1、课时分层作业(四).单词拼写1We all know how important security(安全) is to your environment.2As babies，we rely(依赖) entirely on others for food.3Many divorced fathers only have access to their children at weekends.4Heat the sauce，stirring constantly5We first build up a detailed profile(概况) of our customers and thei
2、r requirements.6I had other matters to occupy me，during the day at least.7The plan is designed to motivate(激励) employees to work more efficiently.8Do you think shell notice if I switch(转换) my glass with hers?.阅读理解AFrom a very early age，some children exhibit better selfcontrol than others.Now，a new s
3、tudy that began with about 1，000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a childs low selfcontrol can predict poor health，money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now.They observed the level of selfcontrol the yo
4、ungsters displayed.Parents，teachers，even the kids themselves，scored the youngsters on measures like“acting before thinking”and“Persistence in reaching goals.”The study led by Moffitt of Duke University and colleagues followed 1，000 children from birth to age 32 in Dunedin，New Zealand.“The children w
5、ho had the lowest selfcontrol when they were age three to ten，later on had the most health problems in their 30s，”Moffitt said，“and they had the worst financial situation.They were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low income.”Moffitt explai
6、ned that selfcontrol problems were widely observed，and werent just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.Moffitt said its still unclear why some children have better selfcontrol than others，though she said other researchers have found that its mostly a learned behavior，with relatively littl
7、e genetic influence.But good selfcontrol can be set to run in families because children with good selfcontrol are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents.But the good news，Moffitt said，is that selfcontrol can be taught by parents，and through school curricula that have been shown
8、to be effective.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了自制力弱的孩子可能会健康状况不佳，资金困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。而孩子较强的自我控制能力能够决定未来的成功与健康。此外，良好的教养可以提高自我控制能力，遗传因素对其影响较小。1From the first two paragraphs we learn that_Athe research has been carried out for five yearsBselfcontrol in kids tends to determine their futureCselfcontrol was assessed by childr
9、ens intelligenceDchildrens selfcontrol is almost the same at early ageB理解判断题。根据前两段的“a childs low selfcontrol can predict poor health，money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能会健康状况不佳，资金困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。由此可知，自我控制强的孩子往往能决定自己的未来。故选B。2Children with low selfcontrol are mor
10、e likely to _Abecome wealthy in later lifeBget good school performanceChave better financial planningDadopt negative behaviorsD细节理解题。根据第一段“a childs low selfcontrol can predict poor health，money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能会健康状况不佳，资金困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。由此可知，自制力弱的孩
11、子更有可能养成消极的行为。故选D。3What can be inferred from the passage?ASelfcontrol cannot be taught in schools.BThe study is restricted within few participants.CIts never too late to deal with selfcontrol problems.DGood parenting can improve selfcontrol and life success.D推断理解题。根据最后一段“though she said other researc
12、hers have found that its mostly a learned behavior，with relatively little genetic influence.”可知自我控制能力是一个学习行为，遗传因素对其影响较小。又“Moffitt said，is that selfcontrol can be taught by parents，and through school curricula that have been shown to be effective.”可知自我控制能力需要被父母教授。由此推知，良好的教养可以提高自我控制能力，更有可能收获成功。故选D。4Wh
13、ich of the following might be the best title of the passage?AChilds Selfcontrol Predicts Future Health，successBKids are Encouraged to Take Risks at an Early AgeCChildrens Development Cannot be Changed by TeachersDHow to Teach the Kids a Bit of Selfcontrol in schools.A标题归纳题。纵观全文，文章主要讲述了自制力弱的孩子可能会健康状况
14、不佳，资金困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。而孩子的自我控制能力能够决定未来的成功与健康。故选A。BWhen we are young we are taught that its wrong to lie and we should always tell the truth.Unfortunately，most children lie even if theyre told not to.Research carried out at the Institute of Child Study at Toronto University has shown that this might n
15、ot be such a bad thing.Apparently (显然地)，children who tell lies when theyre two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人)According to the research，at the age of two，20 per cent of children lie.At the age of three，50 per cent lie，and at four almost 90 per cent lie.By the age of
16、twelve almost every child tells lies.Lying needs much brain work，and the better the lie is，the more work the brain has to do.By training the brain early，researchers believe children will be able to think more clearly when they are adults.Recent research，carried out by the Science Museum in London，ha
17、s shown some interesting facts about the way we lie as adults.According to the research，the average British man tells three lies every day；thats over 1，000 lies a year.However，the average woman apparently only lies twice a day.Most people think women are better liars (说谎者) than men although in fact
18、they tell fewer lies.Popular womens lies include Nothings wrong，Im fine，I dont know where it is，I havent touched it，and It wasnt that expensive.Some people say you can lie as long as its a white lie.A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someones feelings.One of the most common lies for both men
19、 and women is Its just what Ive always wanted，said after opening a present from their partner.【语篇解读】文章主要是有关谎言的调查研究。5What will happen to young children who lie?AThey will possibly do wrong later.BTheyre likely to succeed in the future.CThey will keep lying when they grow up.DThey may have a good chan
20、ce of losing others trust.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“children who tell lies when theyre two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人)(两岁时说谎的孩子很有可能成为成功的成年人)”可知，撒谎的小孩在以后很可能会取得成功。故选B。6What do the numbers in Para.2 show about children?AOlder children tell bigger lies than younger ones.BAs the
21、y grow they often lie about their age.CThe older they are，the more likely they lie.DIts quite natural for them to tell lies.C推理判断题。根据第二段的研究结果“According to the research，at the age of two，20 per cent of children lie.At the age of three，50 per cent lie，and at four almost 90 per cent lie.By the age of t
22、welve almost every child tells lies.(根据这项研究，20%的儿童在两岁时撒谎。三岁时，50%的孩子撒谎，四岁时，90%的孩子撒谎。到了12岁，几乎每个孩子都会说谎。)”可知，随着孩子年龄的增长，其说谎的概率也在增长。故选C。7What did the research by the Science Museum find out?AMen lie more than women.BWomen are better liars than men.CWomens lies are usually not serious.DMen sometimes have t
23、o lie to women.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“According to the research，the average British man tells three lies every day；thats over 1，000 lies a year.However，the average woman apparently only lies twice a day.(调查显示，英国男性平均每天说谎三次；一年就有超过1 000个谎言。然而，女性平均每天只会说谎两次。)”可知，男性比女性说的谎多。故选A。8Whats the true feeling behind the u
24、nderlined part in the last paragraph?AYou know me so well.BI dont like the present.CYou are good at picking presents.DI havent received a present I really like.B词义猜测题。划线部分是上文“A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someones feelings.”说明善意的谎言是一种避免伤害某人感情的谎言；下文“said after opening a present from thei
25、r partner”说明这句话是在收到来自伙伴的礼物后说的话，由此可知，划线部分是一句善意的谎言，其实说话者并不喜欢这件礼物。故选B。.阅读七选五When I received my admission decision for Middlebury，my mouth dropped open in genuine (真的) shock. 1 Feeling unprepared，I was considering taking a gap year.However，in processing this，I could only think about the negative points
26、of taking a break between high school and college.I would fall behind my peers.I would forget everything I learned in high school with seven months of no learning. 2 Upon arriving at Middlebury for the admitted student days，I was amazed at the beauty of the town and the campus.While speaking with Mi
27、dd kids (as students are called)，they all appeared happy and generally stressfree. 3 In August，a few Midd kids I had met and befriended during the admitted student days suggested going to Newburyport，MA for a week.For the first time，I went on a road trip with someone I had only known for a few month
28、s.Yet，this trip showed me the freedom of being an independent adult in a way I had not felt at home. 4 My gap semester was the best beginning to adulthood because it helped me become mature in an unexpected and enriching manner， 5 To students reflecting on a gap year，be brave and do things that are
29、outside your comfort zone.Talk to people: the world has so much to teach.AI didnt think I was a worthy enough candidate to get accepted.BIt was my way of letting go and starting a new chapter of my life.CBut eventually I decided to apply to Middlebury for a few reasons.DI also opened my mind to the
30、benefits of talking some time off from my studies.EI felt like a gap year would narrow down what I wanted to study and do in my life.FMy trips provided me with a sense of freedom and independence I did not experience during my teens.GOnce I restarted my academic studies，I would actually perform bett
31、er than those who went straight from high school to college.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了作者的间隔年旅行如何让他成为一个自由独立的成年人。1A根据上文中的“my mouth dropped open in genuine (真的) shock(我吃惊地张大嘴巴)”可以看出，被Middlebury录取是意料之外的事情。因此可推测出在众多申请者中他应该是很一般的。选项A“I didnt think I was a worthy enough candidate to get accepted.(我认为我并不是一个足以值得被录取的申请者)”和
32、前文逻辑和语境都符合。故选A项。2C根据上文的“I would fall behind my peers.I would forget everything I learned in high school with seven months of no learning.(我会落后于他人，我会因为7个月的间隔年把高中学的知识全忘掉。)”可知，因为知识的遗忘和担忧作者原本不应该申请这所学院的，但他最后因为其他原因申请了。故选C项。3D联系上下文可知，作者在刚进校时因为自己的不足感到忧虑，但是其他同学都很自信且无忧无虑，之后又提到他和一些新生成为了朋友，说明中间发生了一些积极的事情，所以我们用“
33、I also opened my mind to the benefits of talking some time off from my studies.(学习之余我也会花一些时间敞开心扉和同学交谈)”符合上下文逻辑。故选D项。4F根据第四自然段最后一句“Yet，this trip showed me the freedom of being an independent adult in a way I had not felt at home.(然而，这次旅行让我在某种程度上感受到了作为一个独立成人的自由，这是我以前从来没有感受到的)”，可以推测出用F项“My trips provid
34、ed me with a sense of freedom and independence I did not experience during my teens.(我的旅行给我提供了自由和独立的感受，这是我在青少年时期从来没有的经历)”作为过渡句，起承上启下的作用。故选F项。5B前一句“My gap semester was the best beginning to adulthood because it helped me become mature in an unexpected and enriching manner，(我的间隔年是我成年最好的开始，因为它用一种意想不到的，丰富的方式帮助我变得成熟)”中谈到了成年时期的开始，和B选项中的“starting a new chapter of my life(开启生命的新篇章)”意思相同，前后照应。故选B项。