1、2015届高考英语二轮专题训练：阅读理解4ALiving organisms must feed so that they can grow and remain healthy，including the biggest organisms on Earth，plants.They need to feed but they do not feed in the same way as animals.They do not have a mouth or a digestive system and they do not move much to find or catch their
2、food.Plants are made of three things.Water is the most important part.Often more than 90% of the plant is made of water.If we dry a plant out by removing all of its water content，we can find out what is left over.Two things are found in the solid parts of plants：minerals and organic matter.We can se
3、parate these two parts if we burn the dried plant until only the ashes are left.If we analyze these ashes we find that they are made of the minerals that the plant needs to grow.The part that burns away is called organic matter.It is true that plants need a lot of water to stay healthy and plants ar
4、e mostly made of water.A pumpkin，for example，is 94% water.If we do not water plants they will wilt and eventually they will die.Most of the water we give to a plant does not stay in its body.The water passes through the plant and evaporates(蒸发)into the air.Plants absorb most of their water through t
5、heir roots.The roots of a plant can be very extensive(广泛的)，as much as 50 kilometers of roots can be found in one square meter of soil.A single wheat plant has a total of 70 km of roots!From the roots the water travels up the stem in very thin pipe，then moves towards the leaves.The water travelling t
6、hrough a plant with the things that the plant needs to grow is the blood of the plant.Eventually the water arrives in the leaf where it escapes into the air.本文讲述了水对植物的重要性。1From the first paragraph，we can know_.Aplants can only move a littleBplants do not need to feedCplants can not get minerals by t
7、hemselvesDplants are the most developed organisms on Earth解析：细节理解题。根据第一段They do not have a mouth or a digestive system and they do not move much to find or catch their food可知，植物不能移动很多去寻找或是捕食它们的食物，即可以移动一点点。答案：A2What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?AWhat organic matter is.BWater is very im
8、portant to a plant.CWhy minerals exist in a plant.DWhat a plant is made of.解析：段落大意题。第二段主要介绍了植物的三种成分：水、矿物质和有机物。答案：D3What does the underlined word“wilt”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?ABe cut off. BBe broken.CDry out. DTurn red.解析：词义猜测题。根据上文It is true that plants need a lot of water to stay healthy and p
9、lants are mostly made of water可知，植物需要很多的水来保持健康，植物主要由水组成。再根据If we do not water plants they will.and eventually they will die可知，没有水，植物将会枯萎，最终死亡。由此可推知，画线词含义为“枯萎，干枯”。答案：CBAnacondaThis South American creature appears in films or your nightmares.They have weighed over 230 kilograms.It is often regarded as
10、 the biggest snake in the world.It is clearly a totally different brand of snake type as it coils(缠绕)all over its target，increasing the pressure until eventually its victim dies.Its jaws are powered by muscle tissue that produces enough power for its more than 100 sharp teeth to pass through the thi
11、ck skin of a crocodile.They dont have poison.Sometimes they prefer to camouflage themselves so that they look like their surroundings and swiftly draw back when someone approaches.Poisonous FrogThe Golden Poison Frog is protected by means of a strong poison.This very small frog，less than 55 mm in le
12、ngth，has enough poison to take down a couple of African Bull Elephants.This frog has been known to be a killer of men and women whove touched it.It is also confirmed that dogs have died by contacting a tissue on which a Golden Poison Frog had wandered！While the Golden Poison Frog might be the most h
13、armful South American animal，it also has poison frog neighborhood friends.In intense colors，they absolutely look appealing to capture and touch，but humans should stay far away from them.PiranhaDespite the fact that only a small number of many kinds of piranhas are thought to be dangerous to humans，t
14、he redbellied piranha is one of those.The myths show that a large group of piranhas can absolutely eat a herd of large animals crossing the river，leaving only bones.Piranhas live in the freshwater streams of South America，and they can smell blood from far away and launch attacks swiftly.It is report
15、ed that they are only dangerous to human beings if the water of the river becomes less or they are short of food.Take good care，though，in entering the waters.The piranha in reality is one of the most dangerous animals.本文介绍了南美洲的三种最危险的动物。5What is special about the anaconda?AIt kills its victim quickly
16、 with its poison.BIt kills its victim with its strength.CIt kills its victim with its sharp teeth.DIt gets its victim trapped and frightens it.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段.it coils all over its target，increasing the pressure until eventually its victim dies可知，答案为B项。答案：B6The underlined word“camouflage”in Paragraph
17、 1 is the closest in meaning to“_”Amove about to find foodBeat all kinds of animalsCmake loud noise to threaten othersDhide itself by using the environment解析：词义猜测题。根据句中.so that they look like their surroundings and swiftly draw back.可推断，camouflage意为“伪装”，故答案为D项。答案：D7The author mentioned the death of
18、the dogs in Paragraph 2 to show that_.Athe poison of the Golden Poison Frog is deadlyBit had nothing to do with the Golden Poison FrogCno animals can survive the poison of the Golden Poison FrogDanimals should keep away from the Golden Poison FrogCAfter two decades of steady increases，obesity rates
19、in adults and children in the United States have remained largely unchanged during the past 12 years，a finding that suggests national efforts at promoting healthy eating and exercise are having little effect on the overweight. Over all,35.7 percent of the adult population and 16.9 percent of childre
20、n qualify as obese，according to data gathered by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and published online Tuesday.While its good news that the ranks of the obese in America are not growing，the data also point to the intractable nature of weight gain and signal that the country wil
21、l be dealing with the health consequences of obesity for years to come. “Were by no means through the epidemic(流行病)，”said Dr David Ludwig，director of the childhood obesity program at Childrens Hospital in Boston.“Children will be entering adulthood heavier than theyve ever been at any time in human
22、history.Even without further increases in prevalence(普及)，the impact of the epidemic will continue to mount for many years to come.”1During which period did obesity rates in the United States steadily increase?AFrom 1959 to 1979. BFrom 1969 to 1989.CFrom 1979 to 1999. DFrom 1989 to 2009.解析：推理判断题。根据第一
23、段After two decades of steady increases.remained largely unchanged during the past 12 years.和第四段.previous surveys collected in twoyear cycles beginning in 19992000可推断，答案为C项。答案：C2The underlined word“intractable”in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to“_”Afast to finish Bhard to manageCeasy to contr
24、ol Danxious to stop解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段.signal that the country will be dealing with the health consequences of obesity for years to come可推断，intractable意为“难对付的”，故答案为B项。答案：B3What do we know from David Ludwig?AMany children will become thin after growing up.BThe problem of obesity will become more serious i
25、n the future.CChildhood obesity is a longterm problem in America.DIt is not necessary to worry about the problem of obesity.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Even without furher increases in prevalence，the impact of the epidemic will continue to mount for many years to come可推断，答案为C项。答案：C4Which of the following groups h
26、as become obese in recent years according to the passage?ABlacks. BFemales.CWhites. DMales.解析：细节理解题。根据第五段For instance，men and boys have become fatter since 1999.可知，答案为D项。答案：DDA French woman has taught her dogs to play the piano.In a new YouTube video，the dogs sit side by side at an oversize keyboard
27、，perfectly pawing(用爪子扒)the keys in response to musical notes(音符)played by their owner，who accompanies them playing a flute.Its quite a unique skill.But what exactly is going on here？Charles Snowdon，a scientist at the University of WisconsinMadison who studies animalsresponses to music and is at the
28、top level in the study of how animals respond to“speciesspecific music”，said：“The dogs have been trained to do certain things after getting some signals given by their owner，which is different from memorization.She plays notes and my guess is what the dogs have done is learning the relationship betw
29、een the notes their owner is playing and where they are supposed to put their paws.So，the dogs most likely can play the correct notes not because they understand which notes sound right，but theyve been trained to respond to certain sounds of the flute by pressing certain keys on the piano.Or perhaps
30、 there are some secrets we cant see in the video.”“The trio(三重奏)sounds like a melody(旋律)to us，but the dogs probably dont know it.Its not clear whether they listen to it as music，”Snowdon told Lifes Little Mysteries.On the other hand，they might be.Most animals have very different vocal ranges(音域)Snow
31、don has worked with musicians to create pieces of music that are more familiar to specific animals.For example，theyve made some music for monkeys.The songs sound unpleasant to us，but they are music to monkeysears.According to Snowdon，vocal ranges of dogs happen to be quite similar to those of adult
32、male humans.“So，it is possible that they might be responsive to music in our vocal range，”he said.More research is needed to determine whether dogs really can appreciate human music，or if these stories of dogs are just humoring us.在一段视频中，一位法国妇女带着她的狗一起演奏，但专家认为狗是在人的暗示下弹琴，它是否懂得人的音乐需要研究才能确定。5How can the
33、 dogs play the music according to Snowdon?AThe dogs press the keys as they like.BThe dogs happen to paw the right keys.CThe dogs play most likely according to their owners signals.DThe dogs play the music by remembering the notes.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段The dogs have been trained to do certain things after ge
34、tting some signals given by their owner.可知，Snowdon说这些狗接受过训练，会根据主人所给的信号做出特定的事情。答案：C6Why does the music that monkeys like sound unpleasant to people?AThis kind of music needs to be further improved.BThe vocal ranges of monkeys are especially narrow.CThe vocal ranges of monkeys and human beings are different.DSome people dont like the style of the music for monkeys.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Most animals have very different vocal ranges可知大多数动物都有着不同的音域。可推知，人和猴子的音域可能是不同的，所以猴子喜欢的音乐却会让人类感到不舒服。答案：C w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
