1、 (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020 郑州一中摸底测试) Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.But while its long been believed that endorphins(内啡肽)chemicals in the body that cause happinessare behind the socalled “runners high
2、”， a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids(内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.To
3、test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given a
4、 drug to block their endorphins they changed. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, the runners high symptoms seemed to fade.“The longheld notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when i
5、t comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out，” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on a science blog.Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but its already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UKs National Health Servi
6、ce even prescribes(开药方)exercise for patients who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate(中等的)
7、 depression，” it wrote on its website.It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we dont fully understand where it comes from. At least if were feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.【解题导语】本文主要探究了影响运动者情绪高涨的因素。1What did scientist
8、s from German universities recently discover?AWorking out is a highly effective way to treat depression.BThe runners high could be caused by endocannabinoids.CEndorphins may contribute to ones high spirits after running.DThe level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect ones mood.B解析：细节理解题。根
9、据第三段“According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids(内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.”可知，德国一些大学的科学家们最近发现了跑步者情绪高涨是由内源性大麻素引起的，故选B。2The scientists gave mice drugs in their e
10、xperiment to _.Afind what reduces the runners high symptomsBsee the specific symptoms of the runners highCidentify what is responsible for the runners highDtest what influences the level of endocannabinoids releasedC解析：推理判断题。根据对第二段和第三段的整体理解，并结合第四段“To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.”
11、可推知，科学家们在实验中给老鼠药物是为了确定究竟是哪种物质会引起跑步者的情绪高涨，故选C。3The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to “_”AeffectBgoalCquestionDbeliefD解析：词义猜测题。根据对全文内容的理解可知，该词所在句子与第二段“But while its long been believed that endorphins(内啡肽)chemicals in the body that cause happinessare behind the socalled
12、 runners high， a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.”呼应，并结合本句结构可推知，此处notion与believed相呼应，故选D。4According to the UKs National Health Service, regular workouts _Aare the best way to treat depressionBcan help ease depression symptomsConly work for those with
13、 serious depressionDcan help people completely recover from depressionB解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三、四段和倒数第二段第二句“Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate(中等的)depression.”可知，常规锻炼有利于情绪好转及缓解抑郁症状，故选B。B(2020湖南六校联考)Keeping fit often means sh
14、aring a busy pathway with cyclists, runners and walkers, but imagine facing the task of doing it all without being able to see or hear. It is a challenge many disabled athletes face, unless someone agrees to be their eyes and ears.Newly formed group Achilles Brisbane pairs visionand hearingimpaired(
15、视觉和听觉受损的) athletes with people who would like to guide them.Jane Britt, president of Achilles Brisbane, who is visionand hearingimpaired, said, “When we go out, its much less frightening to have someone beside us that has full hearing to listen for us and tell us whats there.”Ms.Cullen and Ms.Britt
16、meet up most Saturday mornings to take part in the fivekilometer park run. Their partnership is built on trust, but Ms. Britt said that it took time to develop.Ms.Britt said it took an unexpected storm for her to trust Ms. Cullen completely. “There was violent rain, my glasses were broken and we wer
17、e walking together. I suddenly had to tell her I couldnt see anything, and I was going to have to completely trust her. From that time I knew it was going to work because she was so good about dealing with the special situation we both found ourselves in，” she said.Isabella Allen and her seeing eye
18、dog Tatum are two new additions to the Achilles Brisbane. Ms. Allen kept active by rowing, running and cycling but found it difficult to keep going as her vision became worse. After nearly giving up completely, she worked up the courage to ask Achilles Brisbane to find someone to share a boat with h
19、er.Ms. Allen said the fear of not finding anyone to row with almost stopped her from reaching out to Achilles Brisbane. “But, they found people and matched me to them，” she said. “Its the best thing Ive ever done.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。残疾人参加体育锻炼与正常人是不同的，他们常常面临各种挑战，为此专门成立了一个锻炼帮扶组织。文章讲述了该组织帮扶的两个具体事例。5What do
20、es Paragraph 1 try to show?AThe danger of walking on a busy road.BThe difficulty the disabled athletes face.CThe exercise people do to keep fit.DThe necessity of building roads for the blind.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“but imagine facing the task of doing it all without being able to see or hear. It is a chal
21、lenge many disabled athletes face, unless someone agrees to be their eyes and ears”可推知，对于视觉和听觉受损的运动员来说，参加锻炼是一项挑战，除非有人做他们的耳朵和眼睛；由此可推知，第一段旨在说明残疾人运动员所面临的困难，故B项正确。6How does Jane Britt feel about going out alone?ARelaxed.BExcited.CWorried.DBored.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When we go out, its much less frightening
22、 to have someone beside us that has full hearing to listen for us and tell us whats there.”可推知，Jane Britt认为，他们出去的时候，如果他们身旁有听力正常的人为他们去听并告诉他们那里有什么，那就没有那么可怕了。由此可推知，Jane Britt对独自外出感到担忧，故C项正确。7What happened in the heavy rain according to Ms.Britt?AShe developed a strong sense of teamwork.BShe led Ms.Cull
23、en forward on the road.CShe began to rely on Ms.Cullen as her guide.DShe fell down on the ground.C解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“I suddenly had to tell her I couldnt see anything, and I was going to have to completely trust her.”可知，Britt的眼镜在大雨中碎了，她看不到任何东西，完全依靠Cullen女士做她的向导，故C项正确。8What was the best thing Ms.A
24、llen has done?AAsking Achilles Brisbane for help.BWorking in Achilles Brisbane.CExercising nonstop.DMeeting Tatum.A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“But，they found people and matched me to them，she said.Its the best thing Ive ever done.”可知，Allen女士认为她做的最好的事情是向Achilles Brisbane求助，故A项正确。.完形填空(2020昆明教学质量检测)My least
25、 favorite part was participating in sport meets, for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was _1_. I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge to go to the nearest _2_. This year, _3_， I was encouraged to join in a running competition by my coach.The
26、800meter event was approaching, meaning that I would _4_ soon. I breathed deeply and tried to _5_ my worries. I walked over to some of the _6_ who would run with me and started to _7_ with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as _8_ as possible.I stepped up to the line for the eve
27、nt. The starter raised his starting gun and _9_. About twentyfive runners _10_. With these runners around me, I _11_ my coachs words, “You may be small, but you have _12_ power.” So, I kept up with athletes twice my _13_. I picked up the runner in seventh place and based my steps on him, making it a
28、 little bit faster. One by one, I _14_ to make it to the top four, bursting around the lap.It was the last lap before the final straightaway. I _15_ I had the possibility to win. So I widened my steps, speeding up my _16_. I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side down the l
29、ast 100 metersI _17_ him by a hair at the finishing line.My coach gave me a _18_ hug as I headed back to see him. He was _19_ because I had shortened my original _20_ by twelve seconds at least.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”以前喜欢一个人跑步，最不爱参加运动会，但是今年“我”努力尝试，参加了跑步比赛。1A.shocked BnervousCcomfortable DbraveB解析：根据上文中的“
30、for I loved running by myself”以及空后的“I had butterflies in my stomach”可知，当“我”与运动员同伴赛跑时，“我”很紧张。2A.stadium BhospitalCbathroom DstationC解析：根据该句中的“I had butterflies in my stomach”并结合选项和常识可推知，“我”和其他人一起跑步很紧张，会突然急切地想去最近的洗手间。3A.however BinsteadCotherwise DmoreoverA解析：空处所在句表示今年教练鼓励“我”去参加跑步比赛，与上文内容形成转折，所以用howev
31、er“然而”。4A.delay BfailCescape DcompeteD解析：根据空前的“The 800meter event was approaching”可知，“我”很快将参加800米比赛。5A.ignore BincreaseCform DimagineA解析：根据语境可知，“我”深呼吸并试图忽略自己的担忧。6A.reporters BjudgesCrunners DcoachesC解析：根据语境和空后的“who would run with me”可知，“我”走向一些将和“我”一起跑步的跑步者，开始和他们一起热身(warm up)。7A.watch out Bturn backC
32、get away Dwarm upD解析：参见上题解析。8A.smoothly BrapidlyCcalmly DpatientlyB解析：根据空前的“We were all.to run”并结合常识可知，“我们”都准备好尽可能快地奔跑。9A.returned BwithdrewCscreamed DfiredD解析：根据语境可知，发令员举起发令枪并开枪(示意起跑)。10A.took off Bset downClooked on Dwent aboutA解析：根据上文可知，发令员开枪示意起跑，大约25名赛跑者出发。11A.challenged BrecalledCforgot Dadapte
33、dB解析：根据语境可知，被这些赛跑者包围，“我”想起了教练的话。12A.exact BgreatCpractical DsuitableB解析：根据空前的“You may be small” “but”并结合语境可知，此处表示你或许弱小，但你拥有巨大的力量。13A.pressure BsalaryCsize DageC解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，“我”与两倍于自己体格的运动员齐头并进。14A.offered BpretendedCregretted DmanagedD解析：根据空后的“make it to the top four”可知，“我”设法跑进了前四。15A.claimed Bhea
34、rdCsupposed DrememberedC解析：根据上文中的“the last lap”可知，“我”认为自己有获胜的可能。16A.speech BmindCfight DpaceD解析：根据空前的“So I widened my steps”可知，“我”跨大步子，加快了速度。17A.beat BpushedCdragged DfollowedA解析：根据语境可知，“我”追上了第一名，并和他肩并肩跑完了最后的100米，在终点线以微弱的优势赢了他。18A.soft BcautiousCfirm DslightC解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”在赛跑中取得了第一名，当“我”回去看教练时，教练给了“我”一个坚实的拥抱。19A.excited BdisappointedCrelaxed DdepressedA解析：根据语境可知，教练很兴奋，因为“我”比自己原先的(跑步)时间(time)至少缩短了12秒。20A.distance BtimeClap DstepB解析：参见上题解析。