1、Unit 4 Cyberspacevirtual adj. chart n. chaos n. seaside n.hacker n. skip vt. military adj. zone n.officially adv. fist n. nuclear adj. volcano n.surfing n. waist n. title n. harbour n.site n. nail n. exit vt. scenery n.fashion n. gallery n. pack vt. cuisine n.terrorist n. cyberspace n. dip vt. spide
2、r n.concept n. artificial adj. toe n. web n.virus n. millionaire n.1(2020全国卷)The Lake District Attractions Guide.景点2(2020天津卷)I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. 普通的3(2019全国卷)When a student attacks a professor on the social medi
3、a，the language used actually says more about the student.抨击单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1likely adj.有可能的 adv.(与most，very连用)可能2focus vi.集中注意3guide n指南；导游，向导4climate n气候5affect vt.影响6attack n& vt.攻击，进攻7project n课题；方案；工程8disappear vi.消失9pessimistic adj.悲观的，厌世的10destination n目的地用所给词的适当形式填空。1For example，outdoor lightin
4、g severely affects (affect) migrating birds.2Eating and drinking too much is likely to_give (give) ones stomach trouble.3He finds it hard to_focus (focus) his thoughts on one thing for longer than five minutes.4Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have enough materials(material)and
5、markets.11offer n& vt.优惠；提供，提议12crime n犯罪；罪行13crash vt.(汽车、飞机等)撞毁；坠毁14average adj.平均的n.平均数15historical adj.历史的，有关历史的16destruction n破坏，毁灭17tourism n观光，游览18material_n材料，原料5.The soldier took his sword and attacked (attack) the enemy.6Achieving your goal to be admitted by a firstgrade university is only
6、 one of the destinations (destination) in your life.7We rejected (reject) his idea for a music club，and decided to have an art club instead.8I gratefully took the cup of coffee that she offered (offer) me.9The plane crashed (crash) into the mountain，but luckily the pilot survived.派生单词语境运用1real adj.真
7、实的，真的reality n真实，现实realize vt.实现；意识到realistic adj.现实的；实际的2optimistic adj.乐观的optimism n乐观；乐观主义3harm vt.& n伤害，损害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的4scientific adj.科学的science n科学scientist n科学家5arrange vt.安排arrangement n安排6settle vi.定居 vt.解决，使定居settlement n(新)定居地7attract vt.吸引attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的attract
8、ion n吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人8entertain v娱乐；招待entertainment n娱乐；款待entertaining adj.使愉快的；有趣的9suggest vt.建议，提议suggestion n建议，提议10regular adj.定期的；规则的regularly_adv. 有规律地regulation n. 规章11location n位置，场所locate vt. 坐落于；位于12global adj. 全球的，全世界的globe n. 地球仪；地球用所给词的适当形式填空。1These plays were a popular form of entertainm
9、ent (entertain) in the 1920s and 1930s.2In reality，I have realized that I must stop daydreaming and be realistic.(realize)3The harmful materials became harmless to the environment after being dealt with.(harm)4Parents arrange (arrangement) everything for their children and spare no effort to pave th
10、e way for their success.5Destruction (destroy) of the environment is one of the most serious challenges we face.6They provide an environment where you can practice under the guidance (guide) of someone whos good at the language.7The chief engineer together with his colleagues has been looking for ne
11、w scientific (science) methods of farming since five years ago.8The man suggested that the manager should accept his suggestions which he thought were of great value.(suggest)9The criminal is said to have committed many crimes before being arrested.(crime)10Blackpool is the top tourist attraction in
12、 England.A number of visitors from all over the world are attracted by the attractive scenery there.(attract)短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1hang_on(电话用语)别挂断2get_in_touch 取得联系3be_up_to 做，从事于；取决于4in_the_flesh 本人亲身5whats_more 更重要的是选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Bob and I have been good friends since we were very young，however，I couldn
13、t get_in_touch with him recently.I dont know what he has been_up_to and I worry about him very much.I decide to pay a visit to him in_the_flesh，but my brother suggests that I (should) go on holiday with him.But I have to reject his suggestion.Whats_more，I have no time to go with him.6come_true实现7as_
14、well_as 也，又8cut_off 切掉，切断9have_problems_with 在方面有困难10take_action 采取行动选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。My father has_problems_with his health for several years.His friends as_well_as my family have been advising him to quit smoking，but he wont listen.He becomes too weak recently，so he has to follow our advice and takes
15、_action to quit smoking.11make_up 编造；构成12as_if 好像，仿佛13take_over 接收，接管14consist_of 由组成15be_known_as 被认为是，被称为选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Fifty students make_up our class.We all like our English teacher very much.He is over forty years old，but he looks as_if he were just thirty years old.He is_known_as a famous teac
16、her in our county.It was last year that he took_over our class.We all think he is one of the best teachers in our school.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1.It isadj.that.句型，其中it作形式主语.it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.很明显，湖南电视台制作的快乐大本营很受年轻人的欢迎。It_is_obvious_that Happy Ca
17、mp conducted by Hunan TV is popular with the young.2.as if引导表语从句.the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.高高悬挂在空中的月亮看上去就像皎洁的白玉盘似的。The moon hanging high in the sky looks_as_if it is a white jade plate.3.have sth. done的意思是“使被了”，过去分词作宾语的补足语Do yo
18、u have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday？我们已经修好了被洪水冲垮的大桥。We have had_the_bridge which was washed down by the flood repaired.4.动词itadj.to do sth.But I still find it hard to imagine.许多专家认为让学生有足够的睡眠很重要。Many experts think_it_important_to_let students have enough sleep.1likely adj.有可能的 adv.(与most，
19、very连用)可能 be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事It is likely that. 很可能Not likely 绝不可能(表示强烈反对)be much more likely to accept change可能会更容易接受变化 there were likely to be further attacks 很可能会有更多的袭击be likely to go on rising this year 今年可能会继续上升基础练习单句语法填空Students will help and learn from each other，and a friendship is l
20、ikely to_be_formed (form)It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.(高级表达)It_is_likely_that_they_will_be_fired_by_the_company because of their fault.(it作形式主语)2focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚集 n焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、
21、兴趣等的)中心，集中点 (1)focus on/upon sth./sb. 集中注意力于某物/某人focus ones attention/eyes on 注意力集中于(2)in focus 焦距对准；清晰out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊be currently focusing on assessment and development 目前在关注评估和发展focus on the economy 将主题集中在经济方面focus their attention on the controversy 把关注的焦点放到争议上the main focus of her life她生活的重
22、心联想发散表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于”的短语还有：pay attention toput ones heart intofix ones attention onconcentrate onbe absorbed inapply oneself to基础练习单句语法填空Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.The childrens faces were badly out of focus in the photograph.链接写作一句多译他集中精力学习。
23、He focused_his_attention_on his study.(focus)He fixed_his_attention_on his study.(fix)He was_absorbed_in his study.(absorb)He applied_himself_to his study.(apply)He concentrated_his_attention_on his study.(concentrate)3offer n& vt.提供，提议；出价；优惠高考原句2020全国卷Rather than getting caught up in how you could
24、have done better，why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心) response?(1)offer sb.sth.offer sth.to sb. 主动把某物给某人offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事(2)make an offer to do sth. 想要做某事make an offer of help/food 主动提供帮助/食物offer to teach them waterskiing 主动提出教他们滑水 offer his sympathy to us 向我们表示他的同情 be offering a qual
25、ity service 提供水准一流的服务 联想发散表示“提供给某人某物”的常见短语还有：supply sb.with sth.supply sth.to sb.provide sb.with sth.provide sth.for sb.基础练习单句语法填空The driver offered to_drive (drive) us to the station.In a word，we should offer our help and love to the people in need.When he graduated from college，he made an offer to
26、_be_sent (send) to a remote village school.链接写作一句多译如果你主动帮助别人，你最终会得到回报。If_you_offer_to_help_people youll eventually be rewarded.(offer v)If_you_make_an_offer_to_help_people youll eventually be rewarded.(offer n)4harm vt.& n伤害，损害 (1)do/cause harm to 对造成伤害do sb.harmdo harm to sb. 伤害某人；对某人有害mean no harm
27、 无恶意There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处(2)harmful adj. 有害的be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/物有害do harm to human beings对人有害ensure that no one comes to any harm 确保无人受到伤害no harm in asking问问也无妨基础练习单句语法填空Fruit juice can be harmful (harm) to childrens teeth.Fiercely debating with strong emotion hurts feelings
28、and does harm to teamwork.链接写作一句多译如果使用不当，这种药物会对你造成伤害。If used improperly，the medicine will_do/cause_harm_to_you/will_do_you_ harm.(harm n)If used improperly，the medicine will_be_harmful_to_you.(harmful adj.)5suggest vt.建议，提议；推荐；表明，暗示 (1)suggest (sb.s) doing sth. 建议(某人)做某事suggest (that).(should)do 建议(
29、从句用虚拟语气)(2)suggestion n提议，建议；意见；暗示make/offer/give a suggestion 建议，提议ask for a suggestion征求建议suggest how this might occur 说明这事是怎么发生的 suggest taking her out to dinner for a change提议带她出去吃饭换换口味 名师点津suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，其主语往往是事物，而不是人。这时suggest后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。基础练习单句语法填空Someone suggested sending (send) his broth
30、er to the US for treatment.Mother suggested that she (should)_adapt (adapt) herself to her new conditions in college as soon as possible.Mr Li gave me a suggestion (suggest) that I (should) pay more attention to my handwriting.链接写作一句多译在昨天的会议上我建议他放弃那个计划。I_suggested_his_giving_the_plan_up at the meeti
31、ng yesterday.(suggest doing.)I_suggested_that_he(should)give_the_plan_up at the meeting yesterday. (suggest that.)I_made_a_suggestion_that_he(should)give_up_the_plan at the meeting yesterday.(同位语从句)6settle vi.定居，安家；停留vt.安排，处理；决定；安放；使定居 (1)settle down/get settled 定居；稳定；平静下来settle(down)to sth. 开始专心于某事
32、，着手认真做某事settle in/into 定居；迁入(新居)；适应(新工作)settle on 决定，选定；停留，降落(2)settler n移居者settlement n解决；住宅区settle the bill for my coffee 为我的咖啡付账the matter is settled 事情安排妥当了settle himself on the sofa 坐在沙发上a black dust settled on the walls 墙上落了一层黑色的粉尘his eyes settle upon Crosss face他的目光落在了克罗斯的脸上基础练习单句语法填空Back fro
33、m abroad，the couple decided to settle down in Nanning.They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.But he finally settled on literature，particularly drama and poetry.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)There are a lot of difficult problems to settle，so the newlyelected president is having a hard time.(高级表达)With_
34、a_lot_of_difficult_problems_to_settle，the newlyelected president is having a hard time.(with复合结构)7view n景色，风景；视野；观点；意见vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作；考虑 高考原句2020全国卷Those viewing the quality of Abbot Halls temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.(1)come into view 看得见，进入视野in view
35、在视野范围内have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览get a better view of 更清楚地看到(2)in view of 鉴于；考虑到in ones view 在某人看来(3)view.as 把看作have similar views on 在上的看法相似 get a better view of the blackboard 更清楚地看到黑板上的内容 in full view of anyone who walked by 过往的人都能看见 in my view things wont change 依我看，事情不会改变 be taking the long vi
36、ew 从长远角度考虑make your views known to sb.让某人了解你的观点 基础练习写出下列句中view的含义People came from all over the world to view her work.观看When the old man opened the window，a stranger with a high hat came into view.视野He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.景色Wed like to fi
37、nd out young peoples views on religion.观点链接写作完成句子在我看来，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。In_my_view，we should develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.8average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n平均数；平均水平；一般水准 v平均为；计算出的平均数 (1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词)(2)on(the)average 平均起来above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下(3)aver
38、age out 算出平均数an average of ten weeks 平均10周的时间be only average academically学习成绩一般below average rainfall降雨量低于平均值基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错The common cold is a good example：women，on average，get fewer colds than men.Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 above the average.I spend the
39、average of about $200 a year on books.thean链接写作完成句子令他们非常高兴的是，他们儿子的学业成绩远高于平均水平。To their great joy，their sons schoolwork is well above_average.随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。As_the_average_age_of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.9hang on(hold on) (电话用语)别挂断；坚持下去，抓住不放 (1)
40、hang up 挂断电话hang out/about/around 闲逛hang together 团结，同心协力hang onto 抓紧不放；继续保留；依附hang on to 紧紧抓住；紧握；保留(2)get/have the hang of sth.学会做某事的技巧hang on for a minute稍等一会儿manage to hang on 坚持下来unable to hang on to his lead 没能保住自己的领先地位基础练习单句语法填空I was hanging out with friends at 3 pm.this Sunday.Having struggle
41、d for several weeks，Lucy finally got the hang of learning physics.链接写作完成句子这是件困难的工作，但如果你坚持不渝，最后是能成功的。Its hard work but if you hang_on youll succeed in the end.我要保存那些旧照片，因为它们可能很有价值。I should hang_on_to those old photographs for they may be valuable.10get in touch 取得联系 be in touch with 和有联系lose touch wi
42、th 和失去联系be out of touch with 和失去联系keep in touch with 和保持联系get in touch with him tomorrow明天和他联系 get in touch with my inner self 了解内心的自我 get in touch more often多多联络 名师点津get in touch与lose touch表示短暂动作，不与一段时间连用；be in touch与be out of touch表示状态，可以与一段时间连用。基础练习单句语法填空Were out of touch with our office in Spain
43、.We now keep in touch with him by writing letters.How long have you been (be) in touch with Mr.Smith?He lost touch with his father when he was ten years old.链接写作完成句子It is not easy for us to get_in_touch_with(和取得联系) each other，so we must keep_in_touch(保持联系) from now on.Having_been_out_of_touch(失去联系)
44、with his parents for two years，Jones returned home，safe and sound.11(be)up to 忙于，从事于；达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到为止；取决于；是的责任 up to now 直到现在It is up to you. 随你的便/由你来决定。It is up to sb.to do sth. 该由某人做某事。will make it up to you 会补偿你的be up to see you tomorrow 明天来看你基础练习写出下列句中up to的含义Up to a certain point，the more stre
45、ss you are under，the better your performance will be.达到John was fired because he wasnt up to his work.胜任Its up to you whether we accept the present or not.取决于She was here up to a few minutes ago.直到为止链接写作完成句子是否继续上这门课程由她决定。Its_up_to_her_to_decide whether or not to go on with the course.12(教材P8).it is
46、clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。句法句式本句句型为：It is clear that.句型。在这一句型中，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。(1)常用于这种结构的形容词有：clear，obvious，certain，important，possible，natural，interesting，likely，unusual等。(2)在It is necessary/important/strange/surprising/unthink
47、able/unbelievable/ incrediblethat.中，从句中的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”，should可省略。名师点津在以上句型中，如果从句内容只是简单地陈述事实，谓语动词用陈述语气；如果从句内容并不是陈述事实，而是表达某种强烈的情感(要求、建议、命令、责备、惋惜、吃惊等)，谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“(should)do”形式。基础练习单句语法填空It is obvious that she is popular with students.It is important that we (should)_discuss (discuss) the plan.链接写作
48、词汇升级(普通表达)Its clear that peoples lifestyles now have changed a lot.(高级表达)Clearly/Obviously/Apparently peoples lifestyles now have changed a lot.13(教材P8)Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.有些专
49、家看到虚拟现实的未来(虚拟现实)是计算机通过声音和图像模拟现实，以使人感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。 句法句式as if(as though)意为“仿佛；好像；似乎”，常用在be，look，seem，sound，smell，feel等系动词的后面引导表语从句。(1)省略：如果as if/though引导的方式状语从句为主系表结构且其主语与主句主语一致，则可省略其中的主语和系动词。(2)语气：如果as if/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。基础练习单句语法填空He opened his mouth as if to_say
50、 (say) something.They talked as if they had_met (meet) before.I remember the whole thing as if it happened (happen) yesterday.链接写作完成句子一对年轻夫妇坐在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅有的人。A young couple in a boat were eating，talking and laughing loudly as_if_they_ were_the_only_people_in_the_world.夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式
51、填空。1It is suggested that we (should)_discuss (discuss) the problem.2My German isnt up to translating (translate) that letter.3Students will help and learn from each other，and a friendship is likely to_be_formed (form)4Indeed，the phone can bring great convenience to our life.However，it can be harmful
52、 (harm) to our friendship.5Fortunately，a man made an offer to_take (take) him around the different spots.6It seemed as if the bag had_been_pressed (press) by something heavy.7Would you like to have your writing published (publish) in this magazine?.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1Wait until the students settle down b
53、efore you start the lesson.2In view of the heavy smog，the school has taken various measures to protect the students.3400 people a year die of this disease on average.4They settled down to test papers when they came to the room.5She also wanted to make sure she didnt lose touch with her friends in Ta
54、iwan. 查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1Up to now，we have_finished (finish) most of the work，and the rest of the work needs to be done in two days.2Fancy sitting (sit) in the sun and doing nothing all day!3The first thing he looked at was his offices location(locate). 4In the last five years, great changes have
55、_taken (take) place in my hometown.5I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise regularly(regular). 6The guide suggested us going(go) there to have a visit on foot.7If I were(be) you, I would tell her the truth and apologize to her for that.8The teacher as well as the students enjoys(enjoy
56、) listening to English songs.9Now that we are all part of the global_(globe)village, everyone becomes a neighbor.10The flood caused serious destruction(destroy) to the railway.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines are being built in Wuhan.2Seeing the super star
57、appear in the flesh，the crowd burst into cheers.3Well get in touch as soon as we know the results of the test.4Our city has a population_of six hundred thousand people.5Working hard and being optimistic about the future can make you successful.6With the increasing popularity of the Internet, it prov
58、ides_a huge growth space for economic development.7This book gives all sorts_of information on how to repair a car. 8There will be_no so many traffic jams with the help of the Internet. 强技提能语言应用.语法填空根据P8教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In the last thirty years，the Internet has grown 1.rapidly(rapid)，
59、and this growth is 2.clearly(clear) going to continue.Some experts are pessimistic 3.about the future. One worry is crime in cyberspace.In the future，4.terrorists(terror) may “attack” the worlds computers，cause chaos，and make planes and trains crash.5.However，many people are optimistic about the fut
60、ure of the Internet.Angela Rossetto says that in the next few years，it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.She also believes that，in the future，we will get 6.entertainment (entertain) from the Net and that television will 7.probably(probable) disappear.The mai
61、l service may also disappear with the 8.increasing(increase) use of email.Some experts see our future in virtual 9.reality(real)the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in 10.a real situation.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)随着科学技术的快速发展，计算机应用于如此多的领域，以至于我们不能没有它。Wi
62、th science and technology developing quickly，computers can be_applied_to such a number of fields that we cant go without it.人们依靠计算机来解决各种问题，比如，探索月球。People can solve all kinds of problems by calculating on computers，for example，exploring the moon.人们普遍认为在将来计算机不能替代人类。It_is_universally_believed_that comp
63、uters cant take the place of human beings in the future.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)用as引导的时间状语从句改写1中的句As_science_and_technology_develop_quickly，computers can be applied to such a number of fields that we cant go without it.(2)用what引导的主语从句改写1中的句What_is_universally_believed is that computers cant t
64、ake the place of human beings in the future.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)As science and technology develop quickly，computers can be applied to such a number of fields that we cant go without it.As a result，people can solve all kinds of problems by calculating on computers，for example，exploring the moon.Anyhow，what is universally believed is that computers cant take the place of human beings in the future.