1、英语必修5人教新课标Unit 1同步学案：短语及练习（附答案）Unit 1 Great scientists短语巧记典句考点 know about了解；知道；听说【经典例句】 You cant fool me，I know about your secret plan!你骗不了我，我对你的秘密计划是有所了解的。【考点聚焦】 辨析know,know about与know of：know 意为“(直接地)获知；熟悉”；know about与know of 意为“(间接地)获知”。put forward提出(意见、建议)；推荐；提名【经典例句】 He put forward a better pla
2、n.他提出了一个更好的计划。【考点聚焦】 我的记忆卡与put相关的其他短语put in打断；插嘴，进港put off 推迟；延期put on 穿；上演put away 放好put down写下put on weight发福put out生产、扑灭believe in信仰；信奉(真理、宗教、原则等)；相信；信任(某人的品质)。【巧记提示】 believe(相信)+in（里面），发自内心的相信，自然是信任。【经典例句】 The western people believe in God.西方人信奉上帝。【考点聚焦】 我的记忆卡 相关词believe及其常见用法It is believed that
3、.据信，sb./sth.be believed to do. 某人/某物被认为是look into调查，了解，研究；朝里面看【经典例句】 He looks into her face with great interest.他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。 【考点聚焦】 与ones face/eyes等连用，表示“注视”。我的记书卡和look组成的其他短语look around/round/about环顾四周look after照顾；照料look back回头看look back+to/upon/on回顾；回想look down upon俯视；轻视look for寻求；寻找look forward
4、to盼望look on旁观look on/upon.as把看作look out往外看；注意；当心look through透过看；浏览look up抬头看；查看in addition (to)此外；还 【经典例句】 We saw a Mickey Mouse cartoon in addition to the cowboy movie.我们除了看西部牛仔片之外还看了一个米老鼠动画片。【考点聚焦】 在写作文时，此结构在罗列平行观点时，类似于：whats more；moreover。take up占去(时间、空间)【经典例句】 The table took up too much room.那桌子
5、占据太多的空间。【考点聚焦】 take up亦可表示“从事(某工作)，养成(某习惯)”或“开始(某活动)”。apart from 除之外【经典例句】 Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.除了少数的几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师。【考点聚焦】 1)from是介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。2)apart from也可以表示“脱离开”。如：There can be no knowledge apart from practice.没有知识能脱离实践。lead to导致；引向；通往 【经典例句】 The road leads t
6、o the foot of the hill.这条路通往山脚下。【考点聚焦】 同义词（组）：as a result;result in;causelink.to.把与连接；联系 【经典例句】 Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪行为。【考点聚焦】 同义词组：connect.with.与有联系have something to do with.与有关系make sense讲得通；有道理 【经典例句】 Your story doesnt make sense to me.你编的故事我听不明白。【考点聚焦】 如果想表示某人所
7、说的话或提议，没道理、行不通。我们经常说：It doesnt make any sense.at times有时；不时【经典例句】 I do feel a little nervous at times.我有时的确感到有点紧张。我的记忆卡与time相关的词组at one time意为“一度；过去曾经”，用于一般过去时态；at a time意为“一次；每次；在某个时候”；at all times意为“一直；无论何时”，相当于at any time;always。【课后作业设计】阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Below is a selection fr
8、om a popular science book.If blood is red，why are veins(静脉) blue?Actually，veins are not blue at all.They are more of a clear，yellowish colour.Although blood looks red when its outside the body，when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin，its more of a dark reddish purple colour.At the rig
9、ht depth，these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin，making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder，your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise，and shift
10、s enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But，in the long run，your brain probably tips it，because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart，and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.Why do teeth fall out，and why dont they grow back
11、 in grownups?Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long；they fall out to make room for bigger，stronger adult teeth later on.Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged，decayed and infected by bacteria.Once this second set of teeth has grown in，youre done.When theyre gone，theyre gone.This is because n
12、ature figures youre set for life，and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no.Many people do get shorter as they age.But，when they do，it isnt because theyre shrinking all over.They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more cur
13、ved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age，while women may lose 5 cm or more.If you live to be 200 years old，would you keep shrinking till you were，like 60 cm tall，like a little
14、boy again？No，because old people dont really shrink！It is not that they are growing backwardstheir legs，arms and backbones getting shorter.When they do get shorter，its because the spine has shortened a little.Or，more often，become more bent and curved.Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?Because your
15、 brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling.The brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmotionsensing organs in your inner ear，which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable.But，when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out
16、of control，and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!Where do feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system.All mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs，cats，and humans.So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear，pain and pleasure.Bu
17、t since human feelings also involve other，newer bits of the brain，we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.If exercise wears you out，how can it be good for you?Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.And as far as your body is concerned，its “use it，or lose it”！I
18、ts not that exercise makes you healthy；its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.1What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?ABlue. BLight yellow.CRed. DDark reddish purple.解析细节理解题。根据第一个标题下的“.its more of a dark reddish purple colour
19、.”可知答案。答案D。2Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?ABecause their spine is in active use.BBecause they are more easily affected by gravity.CBecause they keep growing backwards.DBecause their spine becomes more bent.解析细节理解题。根据第四个标题下的“They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becom
20、es shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)”可知，老年人变矮是因为脊柱收缩和弯曲造成的。答案D。3Which of the following statements about our brain is true?AIn the long run，our brain probably works harder than our heart.BWhen our brain senses the spinning，we will feel dizzy.CThe brains of the other
21、 mammals are as complex as those of humans.DOur feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.解析细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的第三句“But，in the long run，your brain.”可知答案为A项。此题最易误选B项，根据第五个标题下的最后一句可知，眩晕是由于 “你已经不动了，而你的大脑认为你还在动”的错觉引起的。答案A。4What is the main purpose of the selection?ATo give advice on how to stay healthy.BTo provide information about our body.CTo challenge new findings in medical research.DTo report the latest discoveries in medical science.解析写作意图题。考生易误选D项，但是在医学领域，概括失误。文章主要涉及我们身体的问题，包括身体的、情绪的等等。故选择B项较全面。答案B。