1、四川省岳池县中学2015高考英语阅读理解练习（4）及答案【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2014模拟调研】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In many American schools the holiday celebrating Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s birthday is used as an opportunity to teach children about his life and legacy. But in too many of those same schools, Black ch
2、ildrens extraordinary talents are still being wasted today. Nearly three-quarters of Black fourth and eighth grade public school students cannot read or compute at grade level.Black students made up only 18 percent of students in public schools in 2009-2010 but were 40 percent of students who receiv
3、ed one or more out-of-school suspensions（暂被停学）A Blackpublic school student is suspended every four seconds. Black students are more than twice aslikely to drop out of school as White students. Each school day 763 Black high school students drop out.So I applaud the US. Departments of Education and J
4、ustice for their recent action toaddress harmful school discipline policies that push so many thousands of black children out of school each year and into the juvenile（青少年)justice and adult prison pipeline. If the education system is to do its part in replacing it with a cradle to college, career an
5、d success pipeline, we must end the current practice where children in the greatest need are suspended from school mostly for nonviolent offenses. These resources, officially known as guidance, will help schools and districts meet their legal responsibility to protect students from discrimination on
6、 the basis of race, color or national origin as required under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As we recognize the 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and so many other important hard-won victories in the Civil Rights Movement this year, we must remember those victories could
7、be lost without meaningful enforcement of the laws advocates fought so hard to win half a century ago. While the guidance does not prohibit schools or districts from using any particularnondiscriminatory policy, it does call into question some policies that have historically excludedBlack students a
8、nd are of questionable educational value including zero tolerance disciplinepolicies which require mandatory（强制的）consequences for certain infractions（违反），and policies that prevent students from returning to school after completion of a court sentence. Information of the new guidance recommendations
9、is available at this government website for almost every school and district in the country. Check your own school district now to see whether the discipline policy is focused on creating a positive school climate and preventing misbehavior, whether consequences are clear, appropriate and consistent
10、, and whether there is a commitment to fairness in the application of discipline.67. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A. Unsatisfactory situation of Black studentseducation. B Life and legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. C The percentage of Black students dropping out of school. D.
11、The holiday celebrating Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s birthday.68The guidance issued by the U.S. Departments of Education and Justice may A. protect Black children from being suspended for nonviolent offenses B prevent Black children from coming back to school after a court sentence C. push thousands
12、of Black children out of school each year D punish Black children for dropping out of school69. According to the passage, the zero tolerance discipline policies A. have questionable consequences B are prohibited by the guidance C prevent Black children from being absent from school D. were considere
13、d discriminatory when they were released70. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Criticism of the Education System B. Steps Forward on School Discipline C Suggestions on the Civil Rights Act D. Victories in the Civil Rights Movement6770、AAAB阅读理解Last week, we explained that th
14、e planet Mars has passed “opposition. ”It passed a point opposite the Sun. This week, we tell about the planets surprising motion(运动)among the stars. For thousands of years, people have recognized that planets travel among the stars. The planets generally follow the path taken by the Sun through the
15、 sky. The Suns path is called the ecliptic. The groups of stars along the ecliptic are called the Zodiac. The motion of the planets can be confusing at times. Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth. Planets generally move
16、from west to east. However, Mars will appear to move backward for about two months this year. This happens because the Earth is overtaking Mars on its way around the Sun. Mars began its backward, or westward, motion on May 11th, It will start moving eastward again on July 19th. Mars apparent motion
17、has been a mystery to astronomers for hundreds of years. Most early theories of the solar system argued that the Sun and planets turned around the Earth. But the sudden westward motion of Mars presented a problem. Why would Mars move west for two months when it nears “opposition”?In 1543, a Polish c
18、hurch worker named Nicolas Copernicus published a different theory. His theory said the Earth and planets moved around the Sun in perfectly circular orbits. Copernicus theory was simpler. But his Sun centered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well.Finally, a German mathem
19、atician named Johannes Kepler published a complete theory of the motion of the planets in 1619. He had carefully studied the motion of Mars for many years.Johannes Kepler discovered that the planets do not move in circular orbits around the sun. Instead, they travel in flattened orbits called ellips
20、es. Mars elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.During the next several weeks, you can see for yourself why the mysterious motion of Mars has caused so many people to wonder.63. From the passage we can learn that .A. the sun and planets general
21、ly travel westward B. Kepler studied the orbit of the planets in 1619C. Copernicus theory well explained the motion of MarsD. the Earths turning motion causes the sun to rise in the east64. On July 19th Mars .A. will pass the “opposition”B. appears to change its direction againC. will begin to move
22、westwardD. appears to change its orbit again65. Why does Mars appear to be bigger and brighter when it passes “opposition”?A. It is overtaking the earth.B. It follows the path of the sun.C. It moves in an elliptical orbit.D. It travels in a circular orbit.66. What is the best title for the passage?A
23、. The Recent Research into Mars B. The Surprising Motion of MarsC. The Great Discovery on Mars D. The Wonderful Mystery of Marsmotion of the planets in 1619. Kepler在1619年出版了行星运动的完全理论” 可知，他的研究应该是在1619年之前，B错误；根据第六段最后一句“But his Sun centered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very
24、well.”可知，C错误；根据第三段第二、三句“Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth.”可知D正确。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。64. 【答案】B 【解析】根据第四段最后一句“Mars began its backward, or westward, motion on May 11th, It will start moving eastward again on July 19th. ”可知，B正
25、确。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。65. 【答案】C 【解析】根据第八段最后一句“Mars elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.”可知，C正确。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。66. 【答案】B 【解析】综合全文，文章主要讲今年火星Mars有两个月的时间是向西转动的，这与一般行星自西向东转动是相反的，因此B项符合题意。【考点定位】考查标题总结题。【宁夏银川市第九中学2014一模】BEach year on February 2nd, there i
26、s special festival called Groundhog Day (土拨鼠日 ) forecasting event in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. When it comes, people from around the world, including 5,000 in the small town today, watch this tongue-twisting(发音饶舌的) small town for a sign from one groundhog that supposedly predicts when that years s
27、pring will arrive. If its a cloudy day outside when the groundhog pops from its cave, then spring will arrive early that year. However, if it is sunny outside, the groundhog will supposedly be scared by its own shadow, hiding underground for six more weeks of cold weather.Of course, Punxsutawney Phi
28、ls prediction is no more able to guarantee the extended forecast than your local weatherman. ABC News reports that an analysis by the National Climate Data Center found that Phils predictions are more often wrong than right. Philis is also found to have made some unpleasant predictions. Ever since 1
29、887, he has predicted 99 extended winters and just 16 early springs .Nine of the years predictions were unavailable, according to ABC.The holiday began as a German tradition in 18th century and became even more of a cultural phenomenon after the 1993 film Groundhog Day starring Bill Murray.Punxsutaw
30、ney Phil has become a celebrity in his own right. Each year, the fatter animal with long teeth is watched by millions as he emerges from a cave in the town he is named after. Phil has become so beloved by the town that he actually lives in the local library with his “wife Phyllis.Taking inspiration
31、from the hard state of Bill Murrays character in the classic film, Yahoo contributor Owen Rust says Groundhog Day is a good time to reflect on ones routines. 【小题1】The underlined word “pops” means “ ”.A. escapesB. appears C. increasesD. hides【小题2】The reason why Phils predictions arent pleasing is tha
32、t_. A. some of the predictions were unavailable B. Phil wants to do that for fun C. Phil likes to make unpleasant predictions D. he has predicted more late springs【小题3】 How does Punxsutawney Phil become a celebration?A. By an accident. B. From peoples life improving.C. By his own attractive force D.
33、 From much money raised by the town.【小题4】Which does this passage mainly talk about?A. The National Climate Data Center B. A German traditionC. A tongue-twisting small town D. Groundhog Day weather forecasting 考点：考查文化类短文阅读理解-DI have been passionate about sewing and fashion design since I was 12. Two
34、years ago, I designed and made a set of outfits from recyclable materials for a charity fashion show. Through this highly meaningful and profound experience, I became aware of the importance of protecting and preserving our environment when designing and making fashion items, resulting in my foundin
35、g an organization to promote eco friendly, design and fashion.My interest has led me to research areas of fashion that have environmental implications. For example , some popular clothing stores have announced marketing policies designed to improve the environment. For those of us who are eco - cons
36、cious, it is responsible for us to evaluate whether such policies are just a marketing promotion, or represent great efforts to protect our environment.Three chain - stores, H&M, Urban Outfitters and Forever 21 ,have been promoting green items. After I examined their products, I have concluded that
37、H&M and Urban Outfitters are truly helping the environment with their efforts, while Forever 21 seems to be using the go green trend as a way to sell more products, rather than genuinely help the environment.Of these three stores, H&M has the most extensive eco -fashion plans. It is already well on
38、its way to carrying out its plans by increasingly mixing organic cotton into their garments, as well as putting fully organic cotton items on the market. The store also belongs to the Organic Exchange Organization, which approves of growth of organic cotton. To reduce the harm from non - organic cot
39、ton production, H&M is involved with the Better Cotton Project. Mindful of the unfavorable effects of climate change, the store aims to minimize transportation and energy usage. H&M labels their eco -friendly products with an official symbol, the Flower, to represent a production system that is less
40、 harmful than most traditional processes. Because of these actions and policies, H&M is already well on its way to making a difference on the environment.With its Urban Renewal brand, Urban Outfitter takes a different approach than H&M in promoting eco - friendly fashion. The brand features women s
41、clothes made from strictly environmentally -friendly sources, such as vintage, dead stock, or surplus clothing. Urban Renewal produces fashionable garments, and embraces being eco - friendly through recycling.Unlike the other two stores above, Forever 21 s eco - fashion efforts fall short; some peop
42、le would say their message is thoroughly misleading. It promotes the green image, and yet many of their supposed eco -friendly products do not help the environment. For example, it sells a Think Green Tote that, according to the site, is meant to send an environmentally friendly message. However it
43、is made of 100% non - organic cotton which is one of the most damaging fabrics to the environment, mostly because it requires greater chemical intervention compared to organic cotton. Also, the I Love My Planet Tote is supposed to make a positive statement, but is also made of 100% cotton that is no
44、t organic. The only tote that is environmentally - friendly is the H81 Organic Cotton Tote from Forever 21 s Heritage brand, made from 100% organic cotton. Now that Forever 21 has portrayed itself as being green, it should start walking the walk. 67. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph mea
45、ns _.A. all the customers are trying not to walk into the Forever 21 to buy products B. the Forever 21 has already been on its way to transform its negative image C. the writer publicly urges the Forever 21 to put its campaign into practice D. the environmental problem is so serious that we should p
46、ay more attention68. Which of the following supports the authors opinion?A. The author s environmental awareness comes from his shopping experiences. B. None of the three stores makes a difference on the ecological protection. C. Someone uses the go green trend just as a trick to make more profit. D
47、. It is still a very long way before we humans will use real green products.69. The passage is developed by _. A. showing cause and effect B. giving concrete figures C. making comparison and contrast D. using time order70. Which of the following statements can be the best title? A. Does the Trend of
48、 Eco - Friendly Help the Environment? B. Green Products Are Common in Fashion Stores. C. A Survey of Eco - Friendly Design on Fashion Markets. D. Are Chain Stores in Fashion Really Going Green?68【答案】C 【解析】依据第三段最后一句while Forever 21 seems to be using the go green trend as a way to sell more products,
49、rather than genuinely help the environment.可知，Forever 21标榜为“绿色环保”只是为了更好地卖出产品，并非真正的保护环境，C项是正确的。依据第一段第二句，作者从设计中体会到环保的重要性，可知A错误；从第四、五段可看到，H&M 和Urban Outfitter 是有环保意识的，得出B和D都是错误的。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。69【答案】C【解析】文章第一、二段描述自己的环保意识和责任，第三、四、五、六分别以比较的方式描述了三家公司是否环保，因此C项是正确的。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。70【答案】D【解析】文章作者主要是通过对比和比较三家公司的产品是否环保来得出，许多标有“绿色环保”的产品是不是都名符其实，结果是有的公司确实有环保意识，并且付诸行动，有时只是借着“绿色环保”的牌子来更好地出售自己的产品，因此D正确。【考点定位】考查标题总结题。