1、专题八定语从句基础巩固.单句填空1.(2018河北五个一联盟二次联考)There are many good websitesyou can check out the latest in the science world.答案where句意:有许多好的网站,在上面你可以查阅科学界的最新内容。先行词为websites,将先行词代入定语从句后为:You can check out the latest in the science world on the websites.,由此可见先行词在定语从句中与介词on一起作地点状语,故填关系副词where。 2.(2018湖北宜昌葛洲坝中学月考)A
2、nother saying which has come from the fable is “God helps thosehelp themselves”. 答案who句意:来自那则寓言的另外一个格言是“天助自助者”。先行词是those,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Those help themselves.,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“人”,故填who。3.(2018福建厦门期末)Then Needham began his lifelong research,ended up creating the greatest workScience and Civilisati
3、on in China.答案which句意:后来Needham开始了他毕生的研究,该研究最终成就了那本巨著中国科学技术史。根据设空处前的逗号可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句;先行词为his lifelong research,将先行词代入定语从句后为:His lifelong research ended up creating the greatest workScience and Civilisation in China.,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“事物”,故填which。 4.(2018山东烟台期末)His interest started a few years a
4、go,he was in college and studying wildlife science.答案when句意:他的兴趣开始于几年前,当时他正在上大学研究野生动物科学。先行词为a few years ago,将先行词代入定语从句后为:He was in college and studying wildlife science a few years ago.,由此可知关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故填when。5.(2018河北百校联盟1月联考)There are perhaps 40 million competitive table tennis players and many
5、 ordinary peopleplay less seriously.答案who/that句意:有大约4,000万名竞技型乒乓球选手,另有许多普通人以休闲方式打乒乓球。先行词为many ordinary people,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Many ordinary people play less seriously.,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“人”,故填who或that。 6.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish an
6、d was spread over the garden, it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.答案where空前的garden是先行词,逗号之后为非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where作为引导词。7.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise. 答案whose句意:我隔壁住着一对夫妻,他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。先行词为a couple,将先行词代入定语从句后可知
7、关系词在定语从句中作定语,故答案为whose。8.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better. 答案when句意:我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,那时天气可能会更好。先行词为next week,将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故答案为when。9.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it differently.答案which句意:英语是一种被好几种
8、不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它的方式不同。设空处前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故后面部分应为定语从句,又因为先行词是cultures,且关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,所以填which。10.Students should involve themselves in community activitiesthey can gain experience for growth.答案where句意:学生应该参加社区活动,他们从中能获得成长经验。将先行词community activities代入定语从句后为:They can gain experience for
9、 growth from community activities.,由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。11.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,is quite unexpected.答案which句意:到目前为止,我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款50,000英镑,这非常出乎(我们的)意料。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以填which。12.We have launched another man-made satellite,is
10、 announced in todays newspaper.答案which句意:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这件事是在今天的报纸上宣布的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故用which引导。13.John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most ofare family members.答案whom句意:约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前,且先行词是“人”时,从句中关系代词应用whom。14.Happiness and success oft
11、en come to thoseare good at recognizing their own strengths.答案who句意:幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为those,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.,由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指“人”,故用who。本题易误填that。当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,ones,anyone,those,all,nobody等时,关系词用who不用that。.单句改错1.(2018山东日照一模)Its a black s
12、quare suitcase, what is just as big as a school bag. 答案whatwhich句意:那是一个黑色方形手提箱,恰好和书包一样大。本题考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为suitcase,指“物”,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故需将what改为which。2.(2018河南天一大联考)When I was 12, I met Mary. She came to China with her parents, whom taught English in a university. 答案whomwho句意:当我12岁时,我遇到了玛丽。她和她父母一起来到了中国
13、,她父母在一所大学教英语。本题考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为her parents;关系词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故将whom改为who。 3.I have an American friend, Marianne,she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky. 答案shewho句意:我有一位美国朋友Marianne,她独自生活却养了一条宠物狗Sparky。逗号不能连接两个句子,由此可见“she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky”应为定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故将she改为
14、who。4.Then a man came in with his son, whom wanted to buy ice cream, too. 答案whomwho句意:后来一个人带着他的儿子走了进来,他也想买冰激凌。“whom wanted to buy ice cream, too”为非限制性定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故用who而非whom。5.The only reason that a man would sell salt at a lower price would be that he was desperate for money. 答案第一个thatwhyreas
15、on为先行词,关系词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导定语从句。6.We went to the Lincoln Memorial yesterday, when, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors from all over the world. 答案whenwhichthe Lincoln Memorial为先行词,第一个逗号之后为分隔式定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which作为引导词,when应改为which。7.It is often the case with children, Amy was better by the
16、 time the doctor arrived. 答案ItAs先行词为逗号之后的内容,且关系词在从句中作主语,而定语从句位于句首时,只能用as引导。【知识拓展】as引导非限制性定语时,可位于句首、句中或句尾,常有“正如,正像”之意,其常用结构为:as anybody can see;as we know;as is well known;as often happens;as is reported;as is often the case;as is mentioned above;as has been pointed out等。8.Mr. White will come to the
17、party on Sunday,when he promised to every one of us. 答案whenwhich逗号前的内容为先行词,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,故用which。9.Tom tried to get out of the business,where he found impossible. 答案wherewhich先行词为逗号前的内容,关系词在从句中作found的宾语,故应用关系代词which引导定语从句,where应改为which。10.About 200 Chinese businessmen left for Europe yesterday, when they would sign a series of deals worth up to 15 billion U.S. dollars. 答案whenwhere考查分隔式定语从句。先行词为Europe,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故应用where。