1、四川省岳池县2015高考英语阅读理解练习（2）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。However urban life strikes you，cities worldwide have been growing even more rapidlySome of this growth has occurred in the developed world，but the most dramatic increase has been in the Third WorldAlmost all the worlds population growth ov
2、er the next 30 years will take place in the cities of developing countriesBy the year 2030，for the first time in history，60 percent of the worlds people will be living in citiesThis is actually good news in some ways“Cities are the fundamental building blocks of prosperity,” says Marc Weiss，chairman
3、 of the Prague Institute for Global Urban Development，“ both for the nation and for families” Industrial and commercial activities in urban areas account for between 50 and 80 percent of the gross domestic product （GDP） in most countries of the world“ theres the crazy notion that the way to deal wit
4、h a citys problems is to keep people out of them,” Weiss continued“But the problems of the rural life are even more serious than those of the city” For better or worse，urban-watchers are clear on one point: The quality of life for most people in the future will be determined by the quality of cities
5、Those cities will be bigger than everAnd yet，population numbers by themselves dont determine a citys prospects； after all，Addis Ababa，Ethiopia，and Hamburg，Germany，have the same populationNor is explosive growth necessarily the determining factor“City problems,” one authority points out，“mostly have
6、to do with weak，ineffective，and usually unrepresentative city governments”56The passage mainly discusses _ABig citiesBCity lifeCPopulationDGross Domestic Product57According to the passage，in the year of 2030 _Athere will be 21 cities having a population of more than 10 millionBrural area will be ext
7、inctCmost people will live in citiesDthe third world will keep abreast with the developed world58In the authors opinion，_Abetter city，better lifeBboth urban and rural areas have a larger populationCthe larger population，the faster a city developsDboth urban and rural areas have larger gross domestic
8、 products59Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?AThe developing countries develop faster than the developed countriesBCities contribute more to the GDP than the villagersCSome problems are more easily solved in cities than in countryDIts impossible to solve urban problems by getting
9、people out of cities60The last paragraph implies that _Apublic services are ineffective Bcities are increasing too fastCpopulation is not linked with developmentDgovernment should be responsible for the problems in the cities【参考答案】56-60 A C A A DC7 2013湖北卷 Mothers and daughters go through so muchyet
10、 when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal cowriters as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives
11、have overlapped (重叠)Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mothers: both have fulltime careers; both have published books, articles, and stories; each has three children; they both love to read.They also love to travelin fact, they often take trips together.But in truth
12、, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.Starting with her college education, she has fought for everyt
13、hing shes ever accomplished.Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s.For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her moth
14、er into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together.Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth
15、 to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork.Perri admits that she cant sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy.Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit longhidden sorrows, and e
16、njoy precious memories.Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their motherdaughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other.A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep
17、, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.55Why does Perri think that her own life has mirrored her mothers?AThey both have gone through difficult times.BThey have strong emotional ties with each other.CThey have the same joys and pains, and love and bitternes
18、s.DThey both have experiences as daughter, mother and writer.56The word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means _Asomething rare but not pleasantBsomething that cannot be imaginedCsomething expensive but not necessaryDsomething that can only be enjoyed by boys57What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AThe content of
19、 the book.BThe purpose of the book.CThe influence of the book. DThe writing style of the book.58How are womens lives explored in this book?AIn a musical form. BThrough field research.CWith unique writing skills.DFrom different points of view.【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了母女二人合作写书。因为两人都有母亲、女儿的身份以及重叠的生活等，她们从各自
20、的角度描绘了她们之间的母女关系。 55D 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句以及第二段的前半部分可知，母女二人在身份上、职业上都有着很多的共同之处，因此女儿的生活就可以反映妈妈的生活。故D正确。56C 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“the Depression”以及下文的“luxury is unthinkable”可知它的意思是“奢侈”，即很贵的但没必要的东西。故C正确。57A 段落大意题。根据第四段中的“exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness”可知，第四段主要介绍了本书的内容。故A正确。58D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“
21、A written account in two voices”可知，母女二人是从不同的视角写这本书的。故D正确。【山东省2014高考仿真冲刺卷（6）】E阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life，but any parent can tell you that its hard to let go of your childrenThat balanc
22、e between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreakingYears of experience means that parents often do know best，but on the other hand，the young，being less bound by tradition，are often more creative，more able to find new solutions to old problemsR
23、evolutions are led by the youngGood teachers make the growth of critical （批判性的） thinking easier in their students，only to find that this can lead to a questioning of the teachers basic beliefsSchools encourage parents to become involved，but are often embarrassed when parents have reservations about
24、some of the educational methods being usedGovernments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development processAnd they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies of that same governmentThe rebellions
25、 （叛逆的）young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social developmentThey are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent or not realistic in their demands，but their voices must be heardGood parents know that just forbidding particular behaviors does not prevent their
26、children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activitiesIndeed，sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting，just because it is not accepted by authorityParents must work with their children to educate them on the facts，know as much as possible about he lives of their children，provide a g
27、ood example，encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they dont follow what is expected of themBut the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go61By saying “Revolutions are led by the young”，the author indicates that young people are more_Aconv
28、entionalBcreative Crealistic Dheartbreaking62From the second paragraph we know_Athe voice of the rebellious young should be heard by the governmentBschools encourage parents to question their education methodsCmovement is satisfied with the new leaders attack on the policiesD teachers basic beliefs
29、should be questioned by students 63In order to educate children well，parents should_Aforbid particular behaviors in their daily lifeBknow as much as possible as their childrenCeducate them with facts and expect much of themD know them well and set a good example to them64From the passage we can lear
30、n that the author prefers_Afree parenting Btraditional parentingCsmart parenting D critical parenting65What is the best title of the passage?ATeaching Methods for Teachers and SchoolsBParents Tasks in Childrens DevelopmentCWay of Growth for the Young GroupsDLetting Go for Childrens Independent Life【
31、参考答案】61-65BADCD C7 2013湖北卷 -CWeve reached a strangesome would say unusualpoint.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat
32、, than from being underweight.Its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.Whats going on?We really dont have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been
33、 drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point.In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of
34、heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.That has become a sort of fashion.No won
35、der it ranks as the worlds most bodyconscious country.We know what we should be doing to lose weightbut actually doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower.Others blame good food.They say: its just too inviting
36、 and it makes them overeat.Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.Some also blame their parentstheir genes.But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because theyre normal in shape, or rather slim.Its a sim
37、ilar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to see their kids shape up.Do as I saynot as I do.59What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?AThe good life is a greater risk than the bad life.BStarvation is taking
38、 more peoples lives in the world.CWHO report shows peoples unawareness of food safety.DOverweight issue remains unresolved despite WHOs efforts.60Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?AA lot of effective diet pills are available.BBody image has nothing to do with
39、good food.CThey have been made fully aware of its dangers.DThere are too many overweight people in the world.61The example of Finland is used to illustrate _Athe cause of heart diseaseBthe fashion of body shapingCthe effectiveness of a campaignDthe history of a bodyconscious country62Which would be
40、the best title for the passage?AActions or Excuses? BOverweight or Underweight?CWHO in a Dilemma DNo Longer Dying of Hunger【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述现代人多死于肥胖的问题。人们已经意识到了这一问题，采取了一些措施，并取得了很好的效果。那么肥胖的原因是什么呢？主要是我们没有进行足够的锻炼，超过半数的人认为我们缺乏毅力，也有人将肥胖归咎于好的食物以及父母的遗传基因等。最后作者提出“照我所说的做，还是不做”，即问现代人减肥“行动还是不行动”。 59A 细节理解题。
41、根据第一段中“Its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.”可知，奇怪的事情是“好的生活使人们更易于死亡”。故A正确。60C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的第二句“The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns”知人们早就意识到了肥胖的危害，而且也于2001年发起了一项公众健康的运动，因此我们没理由肥胖了。故C正确。61C 推理判断题。第四段中提到，荷兰人因心脏病死亡的数目在近三十年里已经下降了80%，提到这个例子是为
42、了证明这项运动已经获得了成功。 故C正确。62A 主旨大意题。本文的结构共分三部分：第一部分提出问题；第二部分解决问题，即action；第三部分指出原因，即变胖的理由excuse。因此在总结题目时一定要把两者包括在内，故选项A最合适。【山东省枣庄市2014高考英语3月模拟试题】B 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Parents used to rely on physical punishments to control their childrens bad behavior, which has been proven to b
43、e very harmfulTherefore, most parents now choose to simply yell, thinking that languageprobably wont hurt as muchBut is that really so? Using harsh words such as lazy or stupid is just as harmful as hitting, according to a new study carried out at the University of Pittsburgh, USIt cannot reduce or
44、correct their problem behavior, said Professor Ming - Te Wang, leader of the study, in an interview with The Wall Street JournalOn the contrary, it makes it worse In the study, which involved 976 two - parent families, researchers asked the kids about their behavior problems, while asking their pare
45、nts how often they had yelled at them Nearly half of the parents admitted that theyd shouted at their children in the past yearResearchers noted that the kids whose parents used more harsh words experienced more behavior problems after-wards, including fighting, stealing, lying as well as symptoms o
46、f depression Adolescence is a very sensitive period when kids arc trying Lo develop their self -identities（个性）When you yell, it makes them feel they are not capable, and that they are worthless and useless, Wang saidThis may explain why so many parents say that no matter how loud they shout, their t
47、eenagers don t listen While harsh yelling can stop bad behavior in the moment, it doesn t teach children to be-have how parents want them to, according to Professor Alan Kazdin of Yale University, USWhat parents need is to praise their children for good behaviorIf parents really need to punish their
48、 kids, they should try things like taking away smartphones and reminding them that good behavior will get them back After all, we want to teach kids, not hurt them, said Kazdin46How do most parents react to their childrens misbehaving now? ALetting them aloneBBeating them CShouting at themDPraising
49、them47The study finds that using harsh words Acan make things even worseBinspires children to do betterCcorrects childrens bad behaviorDhas a better effect than hitting48According to Professor Ming - Te Wang, Aphysical punishments are sometimes necessaryBchildren are more self - centered in adolesce
50、nceCparents should never punish kids for misbehavingDharsh yelling damages childrens self - confidence49In Professor Alan Kazdins opinion, parents should Aset good examples for their childrenBtake away their children s smartphonesCpraise their children for good behaviorDalways think in their childrens shoes50What does the underlined word them in the last paragraph refer to?Achildren Bbad behaviors CparentsDsmartphones【参考答案】CADCD