1、小综合训练21(名师原创)对应学生用书P162.阅读理解British artist Amy Sharrocks collects nearly all kinds of water. In 2013 she set up the Museum of Water, a live piece of artwork that travels all over the world and invited people to donate waterfrom spit to melted snowin a bottle and discuss what it means to them.The pro
2、gram aims to understand why people treasure water and help prepare them for a drier future and climate，Ms. Sharrocks told an audience of climate experts, activists and museum curators(馆长)“For example, we show them how to have threeminute showers to better deal with water shortages，” she said.Amy is
3、not alone as a matter of fact. As world leaders increasingly face up to the serious results of climate change，curators are planning a new wave of museums, which are devoted to what many consider a vital issue of the times. In 2015, a former lawyer Miranda Massie created the first United States museu
4、m which was entirely devoted to climate change in New York City. “Climate change is affecting virtually every aspect of our lives，” Ms. Massie said. “But we cant fight the problem with topdown policies alone. We need the public to participate and museums are a way to open peoples mind to what matter
5、s.”Bridget McKenzie, director of Flow Associates, wanted to raise awareness of the dilemma of the Pacific island nations, which are particularly vulnerable(易受伤害的) to rising sea level. So with her team she set up a “ghost boat” made of old fish nets at the University of Cambridges Museum of Archaeolo
6、gy and Anthropology, and asked visitors what they would take with them if they were suddenly forced to leave their homes.While museums can be a powerful way of communicating the effects of climate change, they should also practice what they spread and control their own emissions (排放物). “Roughly half
7、 of cities emissions come from energy use in buildings，” said Elliot Goodger, a museums association representative of the West Midlands in Britain，“museums have a duty to be energy efficient, for example, by using laser lighting for displays or improving their building materials.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。世界各地
8、的许多博物馆想通过自己的展览来改变人们对气候变化的看法，为应对气候变化贡献一份自己的力量。1Why did Amy Sharrocks set up the Museum of Water?ATo help people get rid of water shortages.BTo collect some special water worldwide.CTo remind people to attach importance to water.DTo warn people of the danger of a drier future.解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“invited p
9、eople to donate water.discuss what it means to them”及第二段中的“The program aims to understand why people treasure water and help prepare them for a drier future and climate”可知，Amy Sharrocks创建水博物馆，邀请人们捐赠水并探讨它对他们的意义，该项目旨在了解人们为什么珍惜水并帮助他们为更加干燥的未来和气候做好准备。由此可推知，Amy Sharrocks创建水博物馆的目的是让人们认识到水的珍贵，提醒人们珍惜水。故选C。答案
10、C2What can we learn from Massies words in Paragraph 3?AFighting climate change demands joint efforts.BMore climate museums should be built in future.CClimate change is a matter of concern to the public.DPolicy responses to climate change need improving.解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But we cant fight the problem w
11、ith topdown policies alone.We need the public to participate and museums are a way to open peoples mind to what matters.”可知，应对气候变化问题单靠自上而下的政策是不行的，还需要公众的参与。由此可知，应对气候变化问题需要多方的共同努力。故选A。答案A3What can visitors learn when visiting the “ghost boat”？AWhat is valuable to people.BWhat causes sea level to rise.
12、CRising sea level puts peoples homes at risk.DThe Earths climate change endangers fishing.解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“which are particularly vulnerable(易受伤害的)to rising sea level”及“asked visitors what they would take with them if they were suddenly forced to leave their homes”可知，参观“幽灵船”的游客可以感受到海平面上升对人们家园造成的威胁。故选
13、C。答案C4What may Goodger advise climate museums to do?ATake the initiative.BLead by example.CChange their traditional functions.DAdd climate topics to their programs.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While museums can be a powerful way of.they should also practice what they spread and control their own emissions(排放物)”
14、及“museums have a duty to be energy efficient.materials”可知，Goodger认为博物馆应该践行他们所传播的东西，控制自己的排放物，有责任做好节能。由此可推知，Goodger可能建议博物馆应以身作则，起好带头作用。故选B。答案B.完形填空I spent two weeks working on an email to Joanna, the most powerful woman at McKinsey & Company. I _1_ my admiration for her and my expectation to work with
15、 her.When I first _2_， I didnt think I was good enough to get a job at McKinsey after graduation. After all, I was a sociology _3_， not a business one. I carried that _4_ with me as I interviewed and even as I _5_ the job.Despite this, I wanted moreworking with Joanna.Before I joined McKinsey, I _6_
16、 knew Joanna was someone I wanted to work with. Her interests were _7_ to the research I had done in school, so I knew my _8_ would be a great fit for Joannas leadership program at the firm. _9_， my desire was in direct conflict with my fear that I wasnt _10_ enough.I must have _11_ my email to Joan
17、na a million times. My request was _12_ : to have some involvement in her leadership program. I was _13_ she wouldnt reply, or worse, she would _14_ that I wasnt good enough. _15_，after several drafts, I took the plunge(决定奋力一搏) and hit “send”. Joanna _16_ within five minutes. I still remember shakin
18、g with _17_ as I answered her email, explaining my availability.Sending that email changed everything and gave me the _18_ to work for my role model. Her support on a personal level as well as within the firm finally _19_ my future and helped me to develop my _20_ I needed to become an entrepreneur
19、(企业家)【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在求职的时候，甚至在求职成功后都一直担心自己不够优秀。求职成功后，作者非常想跟公司高层一起工作，参与公司的领导计划，因此她给公司高层Joanna发了一封邮件，这改变了她的一生。这个故事告诉我们自信赢得人生。1A.sharedBexpressedCclaimedDdiscussed解析根据上下文推测，作者要求职肯定会表达(express)自己对对方的钦佩以及对与对方一起工作的期盼。答案B2A.wroteBgraduatedCworkedDapplied解析要找工作，首先要向对方提出申请(apply)，这是最基本的程序。答案D3A.majorBprofe
20、ssionalCperformerDdesigner解析根据上文的“after graduation”和本空后面的“not a business one”的暗示我们可以推测，此处表示作者在大学期间是社会学专业(major)的学生。答案A4A.imageBemailCthoughtDform解析在面试的时候，作者还带着那种想法(thought)自己不够优秀，不可能得到在McKinsey工作的机会。答案C5A.landedBfailedCchangedDchallenged解析即使在作者成功得到(land)了这份工作时，作者还带有这种想法。答案A6A.hardlyBalmostCreallyDal
21、ready解析根据常识可知，由于作者要在McKinsey找工作，因而她会对相关方面有所了解，也会对公司的关键人物进行了解。因此，在进入公司之前，她对Joanna就有所了解，已经(already)确定Joanna是自己想要一起工作的人。答案D7A.importantBrelatedCnewDcontrary解析作者了解到Joanna的兴趣与自己在大学期间的研究有关系(related)。答案B8A.diplomaBtalentCbackgroundDinterest解析因此作者知道自己的背景(background)与公司的关键人物Joanna的公司领导计划很符合。此处的background指的就是
22、上文作者大学期间做的研究跟Joanna的兴趣有关系这一事实。答案C9A.StillBInsteadCThereforeDBesides解析然而(Still)，到这个时候，作者依然担心自己不够优秀。答案A10A.dynamicBbrilliantCsensitiveDambitious解析根据上文内容我们可以看出作者一直都不是那么自信，认为自己不够优秀，由此我们可以推测，作者此时还是认为，自己不够优秀(brilliant)。答案B11A.evaluatedBcountedCsentDdrafted解析由于作者不自信，因而她在草拟(draft)邮件的时候，反复地修改。下文的“after sever
23、al drafts”也是暗示。答案D12A.simpleBabsurdCvagueDpure解析根据后面的信息我们可以看出，作者的要求是简单的(simple)：参与Joanna的公司领导计划。答案A13A.sureBworriedCastonishedDsad解析由于作者不自信，因而她会担心(worried)Joanna不会回复自己的邮件。答案B14A.recommendBjudgeCreplyDshow解析作者担心，更糟糕的是，对方会回复(reply)说自己不够优秀。答案C15A.ImmediatelyBInitiallyCNearlyDEventually解析根据短文的逻辑可知，作者最后发
24、出邮件是经过反复的思考才做出的举动，因而本空用eventually“最终”表示这是经过很大的决心才做出的举动。答案D16A.respondedBarrivedCrefusedDexplained解析根据下文“I answered her email”可推测，此处表示Joanna很快地回复(respond)了。答案A17A.congratulationBexcitementCadmirationDdisappointment解析由于事情的结果出乎作者的预料，因而作者在回邮件的时候激动(excitement)得浑身发抖。答案B18A.profitBcourageCopportunityDaid解析
25、根据下文的内容我们可以看出，作者发出这份邮件之后便得到了她所期望的机会(opportunity)为她的偶像工作。答案C19A.decidedBprotectedCcheckedDshaped解析Joanna的支持最后影响(shape)了作者的未来。答案D20A.enthusiasmBskillCconfidenceDsight解析Joanna的支持帮助作者培养了成为一位企业家所需要的自信(confidence)。答案C.语法填空A research team has found _1_ oldest example of bread in the world. While on a dig i
26、n a country in Western Asia, researchers from the universities in Cambridge, Copenhagen and London found 24 ancient breadcrumbs(面包屑)The breadcrumbs were burnt, _2_ is how they survived for so long. The researchers analyzed the breadcrumbs and found they were _3_ (rough) 14,400 years old. This _4_ (d
27、iscover) proved humans were making bread 4,000 years earlier than scientists thought. Researchers _5_ (date) the people who baked the bread at around 12,500 to 9,500 BC. They were prehistoric _6_ (hunt) and gatherers and lived thousands of years before humans settled down to become farmers.The leadi
28、ng researcher said raw materials of the breadcrumbs were from various grain plants and the bread took a long time to make. Ancient Jordanians began by _7_ (process) grains to get fine flour. They then mixed the flour with water. After that, they baked the mixture on a hot stone. The bread looked lik
29、e the flat pitta bread still _8_ (make)across the Middle East today. Another researcher said the bread could be one reason _9_ the agricultural revolution starting. Stone Age people realized it was _10_ (easy) and more convenient to farm the wheat for bread instead of collecting it from the wild.1_2
30、._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现了世界上最古老的面包，通过分析得知了它们的年代、原料和制作过程等。1the考查冠词。形容词最高级前应用定冠词the。2which考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，此处用which引导非限制性定语从句。which在句中指代前面的主句“The breadcrumbs were burnt”。3roughly考查副词。根据句子结构可知，此处用作状语，故用副词roughly“大约”。4discovery考查名词。根据空前的This和空后的谓语动词可知，此处应填名词。discovery“发现”。5
31、dated考查时态。根据上下文可知，此处date所表示的动作发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时。date用作动词，意为“推断的年代”。6hunters考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词作表语，且空处与后面的gatherers并列，故用hunters“猎人；狩猎者”。7processing考查非谓语动词。 by此处作介词，意为“通过(某种方式)”，故应用动名词作介词的宾语。8made考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作定语修饰“the flat pitta bread”，动词与所修饰的名词短语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。9for考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“面包可能是农业革命开始的一个原因”。the reason for.“的原因”。10easier考查形容词的比较级。根据句中的“and more convenient”可知，此处也应用形容词的比较级。