1、Unit 5The power of natureStep 1课前准备单元考点自查自测1.词汇分层级识记过关2.语境活用填写过关3.经典句式背诵仿写过关4.类词巧积累事半功倍(一)分门别类攻单词识形辨意拓展应用(二)写用结合记短语译写短语语境活用(三)仿写活用练句式经典句型仿写背诵Step 2课堂探究核心考点点点突破1.重点难点考点学通练透2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野3.方法规律技巧权威点拨4.面面俱到打创高效课堂第一时段Warming up & Reading1equipment n. U设备；装备教材原句.sometimes using scientific equipment and som
2、etimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored.有时(工作中)要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和旅游人士，我从来不感到(工作)无聊。(1)equip v. 配备；装备equip. with.be equipped with用装备equip sb. for. 使某人为而有准备/有能力equip sb. to do sth. 让某人具备做某事的能力(2)be well/badly equipped 设备精良的/较差的单句语法填空(2017全国卷)Unfortunately, you must carry the necessar
3、y _(equip) with you, since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes.The boys equipped themselves _ food and water and then set off.We must equip young teachers _(deal) with difficult children.答案equipmentwithto deal易错提醒equipment通常用作不可数名词；“一件设备”应表达为“a piece of equipment”。2appoint vt.约定；指定(时间
4、、地点等)；任命；委派教材原句I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.作为一名火山学家，二十年前我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。(1)appoint sb. as/to be. 任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointed adj. 约定的(3)appointment n. 任命；约定make an appointment with sb. 与某人做约定keep/break
5、 an appointment 守/违(爽)约单句语法填空I was appointed _(take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.I regret to tell you that I cant travel to Beijing together with you at the _(appoint) time.We made an _(appoint) that we could go there together again._(appoint) as monitor of the class, Li Ming
6、helped the headteacher to take charge of the whole class.答案to takeappointedappointmentAppointed3suit n. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜教材原句We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，带上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了双大靴子。(1)suit.to.使适合suit ones needs 适合需要be suite
7、d to/for 适合于(2)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的be suitable for 适合于be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事单句语法填空Firstly，because my spoken English is fluent，I think I am suitable _ this job.There are also varieties developed _(suit) specific local conditions.A good teacher suits his lessons _ the age of his pupils.The rest
8、aurant is _(suit) for a family gettogether.答案forto suittosuitable思维发散suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；而fit多指大小、形状的合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。4make ones way前往教材原句It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易
9、，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中心地区。fight ones way 奋力前进lose ones way 迷路feel ones way 摸索前进push ones way 挤出来wind ones way 蜿蜒前进完成句子So long as you work hard，you can _ in life.只要你努力工作，你的人生就会成功。She _ back to health so quickly after the accident that she was soon back at school.车祸之后，她很快恢复健康回学校上课了。I looked
10、up and noticed a snake _ up the tree to catch its breakfast.我向上看，注意到一条蛇沿着树蜿蜒前进，为了捕捉自己的早餐。答案make your wayfought her waywinding its way5独立主格结构教材原句The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.另外
11、两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。(1)句中this being my first experience为独立主格结构，作原因状语。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。_， students can find a parttime job to decrease the burden of their family.如果时间允许的话，学生们能找到兼职工作来减少家庭压力。(2)常见独立主格结构形式A：名词/代词现在分词/过去分词/不定式Much time _ sitt
12、ing at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.办公室人员由于花费大量的时间坐在桌旁，一般都会受到健康问题的困扰。Nobody _ us tomorrow, we cant finish our task ahead of time.明天没有人来帮忙，我们不可能提前完成任务。B：名词/代词形容词/副词/介词短语He left the office, _.他眼里含着泪水离开了办公室。_， the meeting had to be called off.那么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。_， they al
13、l went home.会议结束了，他们都回家了。答案Time permittingspentto helptears in eyesSo many people absentThe meeting overI often travel to unusual places and work alongside interesting people 1._ all over the world. Using scientific 2._(equipment) and collecting information about volcanoes is my job. Although my job
14、 is 3._(occasion) dangerous, I dont mind 4._ danger excites me and makes me feel alive. As is known, when lava from the volcano flows, many houses will 5._(cover) with lava or be burnt 6._the ground. However, my job helps scientists predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast, 7.
15、_can help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth. I once experienced the 8._(erupt) of Mount Kilauea and was lucky to have a close look at the 9._(absolute) fantastic sight. When it broke out, red lava was fountained hundreds of meters into the air. All the lava passin
16、g slowly down the mountain caused great damage and buried everything in 10._(it) path under the molten rock.答案1.from2.equipment3.occasionally4.because5.be covered6.to7.which8.eruption9.absolutely10.its第二时段Learning about Language & Using Language1anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的教材原句I was so anxious and couldnt mo
17、ve at first.起初我很焦虑，不敢动弹。(1)be anxious for/about为担心/担忧be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事be anxious that.(should)do sth. 希望(2)anxiety n忧虑；担心；渴望with anxietyanxiously 焦虑地单句语法填空The drought had lasted several months，which made farmers anxious _ the harvest.I was told the Learning Center provides help for student
18、s and Im anxious _(get) help from you.I heard you suffered from _(anxious) when you took an exam recently.Instead of blaming me, he asked me _(anxious) what was going on.句型转换We waited anxiously for the news of her safe arrival.We waited _ for the news of her safe arrival.答案for/aboutto getanxietyanxi
19、ouslywith anxiety2panic n. 惊慌；恐慌vi. & vt.(使)惊慌/恐慌教材原句I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。(1)in panic 惊慌失措地get into a panic 陷入恐慌(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人惊慌地做某事panic over/about/at 因而恐慌单句语法填空The protests became more violent and many landowners _(panic) into
20、 leaving the country.Not only do online rumors cause people _ panic, but they disturb public order.Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got _ a panic.The crowd panicked _ the sound of the gun.答案were panickedinintoat/over/about易错提醒panic的过去式及过去分词为panicked, panicked；现在分词是panicking。3
21、guarantee vt. 保证；担保n. 保证；担保；保修单教材原句If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, dont forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.如果你有幸同你所爱的人去游天池，别忘了许下一个愿望，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。(1)guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事guarantee sb. sth.gua
22、rantee sth. to sb.向某人保证某事(2)give sb. a guarantee that.向保证/承诺under guarantee 在保修期内(3)be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会/必定会做某事单句语法填空I guarantee _(pay) off his debts.Can you give me a guarantee _ the work will be finished on time?The shop said they would replace the television as long as it was still _ guar
23、antee.Going out with friends _(guarantee) to cheer you up, especially when you are in low spirits.This dictionary is an improvement and expansion from all existing dictionaries, _(guarantee) to be the best.The new leader promised senior citizens that the reforms would not cut their _(guarantee) bene
24、fits.答案to paythatunderis guaranteedguaranteedguaranteed4glance through匆匆看一遍经典例句He just glanced through the headlines because he was too busy to read the whole newspaper.他只是匆匆浏览了标题，因为他太忙了不能够读完整份报纸。go through 通过；经受；仔细检查get through 通过；做完；接通电话；熬过look through 快速查看；浏览see through 看穿；识破完成句子I have _ all my p
25、apers but I still cant find my notes.我翻遍了所有的文件，可还是找不到我的笔记。(2014湖北卷)Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I cant seem to _.我整晚都在给查尔斯打电话，但一定是网络出了问题，我似乎接不通。The police _ the three suitcases but didnt find anything valuable.警察仔细检查了三个行李箱，却没有发现任何有
26、价值的东西。答案looked throughget throughwent through5vary from. to. 由到不等教材原句The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2000多米不等，是多种稀有动植物的生长地。(1)vary in. 在(大小、形状等)上不同vary with 随变化；改变(2)various adj.
27、 各种各样的；多姿多彩的(3)variety n. 种种；多样化a variety of/varieties of 种种；各种各样的单句语法填空There are _ variety of animals and plants in the world. They vary _ shape and size and exist in many parts of the world. But for _(vary) reasons, some of them are dying out.The air pressure varies _ the height, and the water pre
28、ssure varies _ the depth.Every solid object will reflect a sound, _(vary) according to the size and nature of the object.Office hours vary _ company to company and country to country.答案a; in; variouswith; withvaringfrom6“Is is/was过去分词”句式教材原句It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for language
29、s and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。(1)It is said that.意为“据说”，相当于“People say that.”；it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。_ everybody has the same bad habit: the more we like someone, the more we will tease him or her.据说，每个人都有一个同样的坏毛病：越是喜欢谁，就越爱欺负谁。(2)该结构还可以转换成“Sb. is said
30、 to do.”结构。不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。The new mayor _ into power next month.据说新市长下个月将上任。(3)其他类似结构：It is thought that.大家认为It is believed that.人们相信It is hoped that.人们希望It is reported that.据报道It is wellknown that.众所周知It is generally considered that.大家认为It is supposed that.据推测_ advertising is often the most e
31、ffective method of promotion.众所周知，广告是最有效的促销方法。_ the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。答案It is said thatis said to comeIt is wellknown thatIt is hoped thatChangbaishan is at Jilin Province, it keeping at its natural state for visitors to enjoy. The height of the land varies
32、700 meters above sea level to over 2,000 meters. It is home for many plants and animals. Many people come here to study the unique plants and animals while others come to see the spectacular waterfalls. But, the most popular attraction in the reserve are Tianchi, or the Lake of Heaven. If you are lu
33、ck enough to visit it with your loving one, dont forget to make a wish guarantee your love will be as deeply and lasting as the lake itself.答案Changbaishan is Jilin Province, it keeping its natural state for visitors to enjoy. The height of the land varies 700 meters above sea level to over 2,000 met
34、ers. It is home many plants and animals. Many people come here to study the unique plants and animals while others come to see the spectacular waterfalls. ， the most popular attraction in the reserve Tianchi, or the Lake of Heaven. If you are enough to visit it with your one, dont forget to make a w
35、ish guarantee your love will be as and lasting as the lake itself.Step 3课后演练知识能力链接高考.单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)Wander among a _(vary) of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.答案variety2(2017全国卷)I would like to invite you to join, since you are good at table tennis,
36、 and you are the most _(suit) person.答案suitable3(2016浙江卷)Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do. However, a plan can bear no fruit without being _(actual) carried out.答案actually4Children normally feel a lot of _(anxious) about their first day at school.答案anxiety5The news that certain bra
37、nds of milk are poisonous _ (panic) the public.答案panicked6The murder was _ (shoot) in the leg by the policeman，lying on the ground.答案shot7To find a good job，I need to continue my education，_ (equip) myself with rich knowledge.答案equipping8It is widely acknowledged that students should _ (evaluate) in
38、 terms of overall quality.答案be evaluated9Children rarely show any _(appreciate) for what their parents do for them.答案appreciation10Its _(absolute) impossible to work with all this noise.答案absolutely.单句改错1The mother was standing at the gate，anxiously to see her son._答案anxiouslyanxious2They have been
39、appointed a new head teacher at the school already._答案去掉been3With all the houses being burnt to the ground，they had no place to live in._答案去掉being4To students，youd better choose the activities which interest you and suit for you._答案去掉for5Hearing the rumor，people were panicked of buying salt._答案ofint
40、o6After admiring the beautiful view，she made his way to the next destination._答案hisher7As far as I know，it is absolute impossible to finish it in five days._答案absoluteabsolutely8(2018北京卷改编)Generally speaking, if taking according to the directions, the drug has no side effect._答案takingtaken9Her feeli
41、ngs varied from joy and fear as she watched him fight._答案andto.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子1西安是个有很丰富世界著名文化遗迹的城市，有些遗迹可追溯到几千年以前。(date back to)Xian is a city with abundant worldfamous cultural relics，some of them _ thousands of years ago.答案dating back to2我正要放弃，这时父亲前来鼓励我继续下去。(be about to do. when.)I _ my father came
42、and encouraged me to keep going.答案was about to give up when3此外，著名的中国饮食能保证你有绝妙的机会品尝美味的中餐。(guarantee)In addition, the outstanding Chinese cooking _ tasting delicious Chinese food.答案can guarantee you a wonderful chance of4我们班的每个人都有机会被任命为任期一周的班长。(appoint)Everyone in my class has the chance _ for one wee
43、k.答案to be appointed monitor5据认为今天世界上有三千多种语言。(it作形式主语的主语从句)_ there are more than 3,000 languages in the world today.答案It is thought that6这是因为我们最终认识到它实际上是一种非常环保的生活方式。(because引导的表语从句)_ it is actually a very ecofriendly way to live.答案This is because we finally realized that高考题型分组训练阅读理解板块训练重细节，练速度(限时：35分
44、钟).阅读理解ACheck out our tsunami facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction. Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.The Japanese word for tsunami means h
45、arbor wave.Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal (受潮汐影响的) waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.As a tsunami approaches the shore(海岸), water may move b
46、ack from the coast. If it is shallow(浅的) enough the water may be pulled back hundreds of metres. If you are in the area, you can know that a tsunami is on the way when you see this phenomenon.Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time as possible
47、to move to a safe place.When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast) they slow down but increase in height.An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000 people in 12 countries.In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern
48、coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people.The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres in some areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，简要介绍了有关海啸的一些基本常识。1How many c
49、auses of tsunamis are mentioned in the text?AOne. BTwo.CThree. DFour.解析细节理解题。由第四段可知，海啸通常是由地震或火山爆发引起的。答案B2In the Tohoku earthquake over 15,000 people died mainly because of _.Athe earthquake itselfBthe lack of warning systemsCthe tsunami caused by the earthquakeDthe nuclear accidents caused by the ts
50、unami解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“.a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people.”可知，在2011年日本大地震中，海啸是造成超过15000人死亡的主要原因。故C项正确。答案C3The text is developed mainly by _.Alisting some factsBgiving some examplesCproviding some numbersDmaking some comparisons解析写作手法题。本文主要列举了一些关于海啸的基本常识和事实。故A项正确。答案AB
51、(2018厦门高三检测)A study by the British government has discovered the mental wellbeing of the countrys teenage girls has worsened.The survey, which included 30,000 14yearold students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005. British boys stress le
52、vel was actually seen to fall over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent. The reports authors pointed out the “appearance of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increasing stress among teenage British girls.“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical,
53、cognitive and emotional development，” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent adults. In the past, they would engage with parents, teachers and other adu
54、lts in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”Throughout adolescence, girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and selfcontrol. Since teenage brains have not completely developed
55、, teens dont have the cognitive awareness and impulse control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be circulated far and wide with disastrous implications.“Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance，” Ramsden said.“These site
56、s are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them creep into social standards.”“Social media allows girls to make comparisons among friends as well as celebrities and then provides them with solutions such a
57、s extreme dieting tips and workouts to reach their goals，” Ramsden said. “Concerns about body image can negatively impact their quality of life preventing them from having healthy relationships and taking up time that could be better spent developing other aspects of their personalities.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇
58、科普说明文。英国政府一项研究发现，英国女生的心理健康变得越来越糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的出现是英国女生心理压力加大的主要因素。4How does the survey tell us the negative impact of social media?ABy making experiments.BBy raising a question.CBy making comparisons.DBy analyzing causes and effects.解析写作手法题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段分析了社交媒体对女生的影响造成的结果：女生的心理压力比男生大，心理越来越不健康；第三到六段详细
59、说明了社交媒体对女生造成影响的表现、缘由。据此可知，本文是通过分析影响的起因和影响的结果来告诉我们社交媒体对女生产生的负面影响。故选D。答案D5What is Ramsdens attitude toward the images with fine body shape?ASupportive. BIndifferent.CCritical. DConcerned.解析观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Ramsden对关注身材是持批评态度的。故选C。答案C6According to the last paragraph, it is necessary for teenagers _.A
60、to get rid of the bad effects of social mediaBto follow the celebrities exampleCto be concerned about their body imageDto make comparisons among friends解析推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，该段主要阐述了社交媒体对青少年尤其是女生造成的负面影响，包括在朋友之间形成攀比心理、把时间浪费在过度关注身材上等；据此可以判断，青少年应当消除社交媒体的负面影响。故选A。答案A7What does this text mainly tell us?AThe we
61、llbeing of teenagers in Britain.BThe social medias negative effect on teenagers.CThe development of teenagers in Britain.DHow to interact with teenagers in Britain.解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了社交媒体对英国青少年尤其是女生的负面影响，包括在朋友中形成攀比心理、过度关注身材而忽视其他能力的发展，形成心理压力等，B项最能概括文意。故选B。答案BC(2018中央民族大学附属中学月考)“Plants were expecte
62、d to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide，” said researchers from the National University of Singapore.45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller a
63、dult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for shrinking creatures.“We do not yet know the mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected，
64、” the researchers said. “Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we cant yet quantify.”The change was big in coldblooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles smaller. An increase of 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 perce
65、nt increase in metabolism(新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth. There is a recent report on warmer temperatures n
66、egative effects on plankton, the base of the marine ecosystem.Warmblooded animals werent immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Mammals have been miniaturized too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller，compared with histor
67、ical records.This is not the first time this has happened in Earths history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current cl
68、imate change.The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times. So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in future.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。主要报道了一项新发现，研究人员发现了气候变暖会导致地球上许多生物个体变小的现象。
69、8The best title for the passage is_.AWhy Do Some Species Become Smaller?BSpecies Become Smaller with the Climate Getting WarmerCHow Does Temperature Change in Earths History?DClimate Change Has Many Negative Effects解析标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第二段内容可知，本文主要讲述了气候变暖会导致许多生物个体变小的现象，故B项正确。答案B9Researchers from the Natio
70、nal University of Singapore believe_.Aall the animals on the earth have become smallerBtoo many studies on animals size have been doneChow climate change affects animals size has not been found clearlyDpeople can avoid the negative effects of climate change解析细节理解题。第三段研究人员提到“We do not yet know the me
71、chanisms involved，or why some organisms are getting smaller”可知，研究者们还未发现气候变化到底是如何影响动物个体大小的。故C项正确。答案C10The passage implies_.Abirds have suffered more from climate change than fishBants，bees and spiders have been shrinking by 50% to 70% in the past decadeCa warming event causing species to become small
72、er has never happened beforeDclimate change has even a negative impact on plankton解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，气候变化已经对浮游生物产生了有害影响。故D项正确。答案D11The authors attitude to climate change in the passage is_.Aindifferent BoptimisticCworried Dconfident解析观点态度题。根据文章最后一句“So, it is likely that more negative influences of
73、climate change will be shown in future.”可知，未来气候变化带来的负面影响会越来越多，作者对此有些担忧。答案CD(2018安徽六安第一中学月考)George Aldrich, whose official title is chemical specialist，works at NASAs White Sands Test Facility in New Mexico. He uses his nose to protect astronauts from unpleasant or harmful odors(气味). His near fourdec
74、ade career has involved smelling objects from technical handbooks to astronauts personal things.Its crucial that all items taken aboard the International Space Station(ISS) are odorless. Since astronauts are allowed to bring personal items aboard，all their objects must be smellchecked before leaving
75、 Earth. In a video provided by Science Channel, Aldrich relates one specific occasion when an astronaut wanted to build a ship in a bottle in space. Everything in the shipbuilding process had to be sniffedright down to the glue.Aldrich and his team are responsible for making sure that objects are no
76、t only odorless but also harmless to astronauts. When the ISS heats up，a process called offgassing occurs，which means chemicals flow out from certain substances(物质). Objects that would be safe on Earth could give off unpleasant odors or become dangerous when exposed to high temperatures in the ISSs
77、unique environment.Of course, humans arent the only testers or the first to be exposed to potentially dangerous objects. Before Aldrich sticks his nose into a substance，it has been examined by machines. Even though machines can detect unsafe substances, computers cannot tell exactly how things smell
78、 to humans. While something could be technically fine，it could be smelly to an astronaut.Aldrichs nose is not alone there. He is the head of a hardsniffing team of smell testers. Together they smell each object and rate it on a scale(等级) of 1 to 4. According to NASA,1 cannot be detected，and 4 is con
79、sidered not bearable. After the scientists conclude their tests，the scores are averaged. If an item is rated more than 2.4 on the scale，it fails the test and is not allowed on the flight.语篇解读：本文讲述了一位化学专家George Aldrich在美国宇航局新墨西哥白沙实验研究所工作，由于国际空间站上的所有物品都要求是无气味的，所以他用他的鼻子来保护宇航员免受不良或有害气味的伤害。12Which can de
80、scribe the smell check from Paragraph 2?AQuite dangerous. BExtremely strict.CRather boring. DVery complex.解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，宇航员离开地球前所携带的东西必须经过嗅觉检查，空间站的物品也必须是无味的，由此可推知嗅觉检查是非常严格的。故选B。答案B13What is a threat to astronauts safety at the ISS?ANegative emotions.BOdorrelated disease.CThe offgassing process.D
81、Changes in temperature.解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，当国际空间站温度升高，一种叫排气的过程发生了，化学成分会从某些物质中散发出来，在地球上安全的物体在国际空间站独特的高温环境下会发出难闻的气味或变得危险，这些对宇航员是一种威胁。故选C。答案C14What should be done before Aldrich and his team start their work?AUsing machines to test objects.BHaving a meeting to make the scale.CUsing computers to examine t
82、heir noses.DListing potentially dangerous substances.解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Of course, humans arent the only testers or the first to be exposed to potentially dangerous objects. Before Aldrich sticks his nose into a substance, it has been examined by machines.”可知，人类并不是唯一有可能接触到潜在危险物体的测试者，Aldrich在用鼻子闻之前已经用
83、机器测试了物体。故选A。答案A15What is the text mainly about?AAn unusual smell tester.BAstronauts life at the ISS.CStrong odors in a spaceship.DThe smell of personal items.解析主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文讲述了一位化学专家George Aldrich用他的鼻子来保护宇航员免受不良或有害气味的伤害。这是一个非同寻常的气味测试仪。结合选项，故选A。答案A.七选五阅读填空Nowadays we are too busy to make art or mak
84、e creative works. Here are some simple tips to help you solve the problem.1Read before you fall asleepThis is a classic subconscious(潜意识的)employing trick, used a lot when you really need to study and remember materials. _1_ Studies show that your brain remembers more and thinks subconsciously about
85、the information you want to process just before going into REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. _2_2Take notes whenever ideas comeTake notes no matter what time of day(or night). Keep a notepad and pen beside your bed, and always carry one in your handbag or pocket. _3_ Sometimes theyre not important or
86、playful, but sometimes they can be tiny seeds of gold.3. Make conversations about your artwork a priorityThink about how much time you spend talking out loud about your artwork. _4_ Theres a learning curve(曲线) that comes out of forcing yourself to communicate. Set up a list of artists to contact reg
87、arding your work.4Dont neglect thinking time_5_ Many artworks are made after they have been inside your own head for months or even years. Whether youre at work, walking pets, or doing the dishes, using this moment to think hard about your artwork can pay off greatly.AYou might even dream about what
88、 you have read.BTry some of these ideas out and see what works for you.CWhen youre not making artwork, make time to simply think.DDont hesitate to take notes in public or anywhere the inspiration strikes.EInspiration has become more important than ever for business leaders or artists.FIt helps to re
89、gularly make every effort to talk about what youve been working on.GIf you want to think more about your artwork, read about it just before you fall asleep.语篇解读：如今我们变得越来越忙以至于没有时间进行艺术创作或者进行思维创新。本文提出了几条建议来解决这一问题。1解析本节小标题是：睡前阅读。另外根据承上启下的原则，第1空选G：若要深入思考艺术创作，那么就在睡前进行阅读吧。下一句讲：研究表明，人类大脑在进入快速眼球运动睡眠(Rapid Ey
90、e Movement sleep)之前，对所要处理的信息消化吸收得最快。第2空选A：你在睡前所读的内容甚至可能出现在梦境中。答案G2解析参见上题解析。答案A3解析D项中的“take notes in public”和标题“Take notes whenever ideas come”呼应。答案D4解析F项中的“talk about what youve been working on”和前一句中的“talking out loud about your artwork”呼应。答案F5解析C项中的“make time to simply think”和标题“Dont neglect thinking time”呼应。答案C