1、A(2015云南昆明实验中学质检)Ricardo Semler became boss of his fathers business Semco in Brazil at the age of 21. Ricardo worked like a(n) _1_ man，from 7：30 am to midnight every day.One afternoon，while he was visiting a factory in New York，he _2_.The doctor told him if he _3_ like that，he would find a new home
2、in hospital.Semler got the _4_.He changed the way he _5_.In fact，he changed the ways his _6_ worked，too.He let his workers take more _7_ so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong.He _8_ them to set their own salaries，_9_ their own working hours and he cut all the jobs that he th
3、ought were _10_，like receptionists and secretaries.He changed the office：_11_ walls，they have plants at Semco，so bosses cant _12_ themselves away from everyone else.And the workers are _13_ to decorate their workspace as they want.It sounds perfect，but does it _14_？The answer is in the _15_：in the l
4、ast six years，Semcos revenues(收入) have _16_ from $35 million to $212 million.The company has gone from eight hundred employees to 3,000.Why?Semler says its because of “peer pressure” which makes employees work _17_ for everyone else.If someone isnt doing his job _18_，the other workers will not allow
5、 the _19_ to continue.In other words，Ricardo treats his workers like adults rather than children，and expects them to act like responsible _20_.And they do.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作为老板，只有让团队中的每个人都能自觉主动地承担责任，形成我为人人，人人为我的氛围，才能提高团队的工作效率。这正是Semler之所以成功的原因。1A.interestingBindependentCmad Dgreat解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“
6、from 7：30 am to midnight every day”可知，他拼命地工作。故选C，意为“疯狂的”。A项意为“令人感兴趣的”；B项意为“独立的”；D项意为“非常好的”，均不符合题意。2A.fell down Bgave upCwent out Dgot off解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。根据下句“The doctor told him”可知，他病倒了。故选A，意为“倒下”。B项意为“放弃”；C项意为“熄灭，出去”；D项意为“下车，离开，出发”，均不符合题意。3A.changed BcontinuedCdropped Dwent解析：选B。考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“like t
7、hat，he would find a new home in hospital”可知，医生的意思为：如果他继续这样拼命下去，他会生病住院的。故选B，意为“继续”。A项意为“改变”；C项意为“落下，投下，放弃”；D项意为“走，去”，均不符合题意。4A.sound BwayCsense Dmessage解析：选D。考查名词辨析。根据下文内容可知， Semler听从了医生的建议，不再那么拼命工作了。故选D，get the message是常用短语，意为“领会，明白，受到启发”。5A.walked BtalkedCworked Dtreated解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据上文和下句“In fact
8、，he changed the ways his _ worked，too.”可知，Semler改变了他自己的工作方式。故选C。6A.family BworkersCfriends Dchildren解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据下一段第一句中“He let his workers take more _”可知，他也改变了员工们的工作方式。故选B。7A.responsibility BmoneyCpower Dexpectation解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong
9、”可知，此处应指他让员工们承担起更多的责任，这样如果事情出了差错，他们自己会操心。故选A。8A.persuaded BforcedCforbade Dallowed解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据上一句中的“He let his workers take more.”可知，此处所填词的意思相当于上句中的“let”。故选D，意为“允许”。A项意为“说服”；B项意为“强迫”；C项意为“禁止”，均不符合题意。9A.decide BwantCunderstand Dtry解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“.them to set their own salaries”可推知，此处应指Semler让
10、员工自己决定工作时间。所填词与“set”意思一致。故选A。10A.unnecessary BunpopularCstupid Ddifficult解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。根据本句中“he cut all the jobs that he thought were _，like receptionists and secretaries”并结合常识可知，他取消的工作岗位应该是不必要的。故选A，意为“不必要的”。B项意为“不流行的，不受人欢迎的”；C项意为“愚蠢的，笨的”；D项意为“困难的”，均不符合题意。11A.above all Binstead ofCapart from Dexcept
11、 for解析：选B。考查介词短语辨析。根据空格处与下句“so bosses cant.”之间构成的因果关系可知，此处指用植物代替办公室的墙，这样老板就不会与其他人隔离开。故选B，意为“代替，而不是”。A项意为“首先，尤其是”；C项意为“除外”；D项意为“除外”，强调排除与自身相矛盾之处，均与题意不符。12A.put BgetCshut Dtake解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，用植物来取代墙的目的是老板不能把自己和员工隔离开。故选C，shut away为固定搭配，意为“隔离”。13A.willing BfreeCtired Deager解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“as t
12、hey want”可知，员工们可以自由装饰自己的工作场所。故选B，意为“自由的”。A项意为“自愿的”；C项意为“疲惫的”；D项意为“渴望的，热切的”，均不符合题意。14A.develop BgrowChappen Dwork解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，本句句意：这听起来很完美，但这样有效果吗？故选D，意为“起作用，奏效”。15A.eyes BnumbersCpersons Ddollars解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“from $35 million to $212 million. from eight hundred employees to 3,000”可知，此处强
13、调用数字来证明。故选B。16A.grown BdroppedCbeaten Dmade解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据空格后的数字对比可知，公司的收入增加了。故选A。17A.straight BslowChard Dseldom解析：选C。考查副词辨析。根据上文可知，由于Semler调整了策略，公司的收入增加了，由此可推知，大家更加努力工作。故选C。A项意为“直接地”；B项意为“慢慢地”；D项意为“很少，不常”，均不符合题意。18A.perfect BwrongCwell Dlate解析：选C。考查词义辨析。根据“peer pressure”可知，在这种环境下，如果有人不好好工作，其他人也不允许
14、这种情况继续下去。故选C，意为“出色地”。19A.trouble BsituationCpressure Dsuffering解析：选B。考查名词辨析。此处指“有人不好好工作”这种情况。故选B，意为“情况，局面”。A项意为“麻烦”；C项意为“压力”；D项意为“苦难，痛苦”，均不符合题意。20A.children BteenagersCprofessors Dadults解析：选D。考查名词辨析。根据上文中“Ricardo treats his workers like adults”可知，Semler按照对待成年人的方式对待员工，他期望员工能够像负责任的成年人那样去工作。故选D。B(2015辽
15、宁阜新二模)It is a timeproven fact that smile is a language.It is a universal language _1_ by the people of every nation，and the commonest way to show our _2_ will perfectly without saying anything.One day I was shopping in a small town in California.It was my misfortune to be _3_ by a clerk who seemed m
16、ost _4_ and not at all concerned about my intended _5_.I bought nothing，and walked _6_ out of the store.My anger _7_ with each step.Outside，standing at the corner，was a young man in his early twenties.His expressive eyes met and held mine，and in the next instant a beautiful，amazing _8_ covered his f
17、ace.I gave in _9_.The power of that shining smile _10_ away all my anger，and I found the muscles in my own face happily _11_.“Beautiful day，isnt it？”I said. Then，suddenly something inside me sent me turning back.“I really owe you a _12_，”I said softly.His smile deepened.But he made no _13_ to answer
18、.A Mexican woman nearby stepped _14_ and said，“Carlos cant speak English，”she volunteered.“Shall I tell him something？”At that moment I felt changed.Carlos smile had made a big person of me.“Yes，”my _15_ was enthusiastic and sincere.“Tell him Thank you！” “Thank you？”The woman seemed slightly _16_.“J
19、ust tell him that，”I insisted.“Surely，hell understand.”What a smile！Although I have _17_ seen that young man again，Ill never forget the _18_ he taught me.From then on，I became smileconscious.I practice it _19_，anywhere and everywhere，with everybody.This action on my part would always draw a goodnatu
20、red smile _20_.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一次不愉快的购物经历让“我”很愤怒，走出商场后，“我”遇到一位对“我”微笑的男子，他的微笑让“我”怒气全消，“我”由衷感激他的微笑。由此“我”领悟到，微笑是全世界通用的语言，它可以表达我们的善意。1A.learned BknownCunderstood Ddone解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据常识可知，世界各国的人们虽然语言不通但是他们都能理解微笑的含义，因此微笑是一种世界各国人们都明白的全球化语言。A项意为“学会”；B项意为“知道”；C项意为“理解，明白”；D项意为“做”。故答案选C。2A.warm BgoodCcold Dfr
21、esh解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据常识可知，微笑表达的是善意，故此处应为“ our good will”，意为“我们的善意”。A项意为“温暖的”；B项意为“美好的”；C项意为“冷酷的”；D项意为“新鲜的”。故答案选B。3A.treated BentertainedCgreeted Dserved解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据上一句中“I was shopping”可知，“我”在购物，空格后面是“by a clerk”，由此可知，此处应指店员为“我”提供服务，因此用serve，意为“服务”。A项意为“对待，款待”；B项意为“热情款待”；C项意为“问候”，均不符合题意。故答案选D。4A.ama
22、zed BwarmheartedCunfriendly Dconfused解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的内容“and not at all concerned about.”，再结合上文中的“misfortune”可知，此处应指这个店员很不友好。A项意为“惊讶的”；B项意为“热心肠的”；C项意为“不友好的”；D项意为“迷惑的”。故答案选C。5A.purchase BquestionCthings Dcomplaint解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，“我”在商场购物，故此处应用“purchase”，指这个店员一点也不关心“我”想买什么东西。A项意为“购买”；B项意为“问题”；C
23、项意为“事情”；D项意为“抱怨”。故答案选A。6A.quietly BangrilyCsuddenly Drecently解析：选B。考查副词辨析。根据下一句中的“My anger”可知，本句句意：我什么都没有买，很生气地走出商店。A项意为“悄悄地”；B项意为“生气地”；C项意为“突然地”；D项意为“近来”。故答案选B。7A.grew BchangedCdisappeared Dwent解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“with each step”可知，此处指“我越走越生气，越想越生气”。因此此处应用“grow”来表示“愤怒在增强”。B项意为“改变”；C项意为“消失”；D项意为“去，变
24、得”，可表示变化，后接形容词，均不符合语境。故答案选A。8A.expression BlookCfeeling Dsmile解析：选D。考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“The power of that shining smile”和“His smile deepened”可知，此处应指当“我们”目光相遇时，他给了“我”一个美丽迷人的微笑。故答案选D。9A.proudly BhappilyCimmediately Dluckily解析：选C。考查副词辨析。此处指“看到他迷人的微笑，我立刻就被折服了”。A项意为“骄傲地”；B项意为“幸福地”；C项意为“立即”；D项意为“幸运地”。故答案选C。10A.
25、threw BwentCput Ddrove解析：选D。考查动词(短语)辨析。根据上一句中“I gave in”和下一分句中的“happily”可知，他的微笑赶走了“我”所有的愤怒。throw away意为“扔掉，浪费”；go away意为“消失，离开”；put away意为“收起来，放好”；drive away意为“驱逐，赶走”。故答案选D。11A.flying BsatisfyingCresponding Dsinging解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意：他灿烂的微笑赶走了我所有的愤怒，我发现自己脸上的肌肉在快乐地回应。此处指“我”被他的微笑折服，并不由自主地向他做出回应。A项意为“飞”；B
26、项意为“使满意”；C项意为“回应”；D项意为“唱歌”。故答案选C。12A.gratitude BdebtCsmile Dchance解析：选A。考查名词辨析。owe sb. sth.意为“欠某人某物”。根据下文中的“Tell him Thank you！”可知，此处应指作者认为那个年轻男子赶走了自己的愤怒，自己应该感谢他。A项意为“感激之情，感谢”；B项意为“债务”；C项意为“微笑”；D项意为“机会”。故答案选A。13A.idea BattemptCmind Denergy解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据下文“Carlos cant speak English”可知，他不懂英语，不知道“我”说的
27、是什么，所以没有打算回答。句意：他的笑意更浓了，但是并没有打算回答我。短语make an attempt to do sth.意为“企图干某事，想干某事”，符合语境。故答案选B。14A.forward BbackwardCupward Ddownward解析：选A。考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“volunteered”可知，附近的一个墨西哥女士主动走上前来提供帮助。A项意为“向前”；B项意为“向后”；C项意为“向上”；D项意为“向下”。故答案选A。15A.speech BattitudeCreply Dquestion解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据墨西哥女士的问话“Shall I tell hi
28、m something？”可知，空格前的“Yes”应是“我”的回答。A项意为“演讲，讲话”；B项意为“态度”；C项意为“应答，答复”；D项意为“问题”。故答案选C。16A.worried BupsetCdelighted Dpuzzled解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。根据墨西哥女士的疑问“Thank you？”可知，她对“我”要她帮忙转述“谢谢你”感到很困惑。A项意为“担心的，焦虑的”；B项意为“心烦意乱的”；C项意为“高兴的”；D项意为“困惑的”。故答案选D。17A.yet BneverCthough Dstill解析：选B。考查副词辨析。根据空格前的“Although”可知，逗号前后分句之间
29、为转折关系；由此结合后一分句中的“never”可知，本句句意应：尽管我再也没有见过那个年轻人A项意为“还，尚，仍然”；B项意为“从未，从来没有”；C项意为“尽管，而”；D项意为“仍然”。故答案选B。18A.action BlessonCword Dsong解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据上文内容可知，此处应指那个年轻人给“我”上了一课，“我”从他那里学到了东西。teach sb. a lesson意为“给某人一个教训，给某人上了一课”，符合语境。A项意为“行动”；C项意为“话语，单词”；D项意为“歌”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。19A.diligently BaimlesslyCrandomly
30、 Dhurriedly解析：选A。考查副词辨析。从那以后“我”就有意识地学着微笑。根据语境“anywhere and everywhere，with everybody”可知，此处应指“我”勤练微笑。A项意为“勤奋地”；B项意为“漫无目的地”；C项意为“随意地”；D项意为“匆忙地”。故答案选A。20A.in charge Bin reliefCin favor Din return解析：选D。考查介词短语辨析。“我”的这种行为总是会吸引别人也对“我”回以善意的微笑。此处指在“我”看来，别人对“我”微笑是对“我”向他们微笑的回报。A项意为“主管，负责”；B项意为“如释重负”；C项意为“支持”；D
31、项意为“作为回报”。故答案选D。C(2015贵州贵阳一模)Communication is an important part of any relationship. Many of us are _1_ to share our experiences or emotions with our friends. But when its our turn to lend a(n) _2_， we soon become bored or are short of ideas on how to _3_ and offer advice.Thats because of what resea
32、rchers call “listener burnout (精疲力竭)”. A friend might talk to us _4_， often complaining about the same _5_ problems. When we offer quick advice to _6_ the situation, we may be unconsciously trying to _7_ ourselves from burnout. However, good listeners _8_ their natural tendency to solve the others p
33、roblems hurriedly and to keep the conversation brief. To be a good _9_， you need to use “active listening”. It starts with the real _10_ to help others and think through their feelings. Dont _11_ things. You can start by putting your phone _12_ and sitting close to your friend. Let your facial expre
34、ssions _13_ what he or she is saying. _14_ you are able to fully understand, acknowledge the other persons _15_ by reflecting them back: “That must be really hard for you.” Use _16_ words or even sounds such as “yes”“right”， and “hmm” to _17_ the other person to continue. Of course, a _18_ can be ex
35、tremely hard if the other person is too critical. But dont get defensive. Effective listeners dont _19_ negative criticism. Instead, they listen and understand what the person is trying to convey _20_ responding.【解题导语】交流在人际关系中起着重要的作用，许多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的经历或情感，但是如何做一个善听者呢？文章对这个问题进行了说明。1A.afraid BhesitantCs
36、hy Deager解析：选D。我们许多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的经历或感情。be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”。2A.shoulder Bhand Cear Deye解析：选C。lend an ear为固定短语，意思为“倾听”。3A.respond Bexplain Cargue Dquit解析：选A。根据“and offer advice”可知，我们对如何做出反应(respond)和提供建议没有了主意。4A.aimlessly Bendlessly Cdeliberately Dcautiously解析：选B。由下文的“经常抱怨同样老生常谈的问题”可知，这里应该是无休止地(e
37、ndlessly)对我们谈这些。5A.difficult BoldCacute Dsensitive解析：选B。参见上题解析。6A.fix BdiscussCcreate Ddescribe解析：选A。由“offer quick advice”可知，应选fix，表示“解决”。7A.forgive BprotectCdiscourage Dprevent解析：选B。protect sb./sth. from sth.表示“保护某人/某事免于某事”，符合语境。8A.follow BdisplayCform Dovercome解析：选D。然而，好的倾听者会克服(overcome)他们的自然倾向来迅速
38、解决他人的问题。9A.reader BpartnerClistener Dspeaker解析：选C。由下文的“active listening”可知，做一个好的倾听者(listener)需要积极地倾听他人诉说。10A.demand BhabitCdesire Dability解析：选C。开始时要有真的要帮助别人的渴望(desire)，并认真考虑他们的感情。11A.skip BrushCoverlook Dpostpone解析：选B。rush things表示“仓促做事”，符合语境。12A.away BoffCout Dup解析：选A。这里表示把你的手机收起来(putting your phon
39、e away)，紧紧地坐在你朋友身边。13A.record BrestrictCreflect Dreplace解析：选C。由下文的“by reflecting them back”可知，这里表示让你的面部表情对你朋友所说的话做出反应。14A.Whether BSinceCWhile DIf解析：选A。作为一个倾听者不管你是否(whether)能够完全理解对方，你都要对对方的感情(feelings)做出回应。15A.suggestions Bpurposes Cresponses Dfeelings解析：选D。参见上题解析。16A.big BtoughCstrong Dshort解析：选D。由
40、下文的yes, right和hmm可知，要用简短的(short)语言来鼓励(encourage)他人继续说下去。17A.force B remindCencourage Dconvince解析：选C。参见上题解析。18A.conversation Bsuggestion Cproblem Dlecture解析：选A。由语境可知，这里说的是谈话(conversation)很难进行下去。19A.give up Bmake up Cleave out Dblock out解析：选D。善听者不会抹去负面批评，相反，他们会在做出反应之前倾听并且明白这个人试图传达的意思。block out“不去想，抹去”。20A.after BbeforeCwhile Donce解析：选B。参见上题解析。