1、温馨提示： 此题库为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，关闭Word文档返回原板块。 一、名词- 2 -二、主谓一致- 4 -三、冠词- 4 -四、代词- 5 -五、介词和介词短语- 7 -六、形容词、副词和倍数表达法- 11 -七、动词和动词短语- 14 -八、情态动词- 19 -九、虚拟语气- 21 -十、动词的时态和语态- 23 -十一、非谓语动词- 30 -十二、名词性从句- 36 -十三、定语从句- 38 -十四、连词和状语从句- 42 -十五、省略- 46 -十六、倒装- 47 -十七、强调及其他- 48 -十八、情景交际- 49 -考点1 单项填空一、名
2、词 1. (2015安徽卷30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it someand then let me know.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority【解析】选A。考查名词。句意:你不必现在告诉我你的答案。想一想,然后再告诉我。give it some thought想一想。thought思考,想;support支持;protection保护;authority权威,权力。2. (2015福建卷24)The failure was a bigto him,but he wasn
3、t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A.blow B.issue C.excuse D.factor【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:这次失败对他来说是一个很大的打击,但是他没有灰心并很快像以前一样满腔热忱。blow打击;issue问题;excuse借口;factor因素。结合句意,可知选A。3. (2015江苏卷32)Some schools will have to makein agreement with the national soccer reform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.comme
4、ntsD.achievements【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:很多学校将做出调整以和国家足球改革保持一致。adjustment调整,符合句意。judgment判断;comment评论;achievement成就。4. (2015江苏卷35)Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.Id like to,but Im afraid she wont be happy with my.A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:戴夫,去和你妈妈说对不起。我想去,但恐怕她会对我的道歉不高兴。由上句中的
5、sorry可知应选用apology道歉。5. (2015浙江卷15)One of the most effective ways to reduceis to talk about feelings with someone you trust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.power【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人谈谈你的情感。production生产,产量;stress压力;energy能量;power力量,权力。根据句意可知B正确。6. (2015湖北卷21)When he was running after his
6、 brother,the boy lost hisand had a bad fall.A.balanceB.chanceC.memoryD.place【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:当这个男孩追赶他哥哥的时候失去平衡狠狠地摔倒了。lose ones balance失去平衡,符合题意。chance机会;memory记忆;place地方。7. (2015湖北卷22)He gave himself a new name to hide hiswhen he went to carry out the secret task.A.emotionB.talent C.identityD.treasu
7、re【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:当他去执行这项秘密任务时给了自己一个新名字来掩藏身份。identity身份,符合题意。emotion情绪;talent天分;treasure财富。二、主谓一致(2015湖南卷27)It is important to remember that successa sum of small efforts made each day and oftenyears to achieve.A.is;takesB.are;takesC.are;takeD.is;take【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意:重要的是(我们)必须铭记成功是由每天点点滴滴的努力而且要花很多
8、年才能获得的。分析句子结构得知宾语从句的主语是success,and连接两个并列谓语,都要用单数形式。三、冠词1. (2015浙江卷2)Janes grandmother had wanted to writechildrens book for many years,but one thing or another always got inway.A.a;不填B.the;theC.不填;theD.a;the【解析】选D。考查冠词用法。句意:简的祖母多年来一直想写一本儿童书,但是总是有种种原因耽搁了。childrens book的中心词是book,是可数名词单数,前面要用不定冠词a;get
9、in the way妨碍,挡道。2. (2015陕西卷14)more learned a man is,more modest he usually becomes.A.The;theB.A;a C.The;a D.A;the【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:一个人越是博学,他往往变得越是谦虚。“the more.,the more.”译为“越,越”,故选A。3. (2015四川卷5)Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to beBeethoven.A.aB.anC.theD.不填【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:布赖恩有作曲天赋,他很
10、有可能成为一个贝多芬式的人物。不定冠词用在人名前,表示“像那样的人”。【易错误区】零冠词还是a(1)误导原因:在人名等专有名词前一般不加冠词。(2)去伪存真:表示“像那样的人”时前面要加不定冠词。4. (2015重庆卷3)I just heardbank where Dora works was robbed bygunman wearing a mask.A.the;/B.a;/C.the;aD.a;the【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意:我刚听说多拉工作的银行被一个戴面具的持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空特指“多拉工作的那家银行”;第二空为泛指,表示“一个戴面具的持枪歹徒”。四、代词1. (2015福建
11、卷21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey,butcontained any useful suggestions.A.all B.none C.either D.neither【解析】选D。考查代词辨析。句意:研究小组在调查的基础上出具了两份报告,但是没一份含有有用的建议。all和none作代词时,指三者或三者以上的数量,all表示肯定“全部,都”,none表示否定“没有一个”;either或neither则指代两者,either表示肯定,意为“两者之中任何一个”;neither表示否定,意为“两者都不”。由
12、two reports和连词but可知应用表示否定意义的neither。2. (2015浙江卷12)How would you likeif you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A.them B.one C.those D.it【解析】选D。考查代词的用法。句意:如果你正在看你最喜欢的电视节目,有人走进房间,不征求你的意见就把电视关掉,你会怎么想?表示喜好的动词(如like,dislike,hate,ap
13、preciate等)后面有从句时,不能直接跟从句,需要用it作宾语,然后再接从句。3. (2015天津卷2)The quality of education in this small school is better thanin some larger schools.A.thatB.oneC.itD.this【解析】选A。考查代词辨析。句意:这所小学校的教学质量要比一些大学校的教学质量好。that可以指代可数名词单数,表特指,也可指代不可数名词;one指代可数名词单数,表示泛指;it指代同名同物;this指代上文提到的事物。the quality of education不可数,故选A。
14、【易错误区】that/one/it指代不清(1)误导原因:学生搞不清楚三者的指代对象以及是特指还是泛指(2)去伪存真:that指代可数名词单数,表特指相当于the one,也可指代不可数名词;one指代可数名词单数,表泛指;it指代同名同物。4. (2015陕西卷13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against.A.anotherB.the otherC.otherD.either【解析】选B。考查代词。句意:为了取暖,这个水手坐在火堆旁,一只光脚摩擦另一只。another另
15、一个,用于三者或者三者以上;the other另一个,用于两者;other其他的;either任何一个,也。脚是两只,故选B。5. (2015四川卷10)Niki is always full of ideas,butis useful to my knowledge.A.nothingB.no oneC.neitherD.none【解析】选D。考查代词。句意:妮基总有很多点子,但在我看来,没有一个是有用的。none表示一个也没有(三个或三个以上)。nothing没有东西,没有事情;no one相当于nobody“没有人”;neither两者都不。6. (2015重庆卷2)The meetin
16、g will be held in September,butknows the date for sure.A.everybodyB.nobodyC.anybodyD.somebody【解析】选B。考查不定代词。句意:会议将于9月举行,但没有人知道确切日期。根据关键词but可知,此处为转折关系,故选B。五、介词和介词短语1. (2015安徽卷33)They believe that there are transport developmentsthat will bring a lot of changes for the better.A.out of date B.out of ord
17、erC.around the clockD.around the corner【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意:他们认为即将带来许多改善的交通运输发展就要到来了。题干中第二个that从句作transport developments的定语。out of date过时;out of order混乱,出故障;around the clock全天候;around the corner就要到来。2. (2015福建卷22)A common memory they all havetheir school days is the school uniform.A.of B.on C.to D.with【
18、解析】选A。考查介词用法。句意:对于他们的上学的那些日子,他们都共同记得的是他们的校服。句中they all have作a common memory的定语,结合句意可知空格用介词of构成词组“a common memory of their school days”。3. (2015福建卷32)Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to livenature.A.in view of B.in need ofC.in touch with D.in harm
19、ony with【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意:人类生命被认为是自然的一部分,同样,我们生存的唯一方式就是与自然和谐相处。in harmony with与和谐相处,符合题意;in view of鉴于;in need of需要;in touch with与有联系。4. (2015江苏卷34)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be aroundThomas Edison.A.thanks toB.regardless ofC.aside fromD.but for【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:要不是有托马斯爱迪生的话,我们就
20、没有许多现在我们从中获益的事物。but for要不是,符合语境。thanks to多亏;regardless of不管;aside from除之外。5. (2015浙江卷3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homesanimals both on land and sea?A.about B.to C.with D.over【解析】选B。考查介词用法。句意:你听说过这样的树吗?它们既是陆地上动物的栖息地,又是海洋动物的栖息地。be homes to是的所在地/栖息地,是的家。6. (2015浙江卷10)Most people work bec
21、ause its unavoidable.,there are some people who actually enjoy work.A.As a result B.In additionC.By contrast D.In conclusion【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意:大多数人工作是因为工作是不可避免的。相反,有些人的确很喜欢工作。as a result结果;in addition另外,此外;by contrast相反,相比之下;in conclusion总之。根据句意可知前后两句之间是对比关系。【易错误区】by contrast还是in addition(1)误导原因:这两个
22、短语虽然意思不同,但把in addition放到空格处乍一看句意似乎也通顺。(2)去伪存真:通读整个题干就会发现,前后两句在意义上是相反的,是一种对比关系,所以应该选by contrast。7. (2015浙江卷17)These comments camespecific questions often asked by local newsmen.A.in memory of B.in response toC.in touch with D.in possession of【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:这些评论是对当地新闻记者时常提出的各种具体问题的回答。in memory of为
23、纪念;in response to响应,回答;in touch with同有联系,和有接触;in possession of拥有。由句意可知此处指“对这些问题的回答”。8. (2015湖北卷30)This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn youthat if you smoked here you would be fined.A.in advance B.in detailC.in total D.in general【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:这个会议室是一个无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果你在这里吸烟就会
24、被罚款。in advance提前,事先,符合题意;in detail详细地;in total总共;in general一般来说。9. (2015陕西卷12)The little pupil took his grandmathe arm and walked her across the street.A.onB.byC.in D.at【解析】选B。考查介词。句意:这个小学生挽着他奶奶的胳膊,扶她过了马路。take sb.by the arm固定搭配,译为“挽(抓)着某人的胳膊”,故选B。10. (2015重庆卷10)Last year was the warmest year on reco
25、rd,with global temperature 0.68the average.A.below B.on C.at D.above【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,全球的气温比平均高0.68摄氏度。above the average超过一般水平,在平均数以上。六、形容词、副词和倍数表达法1. (2015安徽卷26)Im soto all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.A.specialB.superiorC.gratefulD.attractive【解析】选C。考
26、查形容词。句意:我对所有的那些志愿者是如此感激,因为他们帮助我愉快地结束了我那糟糕的日子。special特别的,专门的;superior超级的;grateful感激的;attractive吸引人的。结合句意,选C。2. (2015安徽卷31)They gave money to the old peoples home eitheror through their companies.A.legally B.sincerelyC.personally D.deliberately【解析】选C。考查副词。句意:他们要么是以个人名义要么是通过他们的公司向这家养老院捐了钱。根据句中表示并列关系的短语
27、“either.or.”,可知空格处也表示“以某种途径”。legally合法地;sincerely真诚地;personally本人,亲自;deliberately故意地。3. (2015福建卷23)It wasof Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.A.careless B.considerate C.patient D.generous【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意:Michael很体贴,他通知了我们他耽搁了以免我们感到担心。it was considerate of sb.to do sth.某人做某事很体
28、贴。4. (2015江苏卷31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough andreview of the case.A.comprehensive B.complicatedC.conscious D.crucial【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意:警察决定对这起案件进行彻底全面的审查。comprehensive全面的,符合句意。complicated复杂的;conscious有意识的;crucial关键性的。5. (2015浙江卷13)Most of us,if we know even a little about where
29、our food comes from,understand that every bite put into our mouths wasalive.A.steadilyB.instantlyC.formerlyD.permanently【解析】选C。考查副词辨析。句意:我们中的大多数人,哪怕知道一点儿食物来自哪里,都会懂得放进嘴里的每一口食物以前都是有生命的。steadily稳定地;instantly立刻,马上;formerly以前,原来;permanently永久地,长期地。根据句意可知C正确。6. (2015浙江卷14)Listening is thus an active,not a
30、,behavior consisting of hearing,understanding and remembering.A.considerate B.sensitiveC.reliable D.passive【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意:如此说来,听是一种积极的行为,而不是消极的行为。它是由听、理解和记忆组成的。considerate考虑周到的,体谅的;sensitive敏感的;reliable可靠的;passive消极的。根据句意可知D正确。7.(2015湖北卷27)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment,he
31、has to hurry a little if he wants to be.A.accurateB.punctualC.efficientD.reasonable【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意:即使会议大厅在他公寓附近,如果他想准时也必须快点。punctual准时的,符合题意。accurate精确的;efficient效率高的;reasonable合理的。8. (2015湖北卷28)I dont think what he said isto the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.A.faithful B.paralle
32、l C.relevant D.similar【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我觉得他说的和我们正在讨论的话题不相关。他已经跑题了。be relevant to和相关,符合题意。faithful忠诚的;parallel平行的;similar相似的。【易错误区】relevant还是similar(1)误导原因:我们学过固定短语be similar to和相似。(2)去伪存真:能和to搭配的形容词有很多,根据句意“他已经跑题了”可知应用be relevant to与相关。9. (2015湖北卷29)The girl used to be shy,but isgetting active in
33、 group work and is more willing to express herself.A.gradually B.usuallyC.previously D.merely【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个女孩过去很害羞。但是渐渐地在团队中变得积极并且更愿意表达她自己了。gradually逐渐地,符合题意。usually通常地;previously以前地;merely仅仅。10. (2015四川卷7)Andy is content with the toy.It ishe has ever got.A.a betterB.the betterC.a best D.the
34、best【解析】选D。考查最高级。句意:安迪对这个玩具很满意,这是他得到的最好的(玩具)。根据语境可知,在他得到的所有玩具中这个是最好的,最高级前要用the。七、动词和动词短语1. (2015安徽卷22)If you come to visit China,you willa culture of amazing depth and variety.A.develop B.createC.substitute D.experience【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你来参观中国,你将会体验到一种令人惊奇的深奥并且多样的文化。develop发展;create创造;substitute替
35、代;experience体验。结合句意,选D。2. (2015福建卷25)It is said that body language55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.A.lies in B.accounts forC.consists of D.goes with【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:据说身势语在给人的第一印象中占百分之五十五的比例而说的话语仅占百分之七。lie in位于,在于;account for占的比例;consist of由组成;go with与相匹配。结合句意,可知
36、选B。3. (2015江苏卷22)Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged toto their greatest potential.A.accelerate B.improveC.perform D.develop【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展自己潜力的地方。develop发展,符合句意。accelerate加速;improve提高;perform表现。4. (2015江苏卷27)The university started some new language pro
37、grams tothe countrys Silk Road Economic Belt.A.apply toB.cater forC.appeal toD.hunt for【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:大学开设了一些新的语言项目,这是为了迎合国家的丝绸之路经济带的建设。cater for迎合,符合句意。apply to申请,应用;appeal to吸引;hunt for搜索。5. (2015江苏卷29)The whole teamCristiano Ronaldo,and he seldom lets them down.A.wait onB.focus onC.count onD.
38、call on【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:这个队伍都指望C罗,他很少让他们失望。count on指望,依靠,符合句意。focus on集中;call on号召;wait on服侍。6. (2015浙江卷5)Studies have shown that the right and left earsound differently.A.produceB.pronounce C.process D.download【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:研究表明右耳朵和左耳朵对声音的处理是不同的。produce生产,制造;pronounce发音;process加工,处理;download下载
39、。声音不是耳朵发出的,而是经过耳朵的处理、传输进入大脑,所以A、B、D三项都不正确,故选C。7. (2015浙江卷7)Body language cana lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.A.take away B.throw awayC.put away D.give away【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:肢体语言会暴露出你的很多情绪,所以双手交叉抱在胸前传递出的信号是你在自卫。take away带走,拿走;
40、throw away扔掉;put away把收起来放好;give away泄露;分发;出卖。根据句意选D。8. (2015浙江卷11)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses orour emotions than for straight facts.A.block off B.appeal toC.subscribe to D.come across【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:和直接的事实相比,我们对让能我们的感官兴奋或吸引我们情感的事情记得更清楚。block off阻挡,封堵;appeal
41、 to吸引,呼吁;subscribe to赞同,订阅;come across偶然遇到。根据句意选B。9. (2015浙江卷16)If steel is heavier than water,why are ships able toon the sea?A.float B.drown C.shrink D.split【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:如果钢比水重,为什么轮船能漂浮在海上呢?float漂浮;drown淹没,淹死;shrink收缩;split分裂,离开。根据句意选A。10. (2015天津卷10)Tom had tothe invitation to the party last
42、weekend because he was too busy.A.turn in B.turn downC.turn overD.turn to【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:汤姆不得不拒绝上周末的晚会邀请,因为他太忙了。turn in上交;turn down拒绝,调小;turn over移交,翻转;turn to转向。根据句意选B。11. (2015天津卷11)If you have any doubts about your health,youd betteryour doctor at once.A.convinceB.consultC.avoid D.affect【解析】选B。考
43、查动词辨析。句意:如果对你的健康有任何疑问,你最好立刻咨询你的医生。convince说服,使信服;consult咨询,商量;avoid避免;affect影响。根据句意选B。12. (2015天津卷14)See,your computer has broken down again!It doesntsense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.A.have B.make C.display D.bring【解析】选B。考查动词短语搭配。句意:看,你的电脑又出故障了!为了节省一点钱而买最便宜的电脑是行
44、不通的。make sense有意义,行得通,固定短语。13.(2015湖北卷23)The team are working hard tothe problem so that they can find the best solution.A.faceB.preventC.raiseD.analyze【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:这个小组正在努力分析这个问题以便能找到最好的解决办法。analyze分析,符合题意。face面对;prevent预防;raise举起。 14.(2015湖北卷24)In order not to be heard,she pointed her finger u
45、pwards tothat someone was moving about upstairs.A.whisperB.signal C.declareD.complain【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:为了不被听到,她手指向上示意有人正在上楼。signal用动作(手势)示意,符合题意。whisper低声耳语;declare宣告;complain抱怨。【易错误区】signal还是whisper(1)误导原因:手指向上这样的身势语容易误导学生认为是要避免出声而选择whisper。(2)去伪存真:此处是手指向上示意有人正在上楼,signal有示意的含义,故用signal合适。15.(2015湖北卷
46、25)There is no doubt that this candidates advantagehis ability to communicate with foreigners in English.A.leaves out B.goes against C.lies in D.makes up【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:毫无疑问这位候选人的优势在于他用英语与外国人交流的能力。lie in在于,符合题意。leave out省去,删去;go against违背;make up组成,化妆。16.(2015湖北卷26)Dont worry.Im sure your missing
47、 glasses willsooner or later.A.stand outB.break upC.get outD.turn up【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:不要担心。我确信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现。turn up出现,露面,符合题意。stand out突出,显眼;break up打碎,分裂;get out出去。17. (2015陕西卷25)Peter willhis post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.A.take upB.put up C.add upD.break up【解析】选A。考
48、查短语辨析。句意:在下个月月末,彼得将会担任旅行社的负责人。take up从事,占据,举起,接着;put up搭建,张贴,举起,提出;add up加起来;break up分解,关系破裂。根据句意选A。八、情态动词1. (2015北京卷29)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I reallygo now. My daughter is home alone.A.mayB.canC.mustD.dare【解析】选C。考查情态动词。句意:你就不能多待会儿吗?天晚了,我现在必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家呢。may“可能,可以”;can“能够,可
49、以”;must“必须”,口气不容置疑;dare“敢,敢于”。2. (2015福建卷27)Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.Oh,its too bad.Youhave made full preparations.A.must B.can C.would D.should【解析】选D。考查情态动词。句意:对不起,妈妈!我这次面试又没过。哦,真是太糟糕了。你本该做好充分准备的。should have done本该做某事而实际上未做。此处表示责备口吻。3. (2015浙江卷4)It was so noisy that wehear ourselv
50、es speak.A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.mustnt D.neednt【解析】选A。考查情态动词。句意:(环境)这么嘈杂,以至于我们都听不到自己说的话。couldnt不能,不会;shouldnt不应该;mustnt不许,不可以;neednt不需要。根据句意可知A正确。4. (2015陕西卷21)Youfeel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.A.should B.need C.shall D.may【解析】选
51、D。考查情态动词。句意:你或许觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百确信,你以后会感激自己做过的一切。should应该;need需要;shall将会;may或许,可能。5. (2015四川卷2)Yoube careful with the camera.It costs!A.mustB.mayC.canD.will【解析】选A。考查情态动词。句意:你必须小心使用这台照相机,它很贵的。根据语境可知,这里表示“命令和要求”,故要用must。6. (2015重庆卷12)Yoube Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.A.mus
52、tB.canC.willD.shall【解析】选A。考查情态动词表推测。句意:你一定是凯罗尔。这么多年你一点儿都没变。根据语境可知,此处表示肯定的推测,故用must“一定”。九、虚拟语气1. (2015安徽卷32)It is lucky we booked a room,or wenowhere to stay now.A.had B.had hadC.would have D.would have had【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意:真幸运,我们订了一个房间,要不然,我们现在就会无处可住了。根据句中连接词or“要不然,否则”,和时间副词now,可知后半句是对现在事情的一种假设,应使用虚拟
53、语气。故选C。2. (2015北京卷34)If Iit with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it.A.didnt seeB.werent seeingC.wouldnt seeD.hadnt seen【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是我亲眼看到,我是不会相信的。根据主句的时态wouldnt have believed可以判断,事情发生在过去,所以条件状语从句应该使用过去完成时,故选D项。3. (2015江苏卷28)It might have saved me some troublethe schedule.A.did I knowB.ha
54、ve I knownC.do I knowD.had I known【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意:要是知道安排,我可能会省去一些麻烦。这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,从句谓语使用had done的形式,此句是将had提前,省略if的形式。4. (2015天津卷7)Ihave worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A.mightnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.couldnt【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意:来新学校前我本没有必要担心的,因为这里的
55、同学都对我很友好。neednt have done本没有必要做某事。5. (2015天津卷13)I wish Iat my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.A.will be B.would beC.have been D.had been【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意:我真希望上周二参加我妹妹的婚礼,但是那时我正好在纽约出差。wish后面跟从句时,从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。如果与现在的事实相反,从句谓语动词要用一般过去时;如果与过去的事实相反,从句谓语动词要用过去完成时。根
56、据last Tuesday可知是与过去的事实相反,故选D。6. (2015陕西卷23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish Ias well as her.A.dance B.will danceC.had danced D.danced【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意:艾琳是个了不起的舞蹈家。我多希望也能和她跳得一样好。wish后面跟从句时从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。如果是与现在的事实相反,从句谓语动词要用一般过去时,与过去的事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去完成时。分析句子可知此处谈论的是现在的情况,故谓语动词用一般过去时,选D。7. (2015重庆卷7)Witho
57、ut his wartime experiences,Hemingwayhis famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didnt write B.hadnt writtenC.wouldnt write D.wouldnt have written【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意:如果海明威没有战争经历的话,他就不会写出著名的小说永别了,武器。此处表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟,介词短语without.相当于if he hadnt had his wartime experiences,故主句谓语要用wouldnt have done。十、动词的时态和语态1. (20
58、15安徽卷24)Just as I got to the school gate,I realized Imy book in the cafe.A.have left B.had leftC.would leave D.was leaving【解析】选B。考查动词的时态。句意:就在我到达学校门口时,我意识到我把我的书落在咖啡馆里了。句中as引导的时间状语从句和主句的时态都是一般过去时,空格处的句子是realize的宾语从句。结合句意,可知宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,且已完成,故用过去完成时态。2. (2015安徽卷29)It is reported that a s
59、pace stationon the moon in years to come.A.will be building B.will be builtC.has been building D.has been built【解析】选B。考查动词的时态语态。句意:据报道,未来几年,月球上将修建一座空间站。结合句中时间状语“in years to come在接下来的几年里”,以及station与build的逻辑关系可知用一般将来时的被动语态。3. (2015北京卷22)Did you enjoy the party?Yes.Wewell by our hosts.A.were treatedB.w
60、ould be treatedC.treatedD.had treated【解析】选A。考查动词时态及语态。句意:你喜欢那个聚会吗?是的,我们受到了主人很好的招待。根据问句中的did可知空处应用过去时,且we和treat是动宾关系,用被动语态,故选择一般过去时的被动语态。4.(2015北京卷26)In the last few years,Chinagreat achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had madeC.was making D.is making【解析】选A。考查时态。句意:在过去几年里,中国在环境保护方面取
61、得了极大的成就。根据句意和时间状语In the last few years可知,应该使用现在完成时态。5. (2015北京卷27)Did you have difficulty finding Anns house?Not really.Sheus clear directions and we were able to find it easily.A.was to give B.had givenC.was giving D.would give【解析】选B。考查时态。句意:你们找到安的家有困难吗?没有。她已经告诉过我们很清晰的方位,我们很容易就找到了。根据情景可知,give的动作发生在
62、问句中动词have前,have问句使用的是一般过去时,因此give要用过去完成时态。6. (2015北京卷30)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.Ihim later.A.will call B.have calledC.call D will be calling【解析】选A。考查时态。句意:约翰逊博士现在不在办公室。好的,我待会儿再打给他。由时间状语later和情景可知,此处表示临时性的打算,应该使用will表示一般将来时。7. (2015福建卷26)To my delight,Ifrom hundreds of
63、 applicants to attend the opening ceremony.A.was chosen B.was being chosenC.would choose D.had chosen【解析】选A。考查时态和语态。句意:令我高兴的是,我从几百名申请者中被选出来去出席开幕式。根据To my delight可知,题干中所描述的事肯定是发生了,故用一般过去时。又因为主语“I”与动词choose之间有逻辑上的动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动形式。8. (2015福建卷30)Where is Peter?I cant find him anywhere.He went to the li
64、brary after breakfast andhis essay there ever since.A.wrote B.had writtenC.has been writing D.is writing【解析】选C。考查动词时态。句意:彼得在哪里?我到处都找不到他。他早饭后就去图书馆了,之后就一直在那里写他的文章。根据答语后半句中的时间状语“ever since自那以后”可知谓语用现在完成进行时态。【易错误区】“一般过去时态”还是“现在完成(进行)时态”(1)误导原因:学生往往根据句中的表示过去的时间或是动词的过去式对并列词and后的时态作出判断,即易误用一般过去时态。(2)去伪存真:表
65、示发生在过去的动作与现在没关系,该动作常用一般过去时态。表示发生在过去的动作,但又提到该动作对现在的影响还存在,那么用现在完成(进行)时态。9. (2015江苏卷30)The reason why prices,and still are,too high is complex,and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A.were B.will be C.have been D.had been【解析】选A。考查时态。句意:价格过去高现在依然高的原因很复杂,没有任何简短的讨论能够满意地解释这个问题。根据st
66、ill are可以判断前面讲述的是过去的情况,故使用一般过去时。10. (2015浙江卷8)Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child,few people guessed that hea famous scientist whose theories would change the world.A.has been B.had beenC.was going to be D.was【解析】选C。考查动词时态。句意:阿尔伯特爱因斯坦出生于1879年。在他小的时候,几乎没有人想到他会成为一个其理论将会改变世界的著名科学家。根据as a child和
67、guessed可知that从句中应该用过去将来时态。11. (2015天津卷6)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because shea class at that time.A.will teachB.would teachC.has taughtD.will be teaching【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意:简不能参加今天下午三点的会议了,因为她那个时候正在讲课。根据“3 oclock this afternoon”可知是将来某个时间点,故用将来进行时,表示将来的某个时间点正在做的事情。12. (2015
68、天津卷9)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreementso far by the two sides.A.has been reached B.was reachedC.will reach D.will have reached【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意:虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判,但是到目前为止,双方没有达成共识。根据so far可知句子用现在完成时,reach no agreement没有达成共识,no agreement作主语,谓语动词用被动形式。13. (2015湖南卷22)As you go through this boo
69、k,youthat each of the millions of people who lived through World Warhad a different experience.A.will findB.found C.had found D.have found【解析】选A。考查时态。句意:当你在浏览这本书的时候你将发现数百万经历过第二次世界大战的人都有一个不同的经历。分析句子结构得知as引导一个时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时态,主句用将来时态。14. (2015湖南卷25)I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I,“What do you
70、 wish me to do now?”A.ask B.have askedC.am asking D.asked【解析】选D。考查时态。句意:当我问你“你希望我现在做什么?”时,我无法掩盖我急切的心情。根据语境得知此处要遵循时态一致原则,从wasnt得知答案。15. (2015湖南卷28)He must have sensed that Ihim.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”A.would look atB.looked atC.was looking atD
71、.am looking at【解析】选C。考查时态。句意:他肯定已经感觉到我正在看他。他突然扫视了我一眼然后平静地说:“你为什么一直那样看着我?”根据must have sensed以及语境得知此处是对过去正在进行的事情的说明,故用过去进行时。16. (2015湖南卷32)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,butthankfully by the shop window.A.am held back B.held backC.hold back D.was held back【解析】选D。考查时态。句意:我有一种强烈
72、的渴望去拿那个玩具玩但幸亏被商店的橱窗阻挡了。分析句子结构以及前面的had得知此处表示过去时态的被动语态。17. (2015湖南卷35)Thats why I help brighten peoples days.If you,whos to say that another person will?A.didnt B.dont C.werent D.havent【解析】选B。考查时态。句意:那就是我为何帮助人们变得快乐,如果你不这样做那谁还会说另一个人会这样呢?分析句子结构得知此处表示对前面句子的help的省略,同时在状语从句中从句要用一般现在时态,故用dont。18. (2015陕西卷22
73、)Martyreally hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.A.worked B.has been workingC.had workedD.has worked【解析】选B。考查时态。句意:马蒂真的一直在努力写书,他认为周五就能完成。work这个动作从过去发生,一直持续到周五,在此期间一直进行,故用现在完成进行时。19. (2015陕西卷24)At college,Barack Obama didnt know that hethe first black president of the Unite
74、d States of America.A.was to become B.becomesC.is to become D.became【解析】选A。考查时态。句意:上大学时,巴拉克奥巴马并不知道他会成为美国第一位黑人总统。be to do表示将来,主句主语是过去时,故从句也要用过去时,故选A。20. (2015四川卷4)More expresswaysin Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A.are being built B.will be builtC.have been built D.had been built【解析】选B。考查动
75、词的时态和语态。句意:为促进当地的经济发展,不久更多的高速公路将在四川建成。根据时间状语soon可知要用将来时态,且主语expressways与谓语动词build之间为动宾关系,故用被动语态,因此要用一般将来时的被动形式。21. (2015重庆卷1)Is Peter coming?No,hehis mind after a phone call at the last minute.A.changes B.changedC.was changing D.had changed【解析】选B。考查动词时态。句意:彼得来吗?不来,接到电话后他在最后一刻改主意了。根据时间状语after a phone
76、 call at the last minute可知此处为过去发生的动作,故要用一般过去时。22. (2015重庆卷13)In my hometown,there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheatcut.A.will have been B.will beC.was D.has been【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意:在我的家乡,所有的小麦收割之后总要为农民们举行一个丰收晚餐。根据前面的there is always可知,此处描述的是一个经常性行为,after引导的时间状语从句要用现在时代替将来时,此
77、处用现在完成时,表示此动作在前。十一、非谓语动词1.(2015安徽卷27)the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.A.Ignore B.IgnoringC.Ignored D.Having ignored【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:忽视这两个研究成果之间的差异将会是你会犯的最糟糕的错误之一。根据句子结构可知,空格处所需要填的动词形式与其后的“the difference between the two research findings”在整个
78、句子中作主语,再结合句子的时态,可知需要填动名词的一般式。动名词的“having done”形式表示其动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生。故不选D。2. (2015北京卷21)the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A.CatchingB.CaughtC.To catchD.Catch【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:为了赶上早班飞机,我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。根据句意和结构可知,应该用不定式作目的状语,故选C。3. (2015北京卷23)The park was full of people
79、,themselves in the sunshine.A.having enjoyed B.enjoyedC.enjoying D.to enjoy【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:公园里到处都是人,他们在阳光下玩得很愉快。people和enjoy是主谓关系,且enjoy和主句的谓语动作同时发生,根据结构应该使用-ing形式。4. (2015福建卷28)more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.A.Learn B.LearnedC.To learn
80、 D.To be learning【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:为了了解更多的关于中国文化的知识,杰克已决定把中国民乐作为选修课。不定式表示目的。5. (2015福建卷33)In recent years an English word“infosphere”has appeared,the sense of“information”and“atmosphere”.A.combine B.combinedC.combining D.being combined【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:近几年,一个英语单词“信息圈”出现了,它结合了“信息”与“大气层(引申为圈的意思)”之意。co
81、mbine.and.把与结合起来。combine与句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系,且在意思上表示主动意义,故用现在分词的主动形式。6. (2015江苏卷24)Much timesitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.A.being spent B.having spentC.spent D.spending【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:很多时间都坐在书桌旁,办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。time与spend之间是动宾关系,故应用spend的过去分词形式表示被动。being s
82、pent表示动作正在进行,不合题意。7. (2015浙江卷18)Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear itlive is quite another.A.performB.performingC.to performD.being performed【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意:在家听音乐是一回事,去听现场演奏又是另一回事。宾语it与perform之间是被动关系,应该用被动形式,being performed表示正在进行的被动动作。8. (2015天津卷5)in painting,John didnt notice e
83、vening approaching.A.To absorbB.To be absorbedC.AbsorbedD.Absorbing【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:专心画画,约翰没有注意到时间是晚上了。be absorbed in sth.“专心于某事”,作状语时去掉be即可。9. (2015天津卷8)for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.A.To workB.WorkedC.To be workingD.Having worked【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意:工作了两天,史蒂夫如期完成了报告。分析句
84、子可知是先工作了两天,才如期完成了报告,work这个动作先于主句动作发生,故用having done形式。10. (2015湖南卷30)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,whether to stay or leave.A.wonderingB.wonderC.to wonderD.wondered【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:她像两脚生了根似的站在那里想知道是留还是离开。分析句子结构得知此处表示伴随而且是主动,故用wondering。
85、11(2015湖南卷34)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow studentswhat is bothering them.A.to talk overB.talked overC.talk overD.having talked over【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:有时候我作为同学们的倾听者来聆听是什么正使他们烦恼。分析语境以及句子结构得知此处表示目的。12. (2015陕西卷17)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went o
86、nall the people who had helped in her career.A.to thank B.thankingC.having thanked D.to have thanked【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖后,Anne Benedict继续感谢在事业上帮过她的所有人。go on doing sth.继续做同一件事,go on to do sth.继续做另一件事。根据题干可知,Anne Benedict先是获得了奖项,然后又表达的感谢,故不是同一件事,故选A。没有C项和D项的用法。【易错误区】go on doing还是go on to do(1
87、)误导原因:分不清两短语间的意思,go on doing继续干同一件事,而go on to do是继续干另一件事。(2)去伪存真:先判断事情是同一件还是不同的一件,然后再决定用哪个短语。13.(2015陕西卷18)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mothergood care of at home.A.taking B.taken C.take D.be taken【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:在非洲提供医疗服务两年后回国,李博士看到他的妈妈在家受到了很好的
88、照顾,他很高兴。see sb./sth. done看到某人/某事被做,take与his mother是被动关系,故用taken。【易错误区】see sb.do还是see sb.done(1)误导原因:see sb.do sth.看到某人做了某事,是常见用法。(2)去伪存真:see sb.do sth.强调的是“看到某人做了某事”;see sb.done sth.中强调的是宾语sb.与do是被动关系。看清意思与关系再作选择。14. (2015四川卷9)Little Tom satwatching the monkey dancing in front of him.A.amaze B.amazi
89、ng C.amazed D.to amaze【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:小汤姆坐着观看猴子在他面前跳舞,感到很惊奇。过去分词amazed作形容词,在该句中作状语表示主语所处的状态;amazing令人惊异的(常修饰物);amazed惊异的,吃惊的(常修饰人)。15. (2015重庆卷6)in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star.A.Being raised B.RaisingC.Raised D.To raise【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:由于他在格拉斯哥最
90、贫困的地区长大,所以他用了很长时间,经过艰难的过程才成为足球明星。句子的主语he与动词raise之间为动宾关系,所以此处要用过去分词作原因状语。【易错误区】“过去分词”还是“现在分词的被动形式”(1)误导原因:动词与主句的主语之间为被动关系时,常用现在分词的被动形式。(2)去伪存真:作状语时,现在分词的被动形式表示“与后面谓语动词表示的动作同时进行”,而此处只是表示“动作的被动”,作原因状语,此时不可用现在分词的被动形式。16. (2015重庆卷11)Like ancient sailors,birds can find their waythe sun and the stars.A.use
91、d B.having usedC.using D.use【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:像古代的水手一样,鸟儿能够用太阳和星星来找到前行的方向。主语birds和动词use之间为主谓关系,故要用现在分词作方式状语。having done表示动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,不符合语境。十二、名词性从句1. (2015安徽卷25)A ship in harbor is safe,but thats notships are built for.A.what B.whom C.why D.when【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意:港口里的船是安全的,但是那不是建造船的目的。空格后的句子是表语
92、从句,表语从句中for缺少宾语,故用what。why为什么,相当于for what;whom谁;when何时。综上分析,可知选A。【易错误区】why还是what(1)误导原因:在名词性从句中,当引导词表示原因时,学生往往想到用why。(2)去伪存真:why在引导名词性从句时相当于for what,若名词性从句中有介词for且放在句尾,则要考虑用what作引导词。2. (2015北京卷33)I truly believebeauty comes from within.A.that B.where C.what D.why【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意:我很相信美丽来自内心。从句部分主谓完整
93、,不缺少任何句子成分,因此用that起连接作用,也可以省略,故选A。3. (2015北京卷35)we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A.WhereB.HowC.WhyD.When【解析】选B。考查名词性从句。句意:我们如何理解事情与我们的感受有很大关系。本句考查主语从句,根据逻辑意义应该表示方式,故用how。4. (2015福建卷29)I wonderMary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.A.where B.how
94、C.why D.if【解析】选B。考查名词性从句。句意:我想知道玛丽这些年是如何保持她的身材的。通过每天锻炼。根据答语可知问句中问的是“保持身材的方法”,故用how。5. (2015江苏卷25)Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some wont accept it.A.ThatB.Why C.Where D.How【解析】选C。考查名词性从句。句意:中国伟大诗人李白的出生地大家都知道,但是一些人不接受。where引导主语从句,where在从句中作地点状语。【易错误区】where还是that(1)误导
95、原因:这是一个主语从句,误认为主语从句用that来引导。(2)去伪存真:名词性从句包括主语从句,遵循缺什么补什么,什么也不缺用that的原则,此处缺少地点,故使用where而不是that。6. (2015浙江卷6)If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigateis below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.A.what B.who C.that D.whoever【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,
96、一定要弄清楚水下有什么东西。水底下常常会藏有石头或树枝。investigate后面是一个宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,that引导名词性从句时不作句子成分,故排除C;根据句意,此处不是指人,所以B和D也不正确。所以正确答案是A,what引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语。7. (2015湖南卷26)You have to knowyoure going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.A.whatB.thatC.where D.who【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意:如果你要计划去那里的最佳的方式,你必须知道要去哪里。分析句子结构得知此处
97、表示地点状语。8. (2015陕西卷19)Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration forDoris Lessing had achieved in literature.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.how【解析】选A。考查宾语从句。句意:读了多丽丝莱辛的传记,我非常钦佩她在文学上取得的成就。for是介词,故后面的从句是宾语从句,而从句中achieve缺宾语,故选what。that在宾语从句中不作成分;why和how在从句中不作宾语。9. (2015四川卷8)The exhibition tells uswe should do
98、something to stop air pollution.A.whereB.whyC.whatD.which【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。句意:这个展览告诉我们为什么我们要采取措施来制止空气污染。根据语境可知这里表示原因,故要用why来引导。10. (2015重庆卷8)We must find outKarl is coming,so we can book a room for him.A.when B.how C.whereD.why【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意:我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来,以便我们可以为他预订房间。根据语境可知,此处表示“他来的时间”,故要用when来引导。十
99、三、定语从句1.(2015安徽卷28)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill uponschool education depends.A.it B.that C.whose D.which【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意:一些专家认为阅读是学校教育应该依靠的基本技能。depend upon=depend on依靠,依赖。结合句意及句子结构,可知upon及其后的句子成分在句中作the fundamental skill的定语,是定语从句。从句中缺少一个宾语,故用关系代词which。2. (2015北京卷24)Opposite is
100、 St.Pauls Church,you can hear some lovely music.A.which B.that C.when D.where【解析】选D。考查非限制性定语从句。句意:对面是圣保罗教堂,在那里你能听到一些优美的音乐。根据结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是St.Pauls Church,在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where。【易错误区】非限制性定语从句用which还是where?(1)误导原因:非限制性定语从句的先行词是名词,在定语从句中该名词应该是某个介词的宾语,此介词短语作状语,相当于关系副词。(2)去伪存真:此处非限制性定语从句的结构为:in St.P
101、auls Church=in which=where。3. (2015福建卷34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership,shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.A.who B.whom C.that D.which【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意:今日中国杂志吸引了全世界的读者,这表明世界各地越来越多的人想了解中国。根据句子结构可知空格后的句子是非限制性定语从句。which指代前面的整个句子,且在从句中作主语。4. (2015江苏卷
102、21)The number of smokers,is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A.itB.whichC.whatD.as【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意:据报道,吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年内下降了17%。as引导定语从句,表示“正如”。which引导非限制性定语从句时,不放在句中。【易错误区】which还是as(1)误导原因:在定语从句中,当关系代词指代整个主句时,as和which均可引导定语从句。(2)去伪存真:引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代整个主句表示“正如”时,要用as,且位置较为灵活,既可位于主句之前,也
103、可位于主句之中或句尾;which引导的定语从句通常放在主句之后,表示“这,这一点”。5. (2015浙江卷19)Creating an atmosphereemployees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A.asB.whose C.in whichD.at which【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意:创造一种使得员工感到是团队的一部分的氛围是一个很大的挑战。该定语从句的先行词是atmosphere,分析从句结构可知atmosphere在从句中作地点状语,可排除A、B两项。在这种氛围中应该用in the atmosphere。6. (2015天津
104、卷15)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmospherehis employees enjoy their work.A.where B.which C.when D.who【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意:公司的老板正在努力创造一种简单的氛围,在这种氛围下他的员工能够喜欢工作。分析从句可知,从句不缺主语、宾语,故应选择关系副词,先行词是atmosphere,一种抽象地点,故选A。【易错误区】which还是where(1)误导原因:在定语从句中,当先行词是物时,which与where易混淆。(2)去伪存真:定语从句正确
105、做题方法应该是:先看从句中缺不缺主语、宾语,决定是关系代词还是关系副词;然后再看先行词是人还是物,再进行判断。7. (2015湖南卷29)It is a truly delightful place,looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A.asB.where C.thatD.which【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意:那是一个很令人高兴的地方,与100年之前有着弯曲的街道、漂亮的小屋几乎一样。分析句子结构得知此处表示非限制性定语从句,从句中缺
106、少主语,as引导非限制性定语从句时,往往替代整个主句的内容,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故用which。【易错点拨】(1)如果此句将逗号去掉改为It is a truly delightful place that looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.(去掉逗号就是强调句)(2)It is a truly delightful place, as we expect, thatlooks the same as it must have
107、 done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.(如果中间加插入语还是看作强调句,否则就是非限制性定语从句)8. (2015陕西卷15)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the timehe should be able to be independent.A.which B.where C.whom D.when【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意:作为家里最小的孩子,亚历克斯总是盼着自己能独立的时刻。分析句子可知此处考查定
108、语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,由此判断用关系副词,而先行词the time表示的是时间,故用关系副词when。9. (2015四川卷3)The books on the desk,covers are shiny,are prizes for us.A.which B.what C.whoseD.that【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意:桌子上封面闪闪发亮的那些书是我们的奖品。先行词为books,关系代词在从句中作名词covers的定语,故用whose。【易错误区】which还是whose(1)误导原因:在非限制性定语从句中,常用which指代事或物。(2)去伪存真:作名词的定语时,要用who
109、se而不是which。10. (2015重庆卷14)He wrote many childrens books,nearly half ofwere published in the 1990s.A.whom B.which C.them D.that【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:他写了很多儿童书籍,差不多一半发表于20世纪90年代。先行词为childrens books,在从句中作介词of的宾语,故要用which。【易错误区】that还是which(1)误导原因:在定语从句中,当关系代词指事、物时,常用that来引导。(2)去伪存真:指代事、物作介词的宾语时,只能用which,不能用th
110、at。十四、连词和状语从句1. (2015安徽卷23)scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still dont know.A.OnceB.SinceC.ThoughD.Unless【解析】选C。考查连词。句意:尽管科学家们已经了解了许多关于宇宙的知识,可是还有许多我们依然不知道的。once一旦;since由于,既然;though虽然,尽管;unless除非。结合句意可知前后两个分句存在让步关系,而不是因果关系,选C。【易错误区】since还是though(1)误导原因:学生往往根据句中的“have
111、learned”,再结合他们的模糊知识“since与现在完成时态连用”,不经过仔细分析句意及上下句的关系而误选B。(2)去伪存真:since是一词多义词,其意义有:因为,由于;既然;自从以后。since引导从句时,其从句多用一般过去时态,而主句多用现在完成时态;当since表示“既然”时,引导原因状语从句。though作“尽管,虽然”讲时,引导让步状语从句。2. (2015安徽卷34)he once felt like giving up,he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.A.WhereB.AsC.In
112、 caseD.Now that【解析】选A。考查连词和状语从句。句意:他曾经想放弃的地方,现在他有了决心再向前推进并继续下去。where引导地点状语从句;as引导原因状语从句;in case以防万一,引导条件状语从句;now that既然,引导让步状语从句。根据题干中的后半句,可知前半句应是地点状语从句。3. (2015北京卷25)He is a shy man,he is not afraid of anything or anyone.A.soB.butC.or D.as【解析】选B。考查连词。句意:他是一个害羞的人,但是并不害怕任何事和任何人。根据句意可知前后句表示转折,因此选择but。
113、4.(2015北京卷28)You wont find paper cutting difficultyou keep practicing it.A.even though B.as long asC.as if D.ever since【解析】选B。考查状语从句的连词。句意:只要你不断练习,你就不会觉得剪纸很难。even though即使,引导让步状语从句;as long as只要,引导条件状语从句;as if好像,引导方式状语从句;ever since自从,引导时间状语从句。根据句意选择B项。5. (2015北京卷32)the damage is done,it will take man
114、y years for the farmland to recover.A.Until B.UnlessC.Once D.Although【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意:一旦农田被毁坏,将会花费很多年才能恢复。until直到,引导时间状语从句;unless除非,如果不,引导条件状语从句;once一旦,引导时间或条件状语从句;although虽然,尽管,引导让步状语从句。根据句意选择C项。6. (2015福建卷31)the students came from different countries,they got along quite well in the summer camp.A.
115、While B.Unless C.Since D.Until【解析】选A。考查连词和状语从句。句意:尽管学生们来自不同的国家,可是他们在夏令营相处得很好。while表示“尽管,虽然”引导让步状语从句。7. (2015江苏卷26)It is so cold that you cant go outsidefully covered in thick clothes.A.if B.unless C.once D.when【解析】选B。考查连词。句意:天气太冷,除非你穿了厚衣服否则你不能出去。unless除非,符合句意。8. (2015浙江卷9)a single word can change th
116、e meaning of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.A.Just asB.Even thoughC.Until D.Unless【解析】选A。考查连词用法。句意:正如一个词能改变一句话的意思一样,一个句子也可以改变一段话的意思。just as正如;even though即使,尽管;until直到为止;unless除非。根据句意可知选A。9. (2015天津卷12)We need to get to the root of the problemwe can solve it.A.whil
117、e B.after C.beforeD.as【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。句意:我们需要找出问题的根源才能解决问题。while当时,虽然;after在之后;before在之前,才,就;as当时,随着。根据句意选C。10. (2015湖南卷33)the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it.A.If only B.After C.Although D.In case【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意:尽管这项工作花了很长时间但大多数学生认为这个经历很值得。根
118、据语境以及句意得知应用although引导让步状语从句。【知识拓展】用在句首表示“尽管”可用even if=even though=while=though=although。11. (2015陕西卷20)I believe you will have a wonderful time hereyou get to know everyone else.A.thoughB.as ifC.onceD.so that【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。句意:我相信一旦你认识了其他的每个人,你在这里会玩得很开心。though虽然,尽管;as if好像;once一旦;so that为了。根据句意选C。12.
119、(2015四川卷6)There is only one more day to goyour favorite music group play live.A.since B.until C.when D.before【解析】选D。考查时间状语从句。句意:在你最喜欢的乐队现场演出前,仅仅只有一天的时间了。根据句意可知要用before。13. (2015重庆卷4)If you miss this chance,it may be yearsyou get another one.A.as B.before C.since D.after【解析】选B。考查时间状语从句。句意:如果你错过这个机会,可
120、能多年之后你才再次得到这样的机会。固定表达it+ will/can +be +时间段+before.,表示“在之后才”。十五、省略1.(2015北京卷31)Iffor the job,youll be informed soon.A.to acceptB.acceptC.acceptingD.accepted【解析】选D。考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果你被接受做这项工作的话,你将很快得到通知。条件状语从句中省略了的主语you与accept构成被动关系,用过去分词accepted。条件状语从句完整的句子是If you are accepted for the job,故选D。【易错误区】状语从句
121、的省略(1)误导原因:状语从句中如果省略主语和助动词,首先应该保证状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致。(2)去伪存真:此状语从句可以有两种形式:在If you are accepted for the job的情况下,状语从句和主句的主语一致,可以省略主语和助动词;在If we accept you for the job的情况下,状语从句和主句的主语不一致,就不可以省略主语和助动词。2. (2015湖南卷24)Video games can be a poor influence ifin the wrong hands.A.to leaveB.leavingC.leaveD.left【解析】选
122、D。考查省略结构。句意:视频游戏如果任其泛滥将产生极坏的影响。分析句子结构得知此处考查省略结构,完整句子为if they are left。【知识拓展】当when/while/as/once/until/if/if not/unless/as long as/so long as/although/though所引导的从句的主语与主句的主语相同的时候可以使用省略结构。十六、倒装1.(2015天津卷3)Only when Lily walked into the officethat she had left the contract at home.A.she realized B.has s
123、he realizedC.she has realizedD.did she realize【解析】选D。考查倒装。句意:当莉莉走进办公室时,她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。only修饰状语或者状语从句位于句首时,主句谓语动词要用部分倒装。根据题干可知是过去的事情,故用一般过去时。2. (2015湖南卷23)Only after talking to two studentsthat having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.A.I did discoverB.did I discoverC.
124、I discoveredD.discovered I【解析】选B。考查倒装。句意:只有与这两个学生谈话之后我才意识到有着强大的动力是达到目标的关键因素之一。分析句子结构得知only引导的状语位于句首时要用部分倒装形式。【知识拓展】当only when/if/after/before/because/in this way/then/by doing等位于句首时,句子用部分倒装形式,即该短语+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词原形+其他。十七、强调及其他1.(2015湖南卷21)It was when we were returning homeI realized what a good
125、 feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.how【解析】选B。考查强调句。句意:正是当我们回家的时候我意识到帮助那些困难中的人是多么好的感受。分析句子结构可以得知此句为强调句,去掉It was和题线处所填的词(that)句子依然成立。2. (2015湖南卷31)Alwaysin mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.A.to keep B.to have keptC.keep D.have kept【解
126、析】选C。考查祈使句。句意:一定要一直铭记你的主要任务是让这个公司平稳地运转。分析句子结构得知此处表示祈使句,相当于Youd keep,that引导宾语从句。3. (2015重庆卷9)Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th centuryhis musical gift was fully recognized.A.while B.thoughC.thatD.after【解析】选C。考查强调句型。句意:巴赫死于1750年,但直到19世纪初他的音乐才能才得到完全认可。强调句式its.that.,此处强调的是时间状语not unt
127、il the early 19th century。十八、情景交际1. (2015安徽卷21)Can you come to a party on Saturday,Peter?Oh,Im already going out,Im afraid.A.what a pity!B.dont ask!C.how come? D.so what?【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意:彼得,你星期六能来参加派对吗?哦,很遗憾!我恐怕要外出一趟。what a pity很遗憾;dont ask别问了;how come怎么会呢;so what那又怎样。结合语境,可知选A。2. (2015安徽卷35)How is
128、your table tennis these days?Still playing?.I just dont seem to find the time these days.A.Thats rightB.No,not muchC.Thats greatD.Dont worry【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意:你的乒乓球这些天练得怎么样了?还在打吗?不怎么打了。这些天我实在是抽不出时间。Thats right就是那样;No,not much不怎么打了;Thats great好极了;Dont worry不必担心。根据答语的后半句可知,答话人这些天不怎么练习打乒乓球。故选B。3. (2015福建
129、卷35)Hi,Dr Brown!Im a little early.Should I wait outside?No.A.Thats right B.My pleasureC.Come on in D.Take it easy【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意:你好,布朗博士!我来早了一点儿,我需要在外面等吗?不用。快点进来吧。根据答语中“No”一词可知,题干中提到的布朗博士想让答话人进来。come on in快点进来。4. (2015江苏卷23)Jim,can you work this Sunday?Ive been working for two weeks on end.A.Why me
130、B.Why notC.What ifD.So what【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意:吉姆,这周日你能工作吗?为什么是我?我已经连续工作两周了。根据最后一句“我已经连续工作两周了。”可知说话者已感到疲倦,想休息一下了。故选Why me。5. (2015江苏卷33)Why didnt you invite John to your birthday party?Well,you know hes.A.an early birdB.a wet blanketC.a lucky dogD.a tough nut【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意:你为什么不邀请约翰来参加你的生日聚会呢?哦,你知道他是
131、一个令人扫兴的人。a wet blanket一个令人扫兴的人,符合语境。an early bird早到者;a lucky dog幸运儿;a tough nut难对付的人。6. (2015浙江卷1)Hi,John.Are you busy?_A.Yes.I do agree. B.Yes.That would be nice.C.No.Are you sure?D.No.Whats up?【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意:嗨,约翰。你忙吗?不忙。什么事?A项意为“是的。我赞同。”;B项意为“是的。那太好了。”;C项意为“不。你确定吗?”;D项意为“不忙。什么事?”。结合句意可知D项符合语境。7.
132、 (2015浙江卷20)Why dont you consider a trip to,say,Beijing or Hangzhou?.A.I wouldnt mind thatB.Then well get there quicklyC.Lets call it a day D.Its not a requirement【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意:你为什么不考虑去旅行呢,比如说去北京或杭州?我不在意那个。A项意思是“我不介意那个”;B项意思是“那么我们会很快到达那里”;C项意思是“我们今天就到此为止吧”;D项意思是“这不是一个要求”。根据语境可知A正确。8. (2015天津卷1)So
133、rry,Liz.I think I was a bit rude to you.,but dont do that again!A.Go aheadB.Forget itC.It depends D.With pleasure【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意:对不起,利兹,我觉得刚才对你有点粗鲁。不必在意,但是不要有下次了!go ahead进行吧,说吧,开始吧,做吧;forget it不必在意,没关系,休想,算了吧;it depends视情况而定;with pleasure乐意效劳。根据句意可知选B。9. (2015天津卷4)Jack,you seem excited.?I won the f
134、irst prize in the English speech contest.A.Guess whatB.So whatC.Pardon me D.Who cares【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意:杰克,你似乎很兴奋。你猜怎么了?我获得了英语演讲比赛的第一名。guess what猜猜看,发生什么了;so what那又怎样;pardon me对不起,再说一遍;who cares谁在意,谁关心。根据句意选A。10. (2015陕西卷11)Lets go to the New Years Eve party,shall we?I guess it will be fun.A.Forget it
135、!B.No way!C.Why not?D.What for?【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意:我们去参加新年晚会怎么样?好呀。我猜那一定很有趣。forget it忘了吧,休想;no way没门;why not好呀,为什么不呢;what for为什么。根据句意选C。11. (2015陕西卷16)Sir,could I hand in my homework a bit late?,since youve been unwell these days.A.You cant be seriousB.Im afraid notC.Good idea D.Well,all right【解析】选D。考查
136、情景交际。句意:老师,我能晚点交作业吗?既然你这些天身体不适,可以晚些。A你不是认真的吧;B恐怕不行;C好主意;D可以。根据句意选D。12. (2015四川卷1)Sorry,I forgot to lock the door.Mike can do it later.A.No wayB.Take your timeC.Nothing serious D.Youre welcome【解析】选C。考查交际用语。句意:对不起,我忘了锁门了。不要紧,迈克稍后会锁的。根据后面的Mike can do it later可知,nothing serious不要紧,符合语境。no way决不,一点也不;tak
137、e your time别着急,慢慢来;youre welcome不客气,都与语境不符。13. (2015重庆卷5)I can drive you home.,but are you sure its not too much trouble?A.That would be great B.Dont botherC.Im afraid not D.Take care【解析】选A。考查交际用语。句意:我可以开车送你回家。那太好了,可是你确定不会给你带来很大的麻烦吗?根据but后的内容可知,that would be great那太好了,符合语境。dont bother不用麻烦了;Im afraid not恐怕不行;take care小心,当心。14. (2015重庆卷15)Hello Jenny,can I see Ms Lewis?.Ill tell her youre here.A.With pleasure B.Never mindC.Youre welcomeD.Just a minute【解析】选D。考查交际用语。句意:你好,珍妮,我可以见刘易斯女士吗?稍等,我会告诉她你在这儿。根据后面的Ill tell her youre here.可知,just a minute“稍等”符合语境。