1、第二节阅读理解梯度进阶训练（4） A new study says the leading cause of disability in older people in low and middle income countries is dementia. The researchers disagree with the World Health Organization which says blindness and other vision problems are the leading cause. A study says dementia is more widespread
2、 in the developing world than has been recognized. Dementia is a loss of intellectual ability that affects memory, learning, attention, thinking and language skills. People with dementia may forget family members or not know what day it is. Sometimes they become angry or sad, hear voices, or see thi
3、ngs that are not there. Renata Sousa from the Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College London and other researchers wrote the new report. Their study looked at the causes of disability among fifteen thousand people aged sixtyfive or older in seven countries. The countries were China, India, Cuba, th
4、e Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Mexico and Peru. The team found that dementia was the largest cause of disability in the elderly in areas other than rural India and Venezuela. Other major causes were stroke, loss of use of arms or legs, arthritis, depression, eyesight problems and gastrointestinal
5、problems. In low and middle income countries, heart disease and cancer get much of the attention given to chronic diseases. The researchers say increased importance should be given to chronic diseases of the brain and mind. As populations age, societies will have to deal with more and more cases of
6、dementia. The study says the elderly are nine percent of the total population of low and middle income countries today. But their numbers are growing quickly. They are expected to reach twenty percent of the total population by the middle of the century. The study appeared in the Lancet Medical Jour
7、nal which published a special issue on disability. A separate study of eighteen low and middle income countries dealt with children. It found that in almost half the countries, children who were not breastfeed were much more likely to have a disability than those who were. The same was true of those
8、 who did not receive vitamin A supplements and those who were underweight. Children who did not take part in early learning activities or attend school were also more likely to be disabled than those who did.()1. According to the World Health Organization, the leading cause of disability in older pe
9、ople in low and middle income countries are .A. dementia and gastrointestinal problemsB. blindness and other vision problemsC. heart disease and cancerD. arthritis and eyesight problems()2. Dementia includes the following symptoms EXCEPT .A. easily irritatedB. hearing voices that do not existC. seei
10、ng things that are not presentD. becoming blind and deaf()3. How many people did the research study?A. 15 000.B. 65.C. 18.D. 50 000.()4. In these middle and low income countries, .A. heart disease and cancer get little attentionB. the elderly are twenty percent of the total populationC. increased im
11、portance should be given to chronic diseases of the brain and mindD. children are likely to have a disability()5. Children have little chance to become disabled if they .A. were breastfeedB. received adequate vitamin A supplementsC. failed to take part in early learning activities or attend schoolD.
12、 were too little and too thinPenny wise, pound foolish. 捡了芝麻，丢了西瓜。详解详析这是一篇科普文，介绍了老年痴呆症产生的可能性原因。1. B推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句The researchers disagree with the World Health Organization which says blindness and other vision problems are the leading cause.可知本题选B。2. D细节理解题。文章第二段介绍了老年痴呆症的症状，但没有提及变聋、变哑。故本题选D。3. A细
13、节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句Their study looked at the causes of disability among fifteen thousand people aged sixtyfive or older in seven countries.可知被试对象的总人数为15000。故本题选A。4. C细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句The researchers say increased importance should be given to chronic diseases of the brain and mind.可知应该关心老年人心脑慢性病。5. A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第三句It found that in almost half the countries, children who were not breastfeed were much more likely to have a disability than those who were.可知，母乳哺乳的孩子残疾的几率要低些。
