all in all，to sum up，briefly(speaking)，on the whole等。 链接写作 【导学号：65670091】我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。I drew_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion)I concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(c
15、onclude) attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理 vi.专心；留意教材原句John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。attend a meeting/a lecture/church参加会议/听讲座/做礼拜attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；倾听；专心于；照顾I am so so
16、rry that I wont be able to attend the lecture on American history tomorrow afternoon.非常抱歉我明天下午不能去听关于美国历史的演讲了。She was praised for having attended on her sick motherinlaw for over thirty years.她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。 链接写作今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thi
17、ng to attend_toI cant go out with you tonight because I have an important thing to deal_with expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临经典例句Dont expose your skin to direct sunlight，or youll get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。(1)expose.to使显露；暴露be exposed to 暴露于；处于危险中(2)expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭发某事Some people think we sho
18、uldnt expose the children to playing computer games.一些人认为我们不应该让孩子们接触电脑游戏。As we all know，it is a good idea to be_exposed(expose)to the real language environment.众所周知，接触真实的语言环境是个好主意。 链接写作长期暴晒于阳光下对皮肤有害。Being_exposed_to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.Exposing_yourself_to the sunl
19、ight for too long will be harmful to your skin.If_exposed_to the sunlight for too long，you will get your skin injured.(if省略句) absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解；掌握一词多义写出下列句中absorb的含义Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.吞并After absorbing
20、enough water，the plants grow well.吸收I keep the lesson simple because the students cant absorb that much.理解absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.into. 把吸收进absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be)absorbed in. 全神贯注于联想发散be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in.。类似的结构还有：be lost in.陷入；专心致志于be caught in. 被
21、困在be buried in. 埋头于be devoted to. 致力于；专心于be occupied in. 忙于be involved in. 专注于 链接写作汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她这件事。(普通表达)Tom was_so_absorbed_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.(高级表达)So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.(用so.that.的倒装句)(高级表达)Absorbed_in_his_work，Tom forgot
22、to inform her of it.(用过去分词短语作状语) blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于n过失；责备经典例句Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others place.我们应该多交流、换位思考而不是相互责怪。(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上be to blame(for.) 应承担责任；该受责备 (用主动形式表被动意义)(2)bear/take the blame for.对负责la
23、y/put the blame for sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband.她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。As a matter of fact，the driver was not to_blame(blame)for the accident.事实上，这次事故不怪司机。We were ready to take the blame for what had hap
24、pened.我们准备对所发生的事承担责任。 contribute vi.& vt.捐献；贡献；捐助高考佳句If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.(2015年全国卷)如果你想往我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章寄给我。(1)contribute sth.to.把某物捐献给contribute to 为做出贡献；有助于；导致；为撰稿(2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿make a contribution/contributions to
25、 对做出贡献Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes to the homeless people.每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。Doing small things well contributes to building(build)up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心，并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。 链接写作 【导学号：65670092】他对这所大学做的贡献如此之大，以至于新图书馆以
26、他的名字命名。(普通表达)He_made_such_a_great_contribution_to_the_university_that the new library was named after him.(such.that.状语从句)(高级表达)Such_a_great_contribution_he_made_to_the_university that the new library was named after him.(such.that.倒装句)诠释2个核心短语 put forward 提出(建议)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨一词多义写出下列句中put forwar
27、d的含义 【导学号：65670093】As for the problem you put forward in your last letter, I think it is a wise choice for you to buy an edictionary.提出I think he is fit for the position；therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate.推荐You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.将(钟表)向前拨They have put forward t
28、he date of their wedding by one week.将提前put aside 节省；储蓄；储存；留出put away 放好；积蓄put off 延期；推迟put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put through 接通电话；完成；使经受The match has been put off until tomorrow because of bad weather.(朗文辞典)由于天气不好，比赛推迟到明天。 make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通经典例句It doesnt make sense to buy the cheapest brand of compute
29、r just to save a few dollars.只是为了省一点钱买最便宜牌子的电脑没意义。(1)make sense of理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)(3)there is no/little sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make_sense_of them at all.这篇文章有那么多生词，我根本不理解它
30、们的意义。As far as Im concerned，there is no sense in getting(get) upset about it now.就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。In no sense should_you_lose_heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.你决不应该灰心丧气。继续努力，你迟早会成功的。突破2个高考句型 (教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。neither.nor.
31、“既不也不”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either.or. 不是就是not only. but also. 不仅而且not.but. 不是而是As far as Im concerned，neither you nor this young man is to blame for the accident.在我看来，你和这个年轻人都不应该为这次事故负责任。Not only John and Tom but also their sister，Mary，takes(take)great interest in the pi
32、ano lessons.不仅约翰和汤姆，而且他们的姐姐玛丽也对钢琴课非常感兴趣。Either you or one of your students is(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。 (教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak.每次暴发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。every time为名词词组，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当时”。名词词组
33、作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：(1)由time构成的名词词组：each time，the first/last time，next time，any time等。(2)the瞬间名词：the minute/instant/second/moment等。I think of the happy hours we spent together every time I see these photos.每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。The_first_time_I_heard_the_plan_he_put_forward，I felt very excited.我第一次
34、听到他提出的计划时，感到很兴奋。Next_time_you_come_to_Beijing,_be sure to let me know in advance.下次你来北京，务必提前告诉我。多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型(对应学生用书第117页).单句语法填空1When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，absorbed(absorb) in conversation.2Because of the severe pollution(pollute)，the water in the rive
35、r is too dirty to drink.3Not knowing what was wrong with his car，Martin decided to send for an experienced man to_handle(handle) the problem.4Children, when exposed(expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.5Finding a solution to this problem is one of the
36、greatest challenges(challenge) faced by scientists today.6Generally speaking, parents like the teachers who are strict with their children.7It is common that nowadays some students put the blame on their poor performance in study for their low IQ.8Neither I nor Jane and Mary are(be) tired of having
37、one examination after another.We really dont want to go to school.9Always read the instructions(instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.10Professor Wang said the reason of shortsightedness is complicated and that there is still no excellent cure for it.单句改错1After the
38、match the judge was announced that our team won the title.去掉was2In respect of the problem, we dont have to draw conclusion.draw后加a3It doesnt make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want.去掉a4The plan was put forward at yesterdays meeting，in my opinion，is quite practical.去掉was5He was s
39、truck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin.去掉for(对应学生用书第118页).课文语法填空根据P23课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。John Snow was a famous doctor in London, who was so expert that he 1._(attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was famous for 2._(defeat)“King Cholera”Cholera was a d
40、eadly disease and neither its cause nor its cure 3._(understand). John Snow wanted to face the challenge 4._ solve the problem. He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began his enquiry. He found that many victi
41、ms 5._(link) to the outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the handle removed. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He drew 6._conclusion that the polluted water was 7._(blame)The water 8._(company) were instructed not to expose people 9._polluted water any more. 10._(final)“King Cholera”
42、was defeated.【答案】1.attended2.defeating3.was understood4.and5.linked6.a7.to blamepanies9.to10.Finally 【导学号：65670094】.写作改错双练根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。1众所周知，科学家对世界做出了巨大贡献。(contribution)2就我个人而言，科学家是那些对工作严格要求、专心于科学事业的人。(strict；be absorbed in)3他们对他们得出的结论非常谨慎。(be cautious about；conclusion)4他们反复做实验检验他们提
43、出的理论。(put forward)5他们铭记如果理论不以事实为基础就没有任何意义。(be based on；make no sense)第一步练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。_第二步练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。As is known to us，scientists have made great contribution to the world. As far as Im concerned, scientists are strict with their work and absorbing in scientific resea
44、rch. They are very cautious about every conclusion they draw. They do experiments again and again test the theory they put forward. They keep it in mind that a theory make no sense if it isnt based on facts.【答案】As is known to us，scientists have made great to the world. As far as Im concerned, scientists are strict their work and in scientific research. They are very cautious about every conclusion they draw. They do experiments again and again test the theory they put forward. They keep it in mind that a theory no sense if it isnt based on facts.