1、河北省衡水中学2020届高三英语下学期四调试题（含解析）第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题1.5分满分30分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。1. Where does this conversation most likely take place?A. At a flower shop. B. On a hill. C. In a garden.2. What will the man probably do?A. Go outside. B. Read a magazine. C. Listen to a prog
2、ram.3. How does the girl usually get back to school?A. By car. B. By bus. C. By taxi.4. What do we know about the woman speaker?A. Shes strict. B. Shes regretful. C. Shes caring.5. What is the man speaker doing?A. Making a suggestion. B. Doing housework. C. Leaning a skill.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
3、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why was Alice late?A. She made a call. B. She got up late. C. She set off late.7. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.
4、 B. Father and daughter. C. Boss and employee.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the weather mostly like during their camping trip?A. Its hot. B. Its cold. C. Its rainy.9. How does Linda feel about the man?A. Mysterious. B. Considerate. C. Disgusting.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What are the speakers talking about?A
5、. Housekeeping. B. Shopping. C. Cooking.11. Whose price has just increased at the highest rate?A. Cheeses. B. Bacons. C. Meats.12. Why is the woman unwilling to buy instant coffee?A. Because its bitter. B. Because its unpopular. C. Because its expensive.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is probably the man
6、speaker?A. A chemist. B. A dentist. C. A patient.14. When does the woman have an appointment with Dr. Williams?A. This morning. B. At five oclock. C. Next week.15. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Wait for Dr. Williams. B. Be cautious about her diet. C. Go to the dentists directly.16. What
7、will the man do to help the woman?A. Give her what she wants. B. Ring Dr. Williams for her. C. Make an appointment for her.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where can students keep fit?A. In the recreation center. B. In a fast food restaurant. C. In the student health center.18. What do we know about the supply
8、 of healthy food in most university restaurants?A. Its short. B. Its abundant. C. Its reasonable.19. Which of the following do students find extremely good?A. Fitness activities. B. The smoking ban. C. Medical care.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. Convenience in exercise. B. Healthy l
9、ife in universities. C. Medical care for university students.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，每小题2分满分40分)ASummer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and retur
10、n to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices.ActivityDescriptionMember of staffCostOutdoor Adventure (OUT)Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to
11、take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment.Mr. Clemens140WWI Battlefields and Paris(WBP)On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern
12、 France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sigh
13、ts.Mrs. Wilson425CraftyFoxes(CRF)Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations.Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.Mrs. Goode30Potty about Potter(POT)Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop
14、 to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on-Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxfords Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.Miss Drake1501. Which activity will
15、 you choose if you want to go camping?A. OUTB. WBPC. CRFD. POT2. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?A. Travel to London.B. See a parade and fireworks.C. Tour central Paris.D. Visit the WWI battlefields.3. How long does Potty about Potter last?A. Two days.B. Four days.C. Five days.
16、D. One week.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的with Wilson，我们可以锁定第二个活动。根据On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in L
17、ondon, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War battlefields.可知，星期一是去往伦敦并在伦敦住一夜，第二天也就是星期二到法国北部去参观一战的战场。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的信息Potty about Potter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息overnight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。【点睛】做广告布告类说明文题型时一定要先看题干，再从文中找答案。我们可以清楚的看到：这三道题是互相之间没有联系的并且都是根据题干中的关键信息就可以锁定某一
18、段落直接找答案的。BMany of us love July because its the month when natures berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbias fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because
19、 of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxid
20、ants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as
21、they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you ha
22、ve a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a childrens party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream
23、 come out below.4. What does the author seem to like about cherries?A. They contain protein.B. They are high in vitamin A.C. They have a pleasant taste.D. They are rich in antioxidants.5. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A. To make them smell better.B. To keep their colour.C. To spe
24、ed up their ripening.D. To improve their nutrition.6. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.7. From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A research paper.D. A travel brochure.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B【解析】本
25、文是一篇日常生活类说明文。文中讲述了人们热爱水果丰盛的7月，这时候各种水果营养丰富且含有对人体有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我们可以利用它做一些孩子喜欢的甜点或冰淇淋。【4题详解】细节理解题。题干问的是，作者喜欢樱桃什么。根据第二段中As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares?（至于樱桃，因为它们很好吃谁在乎呢?）可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent th
26、em turning brown.可知，往香蕉上滴新鲜的柠檬汁是为了防止香蕉变成褐色，故新鲜的柠檬汁是被用来保持香蕉的颜色的。故选B。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below可知，孩子们喜欢把一些水果和冷冻的香蕉放入到这台机器的上部，然后看到冰激凌从下面出来。故可以推出a juicer就是一台机器。故选D。【7题详解】文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指
27、出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段指出我们可以用a juicer为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。A项意为：生物教科书；B项意为：一本健康杂志；C项意为：一篇研究论文；D项意为：一本旅游手册。故选B。点睛：做词义猜测题时我们要注意观察，划线单词的构成结构。如本题背划线的单词是juicer，我们都知道“er”是单词的后缀。它既可以表示人，又可以表示物。如：cleaner既可以表示清洁工，又可以表示清洁工具。根据下文中的意思，可以判断出本题中的a juicer是表示物。CTeens and younger children are reading a lot less fo
28、r fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the repor
29、ts key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 28, remain largely
30、the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on readin
31、g. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids
32、and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might
33、take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.8. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A. Childrens reading habits.B. Quality of childrens books.C. Childrens after-class activities.D. Parent-child relationships.9.
34、 Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”?A. In paragraph 2.B. In paragraph 3.C. In paragraph 4.D. In paragraph 5.10. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A. E-books are of poor quality.B. It could be a waste of time.C. It may harm childrens he
35、alth.D. E-readers are expensive.11. How should parents encourage their children to read more?A. Act as role models for them.B. Ask then to write book reports.C. Set up reading groups for them.D. Talk with their reading class teachers.【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。据本周一公布的a Common Sense Med
36、ia report报告显示，青少年和年幼的孩子们读书的乐趣大大减少。文中从阅读的乐趣，阅读的时间，阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等角度展示了该报告的内容。【8题详解】推理判断题。题干问的是这篇报道可能是关于什么内容。根据整篇文章，我们可以看出这篇报道讲述了孩子们阅读的乐趣，孩子们阅读的时间，孩子们阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响。A项意为：孩子们的阅读习惯；B项意为：孩子们所读书籍的质量；C项意为：孩子们的课后活动；D项意为：父母与孩子的关系。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的the proportion (比例) who say they hardly ever read for
37、fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.可知，很少为乐趣而阅读的人的比例已经分别从1984年的13岁的8%和17岁的9%上升到现在的22%和27%。也就是说，为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns a
38、bout increased screen time可知，许多家长仍然限制电子阅读，主要是由于担心看一些电子屏幕的时间越来越多，也即是担心会伤害孩子们的健康。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.可知，有明显的证据表明，父母为孩子们做榜样并为孩子们作重要指导能培养孩子的阅读习惯
39、。也即是说，父母可以通过给孩子们作榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读的。故选A。【点睛】作此类型的题时，一定要读懂第一段。第一段读懂了，整篇文章大意也就迎刃而解了。明白了大意，第28题我们也不难看出答案，本文讲的肯定不是质量，不是活动也不是关系。而是习惯，即孩子们的阅读习惯。DAccording to a new study， teens focus on rewards and have a hard time learning to avoid punishment or consider the consequences of alternative actions.University Colleg
40、e London researchers compared how teens and adults learn to make choices based on the available information. They tracked the way in which 18 volunteers aged 12-17 and 20 volunteers aged 18-32 completed tasks in which they had to choose between abstract symbols.Each symbol was consistently associate
41、d with a fixed chance of a reward, punishment, or no outcome. As the trial progressed ， participants learned which symbols were likely to lead to each outcome and adjusted their choices accordingly. Teens and adults were equally good at learning to choose symbols associated with reward， but teens we
42、re less good at avoiding symbols associated with punishment. Adults also performed significantly better when they were told what would have happened if they had chosen the other symbol after each choice， while teens did not appear to take this information into account.“From this experimental lab stu
43、dy we can draw conclusions about learning during the teen years. We find that teens and adults learn in different ways， something that might be relevant to education, said lead author Dr. Stefano Palminteri. Unlike adults, teens are not so good at learning to adjust their choices to avoid punishment
44、. This suggests that incentive systems based on reward rather than punishment may be more effective for this age group. Additionally, we found that teens did not learn from being shown what would have happened if they made alternative choices.To interpret the results, the researchers developed compu
45、tational models of learning and ran simulations （模拟）applying them to the results of the study. The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The third model was the most complete and took the full
46、 context into account, with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking. For example, obtaining no outcome rather than losing a point is weighted equally to gaining a point rather than having no outcome.Comparing the experimental data to the models the team found that teens behavio
47、r followed the simple reward-based model while adults behavior matched the complete, contextual model. “Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value, ” said senior author Dr. Sarah-Jayne Blakemore. “As a result, it may be useful for parents
48、and teachers to frame things in more positive terms.”12. It can be learned from the study that .A. adults made choices faster than teensB. adults understood rewards better than teensC. teens reacted better to reward than punishmentD. teens were aware of the outcome of each choice13. What do we know
49、about the three computational models?A. They reflected peoples strong desire for punishment avoidance.B. They gave circumstances different degrees of consideration.C. They paid equal attention to reward and punishment.D. They shaped the behavior of people at different ages.14 The underlined word “re
50、ceptive in the last paragraph probably means .A. accustomedB. opposedC. sympatheticD. responsive15. According to the writer, which of the following statements works best for teens?A. “If you insist on doing things in this way， you will lose ten points. B. “If we had talked about this earlier， you wo
51、uldnt have made the mistake. C. “ If you hand in your assignment ahead of time， you will get an extra bonus.D. “If you want to approach a problem differently ， you can talk to your parents. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项新研究，研究表明青少年们关注回报，很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our stu
52、dy suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value”可知，这个研究表明青少年们对于同样意义的回报和惩罚，更能接受回报而不是惩罚，意在表明青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好，C项切题。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to this by also learning fro
53、m the option that was not chosen. The third model was the most complete and took the full context into account, with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking.”可知第一个是简单模型，从回报中了解到的。第二个增加了一些从未被选的选择中了解的部分。第三个模型是完全考虑到了惩罚避免和追求回报的等量关系，这部分语境意在表示研究者给了环境不同程度的考虑。B项切题。故选B项。【14题详解】词义推测题。根据最后
54、一段中“Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value”，研究表明青少年们对于同样意义的回报和惩罚，更能接受回报而不是惩罚，意在表明青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好。A. accustomed习惯；B. opposed相反；C. sympathetic同情的；D. responsive反应积极的。结合句子结构分析和翻译语境可知， D项切合题意。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通过阅读全文可知，本文主旨介绍了一项新研究，研究表明青少年们关
55、注回报，很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。C项意为“如果你提前交作业，你会得到额外奖励”，符合原文关于青少年们关注回报的表述。故选C项。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. _16_ Working out in the
56、 morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. _17_Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. _18_ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the c
57、alorie(卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep._19_ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited._20_ If y
58、ou work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in th
59、e mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.A. You will stick to your diet.B. Your quality of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E. You can keep your he
60、ad clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up!【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。【16题详解】根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有
61、时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。【17题详解】根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。【18题详解】空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F
62、项的进一步延伸。故选F。【19题详解】此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。【20题详解】根据空后句子“If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。）”，A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。【点睛】七选五题型，
63、要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。本篇文章采用总分总的结构，第一段和最后一段是总述，中间是分述，中间每段都是主题句加分述句构成。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，每小题1.5分,满分45分)第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch, hed moved to England with his mum whe
64、n he was three and it had been 13 years since Id _21_ seen him. So imagine my _22_ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.I was _23_! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to _24_. The bay was _25_ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shor
65、e. Getting a little _26_. I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in _27_. “Somethings not _28_!” I took off my T-shirt and _29_ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was _30_ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped _31_ the young
66、man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something _32_ to me. Those brown eyes were very _33_. “Whats his name?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I _34_. That stranger was my son!The instructors called for an ambulance. _35_, after a brief stay
67、 in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to _36_ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben _37_ to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You _38_ my life!”I still cant believe what a _39_ it was. Im just so glad I was there _40_ to help my son.21
68、. A. alsoB. oftenC. evenD. last22. A. delightB. reliefC. angerD. worry23. A. scaredB. shockedC. thrilledD. ashamed24. A. talkB. stayC. meetD. settle25. A. bathedB. cleanC. deepD. formed26. A. fasterB. closerC. heavierD. wiser27. A. troubleB. advanceC. questionD. battle28. A. realB. rightC. fairD. fi
69、t29. A. staredB. sankC. divedD. fell30. A. arguingB. fightingC. ShoutingD. shaking31. A. leadB. persuadeC. carryD. keep32. A. happenedB. occurredC. appliedD. appealed33. A. sharpB. pleasantC. attractiveD. familiar34. A. agreedB. hesitatedC. doubtedD. knew35. A. FortunatelyB. FranklyC. SadlyD. Sudden
70、ly36. A. returnB. relaxC. speakD. leave37. A. jokedB. turnedC. listenedD. pointed38. A. createdB. honoredC. savedD. guided39. A. coincidenceB. changeC. pityD. pain40. A. on boardB. in timeC. for sureD. on purpose【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D
71、35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故选D项切题。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight
72、高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；C. anger怒，忿怒；D. worry担心。故选A项切题。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared惊恐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. thrilled欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed惭愧的。故选C项切题。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留； C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。【25题详解】考查形容词词义
73、辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question
74、问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真实的；B. right正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳水；D. fell打倒；击倒。故选C项切题。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He
75、was unconscious可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊；D. shaking摇动。故选D项切题。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是碰巧的意思。故选B项切题。【33题详解】考查形容词词义
76、辨析。根据下文，“Whats his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。故选D项切题。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. F
77、ortunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢。A. joked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出
78、。故选B项切题。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。【40题详解】考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. o
79、n board在船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure肯定；D. on purpose目的。故选B项切题。点睛：occur和happen的区别 1. occur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”的事。跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Something occurred意思是“某事发生了”。An idea occurs to me that going to Switzerland for traveling will be marvelous! 我想到去瑞士旅游会很棒!2. happen常指具体事件的发生，特别
80、指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如：How did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的?If anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。如果happen后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如：I happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。注意：happen和happen to都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。附加题Pam Bales， an experienced hiker， stepped onto snow-covered Jew
81、ell Trail. The hike up the lower part of Jewell was _41_. But less than an hour later， the weather was showing its teeth. Bales began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of _42_ in the snow ahead of her. Shed been_43_unclear tracks all day and hadnt given them m
82、uch _44_， because so many people climb Jewell Trail. But these， as a volunteer of the Valley Search and Rescue Team， she _45_， had been made by a pair of sneakers， which was surely not for this kind of trail. Strong wind screamed， and_46_was just hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks，
83、shed add_47_to the journey. But the tracks ahead meant someone might be in _48_She could not let this go. She silently scolded the absent hiker for _49_ normal safety rules and struggled to walk carefully in the direction of the _50_ .After about tracks to 30 yards， she rounded a corner and saw a ma
84、n sitting motionless. He wore tennis sneakers and a light jacket. She checked him for any sign of _51_ . There was none. Bales had been trained in search and rescue and knew that he was hypothermic （ 体温过低的 ） and would _52_soon if he didnt get out of there. The man said he had lost his way and was ex
85、tremely_53_ . Bales brought a pair of soft-shell pants， a winter hat， and a jacket from her pack. She helped the man _54_ the warm， dry layers onto his body and offered him some hot cocoa._55_he stood. She offered continuous encouragement“ Keep going! Youre doing great. Just before 6 p. m.， they arr
86、ived at the trailhead very_56_ . Her climb up to the spot where she_57_ the man had taken about four hours. Two hours had passed since then.A week later， the president of Bales rescue group received a letter in the mail. It read： “ On Sunday October! 17， 1 went up my trail， Jewell. _58_ was to be ba
87、d. But without thinking too much I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me， changing my clothes， making me warmer. She just kept_59_me. Finally， I learned her name was Pam. The entire time she treated me with compassion （同情心），confidence， and one hundred percent commi
88、tment.In the nine years since she saved John， Bales has become something of a hiking legend （传奇人物）. Its a（ n） _60_ she never sought or wanted， but one she certainly has earned.41. A. longB. boringC. pleasantD. unforgettable42. A. clothesB. toolsC. glovesD. footprints43. A. recordingB. followingC. co
89、veringD. leaving44. A. responseB. expectationC. thoughtD. hope45. A. realizedB. suggestedC. admittedD. remembered46. A. successB. darknessC. freedomD. disaster47. A. informationB. interestC. riskD. pain48. A. troubleB. controlC. doubtD. touch49. A. knowingB. makingC. judgingD. breaking50. A. windB.
90、tracksC. soundD. hikers51. A. powerB. lifeC. injuryD. loss52. A. recoverB. escapeC. wakeD. die53. A. coldB. starvingC. sleepyD. concerned54. A. pickB. pullC. bringD. carry55. A. UnwillinglyB. NervouslyC. ImmediatelyD. Slowly56. A. tiredB. stressedC. upsetD. scared57. A. treatedB. observedC. locatedD
91、. protected58. A. ChanceB. SightC. HealthD. Weather59. A. praisingB. encouragingC. excusingD. instructing60. A. titleB. fortuneC. opportunityD. option【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. D 56. A 57. C 58. D 59. B 60. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。全文主要讲述了一位经验丰富的徒
92、步旅行者Pam Bales在登山途中救了一位登山迷路者的经历。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爬珠宝小径较低的部分很令人愉悦。A. long长的；B. boring无聊的；C. pleasant愉悦的；D. unforgettable难忘的。结合后文转折后遇到困难可知C项pleasant“愉悦的”切题。故选C项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他留意到了雪中的脚印。A. clothes衣服；B. tools工具；C. gloves手套；D. footprints脚印。通过语境翻译可知脚印切题。故选D项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她沿着这条小径走了一天了，而且因为很
93、多人都爬过这座山，所以她也没多想。A. recording记录；B. following沿着；C. covering覆盖；D. leaving离开。由前文可知她在爬小径，此处使用following“沿着”符合题意。故选B项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她沿着这条小径走了一天了，而且因为很多人都爬过这座山，所以她也没多想。A. response回复；B. expectation期待；C. thought想法；D. hope希望。通过语境翻译可知C项切题。故选C项。45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是作为峡谷搜救队的志愿者，她意识到这样的运动鞋绝对不适合爬山。A. realized意
94、识到；B. suggested建议；C. admitted承认；D. remembered记得。根据后文中继续寻找可知，此处是意识到可能存在问题需要解决，A项realized“意识到”切题。故选A项。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有几小时就要黑天了。A. success成功；B. darkness黑暗、黑天；C. freedom自由；D. disaster灾难。通过语境翻译可知B项darkness“黑暗、黑天”切题。故选B项。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果继续的话会增加风险。A. information信息；B. interest兴趣；C. risk风险；D. pain痛
95、苦。结合前文所述大风在刮马上天黑，表示环境艰险，C项risk“风险”切题。故选C项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：前方的轨迹意味着可能有人遇到麻烦了。A. trouble麻烦；B. control控制；C. doubt怀疑；D. touch触摸。通过语境翻译可知A项trouble“麻烦”切题。故选A项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她小声的责备消失的登山者，他违反了安全规则。A. knowing知道；B. making制作；C. judging评论；D. breaking打破。结合前文所述前方的旅程危险，因此打破了安全规则，D项breaking“打破”切题。故选D项。【50题详
96、解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她小心翼翼地往那个登山者的方向走。A. wind风；B. tracks轨迹；C. sound声音；D. hikers登山者。结合后文所述所跟随的雪地上的轨迹， B项tracks“轨迹”切题。故选B项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她检查了一下他是否有受伤迹象。A. power能力；B. life生活；C. injury受伤；D. loss损失。通过语境翻译可知C项injury“受伤”切题。故选C项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他不离开这里就会死掉。 A. recover恢复；B. escape逃跑；C. wake醒来；D. die死亡。通过
97、后文内容可知，他伤的很重，D项die “死亡”切题。故选D项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说他迷路了，感觉特别冷。A. cold寒冷；B. starving饥饿；C. sleepy困倦；D. concerned担心。结合上文所述可知当时天气极为寒冷，因此A项cold“寒冷”切题。故选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她帮这个男人把温暖干净的毯子拉到他的身上，给他一杯热可可。A. pick捡起；B. pull拉；C. bring带来；D. carry携带。通过语境翻译可知B项pull“拉”切题。故选B项。【55题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地站了起来。A. Unw
98、illingly不情愿地；B. Nervously紧张地；C. Immediately立即地；D. Slowly慢慢地。结合后文内容可知在她的鼓励下他继续走了下去，此处意为先站了起来。D项切题。故选D项。【56题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们疲惫地到达了登山口。A. tired疲惫的；B. stressed有压力的；C. upset沮丧的；D. scared害怕的。根据下句可知她爬山到发现他的地点用了4小时的时间，意在表明路程之长，A项tired“疲惫的”切题。故选A项。【57题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她爬山到定位他的地点用了4小时的时间。A. treated对待；B. obse
99、rved观察；C. located定位；D. protected保护。通过语境翻译可知C项located“定位”切题。故选C项。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天气要变坏了。A. Chance机会；B. Sight视力；C. Health健康；D. Weather天气。通过语境翻译可知D项Weather“天气”切题。故选D项。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直在鼓励我。A. praising表扬；B. encouraging 鼓励；C. excusing找理由；D. instructing指导。根据前文可知他处于困境中时，她一直在鼓励他增强求生欲，因此B项encouraging
100、“鼓励”切题。故选B项。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从没想过会得到这样一个称号，但她真的实至名归得到了。A. title头衔、称号；B. fortune 运气、财富；C. opportunity机会；D. option选择。通过语境翻译可知A项title“头衔、称号”切题。故选A项。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country _61_（grow）more
101、 corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government
102、 encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased _66_ (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Ba
103、nk, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soil-testing program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7
104、million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _70_ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide. says the banks Juergen Voegele.【答案】61. has grown 62. the 63. actua
105、lly 64. to improve 65. than 66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that/which 70. feeding【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名认识的认可。【61题详解】考查时态。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。【62题详解】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是
106、这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。【65题详解】考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。【66题详解】考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。【67题详解】考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球
107、化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。【68题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。【69题详解】考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。【70题详解】考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动
108、作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。点睛：学会分析句子成分。The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 - when the government started a soil-testing program which /that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and
109、2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 这句话中有两个定语从句。一个是关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词是2005，the government是主语，a soil-testing program是宾语，故此空缺少谓语动词，我们可以看出时态是一般过去时。另一个是关系代词指代program引导的定语从句，先行词是program，gives是第三人称谓语动词，可以看出是考查关系词。代指物并作主语，关系词要用that/which。第一节71.When I was little, Fridays night was our family g
110、ame night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play
111、 the games for them sometimes. I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【答案】When I was little, night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all
112、in the sitting room. As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would say to that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes. I didnt realize how right my parents until I entered h
113、igh school. The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的个人经历。小时候周五夜晚家长不允许作者看卡通片，而是让他和他们一块儿玩扑克牌游戏。长大后作者才明白，这些纸牌游戏在后来的生活中很有用。第一处：考查名词。名词作定语，往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”，并不是所有关系，故把Fridays
114、改为Friday。第二处：考查名词单复数。all表示三者或三者以上，后用名词复数。故把sort改为sorts。第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片）。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。第五处：考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to删除。第六处：考查代词。句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改为me。第七处：考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意
115、做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是过去的情况，故用过去时。所以在unwilling前加was。第八处：考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”，故把for改为with。第九处：考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把are改为were。第十处：考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。点晴：名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别。一般来说，名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质，而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所
116、有（权）关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。“the Party members（党员）”中，名词定语表示members的性质；“the Partys calls（党的号召）”中，Party具有动作发出者的作用，calls虽然是名词，却具有动作的含义。a student teacher实习教师，a students teacher一位学生的老师。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）72. 书面表达假设你是李华，在英国朋友Toby家里度过了愉快的两周。回国后，你打算给他写一封感谢信，要点如下：1感谢他的热情招待；2总结两周收获（如了解了英国文化，提高了英语听说能力等）；3邀请他明年来中国。注意：1词数100左
117、右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Toby, Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear TobyI am writing to express my gratitude for your hospitality while I stayed at your home in England, which was an unforgettable experience for me and I benefited a lot from it .During the two weeks, I learned a lot about English cu
118、lture and history by visiting many museums in England. In an environment exposed to English, my English listening and speaking abilities got improved greatly. Furthermore ,I made some new friends, who helped me a lot Welcome to my home next summer, I will be your guide and you can experience traditi
119、onal Chinese culture and taste Chinese food . I m look forward to your coming.【解析】试题分析：考查开放性作文写作,开放性作文给出了一个话题，并有部分的文字提示。给考生自由发挥的余地较大。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。在完成开放性作文时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。【亮点说明】范文中运用一些常见的短语benefit from从。中受益；be exposed to 暴露于；I am writing
120、to express my gratitude for your hospitality while I stayed at your home in England, which was an unforgettable experience for me这个句子运用到which引导非限制性定语从句；In an environment exposed to English, my English listening and speaking abilities got improved greatly.这个句子运用到非谓语动词做后置定语；考点： 提纲类作文书面表达真题73.你受学生会委托为校
121、宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：(1)短片内容：学校的发展；(2)放映时间、地点；(3)欢迎对短片提出意见。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】One possible version:Boys and girls,I have good news for you. The English film Growing Together made by our teachers and some senior students will be displayed this weekend. It
122、shows us the whole history of schools development, which is I think the attraction to us. If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustnt miss this excellent opportunity! Besides, all your suggestions and comments about this film will be welcome.It will be displayed in the School Film Hall, from 9:00 am to 10:00 am, June 9th, Saturday.Thats all. Thank you.The Students UnionJune 8, 2018【解析】英语书面通知的时态应该以一般将来时为主，多使用被动语态、简单句。在通知中不应当过度的使用较复杂的词语和读起来拗口的句子。第二个注意点：层次一定要清晰，一个层次要表达一件事情，使人看起来一目了然。
