1、四川省岳池县2015高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（3）及答案阅读理解【来自湖北卷】In todays throwaway society，dealing with the citys growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会)Recently, Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different wa
2、ys to dispose of much of it in a green mannerlargely through encouraging recyclingits aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils
3、 (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders) face fines around 18 million a year from 2013 if they dont increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the was
4、te produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the citys waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported mil
5、lions of tons of the citys waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But
6、 soon they turned it downafter 700 local objections reached thembecause it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if
7、 recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，
8、在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。1The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is _.Arecycling BrestoringCburying Dburning答案：A。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持一致的。2The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to _.Areduce the cost
9、of burying waste Bmeet the EU requirements Cspeed up waste recyclingDreplace landfill sites答案：B。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy.”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。3The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because _
10、.Ait came from a private company Bthe council was not interested in it Cit was not supported by EUDthe local people were against it答案：D。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“.700 local objections reached them.”，可以断定市民是反对的。4What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils? ATo open a new landfill nearby.B
11、To close the Powderhall landfill in 2015.CTo set up a plant for burning waste.DTo persuade people to reduce their waste.答案：C。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。【2015高考复习】阅读理解 We may have hosted some difficult house guests once or on even more occasions. Are
12、 you still worrying about how to deal with them? Here below are some tips on how to deal with those difficult house guests.Youve been waiting an hour to eat breakfast but your guests are still sleeping.“Unless you adjusted a time for breakfast the evening before, let your guests sleep in and enjoy y
13、our breakfast without them. If possible, keep their breakfast warm. Or better yet, when entertaining its always a good idea to have cold breakfast (as well as lunch, dinner and snack ) food onhand. ”Pamela Eyring, president and director of The Protocol School of WashingtonYour guests teenage son is
14、a Facebook addict and hogs your computer all day long.“If you have a guest whose fingers are fixated on your keyboard, kindly let him know that you are expecting work email and give him enough time to finish using it. ”Ummu Bradley Thomas, founder of the Freddie Bell Jones Modeling & Finishing Schoo
15、l, Inc. Your couch surfing, unemployed nephew has been here a month and is showing no sign of leaving. “There is nothing wrong with saying John, you have been here a month and have not put in any applications. What can I do to help you get your resume together? I would like to make a plan that will
16、assist you in getting back on your feet and allow me to eventually have my extra room back for guests that will soon be arriving. ”Diane Gottsman, owner of The Protocol School of Texas Your guests expect you to accompany them to every single tourist attraction in your city. Its tiring and expensive.
17、“If your guests didnt offer to treat you, politely decline and offer to meet them afterwards for dinner or drinks. That way they know you enjoy their company. ”Pamela Eyring, president and director of The Protocol School of WashingtonYou gave your friend a closet shelf for her stuff but her clothes
18、are thrown all over the place.“You should simply say I am happy to have you use my closet but your clothes seem to have a mind of their own. Would you mind keeping your clothes on the top shelf? It would make it easier for me to find my things when I am in a rush and looking for them. Thank you. ”Di
19、ane Gottsman, owner of The Protocol School of Texas【语篇解读】 当家里来了难缠的客人时，该怎样应对呢？本文为大家提供了一些建议。16Which of the following kinds of guests has NOT been mentioned in the passage?ASome guests who get up late in the morning.BThe Facebook addict who hogs your computer all day long.CA vegetarian husband and a wi
20、fe who is a picky eater.DAn unemployed nephew who is not leaving after a long time.答案C考查细节理解。A项“早晨很晚才起床的客人”、B项“整天沉迷于网络交友的客人”和D项“失业长期赖着不走的侄子”在文中都被提及，只有C项“素食主义的丈夫和挑食的妻子”文中没有提到，故选C项。17According to Ummu Bradley Thomas, which of the following is the best way to deal with the guests?AKindly explaining to
21、him you need to use the computer.BPolitely asking him to stop using the computer at once.CIntroducing other toys to him to play with.DSimply letting him keep using the computer as he likes.答案A考查推理判断。根据文中的“kindly let him know that you are expecting work email and give him enough time to finish using
22、it”可知，他建议我们礼貌地向客人解释自己要用电脑，并给客人足够的时间处理完事情，故答案为A项。18The passage gives the following tips EXCEPT_.Adeclining the guests requests if you hate to accompany them everywhereBreminding them to keep their clothes on the top shelfCtrying to offer at least one dish based on his or her preferencesDkeeping their
23、 breakfast warm or having cold breakfast food onhand答案C考查细节理解。A、B、D项所说的建议分别在处理第四、第五和第一种情况的内容中出现，只有C项“准备至少一道客人爱吃的菜”文中没有给出。19Which of the following is the best title for this passage?AHow to Entertain Your GuestsBHow to Keep Good Personal RelationsCHow to Find the Best SolutionDHow to Deal with Diffic
24、ult House Guests答案D考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章是在讲如何应对家里来的那些难缠的客人，介绍了几种既能够解决麻烦同时又不伤害对方感情的好办法。故D项作为本文的标题最合适。【2015高考复习】阅读理解Once when I was six years old，I saw an amazing picture in a book called True Stories from Nature about the primeval forest.It was a picture of a boa constrictor(大蟒蛇) in the act of swallowing
25、an animal.In the book it said：“Boa constrictors swallow their prey wholly without chewing it.After that they are not able to move and they sleep through the six months that they need for digestion.”I thought deeply then over the adventures of the jungle.And after some work with a colored pencil，I su
26、cceeded in making my first drawing，my Drawing Number One.I showed my work to the grownups and asked them whether the drawing frightened them.But they answered: “Frighten? Why should anyone be frightened by a hat？”My drawing was not a picture of a hat.It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting a
27、n elephant.But since the grownups were not able to understand it，I made another drawing.I drew the inside of the boa constrictor so that the grownups could see it clearly.They always need to have things explained.Thats my Drawing Number Two.The grownups response this time was to advise me to lay asi
28、de my drawings of boa constrictors whether from the inside or the outside and devote myself instead to geography，history，arithmetic and grammar.That is why at the age of six I gave up the dream that I might have been a great painter.I had been disheartened by the failure of my Drawing Number One and
29、 my Drawing Number Two.Grownups never understand anything by themselves and it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.So then I chose another profession and learned to pilot airplanes.I have flown a little over all parts of the world，and it is true that geography
30、 has been very useful to me.At a glance，I can distinguish China from Arizona.If one gets lost in the night，such knowledge is valuable.In the course of this life，I have had lots of chances to meet with a great many people.And that hasnt much improved my opinion of them.Whenever I met one of them who
31、seemed to me at all clearsighted，I tried showing him my Drawing Number One which I have always kept.I would try to find out if this was a person of true understanding.But whoever it was，he or she would always say: That is a hat.Then I would never talk to that person about boa constrictors or primeva
32、l forests or stars.I would bring myself down to his level.I would talk to him about bridge，golf，politics and neckties.And the grownup would be greatly pleased to have met such an intelligent man.【语篇导读】作者的两幅画一直都得不到人们的真正理解，他感到非常困惑，希望能遇到一个理解自己的人，但希望总是落空。20The writer drew his first picture in order to_.
33、Ashow the grownups what the book was aboutBfrighten the grownups trying to enter the forestCremind himself of the adventures of the jungleDillustrate a boa constrictors act of digesting an animal答案D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant.”可知，应选D项。21How did the write
34、r understand the grownups response to his second drawing?AHe was actually only good at academic study.BIt was a waste of time for him to keep on drawing.CHe had difficulty in communicating with the adults.DHe was good at anything but geography.答案B推理判断题。根据文章的第四段开头可知，大人们觉得作者继续画画简直就是浪费时间。故选B项。22The und
35、erlined word “disheartened”in Paragraph 4 could most probably be replaced by_.Adiscouraged BdissatisfiedCdiscriminated Ddisturbed答案A词义猜测题。根据上下文和画线词后面的“the failure”可知，这两幅画的失败打击了作者，故dishearten在此可理解为“使失去信心，使泄气”。故选A项。23Which of the following statements is true?AThe writer could have become a pilot if en
36、couraged when young.BThe writer finally changed his opinion of grownups.CThe writer has been showing his two pictures to others ever since.DThe writer felt nobody could have really understood him.答案D正误判断题。根据最后一段中的“I would try to find out if this was a person of true understanding.But whoever it was，
37、he or she would always say：That is a hat.”可知D项正确。短文改错My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy.He did not want share things with other people. For 1._example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them 2._in a secret place where I couldn t find it. Then he 3. _ate it all by himself.
38、 He never helped other. 4. _He said he is busy. That is, a game of 5. _tennis making him very busy. He did not care 6. _if something he did made people angry. For 7. _instance, on one night he played strong and 8. _loudly music till four oclock in the morning. But 9. _he is difference now. He often
39、helps grandma 10._with housework, helps mom with cooking and helps hisclassmates with their lessons.答案及解析1. want 后加 to。want to do sth. 为固定搭配。2. them 改为 it。依据上下文， 前句 a chocolate cake 为可数名词单数， 后边的代词显然用 it， 而不是 them。3. where 改为 which/that 或删去 where。此为定语从句， 先行词 place在从句中作 find 的宾语， 只能用关系代词 which 或 that
40、或省略。4. other 改为 others 。不定代词 other 指另一个， 而 others 指另一些。5. 第一个 is 改为 was。此题考查动词的时态。6.making 改为 made。本句缺少谓语， 需要把making 改为 make 的一般过去时态。7. 此行无错。8. 删去 on。one night 前不需要任何介词。9. loudly 改为 loud。loudly 是副词， 此处修饰名词 music， 应用形容词。10. difference 改为 different。应用形容词与系动词一起构成系表结构。短文改错。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加：在缺词出加一个漏字符
41、号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改侯的词。注意：只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。者据Never shall I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu. One Monday morning, when she entered the classroom, we found out that she was a young and beautiful lady. Then she introduced her and said they shou
42、ldnt call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu. Later, she let us go to the blackboard and said something about ourselves in English in turns. When it was my turn, I felt too shy that I didnt dare to say anything before the class. She went up to me and said kind, “Dont be afraid. I believe you can do well.”
43、 At last, I went to the blackboard. She praised me for that I had done.改错参考答案givinggiven 去掉out her-herself they-we said-say turns-turntoo-so kind-kindly do后加it that-what短文改错-1Li Ming , who has been working as postman for 76 two years , always wears a suit of green uniforms .77 He worked with care as
44、 well as with effort . He 78 serves for the people heart and soul . Every day he 79 gets up early to deliver newspapers or magazines .80 He is so careful and he has never been wrong . 81 One day he had to send a dead letter and it happened 82 to be raining hardly outside . But he set out immediately
45、 , 83 He had asked nearly everybody in the district after 84 he tried to hand the letter to the right person .85 76postman a postman 77uniforms uniform 78workedworks 79for 删去 80or and 81and that 82 83hardlyhard 84afterbefore 85triedmanaged增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并
46、在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I was born in a farmer family in Suizhong county, Liaoning Province in June, in 1965 When I was a child, I dreamed of flyingin the sky I joined the army in June, 1983 In 1992, I was sent tothe air force base In August, 1996, I was one of the
47、 first 14 members from 1,500 pilots through the physical examination I worked hardly, because I was among the first astronauts of our country in 1998. 20090318I was chosen one of the first man space aircraft astronautslaterOn Oct15, 2003, I successfully fly to space, circledaround the earth about 14 circle and then returned I was honoredto have given the chance to be the first Chinese to travel in space 参考答案短文改错1farmer改为farmer,s2 去掉1965前面的in 3 an air force base。4 把hardly改为hard5把because改为so6在chosen后加as7 manned8 flew 9 把circle改为circles 10 在have后面加been