1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。课时素养检测三Unit 1Period 3. 阅读理解Studying the DNA of 300 mice has flagged up genes which have been linked to hereditary (遗传的) sight loss for the first time. Researchers say because mices genes are so similar to humans, their findings could lead
2、 to the treatment of more genetic diseases. Scientists at the University of California, Davis studied information from a data bank of mices genetic material. They found 347 genes linked to eye problems, with just 86 of them having been studied in the past. Only around 50 to 75 percent of hereditary
3、eye diseases in human can be explained with present science. The researchers believe these hundreds of new genes found in mice could be a key to explainingand therefore being able to treat the other 2550 percent. “This is extremely valuable for people with hereditary eye disease, ”said researcher Pr
4、ofessor Ala Moshiri. “All researchers are going to start using these data. In the past, we knew the problem was there but we didnt know where to look. Now eye centers can call back patients and screen them for these new genes. We expected that more and more of these genetic diseases will be treatabl
5、e. ”Also, the fact is that more than 60 percent of eye problems at birth are ones resulting from the babys parents! Thanks to data from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC), which is trying to work out what every single gene in a mouse is responsible for, with the aim of translating
6、 it to humans, scientists are moving closer to figuring out all genetic causes of blindness. To do this, scientists separate a single gene from other ones at a time and then observe what effect it has on the mouse for a long time. This has so far been done more than 7, 000 times and has achieved gre
7、at success. Researchers are now working alongside eye care centers in Texas and Iowa in order to compare the mices genes to those of patients. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇科普说明文。加州大学戴维斯分校的科学家们对小白鼠数百种的新基因进行了研究。研究的成果是解释人类遗传性眼病的关键。1. How many hereditary-sight-loss-related genes were newly found? A. 86. B. 261. C. 300. D
8、. 347. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段They found 347 genes linked to eye problems, with just 86 of them having been studied in the past. 可知, 他们发现347个基因与眼睛问题有关, 其中只有86个基因在过去被研究过。即新发现与遗传性失明相关的基因有: 347-86=261个。2. Why is the percentage of genetic eye problems mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To show the significance of
9、studying mices genes. B. To prove mices genes are similar to humans. C. To warn the high risk level of suffering them. D. To explain how common they are among people. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第三段The researchers believe these hundreds of new genes found in mice could be a key to explainingand therefore being ab
10、le to treat the other 25-50 percent. 可知, 研究人员认为, 在老鼠身上发现的数百种新基因可能是解释这一现象的关键, 因此能够治疗另外25%至50%的疾病。即第三段提到遗传性眼睛问题的百分比是为了展示研究老鼠基因的重要性。3. What should scientists do first to unlock secrets of genetic blindness? A. Compare humans genes with mices. B. Recognize each genes role of humans. C. Set apart a gene
11、of a mouse each time. D. Figure out each genes function of a mouse. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段To do this, scientists separate a single gene from other ones at a time and then observe what effect it has on the mouse for a long time. 可知, 科学家们一次将一个基因从其他基因中分离出来, 然后观察它在很长一段时间内对老鼠有什么影响。即为了解开基因性失明的秘密, 科学家们首先应该每次从老
12、鼠身上分离出一个基因。4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. New Ways to Cure Sight LossB. Genes Found Behind Eye ProblemsC. Genetic Diseases Discovered in MiceD. Humans Genes Causing Eye Diseases【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章主要内容: 科学家发现在小白鼠身上发现的数百种新基因可能是解释人类遗传性眼部疾病的关键。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余
13、选项。Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost one year old, she returned with her family to England. Florence often helped her mother deliver (运送) food to the poor and sick. 1 Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession (职业). B
14、ut Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. 2 In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the
15、 floor, and rats were running everywhere. 3 Many soldiers died before receiving help. The doctors wouldnt listen to Florence because they didnt like the idea of women in army hospitalsuntil one day 500 unexpected casualties(伤亡者) arrived. 4 Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and t
16、heir injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp. When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honor. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions (捐款). Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London. After year
17、s of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals. 5 All of this was because of the “lady with the lamp”. A. Nursing became an honored profession. B. There was no running water and no heat. C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing. D. Florence saw the soldiers healt
18、h had improved. E. As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse. F. They soon realized that Florence could give a hand. G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management. 【语篇概述】本文讲述了南丁格尔为医学界中重要的护理事业做出的巨大贡献。1. 【解析】选E。根据下一句 Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected
19、profession. 可知, E项“随着南丁格尔慢慢长大, 她决定要当一名护士”符合语境。2. 【解析】选G。根据上一句中的 she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could推知南丁格尔回到英国后已经非常熟悉医院管理方面的知识。3. 【解析】选B。选项内容与上一句The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere. 并列, 描述医院的条件非常差。4. 【解析】选F。根据上一句
20、中的The doctors wouldnt listen to Florence和下一句中的Florence made changes可知, 划线处在此承上启下, 因此F项“那些医生很快意识到弗洛伦斯能帮上忙”符合该处语境。5. 【解析】选A。根据上一段末句中的she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London以及该段中的cleaner and more cheerful hospitals可知南丁格尔经过多年的努力使得护理成为了一个令人尊敬的职业。. 完形填空Charlotte Whitehead was born in En
21、gland in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age of five with her family. While 1 her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had an interest in medicine. At 18 she married and 2 a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 3 . Her husband supported
22、 her decision. Unfortunately, Canadian medical schools did not 4 women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 5 at the Womens Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to earn her medical degree. Upon graduation, Charlotte 6 to Montreal and set up
23、 a private 7 . Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a busy doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte 8 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 9 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.
24、 But Charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had 10 a doctors license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 11 . The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 12 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to leave her patients to sp
25、end time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to 13 a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte 14 to practice without a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73. In 1993, 77 years after her 15 , a medical license was issue
26、d to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman. ” 【语篇概述】本文讲述了一位女医生冲破性别歧视的羁绊救死扶伤的故事。 1. A. raisingB. teaching C. nursing D. missing 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文“her ill elder sister”可知此处是“护理她生病的姐姐”。nurse“护理”。2. A. inventedB. selectedC. offeredD.
27、 started 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。18岁时结了婚, 所以开始(拥有)了家庭。 3. A. doctorB. musicianC. lawyerD. physicist 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据上文中的“她对医学感兴趣”及下一段中Charlotte went to. . . at the Womens Medical College in Philadelphia. 可知此处是想当医生。 4. A. hire B. entertainC. trustD. accept 【解析】选D。词语辨析题。加拿大的医学院不接受女学生。hire“雇佣”; entertain“款待, 招待”;
28、trust “相信”; accept“接受”。根据句意选D。5. A. historyB. physicsC. medicineD. law 【解析】选C。词汇复现题。结合上文, 不能在加拿大学医, 她只好到美国去学医。6. A. returnedB. escapedC. spreadD. wandered 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。一毕业, 她就回到了蒙特利尔, 第一段第一句有提示。7. A. schoolB. museumC. clinicD. lab 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。学医之后, 她回到蒙特利尔开了一家私人诊所。clinic“诊所; 门诊部”。 8. A. helpedB. fo
29、und C. troubledD. imagined 【解析】选B。固定搭配题。find oneself doing. . . “发觉自己在做某事”。此处强调她自己一直忙于做手术。 9. A. harmful B. tiredC. brokenD. weak 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据句中的“damaged limbs”可知此处应选“broken”。set the broken bones“接骨”。10. A. put away B. taken over C. turned inD. applied for 【解析】选D。背景常识题。没有行医执照, 所以去申请。apply for“申请”
30、。11. A. punishedB. refusedC. blamedD. fired 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句中but表示转折的关系。她申请行医执照, 但是被拒绝了。12. A. displayB. changeC. previewD. complete 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。曼尼托巴医学院要她在一所加拿大的医学院里完成学业。complete“完成”。13. A. sellB. donateC. issueD. show 【解析】选C。词语辨析题。由于医学院拒绝发给她行医执照, 她只好要求立法机构给她发一个执照, 但是也被拒绝了。sell“卖”; donate“捐赠”; issue“
31、颁发”; show“表演”。根据语境选C。14. A. continued B. promisedC. pretended D. dreamed 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据语境可知Charlotte在没有执照的情况下, 继续行医直至1912年。15. A. birthB. deathC. weddingD. graduation 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合上文, 发给她行医执照应该是她去世后77年的事了。 . 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。We are deeply saddened by the passing of Dr. Li Wenl
32、iang. Dr. Li Wenliang, one of the eight“whistle blowers” who tried 1. (warn) fellow medics(医师)of 2. novel coronavirus, died early on Friday. Wuhan Central Hospital 3. (confirm) in a statement released on 4. (it) official Weibo account. “Our hospitals ophthalmologist Li Wenliang was 5. (unfortunate)
33、infected with COVID-19 during his work in the fight 6. the novel coronavirus epidemic, ” the statement read, 7. (add) “He died at 2: 58 a. m. on February 7 after attempts to resuscitate were unsuccessful. ”“After emergency treatment, Li Wenliang passed away, ” the Central Hospital of Wuhan announced
34、 on Weibo, Chinas version of Twitter. “We deeply regret and mourn Lis 8. (die). ” Dr. Li is a hero, 9. will live in our hearts forever. May God bless all the courageous doctors and 10. (nurse) fighting on the front line. 【语篇概述】在疫情爆发之前, 他们选择站出来, 让更多应该知道真相的人知道了真相。以此文沉痛哀悼和纪念一位伟大的医生李文亮! 1. 【解析】to warn。考
35、查固定搭配。try to do sth. “尽力去做某事”2. 【解析】the。考查冠词。此处特指新冠病毒。 3. 【解析】confirmed。考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知此处用一般过去式。4. 【解析】its。考查代词。后面的official Weibo是名词, 所以此处用形容词性物主代词。 5. 【解析】unfortunately。考查副词。此处修饰动词短语be infected, 所以用副词形式。6. 【解析】against/with。考查固定搭配。抗击是“fight against”或“fight with”。7. 【解析】adding。考查谓语动词。本句主语是statement
36、, the statement read“声明中写道”, 逗号后面用现在分词作伴随状语, 表示补充。8. 【解析】death。考查名词。根据前面的Lis可知此处用名词。9. 【解析】who。考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句修饰a hero, who在定语从句中作主语。10. 【解析】nurses。考查名词复数。根据and前面的doctors可知此处用复数。完形填空A Commitment to LifeThe snow was falling and the roads had become dangerous. The schools were dismissed early, but
37、much to my surprise, my 1 wasnt canceled. So I went, feeling especially heroic. As far as I could see, I was risking my life to keep my 2 . Snow or no snow, I would be on time for my scheduled donation at the local _3 center. When I got there, I discovered I wasnt alone. Four more “hero-types” were
38、already lying back in donor chairs with lines 4 to their veins, and machines quietly pumping away to 5 their lifesaving gifts. Seeing my fellow donors honoring their own commitments, I realized why I was there. I lay back in my donor chair, ready to make a difference in the life of someone I would n
39、ever meet. To be honest, Id never really thought about why I donate. I just do it. But a few months ago, during one of my 6 donations I learned that my blood was specifically for a cancer patient and for a newborn babyboth patients needed what I would give in order to live. Ive viewed my visits to t
40、he blood center7 ever since. My wife Karen is a 8 , too. And more importantly, she has been on the bone marrow(骨髄) list for fifteen years, ever since she signed up to provide bone marrow to a kindergartner with leukemia(白血病). That little girl died before Karens bone marrow could help her, but Karen
41、was called again recently. Her test results were still on file, and it turned out she was a potential 9 for someone else. The caller asked Karen if she would still be willing to become a bone marrow donor. “Yes, ” she said and then immediately began answering questions on the pages of paperwork for
42、further testing. It was a race against time. I wish I could say that this 10 won. It didnt. The caller later thanked Karen for her participation and asked a few more questionsincluding whether or not shed 11 on the donor list. “Of course, ” Karen answered. Last week Karen gave blood and next week Il
43、l make my usual donation. Ill 12 an afternoon from my schedule and make an appointment. I dont know whose life my donation may 13 . Most likely it will be a stranger, but on any day the person needing a blood product could be you or me or maybe a loved one. It is worthwhile to 14 our time to donate.
44、 I really do feel 15 every time I donate. And I like the feeling. 【语篇概述】作者通过自愿参加献血活动告诉我们: 你献出的每一份小小的爱心, 都可能有大影响。 1. A. appointmentB. classC. meetingD. flight【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文可知我要去参加献血活动, 应该提前预约。此处指: 下大雪了, 但我的预约没取消。appointment“预约”。2. A. secretB. balanceC. shapeD. word【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。因为下着大雪我还是去了, 所以说我是冒着
45、生命遵守诺言的。固定短语: keep ones word遵守诺言。故选D。 3. A. serviceB. shopping C. bloodD. care【解析】选C。背景常识题。因为要献血, 所以到达的是血液中心。所以选C。4. A. exposedB. attachedC. appliedD. added【解析】选B。词义辨析题。另外四个人已经躺在捐赠者的椅子上, 他们的血管上插着管子。expose “暴露”; attach to“附上, 系上”; apply“申请”; add“加上”。根据句意选B。5. A. examineB. produceC. collectD. clean【解析
46、】选 C。词义辨析题。此处指机器在采集血液。examine“检查”; produce“生产”; collect“收集”; clean“清理”。根据句意选C。6. A. regularB. unexpectedC. specialD. pleasant【解析】选B。词义辨析题。几个月前, 在一次意外的献血中, 我了解到我的血液是专门给那些癌症患者和新生儿使用的。regular“常规的”; unexpected“意外的”; special“特殊的”; pleasant“高兴的”。根据句意选B。 7. A. wiselyB. differentlyC. hesitantlyD. carefully【
47、解析】选B。逻辑推理题。自从那时起, 我就用不同的方式看待血液中心。wisely“明智地”; differently“不同地”; hesitantly“犹豫地”; carefully“小心地”。 8. A. receiverB. doctorC. patientD. donor【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文说作者的妻子在捐赠骨髓的名单上, 可知此处指我的妻子也是一个捐赠者。donor“捐赠者”。 9. A. riskB. customerC. match D. partner【解析】选C。背景常识题。捐赠者与受捐者需要各方面相匹配。句意: 她的测试结果还在档案里, 并且结果证明她仍然是一个
48、潜在的匹配者。所以选C。10. A. honor B. testC. prizeD. race【解析】选D。词汇复现题。句意: 我希望我可以说我们赢得了这场比赛。此空与上文的race相呼应。所以选D。 11. A. rank B. signC. appear D. remain【解析】选 D。逻辑推理题。打电话的人问凯伦她是否还愿意留在那个捐赠者的名单上 。remain“留在”。 12. A. clearB. separateC. lose D. remove【解析】选 A。词义辨析题。此处是指我要在百忙之中找出一个下午去做这件事。clear“清理”; separate“分开”; lose“失
49、去”; remove“移除”。故选A。 13. A. touchB. affectC. createD. enrich【解析】选 B。词汇复现题。根据第三段中的make a difference可知选B。句意: 我并不知道我的捐赠可能会影响(affect)谁的生活。 14. A. spend B. saveC. killD. take【解析】选D。词义辨析题。句意: 花费我们的时间在捐赠上还是很值得的。spend“花费”, 后接动词的-ing形式; save“拯救, 节约”; kill time“消磨时间”; take“花费”, 后接动词不定式。所以选D。15. A. emptyB. gratefulC. proudD. nervous【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。句意: 每次捐赠时, 我都感觉很骄傲。我喜欢这种感觉。proud“骄傲的; 自豪的”。关闭Word文档返回原板块