1、一、语基必备知识 (一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1folk adj. 民间的2ballet n. 芭蕾舞3album n. 唱片；相册；集邮册4anger n. 气愤，愤怒5male adj. 男性的6female adj. 女性的7carriage n. 马车8mask n. 面具，面罩9pianist n. 钢琴家，钢琴演奏者10musician n. 音乐家11worldwide adv. 全世界地12root n. 根13beauty n. 美；美貌；美人14skip vi. 跳，蹦.核心词汇写其形1extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的2unclear adj.
2、 不清楚的3award n. 奖，奖品4system n. 系统5audience n. 听众；观众6throughout prep. 贯穿，遍及7instrument n. 乐器；工具8treasure n. 财宝；财富9represent vt. 代表10quit vt.& vi. 停止；辞职11rediscover vt. 重新发现12generation n. 代，一代13type n. 类型，种类14unique adj. 独特的；唯一的.拓展词汇通其变1effect n. 效果，作用effective adj. 有效的，起作用的2disappoint vt. 使失望disappoi
3、ntment n. 失望disappointed adj. 失望的disappointing adj. 令人失望的3perform vt.& vi. 表演；做performance n. 表演；演奏performer n. 表演者4base n. 基地，基础basic adj. 基本的basically adv. 基本上，通常5extremely adv. 极端地，非常地extreme adj. 极端的 n. 极端6creative adj. 有创造力的，创造性的create vt. 创造，创作creation n. 创造7impress vt. 使(人)印象深刻impression n. 印
4、象impressive adj. 令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的8combine vt. (使)结合，(使)联合combination n结合；联合9general n. 将军 adj. 一般的；总的，综合的generally adv. 通常地，一般地10talent n. 才干；天才talented adj. 有天赋的；有才能的11identity n. 身份；特性identify vt. 辨认；确认12transform vt. 转换，转化transformation n. 转换，转化13responsible adj. 有责任的，应负责任的responsibility n. 责任 14permi
5、ssion n. 允许，许可permit v. & n. 允许；许可证15immigrant adj.移民的，移居的immigration n移民1.后缀“ian”表示“从事职业的人”musician音乐家physician 内科医生electrician 电工comedian 喜剧演员magician 魔术师technician 技术员politician 政治家2.表示“程度”的副词集锦extremely极度地entirely完全地completely完全地；彻底地perfectly完美地3.“音乐”达人perform vt.演出；表演performance n. 演出；表演classic
6、al adj. 古典的compose vt.& vi. 作(曲)composer n. 创作者conduct vt. 指挥conductor n. (乐队等的)指挥album n. 专辑(二)重点短语记牢用活1be_used_to习惯于2come_out 出来；出版3at_the_end_of 在的尽头；在结束时4pick_up (用车)接某人；捡起5note_down/write_down 记下6play_a_part_in 在中起作用；在中扮演角色7in_other_words 换句话说8at_times 有时，不时9give_up 放弃10in_some_ways 在某些方面11be_d
7、ressed_in 穿着12back_and_forth 往返，来回13leave_out 省去，遗漏14not_at_all/not_a_bit 一点儿也不15refer_to 指的是；参考；查阅16fit_in_with 与合得来，适应1.“of结尾”短语聚会in terms of据；依照as a result of 由于；因为in favour of 赞成；支持on account of 由于；因为on behalf of 代表at the end of 在的尽头；在结束时2.way短语大观园on the way在路上in the way 阻挡in no way 决不in some wa
8、ys 在某些方面on the way out 即将被淘汰；即将过时in a way在某种程度上；不完全地3.由“back and forth”想到的up and down 上上下下day and night 日日夜夜here and there 到处now and then 时而；不时then and there 当时当地by and large 总的来说 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：It is/was/has been时间段since.意为“自从以来已经多长时间”It_was Morissettes first performance in England since he
9、r song “Uninvited” won this years Grammy Award for the best rock song.这是自莫里塞特的歌曲Uninvited获得今年的格莱美最佳摇滚歌曲奖以来她在英国的首次演出。句型2：动名词短语作主语He also feels that playing_Chinese_folk_music_on_the_piano can help bring it to the rest of the world.他还觉得，用钢琴演奏中国民族音乐有助于使它走向世界。句型3：not.until.意为“直到才”His mother couldnt buy
10、him a piano until he was seven.直到7岁，他母亲才给他买了一架钢琴。句型4：This/That is why.为why 引导的表语从句，意为“这/那就是的原因”This_is_why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.这就是为什么他追根溯源，重新发现了中国民族音乐之美。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1The school has a system(系统) of rewards and punishments to encour
11、age good behaviour.2(2019全国卷)At the base(基地) is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants.3Look! The audience(观众) are dressed in a variety of clothes, some in suits, and some in jeans.4The man quarreled with his boss about the pay and quitted(放弃) the jo
12、b.5Between the two generations(代), it is often not their age, but their education that causes misunderstandings.6(2019北京卷)They are extremely important in the safe and effective(effect) running of our programmes.7(2018浙江卷6月)I was impressed(impress) to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They look
13、ed really cool.8(2017北京卷)TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing, bringing a unique combination(combine) of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.9(2019全国卷)A 90yearold has been awarded(award) “Woman Of The Year” for being Britains oldest fulltime employee
14、still working 40 hours a week.10(2018全国卷)Generally(general) speaking, your arrival shouldnt be later than the fixed time.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1From the audiences disappointed expression，we could tell that the film was very disappointing and many people were disappointed at it.(disappoint)2The performance
15、 given by the excellent performer who often performed in public was a great success.(perform)3I should be responsible for the safety of the children. I will take responsibility for bringing them home.(responsible)4Beijing is such an impressive city that it often makes a deep impression on visitors a
16、nd its sights also never fail to impress foreign tourists.(impress)5He is a writer who has a creative mind and he often creates some lovely characters.Luckily, I have seen his latest creation(create).选词成篇fit in with; be used to; come out; at times; in other wordsIf you want to be a music star, you s
17、hould 1.be_used_to being in the public eye. 2.In_other_words,_youll become a focus wherever you go and your fans want to know when your new songs will e_out.4.At_times,_you dont 5.fit_in_with it.in some ways; leave out; be dressed in; give up; back and forth; refer toMr. Wang is our English teacher.
18、 He 6.is_dressed_in black today. 7.In_some_ways,_he is our friend as well as our teacher. He often walks 8.back_and_forth in the classroom while giving classes. If we 9.leave_out some letters when we spell words, he will correct our mistakes and remind us to 10.refer_to the dictionary after class. H
19、e tells us never to 11.give_up when we meet with difficulties in our study.完成句子1从你上次收到你女儿的信以来有多长时间了？How long is_it_since you heard from your daughter last time?2饭前洗手对我们的健康有好处。Washing_hands_before_meals is good for our health.3直到半夜回家他才意识到他被骗了。Not_until_he_got_back_at_midnight did he realize he was ta
20、ken in.4这就是为什么我们需要每一个人都花费精力并参与其中。This_is_why we need the energy and involvement of everyone. effectn结果；效果，效能；作用，影响基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects(effect) such as overweight and
21、heart disease.a.The new law will come into effect in 2022; surely it will have an effect on the industry of the country.bIt wont be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare every effort to do it.a.(2018全国卷)While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more ef
22、fective(effect) at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.b(2018北京卷)Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively(effect)能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Smoking is bad for your health, so youd better give it up.(高级表达)Smoking affects/has_a_bad_effect_on your health, so youd better give
23、it up. (1)have an effect on/upon 对有影响bring/carry/put.into effect 实施； 使生效come/go into effect 开始生效； 开始实施take effect 生效；开始实施in effect 实际上；有效(2)effective adj. 有效的 佳句背诵 Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees professional development.有利的政策正在有效地鼓励员工的职业发展。(2019江苏卷)名师点津 表示“实际上”的表达还有in fact,
24、in reality, in practice, actually, as a matter of fact等。词块助记cause and effect因果关系side effect 副作用take effective steps 采取有效措施 disappointvt.使失望基础练习单句语法填空Disappointed(disappoint) at her boyfriends action, the girl began to sob.To his disappointment(disappoint)，his good friend didnt come to attend his par
25、ty.(天津卷)The next day, we got a disappointing(disappoint) message that another buyer had offered a much higher price.能力提升一句多译他的同事们不支持他的建议，他感到很失望。He was_disappointed_that his colleagues werent for his suggestion.His colleagues werent for his suggestion, which_made_him_disappointedIt was_disappointing_
26、for_him_that his colleagues werent for his suggestion. (1)disappointed adj.(感到)失望的be disappointed at/by 因失望be disappointed with/in/that. 对失望be disappointed to do sth. 做某事而感到失望disappointing adj. 令人失望的(2)disappointment n.U失望；C令人失望的人或事to ones disappointmentto the disappointment of sb.使/令某人感到失望的是佳句背诵 Yo
27、ur behaviour has certainly disappointed us.你的行为的确令我们感到失望。 performv履行，执行；做；演出，表演，演奏；(机器) 运转；(人) 行动，表现基础练习单句语法填空a.Personally, performing(perform) an experiment calls for devotion and carefulness. b(安徽卷)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to_perform(perform) his duty.c
28、No matter how frequently performed(perform), the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.(2019江苏卷)The musician along with his band members has given ten performances(perform) in the last three months.能力提升完成句子/句式升级 (普通表达)The_performer_performed_very_well(这个表演者表演得很好) on the stage. H
29、er performance was popular with the audience.(高级表达)The_performer_performed_very_well_on_the_stage,_whose_performance_was_popular_with_the_audience.(非限制性定语从句) (1)performance n演出；履行；表现put on/give a performance 演出(2)performer n. 演出者；表演者佳句背诵 As a senior high student, everyone should perform well in scho
30、ol. 作为一名高中学生， 每个人在学校里都应该好好表现。词块助记 perform an operation进行手术perform ones duty/promise尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺perform a task执行任务perform magic tricks 表演魔术perform well in his exam 他在考试中考得好 awardn奖，奖品；奖金vt.授予，给予基础练习单句语法填空/对比填空(award; reward)Nelson Mandela received a special award for his contribution to the country
31、s independence.Yong Mei was awarded Chinas Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress.Its a great feeling finally getting rewarded for all our hard work.能力提升一句多译/句型转换校长给获奖者颁发了一枚金牌。The headmaster awarded_the_winner_a_gold_medalThe headmaster awarded_a_gold_medal_to_the_winnerHe made a great contribution t
32、o the company, so he was awarded a house.He was_awarded_a_house_for his great contribution to the company. (1)win/receive/get an award (for sth.)(因而)获奖(2)be awarded for. 因为获奖 名师点津 名词动词reward报酬、奖金或一些非金钱的报酬in reward for作为的报酬(1)给予报酬，指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏(2)reward sb.for (doing) sth.因而报答/奖励某人award奖品，奖金
33、与prize相似(1)授予，颁发(2)award sb.sth.for sth.award sth.to sb.for sth.因为某事而把授予某人 basevt.以为根据n基部；基地；基础 基础练习单句语法填空(2018北京卷)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is difficult. Youd better learn some basic(base) Chinese before you come. In my opinion, common hobbies are the basis(base) of
34、making friends. 能力提升句式升级(普通表达)The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.(高级表达)Based_on_trust，the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作状语)(高级表达)The restaurant，which_is_based_on_trust，is working all right.(定语从句) (1)base.on/upon.把建立在基础之上be based on/upon. 以为基础；依据(2)basic adj. 基本的；基
35、础的basis n. 基础；基本原则佳句背诵 Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesnt make a forest.” Our success is based on cooperating with others.常言道，“独木不成林。”我们的成功建立在与他人合作的基础上。 impress vt.使(人)印象深刻；使留下深刻印象；使铭记基础练习单句语法填空(2019江苏卷) After hearing Steves playing, Naomi was deeply impressed by/with his music.a.Impressed(im
36、press) with my performance, the interviewers gave me the highest mark in the job interview.b._Impressing(impress) the students deeply, Mr. Lis lesson attracts more and more students.(湖北卷)What was so impressive(impress) about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon barefoote
37、d. 能力提升一句多译(2019全国卷)我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。I am firmly convinced that you will_be_deeply_impressed_with this years music festival.(impressed)I do believe that this years music festival will_surely_leave_a_deep_impression_on you.(impression) (1)impress sb.(with sth.)(某事)给某人留下印象impress (sth.) on/upon sb.
38、 使某人铭记某事be impressed by/with. 为所打动；对有印象(2)impression n. 印象make/leave a(n) .impression on sb. 给某人留下的印象(3)impressive adj. 让人印象深刻的；感人的佳句背诵 The famous West Lake always leaves a deep impression on visitors. I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it. 著名的西湖总是给游客留下深刻的印象，我第一次参观它时就被它的
39、美深深地打动了。 combinev结合，联合；兼备，兼顾基础练习单句语法填空a.(福建卷)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, combining(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”b(福建卷)In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.I cant agree more. Its great to have the two combined(combine)Seve
40、ral factors combined to_harm(harm) our friendship, which made me very upset.能力提升一句多译他与朋友们合伙做生意。Combining_with_his_friends,_he carried on the business.(combine，分词作状语)He carried on the business in_combination_with_his_friends(combination) (1)combine.with/and.将与结合在一起combine to do sth. 联合起来干某事；合起来促成某事(2
41、)combination n. 联合；结合in combination with 与联合起来佳句背诵 A balanced diet can be better for our health when combined with regular exercise.均衡的饮食与经常锻炼相结合对我们的健康会更好。名师点津 动词AwithB：compare A with Bconnect A with Bmix A with B load A with Bfill A with B cover A with B representvt.代表；象征；描绘；声称；说明；传达基础练习单句语法填空She r
42、epresents her mother as the kindest mother in the world.In the afternoon, you together with some of our student representatives(represent) are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there.能力提升一句多译(2019全国卷)我非常高兴代表我们学校，告诉你们有关即将到来的排球比赛的一些事宜。Representing_our_school,_Im glad to te
43、ll you something about the coming volleyball game.On_behalf_of_our_school,_Im glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.代表(2)represent.as/to be.宣称为；把描绘成(3)represent sth. to sb.向某人说明或传达某事(4)representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 佳句背诵 Last but not least, I feel it a great honour to repr
44、esent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.最后但同样重要的是，我觉得代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛非常荣幸。 generaln将军adj.一般的；大体的；笼统的基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)While high school does not generally(general) encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration.In general, body languag
45、e is as important as spoken language.能力提升一句多译一般来说，短的句子大多数人更容易理解。As_a_general_rule,_shorter sentences are easier to understand for most people.Generally_speaking,_shorter sentences are easier to understand for most people.In_general,_shorter sentences are easier to understand for most people. (1)in g
46、eneral(generally)大体上，通常；一般地as a general rule 一般而言，通常(2)generally adv. 基本上；通常generally speaking 大体来说 佳句背诵 His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone in particular.他的发言是泛指一般情况，不是针对某一个人的。Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.一
47、般来说，美式英语和英式英语在发音和拼写方面不同。 transformvi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换基础练习单句语法填空The company has been transformed from a family business into one with 5，000 workforce.The past ten years has witnessed a complete transformation(transform) of my hometown.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Your generous help and tender care turned my first A
48、merican trip into an unforgettable memory.(高级表达)Your generous help and tender care transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable memory. (1)transform.into.把变成transform sb./sth.from.把某人/物从中转变(2)transformation n. 改变，变革 佳句背诵 Im fully aware that its the experience from my life abroad that has
49、 totally transformed me.我充分意识到， 是在国外的生活经历完全改变了我。 be used to习惯于基础练习单句语法填空I am used to working(work) out at six oclock in the morning.The power of flowing water can be used to_produce(produce) electricity.He is used to getting(get) up early and he can enjoy the fresh air in the morning.My father used
50、to smoke(smoke) a lot, but now he has given it up.The old house is used to hold(hold) some old machines and tables.become/get/be used/accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事used to do sth. 过去常常做某事佳句背诵 Ive lived in Paris for six years now, so Im quite used to the traffic there.我已经
51、住在巴黎六年了，所以对当地的交通非常熟悉。 pick up卷起；拾起；拿起；接收(信号)；(偶然)学会；收拾；(用车)接(人)；好转；恢复；买到 一词多义写出下列句中pick up的含义(2018浙江卷6月)Uncle Paul, my dads friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos. (用车)接(人)(福建卷)She picked up Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. (偶然)学会The eq
52、uipment picked up the signal from the satellite.接收(信号)My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.恢复；好转The twin sisters were shopping for hours on Womens Day and managed to pick up bags of bargains. 买到pick out选出；辨别出 佳句背诵 The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many
53、people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know.自动语音电话的问题已经变得非常严重，以至于许多人现在拒绝接听他们不知道的电话。(2019北京卷)It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly pick out my friend.电影院是如此的黑以至于我没有认出我的朋友。(四川卷) in other words换句话说，也就是说基础练习单句语法填空(浙江卷) In other words(word), gossip is satisfying because it g
54、ives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感)(朗文辞典)Could I have a word with you after the meeting?能力提升完成句子Word_came_that(有消息传来) China plans to build the first space station in 2022.He has_broken_his_word(食言) for so many times that I wont trust him any more.in a/one word简言之，总之keep/break o
55、nes word 遵守/违背诺言have a word with sb. 与某人交谈have words with sb. 与某人吵架word comes/came that. 有消息传来 佳句背诵 They asked him to leavein other words he was fired.他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。名师点津 word作“诺言”讲，常用单数形式；作“消息”讲，是不可数名词，且通常不与冠词连用。 at times有时，不时能力提升完成句子有时我需要做放松的活动来消磨时间。At_times I need to do relaxing activities to
56、kill time.银行的这位职员让我一直把包带在身上。The clerk in the bank asked me to keep my bag with me at_all_times你可以完成你想要做的任何事，但你不能同时完成所有的事。You can do anything you want, but not everything at_the_same_timeat a time一次，每次at one time 曾经，一度at all times 总是，始终at any time 随时，任何时候at no time 决不(位于句首，句子倒装)at the same time 同时 in
57、 some ways在某些方面能力提升完成句子就某些方面而言，这是个不错的主意，但由于代价太高，它行不通。In_a/one_way，its quite a good idea，but the high cost makes it impossible.那把椅子挡着道。请把它搬开。That chair is in_the_wayMove it please.in a/one way在某种程度上in any way 无论如何，在任何情况下in the/ones way 挡道，碍事in no way 决不(位于句首，句子倒装)in many ways 在很多方面 It is/was/has been
58、时间段since.意为“自从以来已经多长时间”(教材P22)It was Morissettes first performance in England since her song “Uninvited” won this years Grammy Award for the best rock song.这是自莫里塞特的歌曲Uninvited获得今年的格莱美最佳摇滚歌曲奖以来她在英国的首次演出。基础练习单句语法填空Its a long time since I saw you last time.Yes, and what a pity it is now that it will be
59、 a long time before we see each other again.a.(四川卷)Its been a month since I came(come) to this new school and I really want to share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.bIt was several years since he had_returned(return) to his hometown.能力提升完成句子他昨晚回来的时候是十一点。It_was_11_oclock_when h
60、e came back last night.他是昨晚十一点回来的。It_was_at_11_oclock_that he came back last night. (1)“It be一段时间since .”句型，意为“自从以来已有多长时间了”。主句若用现在时，since从句用一般过去时；主句若用过去时，则从句用过去完成时。(2)“Itbe一段时间before从句”，表示“多久之后才”。 (3)“Itbe时间点when从句(时间状语从句)”表示“做某事是在某时”。 (4)“Itbe介词时间点/段或地点that.”是强调句型。佳句背诵 Its ten years since the scien
61、tist set out on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical.自从那位科学家开始去为发现这一有价值的化学物质而工作，至今已经10年了。 not.until.意为“直到才”(教材P26)His mother couldnt buy him a piano until he was seven.直到7岁，他母亲才给他买了一架钢琴。基础练习单句语法填空a.(2018天津卷)Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend so that they get sweet enough t
62、o be eaten.b(天津卷)Its difficult for us to learn a lesson in life until weve actually had that lesson.(江苏卷)Not until recently did(do) they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas. 能力提升句式升级(普通表达)I didnt pursue my career as an actress until I finished my studies.(高级表达)N
63、ot_until_I_finished_my_studies_did_I_pursue_my_career_as_an_actress.(倒装句式)(高级表达)It_was_not_until_I_finished_my_studies_that_I_pursued_my_career_as_an_actress.(强调句式) (1)not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即：“Not until从句did/does主语其他成分”意为“直到才”(until后面的从句不倒装)。 (2)not.until/till.意为“直到才”该句型中主句的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，强调主句所表示的动作
64、或情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生。(3)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词通常为延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。(4)not until.的强调句型：It is/was not until.that. 佳句背诵 Not until he had failed in the job interview did he realize how important confidence was.直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。 This/That is why.为why引导的表语从句，意为“这/那就是的原因”(教材
65、P26)This is why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.这就是为什么他追根溯源，重新发现了中国民族音乐之美。基础练习单句语法填空(全国卷)However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.He didnt attend the meeting.Thats because he had an urgent thing to deal with.能力
66、提升完成句子(2018全国卷)我们选择这部电影的原因是，它代表了我们亲爱的学校的发展。The_reason_why_we_choose_this_movie_is_that it represents the development of our beloved school. (1)this/that is because .这/那是因为(2)this is the reason why. 这就是的原因(3)the reason why.is that. 的原因是(why引导定语从句) 佳句背诵 I have a good command of English and am easy to
67、get along with. Thats why Im writing to apply for the job.我英语很好，很容易相处。这就是我写信申请这份工作的原因。(2018浙江卷6月) 维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1Among sales representatives(represent) for a large American car manufacturer，those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales.2Without the teachers permission(permit
68、)，no one is to enter the library.3What was Jeffs reaction(react) when you told him about the job?4(2018北京卷)Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry(anger)5(2018江苏卷)It is generally(general) considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she
69、wants.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1Using computers has a beneficial effect on childrens learning.2When I went to the bookshop yesterday, I picked out two of the books which I needed most.3(2018浙江卷6月)This is why there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it.4The applicants all tri
70、ed to make a good impression on the boss.5In general, I am quite hard working, responsible, capable, and outgoing.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1(浙江卷)She was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile.On a daily basis, she reminded me that life goes on.基础；根据2(2019江苏卷)With their patience
71、and efforts，they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction.联合；结合3The machine is performing poorly, which means there must be something wrong with it.运转4He was awarded the first prize in the speech competition, which made his parents very proud.授予5You should
72、 make full preparations for the job interview if you want to leave a good impression on the judges.印象6As is known to us，Huawei has been transformed from a family business into an advanced firm.转变提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Like most exchange students, Mary 1.was(be) not used to the li
73、fe in America when she first arrived there. In other 2.words(word), she could not fit in 3.with the fast pace of life there. She was laughed at by her new classmates at 4.times(time), because her English was poor. So she began to refer 5.to a lot of books and practiced speaking English every day. Sh
74、e walked in her room back and forth, 6.reading(read) English patiently. She also worked hard at other subjects so as 7.to_get(get) great grades, which left a good 8.impression(impress) on all of her teachers. At last, she wrote a book about her experiences, which became a bestseller as soon as it 9.
75、came(come) out. Now, she knows 10.for sure what she really wants and what she will be.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)刘先生是一位著名音乐家，他因为出色的表演而获得了很多奖。Mr.Liu is a famous musician and he has_won_a_lot_of_awards_for_his_outstanding_performances每次举行音乐会，观众总被他优美的歌声迷住。Every_time_the_concert_is
76、_held,_the audience are_impressed_by his brilliant singing.他的作品对年轻的歌手产生了很大的影响。His works have_a_great_effect_on young singers.他对年轻的歌手很负责任，他们从他那里学到了很多东西。He is_very_responsible_for the young singers, who have learned_a_lot_from_him刘先生在中国音乐的发展中起着重要作用。Mr.Liu is playing_an_important_part in the developmen
77、t of Chinese music.2升级平淡句用非限制性定语从句升级句Mr.Liu_is_a_famous_musician,_who_has_won_a_lot_of_awards_for_his_outstanding_performances.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：at the same time)_One possible version：Mr.Liu is a famous musician, who has won a lot of awards for his outstanding performances. Every time the concert
78、 is held, the audience are impressed by his brilliant singing. At the same time, his works have a great effect on young singers.He is very responsible for the young singers, who have learned a lot from him. Mr.Liu is playing an important part in the development of Chinese music.课时练12篇阅读1篇完形1篇应用文写作.阅
79、读理解A(2020泉州高三质检)Jamey Turner often performs to large crowds in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. You can find him playing an unusual musical instrument, the glass harp(竖琴), near Alexandrias historic waterfront.A glass harp is made up of differentsized drinking glasses, each containing water. Turner mak
80、es music by running his fingers over the tops of the glasses. By doing so, each glass makes a different musical sound.Turner is 78 years old now. He became interested in playing the glass harp at the age of six, when he heard his father playing with a glass of water at the dinner table. He has been
81、playing it for 50 years.Today Turner puts together his instrument by placing 60 different glasses on a wooden soundboard. He holds the glasses in place with rubber bands, which keeps them from breaking. He then adds different amounts of water to each one to create different musical notes. Adding or
82、taking away just a little water will change the sound. Adding water to a glass will make a lower sound. The smaller bowls of water produce a higher sound, while the larger ones produce a lower, deeper sound.Turner always uses lowpriced glass because it sounds better than costly crystal(水晶) and he ha
83、s more control over the sound. Before buying new glasses, he will test them in stores.The glass harp was popular 300 years ago when composers like Wolfgang Mozart wrote music for the instrument. There have been about 400 pieces of music written just for the glass harp. But Turner plays all kinds of
84、music, even popular music from China. Few people play the glass harp these days, but Turner says he sees videos of people experimenting with the instrument on the Internet. He hopes the next generation will continue making their music.【解题导语】杰米特纳经常在弗吉尼亚州亚历山大人群密集的地方演奏玻璃竖琴：敲击不同大小的盛水的玻璃杯，发出动听的乐声。他不仅能演奏玻
85、璃竖琴专门乐曲，还能用它演奏中国流行音乐。1What do we know about Turner?AHe began playing the glass harp at six.BHe often teaches glass harp lessons online.CHe is a great master of the Chinese language.DHe was inspired by his father to learn the glass harp.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“He became interested in playing the glass har
86、p at the age of six, when he heard his father playing with a glass of water at the dinner table.”可知，在六岁时，杰米特纳听到父亲在餐桌上用一玻璃杯水演奏音乐，开始对玻璃竖琴产生兴趣。据此可知，D项正确。2What does the author say about the glass harp?AIts inventor is Wolfgang Mozart.BIt is made up of glasses of the same size.CIt appears to be gaining i
87、n popularity today.DIts sounds are affected by the amount of water in the glasses.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句“He then adds different amounts of water to each one to create different musical notes. Adding or taking away just a little water will change the sound.”可知，杯子中的水量不同，产生的音调也不同；添加或去掉少量水就会改变声音。据此可知，玻璃竖琴
88、的声音受杯子中水量的影响，故D项正确。3Why does Turner prefer to use cheap glass?ATo save money.BTo produce better sounds.CTo help recycle drinking glasses.DTo increase difficulty in performing.B解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Turner always uses lowpriced glass because it sounds better than costly crystal(水晶) and he has more contro
89、l over the sound.”可知，特纳总是使用低价玻璃杯是因为其声音听起来比昂贵的水晶杯好听，故B项正确。4What would be the best title for the text?AA Musician Pleases Crowds by Playing the Glass HarpBPlaying the Glass Harp: a New TrendCJamey Turners Dream Coming TrueDWonderful Music Has No BordersA解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“Jamey Turner often performs to la
90、rge crowds in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. You can find him playing an unusual musical instrument, the glass harp(竖琴), near Alexandrias historic waterfront.”并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位音乐家为人群演奏玻璃竖琴的故事。故A项最适合作本文标题。B(2020商丘高三模拟)Kendrick Lamar hasnt had much luck when it comes to winning a Grammy. But thats
91、 OK：The US rapper has just won a Pulitzer Prize for his music.In 2014, in 2016, and again in 2018, Lamar was nominated(提名) for an album of the year Grammy. Each time, he was beaten out, first by Taylor Swift, next by Daft Punk, and most recently by Bruno Mars.But the Pulitzer Prize committee was ins
92、pired enough by Lamars 2017 album, Damn., to award the Pulitzer Prize in music on April 16. Its an amazing album that documents the real life of modern AfricanAmericans in South Los Angeles with wildly accomplished beats and rhythms.Lamars win is considered to be historical. The Pulitzers have long
93、displayed their preference towards high art rather than the pop culture of the masses. So its not just that no rapper has ever won a Pulitzer: no pop music maker has ever won one in the awards history.But Lamar is not just a singerhes clever at using language. Like the best writers, his music descri
94、bes small moments that illustrate larger points. His songs are about his experience as a black man who grew up in California, struggled, got into trouble, and found his way out by working hard and making sense of the history and reality in the US.“Hes an artist who challenges ideas，” said Ryan Coogl
95、er, director of the blockbuster(大片) Black Panther, for which Lamar created music. “One big theme in our film is this idea of What does it mean to be African？ Lamar in his music is very exactly and directly challenging that question.”Good artists entertain us, great artists make us think, and excepti
96、onal artists help us empathize(产生共鸣)There are a lot of good, great, even exceptional artists in rock, pop, country, and hiphop. But only Lamar has won a Pulitzer Prize.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。美国说唱歌手Kendrick Lamar以说唱歌手的身份获得了普利策奖。5What is Lamars album Damn. about?AAfricanAmericanshistory and culture.BHardships
97、 of the AfricanAmerican artists.CThe ways the US government deal with problems.DThe lives of modern black people in South Los Angeles.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Its an amazing album that documents the real life of modern AfricanAmericans in South Los Angeles with wildly accomplished beats and rhythms.”可知，Lam
98、ar的这张专辑主要讲述的是生活在洛杉矶南部的当代美籍非洲人的真实生活。故选D。6Why is Lamars Pulitzer Prize win significant?AHe is the first filmmaker to win the prize.BIt is considered a milestone for pop music.CHe is the first black person to win the prize.DHe has missed Grammy several times before.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Lamars win is
99、considered to be historical.”和“no pop music maker has ever won one in the awards history”可推知，Lamar获得普利策奖具有重大意义。故选B。7What can we learn from Ryan Cooglers words?ALamar drew inspiration from his own experience.BLamar has the courage to take on big challenges in life.CBlack Panther is well known because
100、 of Lamars music.DLamars music matches the theme of Black Panther well.D解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中Ryan Coogler说的话“One big theme in our film is this idea of What does it mean to be African？ Lamar in his music is very exactly and directly challenging that question.”可知，Lamar的音乐与电影Black Panther主题相一致。故选D。.完形填空(2020
101、合肥高三调研)It was New Year time. We were travelling in a van(小型货车) _1_ toys to the homeless. When we _2_ the spot, something caught my eye. Something or someone was moving in the rubbish. Soon I _3_ that it was the home of a poor family. There were two _4_， both about my age at the time, and a lady I su
102、pposed to be their mother. They sat there _5_As a little girl myself I was _6_ interested in the little girl. How _7_ our lives were. She lived for the day, _8_ through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach. I on the other hand was well looked after and never had to worry about _9_. I had a
103、good education and thus a _10_ future. I looked at the little girl. The only _11_ she had was the wornout dress that she was wearing.Seeing this little girl I made the decision to _12_ a doll that had belonged to me for a while. When the van came to a _13_， I stepped out, called the girl over and _1
104、4_ the doll in her hand. Af first she looked at me with _15_ and wasnt certain what to do, but then she smiled and I saw _16_ in her eyes. I went back into the vehicle and we started to _17_ off, and thats when we realized the little girl was running _18_. We stopped again and opened the door. The g
105、irl had _19_ with us. She looked directly at me and said two _20_ words “Thank You”【解题导语】“我们”在新年期间，开车去为无家可归的人分发玩具：“我”远远地看见了一位小女孩，她靠在垃圾堆里寻找食物为生；于是“我”走过去，将刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给了她，然后就离开了；“我们”发现那位女孩在追“我们”，于是停下了车，她向“我”说了句“谢谢”。1A.showingBrecommendingCdistributing DsellingC解析：根据下文“我”送给小女孩玩具娃娃可知，“我们”在新年期间给无家可归的人分发玩具。
106、故选C。A项意为“展示”；B项意为“推荐”；C项意为“分发”；D项意为“出售”。2A.left BchangedCchose DapproachedD解析：根据上文“我们”在新年期间去给无家可归的人分发玩具，可推知此处指当“我们”接近目的地的时候，有东西引起“我”的注意。故选D。3A.guaranteed BrealizedCdecided DacceptedB解析：根据空后的“it was the home of a poor family”并结合语境可知，“我”很快意识到那是一户贫困人家的家。故选B。A项意为“保证”；B项意为“意识到”；C项意为“决定”；D项意为“接受”。4A.boys
107、BchildrenCdrivers DadultsB解析：根据下文中的“As a little girl myself”可知，当时那里有两个和“我”的年龄差不多的孩子，还有一位女士，可能是他们的母亲。故选B。5A.happily BangrilyChopefully DhelplesslyD解析：根据下文中的“_ through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach”和“the wornout dress”可推知，他们无助地坐在垃圾旁边。故选D。6A.still BlessCespecially DprobablyC解析：根据语境可知，作为
108、一个小女孩，“我”尤其对那个小女孩感兴趣。故选C。7A.similar BdifferentCdifficult DordinaryB解析：根据下文中的“She lived for the day.to fill her stomach” “I on the other hand was well looked after.a _ future.”可知，“我们”的生活差别很大。故选B。8A.searching BgettingCrunning DbreakingA解析：根据上文中的“Something or someone was moving in the rubbish.”可推知，当时那个
109、小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找东西以填饱自己的肚子。故选A。9A.food BsafetyChealth DtransportA解析：根据上文可知，那个小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找食物，而“我”却得到了很好的照顾，从来不用担心食物。故选A。10A.doubtful BdistantCpromising DforeseeableC解析：根据该空前的“I had a good education”可知，“我”接受了良好的教育，也有一个有前途的未来。故选C。A项意为“怀疑的”；B项意为“遥远的”；C项意为“有前途的”；D项意为“可预知的”。11A.present BdecorationCrequirement Dpo
110、ssessionD解析：根据上文内容并结合语境可推知，那位小女孩仅有的财产就是她身上穿的那件破旧的裙子。故选D。A项意为“礼物”；B项意为“装饰”；C项意为“要求”；D项意为“财产”。12A.give away Bgive backChand out Dhand inA解析：根据下文中的“I stepped out.the doll in her hand”可推知，看到这个小女孩，“我”决定把刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给她。故选A。A项意为“赠送”；B项意为“归还”；C项意为“分发”；D项意为“提交”。13A.station BstopCstreet DsignalB解析：根据上文可知，“我”决定把
111、刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给那个小女孩，所以当车一停下来(stop)，“我”立刻下车，叫那个小女孩过来，然后将玩具娃娃放(placed)在她的手里。14A.tore BplacedCdropped DthrewB解析：参见上题解析。15A.anger BpainCsurprise DdisappointmentC解析：根据空后的“and wasnt certain what to do”和语境可推知，刚开始那个小女孩惊讶地看着“我”。故选C。16A.hope BlonelinessCanxiety DastonishmentA解析：根据上文，他们绝望地坐在垃圾堆旁边，并结合语境可推知，“我”将玩具娃
112、娃放在她手里，她对“我”微笑，“我”从小女孩的眼中看到了希望。故选A。A项意为“希望”；B项意为“孤独”；C项意为“焦虑”；D项意为“震惊”。17A.walk BgetClift DdriveD解析：根据下文中的“We stopped again”可知，“我”回到车上，“我们”开始准备离开(drive off)，那时“我们”才意识到，那位小女孩正在后面(behind)追赶“我们”。18A.behind BawayCout DinA解析：参见上题解析。19A.got along Bcome alongCcaught up Dturned upC解析：根据上文中的“We stopped again
113、 and opened the door.”可知，小女孩追上了“我们”。故选C。get along with “与相处”；come along with “和在一起”；catch up with “追上，赶上”。20A.final BnewCkey DsimpleD解析：根据语境可知，小女孩直视着“我”，说了两个简单的词“Thank You”。故选D。.应用文写作假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友James对中国传统节日端午节特别感兴趣。请按照以下要点给对方写一封邮件，介绍该节日：1节日时间；2节日由来和意义；3节日活动。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear James
114、，_Yours，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear_James，Hearing that you show great interest in Dragon Boat Festival, Im writing to share some basic facts about it with you.The festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth Chinese lunar month. It is meant to memorize Qu Yuana great poet in ancient Chinaand pro
115、mote his cultural spirit and patriotism. On this day, people get together to eat zongzi and watch dragon boat racing, cheering for their favourite teams. Its also a time when people have a rest for a while and have fun with family.Hopefully you can come and experience it personally.Yours，Li_Hua课时练22
116、篇阅读1篇七选五1篇语法填空.阅读理解A(2020佛山高三质检)A study of 500，000 songs released(发行) in the UK between 1985 and 2015 showed that pop music had decreased in happiness and increased in sadness.In a report published in the journal Royal Society Open Science, researchers at the University of California examined hundre
117、ds of thousands of songs and classified them by their mood. “Happiness is going down, sadness is going up, and at the same time, the songs are becoming more danceable and more partylike，” coauthor Natalia LKomarova told The Associated Press.The study found songs in 2014 like Stay with Me by Sam Smit
118、h, Whispers by Passenger and Unmissable by Gorgon City have a “low happiness” trend. However, tracks from 1984 like Glory Days by Bruce Springsteen, Would I Lie to You? by Eurythmics and Freedom by Wham! had a “high happiness” trend. “The public seems to prefer happier songs, even though more and mo
119、re unhappy songs are being released each year，” the researchers wrote.Apart from the emotional trends, researchers discovered that dances and pop were the most successful styles of music and that there was a “clear downward” trend, with the popularity of rock beginning in the early 2000s. “So it loo
120、ks like, while the overall mood is becoming less happy, people seem to want to forget it all and dance，” Komarova wrote in an email.It was also found that the “maleness” of songsthe frequency of male singers in popular musichad decreased during the last 30 years. “Successful songs are characterised
121、by a larger percentage of female artists compared to all songs，” they wrote.This discovery appears at a time when the conversation around sex equality in the music industry is at its height, with more male artists and songwriters.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了流行音乐表达的情绪的变化趋势。1The researchers examined lots of s
122、ongs to _Afind songs for dances and partiesBchoose songs for a journalCrelease more songsDknow better about songsD解析：推理判断题。本文第二段介绍了加州大学的研究者们调查了成千上万的歌曲并把它们按情绪分类，紧接着得出歌曲分类的结果，可见他们调查歌曲的目的是想对歌曲有更多的了解，故选D。A、C两项曲解文意；B项无中生有。2Whose music style tends to bring you more happiness?ANatalia LKomarovas.BSam Smith
123、s.CGorgon Citys.DBruce Springsteens.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, tracks from 1984 like Glory Days by Bruce Springsteen.had a high happiness trend.”可知D项正确。Natalia LKomarova为报道的合著者，而非歌手；Sam Smith、Gorgon City所演唱的歌曲有让人开心感降低的趋势，故排除。3What do we know about songs over the past three decades?ARock became popul
124、ar in the early 2000s.BFewer unhappy songs came to light every year.CMale singers were better at performing pop music.DFemale artists were less skilled in writing songs.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“with the popularity of rock beginning in the early 2000s”可知，摇滚乐在21世纪初开始流行，故A项正确。其余三个选项的内容均与文意不符。4What can be a su
125、itable title for the text?APop Music Is Getting SadderBMusic Calls for Sex EqualityCPop Music Has a Long HistoryDMusic Industry Is Going DownA解析：标题归纳题。根据本文首段总述及后续段落的描述可知，全文重点介绍了流行音乐正变得越来越伤感，故选A项。B项仅是本文中提到的一个细节；C项不是本文的重点；D项扩大外延，属过度概括，故排除。B(2020马鞍山高三模拟)Pangolins(穿山甲) are strangelooking creatures, cove
126、red with hard scales(鳞). They can roll up into a ball to protect themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies.Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people. A screenshot of a microblog post showing some people eating pangolins at a feast spread. A few days
127、later, people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals, including pangolins.Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg. Many more pangolins have been hunted or killed. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN), more than 1 million of them have b
128、een killed or sold in the last 10 years. It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world. In September 2016, the IUCN added the pangolin to the worlds “endangered animals list”. They are now more endangered than pandas.A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main re
129、ason for their decline in number. Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious. Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities. However, their scales are made of keratin(角蛋白), the same material human fingernails are made of.Luckily, the situation is getting bette
130、r. World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year. Its a day to help people know more about pangolins. The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China. Breaking this law is regarded as a crime, and the trade of pangolins across the world is also not allow
131、ed, according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了穿山甲濒临灭绝的现状，以及为保护穿山甲而采取的举措。5Pangolins have caught peoples attention these years because _Athey look strangeBthey appear in some moviesCthey are killed and eaten by peopleDthey have something to
132、do with pandasC解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“attention”和“these years”，我们把答案定位在第二段。该段开头说，穿山甲近来成为中国人关注的焦点，然后提到一张屏幕截图和一些图片里，穿山甲成为人们的盘中珍馐，这与C项的描述是一致的。6What can we learn from the passage?APangolins can roll up into a ball to attack enemies.BMore than 1 million pangolins were killed or sold last year.CPangolins were
133、 named the most endangered animal in 2016.DThe pangolin is a kind of mammals.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world”可知，穿山甲是一种哺乳动物，故选D。7The real aim of World Pangolin Day may be to _Aattract people to the zoo to watch pangolinsBlift peoples awareness of protecti
134、ng pangolinsCremind people of pangolins medical valueDexplain the law to peopleB解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“World Pangolin Day”，我们把答案定位在最后一段。该段主要陈述了为保护穿山甲而采取的举措，而这个节日能让人们更多地了解穿山甲，从而提高人们保护穿山甲的意识，故选B。8What might be the authors attitude towards the measures taken to protect pangolins?APositive. BNegative.CDisappoi
135、nted. DUnconcerned.A解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，中国政府禁止任何人购买和食用穿山甲，世界各地也禁止买卖穿山甲，局面正在好转，由此可推知作者觉得这些措施是有效的，故选A。.七选五(2020安阳诊断)Many people struggle with saying “No”. 1._ Remember, just because you can do something that does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to turn down an invitation or
136、 refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say “No”. Here are some specific tips.Give yourself permission to say no. Many people have an immediate reaction to say “Yes” when theyre asked to do someone a favor. Keep in mind, you are never required to say “Yes”. Its actually okay to say “No” some
137、times. Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone. 2._Set up your personal boundaries.3._ However, that reason does not have to be concrete. Many people think if they can do something, they should. Your reason for saying “No” can be a simple matter of your own personal boundaries. Think about
138、 what boundaries you have, and accept the fact youre allowed to stay true to them.4_ People often wont take “No” for an answer. If you say “No” to people, they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind. Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.Practice saying “No”.
139、It may sound silly, but you can actually practice saying “No” alone. 5._ Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words. Many people are nervous about saying “No” and may say “Yes” due to anxiety. Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety.AThis will help you s
140、ay “No” with ease.BBe aware of potential persuasion techniques.CFind a good chance to stand in front of a crowd.DIts always easier to say “No” if you have a reason.ETry standing before a mirror and looking at yourself.FIts rather easy for you to set up your personal boundaries.GIf someone asks you a
141、 favor, you may feel you have to say “Yes” .【解题导语】我们可以通过设定边界、不断训练等方式，勇敢地向他人说“不”。1G解析：根据前一句的内容可知，很多人总是苦苦挣扎，不敢说“不”。由此可推知，如果总是这样的话，当别人要请你帮忙的时候，你可能会感到你不得不说“可以”。故选G。2A解析：本段讲述的是要允许自己拒绝别人。很多人会不自觉地接受他人的请求，但是你并不是一定要对他人说“可以”，这是你的权利。记住这一点，将帮助你轻而易举地拒绝别人。故选A。3D解析：根据空后一句“However, that reason does not have to be c
142、oncrete.”可知，D项“如果你有一个理由的话，说不总是比较容易的”符合语境，故选D。4B解析：空后三句讲述的是，人们通常不会接受“不”的，他们会找种种理由劝你改变主意，因此我们要坚持自己的决定，不要轻易屈服。由此可推知，我们要知道他人的劝说技巧。故选B。5E解析：本段讲述的是要训练自己说“不”。该空前一句提到训练说“不”可能听起来很愚蠢，但实际上你可以独自去训练自己说“不”。由此可知E项“试着站在镜子前，看着自己”符合语境，衔接上下文。.语法填空(2020北京海淀区名校联考)Chinas space program has become the first 1._(land) a spa
143、cecraft on the socalled dark side of the moon. The landing on Thursday brought the country closer to its goal of becoming a space power.Change 4 sent a picture taken at 11：40 in the morning back to Earth. It shows small craters and 2._empty surface that appears to be 3._(light) by a light from the l
144、unar explorer.The name Change comes from a subject of Chinese mythology that many Chinese believe 4._(live) on the moon for thousands of years.The landing is an example of Chinas 5._(grow) desire to compete with the American, Russian and European space 6._(program). China also wants to strengthen 7.
145、_(it) position.Hou Xiyun is a professor at Nanjing Universitys school of astronomy and space science. He told The Associated Press, “8._ the whole, Chinas space technology still falls behind the West, but with the landing on the far side of the moon, we have raced to the front.”He added that China p
146、lans to explore Mars, Jupiter and asteroids(小行星) in the future. “Theres no doubt 9._ our nation will go farther and farther，” he said.In 2013, Change 3 made the first moon landing since the former Soviet Unions Luna 24 in 1976. The United States is the only country that has 10._(success) sent a pers
147、on to the moon. But China is considering a crewed mission, as well.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述“嫦娥四号”登陆月球背面介绍了中国的太空探索发展状况。1to land解析：考查非谓语动词。the first to do sth.第一个做某事。故填to land。2an解析：考查冠词。surface是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且empty的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。3lit/lighted解析：考查动词的语态。根据空后的介词“by”并结合语境可知，此处是被动结构，即“bedone”的形式，
148、故填lit/lighted。4has lived解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，指代a subject，在从句中作主语，故此处应用第三人称单数形式；且根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，本句应用现在完成时，故填has lived。5growing解析：考查形容词。growing 是形容词，意为“增长的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词desire。6programs解析：考查名词的单复数。program是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用复数形式，故填programs。7its解析：考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词position。8On解析：考查介词。on the whole是固定搭配，意为“大体上”，符合语境，故填On。9that解析：考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定用法there is no doubt that，意为“毫无疑问”，故填that。10successfully解析：考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故填副词successfully修饰其后的动词sent，在句子中作状语。