1、2015天津市高考英语阅读、完形填空（四月）冲刺自练（5）答案阅读理解。Most of the movies show our relationships and our society. Whats more important is that people love to watch highs and lows of the relationships in movies. Friendship has been the favorite subject of movie makers for a long time. Many movies are based on lovely re
2、lationships like friendship. Friendship can be between two persons or among more than two persons. Movies based on friendship make us remember that the relationship among friends is delicate(需要小心处理的). These movies also show how important it is to have a true friend in life and to own the friendship.
3、 Friendship is described in different ways in movies. These movies show different faces of this lovely relationship including the pleasant and interesting faces. Let us discuss how friendship is described in movies. Friends share common interests: In most of the movies, it is shown that two people b
4、ecome friends easily when they share some common interests. For example, two friends may be in love of the same sports, studying in the same school or living in the same neighborhood. You can see such friendship in movies such as“Harry Potter”and“Lord of Rings”. Harry Potter has two friends. All of
5、them are interested in the use of magic. Friends make sacrifices(牺牲): In most of the movies, friends make sacrifices for each other. A good example is“Sholay”. In this movie, there are two friends Jay and Veeru who are there for each other till death. Jay sacrifices his life to save his friend. Frie
6、nds never run away from difficulties: In movies, it is always shown that true friends always stand up for their friends in times of difficulties. Understanding: In movies, friends understand each other without even saying a word. A single smile can brighten up the faces of all the friends. 【文章大意】电影中
7、的友谊是社会和现实生活中友情的反映。那么电影中的友谊都有哪些特点呢? 读完本文你就会发现现实生活中的友谊和电影中的友谊的异同点。1. Which of the following may the author accept? A. Most movies are about relationships between friends. B. Most movies describe stories that happen in our life. C. Movies about friendship are popular with young men. D. Movies always sh
8、ow relationships in the same way. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段“Most of the movies show our relationships and our society. ”可知, 多数电影反映人际关系, 反映社会, 内容都是与生活相关的。2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that. A. friendship needs skillful and careful treatmentB. people should try their best to make more friendsC. movi
9、es about friendship talk about just happinessD. most movie makers prefer movies about friendship【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段“. . . the relationship among friends is delicate. ”可知, 朋友之间的关系需要小心处理, 谨慎对待。3. Which of the following opinions agrees with the passage? A. Friends must part in the end. B. A good book is
10、 a good friend. C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. A friend is easier lost than found. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。四个选项的内容分别是: A. 朋友最后要分开。B. 好书如挚友。C. 患难见真情。D. 得朋友难, 失朋友易。其中, 只有“患难见真情”与本文中列举的电影中的友谊的第三个特点“Friends never run away from difficulties. . . ”一致, 即困难时刻不离不弃。4. What is mainly talked about in this pass
11、age? A. Movies about friendship. B. Friendship in movies. C. Ways of making movies. D. Ways of making friends. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文列举了电影中友谊的四个特点, 故本文主要讲的是“电影中的友谊”。阅读理解。In a time of low academic (学术的) achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high acad
12、emic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American
13、 preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者) listed to give children a good start academically as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In co
14、ntrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to fun
15、ction as a member of a group. The majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reaso
16、ns for a society to have preschools. 62 percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Like in Am
17、erica, there is diversity (多样性) in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential (潜力) development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.Some Japane
18、se parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the childrens chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in so
19、me Japanese kindergartens.5. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe _.A. Japanese parents pay more attention to preschool education than American parentsB. Japans economic success is a result of its scientific achievementsC. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic ins
20、tructionD. Japans higher education is better than theirs6. Most American respondents believe that preschools should also attachimportance to _.A. problem solvingB. group experienceC. parental guidanceD. individually oriented development7. In Japans preschool education, the focus is on _.A. preparing
21、 children academicallyB. developing childrens artistic interestsC. tapping childrens potentialD. shaping childrens character8. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?A. They can do better in their future studies.B. They can gain more group experience there
22、.C. They can be individually oriented when they grow up.D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.5. C 推断题。从第一段的第一、二句我们可以看出因为美国孩子的学术成就缓慢，很多美国家长到日本取经，然而他们看到的不是他们所预料的，由此我们知道，很多美国人认为日本非常重视孩子的学术教育。6. B 细节题。从第二段我们知道，62的美国人把group experience作为他们的三个最重要的选择之一。7. D 细节题。从第一段的To prepare c
23、hildren for successful careersand the ability to function as a member of a group可知。8. D 细节题。从最后段的第一句可知。完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to 1 and the subway system almost came to a stop.Unfo
24、rtunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were 2 to go home. Some battled to 3 a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the 4 bravely, walking miles to get to work.I 5 to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to
25、 subway line only to find that most 6 had stopped. After making my way 7 crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was 8 . Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to 9 the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the 10 . So I took the train going in the opposite direc
26、tion, and then switched back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like forever, the train 11 my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office, I was 12 through, exhausted and 13 .My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying o
27、ff. When it was 5:00 pm, I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer 14 I received an email from Garth, my Director:I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and 15 reported to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their 1
28、6 to their jobs. Thank you.Garths email was short, but I learned more from that 17 message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of 18 can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic 19 had made me tired and upset. But Garths words immediately 20 me and put a
29、 smile back on my face.【文章大意】本文是一篇以叙文，作者在记叙之后发表了自己的感悟。文章讲述了作者遭遇一次暴风雨而历经艰辛坚持去上班，就在作者因此而倍感疲惫和烦躁时，却收到了经理的一封电子信件。信中经理简短的几句对不顾风雨坚持来上班的人们表示了感激，这使得作者感到一天来的疲惫与烦恼一扫而光，并由此感悟到几句简短的话语可以使人的精神焕然一新。 本文所选内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明。文章是以第一人称进行叙述、描写的。文章具有启发和教育意义，充分体现考试说明的要求，能够积极引导考生树立正确的人生观、世界观和价值观，增强社会责任感，有利于全面提高人文素养。【备考策略】1
30、、解题方法：做完型填空时，要先用2-3分钟快速浏览一下全文（此时不用看选项），掌握文章大意，有助于从整体理解文章，便于在做题时心里有数，可以做到上下联系，兼顾左右。在做题时我们只有对全篇进行掌握，并在做题时充分理解语境。这样才能正确用词。再结合词意、语法、语境三方面来解题。要根据行文逻辑、生活常识和相关知识去进行判断，并要特别注意文章的第一句，往往是文章的主旨所在。2、设题情况：完型题往往考查学生对同义词、近义词（以动词和名词等实词为主）以及习惯用语、固定短语搭配掌握情况及运用能力的同时，还考查了学生在具体语言环境下捕捉信息、把握文章主人公的情感而使用语言的能力和技巧。3、角色把握：在做完型填
31、题时，要让自己成为以下四种角色：（1） 文章作者：要让自己成为文章的作者，充分理解文章的思路；（2） 篇章设题者：让自己成为本篇文章的设题者，以一个出题人的角度去看本文；（3） 文中人物角色：要让自己融入文章中，认真体会和揣摩文中人物角色的情感、态度；（4） 做题者：在充分理解文章的同时，别忘记自己还是被考查者，要以“拿得起、放得下”的高度对待文章，不可一叶障目，不见森林。( ) 1. A. breakB. floodC. sinkD. crash( ) 2. A. forcedB. refusedC. adjustedD. gathered( ) 3. A. orderB. payC. ca
32、llD. search( ) 4. A. climate B. sceneryC. stormD. burden( ) 5. A. usedB. promisedC. deservedD. happened( ) 6. A. practiceB. routineC. processD. service( ) 7. A. toB. throughC. overD. for( ) 8. A. operatingB. cyclingC. turningD. rushing( ) 9. A. checkB. carryC. findD. board( ) 10. A. streetB. groundC
33、. floorD. platform( ) 11. A. pausedB. crossedC. reachedD. parked( ) 12. A. wetB. weakC. sickD. hurt( ) 13. A. ashamedB. discouragedC. surprisedD. puzzled( ) 14. A. whileB. whenC. whereD. after( ) 15. A. hardlyB. casuallyC. absolutelyD. eventually( ) 16. A. devotionB. donationC. connectionD. reaction
34、( ) 17. A. accurateB. urgentC. briefD. humorous( ) 18. A. promiseB. appreciationC. adviceD. guidance( ) 19. A. troublesB. signalsC. rulesD. signs( ) 20. A. correctedB. supportedC. amazedD. refreshed1.【答案解析】答案为B。考查动词辨析。根据语境，因为是rainstorm(暴风雨)，所以街道被雨水淹没。选项A为“中断”；C为“沉没”；D为“猛撞，崩溃”，均不合语境。句中cause sth. to b
35、e done使得被2.【答案解析】答案为A。考查动词辨析。因为大雨，许多人被迫回家，不能够去上班。注意被句为被动形式，从意义上可以排除选项B、C、D。3.【答案解析】答案为C。考查动词辨析。根据语境：有些人能够叫到出租车(call a taxi)。order为“订购，预定”。不合语境；search a taxi表示“搜查出租车（在车上找东西）”，也不正确。4.【答案解析】答案为C。考查名词辨析。联系上文，根据文章第一句中rainstorm一词可知答案。语境：有些人能够叫到出租车，还有写人勇敢面对暴风雨，步行去上班。当时正在下雨，所以用face the storm bravely. C选项cli
36、mate为“气候（指某一地区长期的天气状况）”；scenery为“景色”；burden为“负担”，均不合文意。5.【答案解析】答案为D。考查动词辨析。联系下文可知作者“碰巧也是”去上班中的一个，happen to be表示“碰巧是”。而used to be表示“过去常常（现在已经不再那样了）”；promise to表示“允诺去做”;deserve to do表示“理应做，值得做”，均不符合文意与语境。6.【答案解析】答案为D。考查名词辨析。根据语境：作者去了地铁，却发现大多数地铁都已经停止运行服务了，所以用service,表示“（地铁的运行）服务”。而practice表示“练习；惯例做法”；r
37、outine表示“常规；例行公事”；process表示“过程；程序”，均不符合语境。7.【答案解析】答案为B。考查介词辨析。根据语境：make ones way through the crowds of people在人群中挤出一条路。make ones way to:表示“通往”；make ones way for:表示“让步于”，均不合文意。8.【答案解析】答案为A。考查动词辨析。operate表示“操作，运转，运行”。作者最终发现一条地铁还在运行。cycle 表示“循环，周期”；turn表示“变得；转弯”；rush表示“冲进，匆促”，均不符合语境。9.【答案解析】答案为D。考查动词辨析
38、。根据语意：那么多人在等待上车；board the subway表示“木版；登车，上车（船、飞机等）”。Check表示“核查；登记”；carry“携带，搬运”；find“找到”，均不合文意。10.【答案解析】答案为D。考查名词辨析。根据语境：“我”甚至无法踏上站台的台阶。Platform“站台”。其它不合语境。11.【答案解析】答案为C。考查动词辨析。根据语境：最终过了好长时间，地铁终于停在了我的那一站。联系下文Then I had to 一句可知作者先坐了一程地铁，然后又在雨中步行了几个街区。pause表示“暂停，中止”；cross表示“交叉；越过”；park表示“停车”，均不合文意。12.
39、【答案解析】答案为A。考查形容词辨析。be wet through:浑身湿透了。（由于作者冒雨而行，在到达办公室时已经湿透了。）根据文章下一句：My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off.作者与同事一起花费了大半天的时间才晾干也可知。其它不合语境。13.【答案解析】答案为B。考查动词辨析。要认真体会作者的情感、态度：此时由于作者浑身湿透，所以到办公室时已经是疲惫不堪了，所以此时作者的情绪应该是“沮丧的，泄气的”。这也可以根据下文第54、55两句形成对比：作者收到经理的E-mail而变的愉快起来。ashamed“惭愧的”；surpri
40、sed“吃惊的”；puzzled “迷惑”，均不符合语境。14.【答案解析】答案为B。考查连词。when表示“就在这时”。其它不合语境。15.【答案解析】答案为D。考查副词辨析。eventually表示“最终”；hardly表示“几乎不”；casually 表示“偶然地，随意地”absolutely 表示“完全地”。根据文意：我很感谢你们所有的不顾艰辛最终来上班的人。16.【答案解析】答案为A。考查名词辨析。句意为：，当员工们表明他们对于工作的投入时。devotion表示“投入”；donation 表示“捐赠”；concern表示“关心”；reaction表示“反应”。(show ones c
41、oncern for sth表示“对关心”)17.【答案解析】答案为C。考查形容词辨析。联系文章，经理的这封e-mail并不长，所以用brief表示“简短的”。accurate表示“精确的”；urgent表示“急切的”；humorous表示“幽默的”。18. 【答案解析】答案为B。考查名词辨析。句意为：这封e-mail让我知道即使是简短的几句感激的话也会有很大的影响。appreciation表示“欣赏，感激”；promise表示“诺言”；advice表示“建议”；guidance表示“指导，引导”。19. 【答案解析】答案为A。考查名词辨析。句意为：暴雨和交通阻塞带来的麻烦使得“我”疲惫、烦乱。signals表示“信号”；rules表示“规则”；signs表示“符号，迹象”，均不正确。20. 【答案解析】答案为D。考查动词辨析。句意为：经理Garth的话立即使得我提起精神来，让我又面带微笑。Refreshed表示“使.生气蓬勃,提起精神,恢复精神”； correct表示“纠正”；support表示“支持”；amaze 表示“使吃惊”，均不符合语境。